Month: November 2022

Comparative volatile compounds and primary metabolites profiling of pitaya fruit peel after ozone treatment was written by Wu, Qixian;Zhang, Zhengke;Zhu, Hong;Li, Taotao;Zhu, Xiangrong;Gao, Huijun;Yun, Ze;Jiang, Yueming. And the article was included in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture in 2019.Name: Methyl nonadecanoate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

BACKGROUND : Ozone treatment can effectively inhibit fruit decay in many fruits during postharvest storage. However, little information is available for pitaya fruit. RESULTS : Ozone treatment significantly reduced the decay rate and induced the enzyme activities of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase, and also reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species. In total, 103 metabolites were detected and changed the content after ozone treatment, including 54 primary metabolites and 49 aromatic compounds After significance and importance anal., 37 metabolites were important. Some metabolites were induced by peel senescence to respond to senescence stress, including D-fructose, D-glucose, mannose, inositol, galactonic acid, ethanedioic acid and stearic acid. Some metabolic products of peel senescence were reduced by ozone treatment, including D-arabinose, glucaric acid, galacturonic acid, 1-hexanol, 4-ethylcyclohexanol, β-linalool, palmitoleic acid and 2-hydroxy-cyclopentadecanone. Some metabolites induced by ozone treatment might play a vital role in delaying the senescence and decay, including malic acid, succinic acid, pentenoic acid, eicosanoic acid, 2-hexenal, hexanal, 2-heptenal, 4-heptenal, 2-octenal and nitro m-xylene. CONCLUSION : Ozone treatment significantly reduced decay and prolonged shelf-life without reducing fruit quality. In total, 37 metabolites might play an important role in ozone delayed fruit decay. © 2018 Society of Chem. Industry. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Methyl nonadecanoate (cas: 1731-94-8Name: Methyl nonadecanoate).

Methyl nonadecanoate (cas: 1731-94-8) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Name: Methyl nonadecanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and evaluation of a novel fluorinated poly(hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate) polymer coating for corrosion protection on aluminum alloy was written by Yaseen, Waleed K.;Marpu, Sreekar B.;Golden, Teresa D.;Omary, Mohammad A.. And the article was included in Surface and Coatings Technology in 2020.Formula: C7H6F6O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The hydrophobic and corrosion resistive film of cross-linked poly(hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate) was successfully prepared by a simple photopolymerization method. The starting materials were a monomer of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, a photoinitiator of hydroxycyclohexyl Ph ketone, and a crosslinker of poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate). A very simple coating technique of drop-casting was used to deposit the fluorinated polymer onto an aluminum alloy substrate (AA 3003). The polymer coating was stable over a 60-day period when exposed to an aqueous solution of 3.5% NaCl as measured by open circuit potential technique. The fluorinated polymer coating had high corrosion protection when measured by potentiodynamic polarization with a reduction of 90% in the corrosion c.d. for the polymer-coated aluminum alloy over the bare substrate. The corrosion c.d. decreased to 0.065μA/cm² for the aluminum alloy coated with the polymer film compared to 0.708μA/cm² for uncoated aluminum alloy. Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy was used to monitor the polymerization process. The dynamic contact angle technique was used to measure the hydrophobicity for the fluorinated polymer coating and increased from 65° to 100° for the uncoated and coated substrate, resp. Contact angle measurements before and after treatment with strong acid were carried out to confirm the chem. resistance of the polymer coating. The thermal stability of the fluorinated polymer was measured using thermogravimetric anal. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropylmethacrylate (cas: 3063-94-3Formula: C7H6F6O2).

1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropylmethacrylate (cas: 3063-94-3) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Formula: C7H6F6O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Separation performance of capillary gas chromatography based on monohydroxycucurbit[7]uril incorporated into sol-gels as the stationary phase was written by He, Jing;Ran, Jingfeng;Yao, Jianmei;Zhang, Lingxue;Wang, Shasha;Wang, Yuan;Dong, Nan. And the article was included in Frontiers in Chemistry (Lausanne, Switzerland) in 2020.Computed Properties of C8H16O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A novel monohydroxycucurbit[7]uril-based stationary phase for capillary gas chromatog. (GC) has been produced. For this, a capillary column coating was made using a sol-gel technique, incorporating synthesized monohydroxycucurbit[7]uril [(OH)Q[7]] and hydroxy-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) (OH-PDMS) into the sol-gel network through hydrolysis and polycondensation and chem. sol-gel grafting to the inner wall of a fused-silica tube. The preparation method may produce a coating with greater integrity, which gives the prepared column a higher separation efficiency and better selectivity toward analytes than a reported stationary phase based on neat cucurbit[n]urils (Q[n]s). The prepared (OH)Q[7]/PDMS column had 3,225 theor. plates per m determined using naphthalene at 120°C and exhibited a weakly polar nature. The (OH)Q[7]/PDMS column has high resolution over a broad spectrum of analytes with sym. peak shapes and exhibited better separation performance than com. capillary columns and reported columns based on neat Q[n]s that failed to resolve some critical analytes. In addition, the energy effect on the retention of analytes on the (OH)Q[7]/PDMS stationary phase was investigated. The results indicated that retention on the column was determined mainly by the enthalpy change. As demonstrated, the coating method can address some disadvantages that exist with the reported Q[n]s columns and combine the full advantages of (OH)Q[7] with the sol-gel coating method while achieving outstanding GC separation performance. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Methyl heptanoate (cas: 106-73-0Computed Properties of C8H16O2).

Methyl heptanoate (cas: 106-73-0) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Computed Properties of C8H16O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synergistics of Carboxymethyl Chitosan and Mangosteen Extract as Enhancing Moisturizing, Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Deodorizing Properties in Emulsion Cream was written by Chaiwong, Nareekan;Phimolsiripol, Yuthana;Leelapornpisid, Pimporn;Ruksiriwanich, Warintorn;Jantanasakulwong, Kittisak;Rachtanapun, Pornchai;Seesuriyachan, Phisit;Sommano, Sarana Rose;Leksawasdi, Noppol;Simirgiotis, Mario J.;Barba, Francisco J.;Punyodom, Winita. And the article was included in Polymers (Basel, Switzerland) in 2022.Reference of 31566-31-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCH) from native chitosan of high mol. weight (H, 310-375 kDa) was synthesized for improving water solubility The water solubility of high-mol.-weight carboxymethyl chitosan (H-CMCH) was higher than that of native chitosan by 89%. The application of H-CMCH as enhancing the moisturizer in mangosteen extract deodorant cream was evaluated. Different concentrations of H-CMCH (0.5-2.5%) were investigated in physicochem. characteristics of creams, including appearance, phase separation, pH, and viscosity, by an accelerated stability test. The different degrees of skin moisturizing (DM) on pig skin after applying H-CMCH solution, compared with untreated skin, water, and propylene glycol for 15 and 30 min using a Corneometer, were investigated. The results showed that the 0.5% H-CMCH provided the best DM after applying the solution on pig skin for 30 min. Trans-2-nonenal, as an unsatisfied odor component, was also evaluated against components of the mangosteen extract deodorant cream, which were compared to the standard, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). In addition, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and antibacterial activities were examined for the mangosteen extract deodorant cream using 0.5% H-CMCH. Results indicated that the mangosteen extract synergized with H-CMCH, which had a good potential as an effective skin moisturizing agent enhancer, deodorizing activity on trans-2-nonenal odor, antioxidant properties, and antibacterial properties. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Reference of 31566-31-1).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Reference of 31566-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Incorporation of urea-derived ¹³C into microbial communities in four different agriculture soils was written by Wang, Juan;Thornton, Barry;Yao, Huaiying. And the article was included in Biology and Fertility of Soils in 2014.Reference of 1731-94-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The objective of this study was to investigate changes in the composition of the soil microbial community brought about by urea application and differences in the incorporation of urea-derived C into the soil phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) pool at differing soil pH. We selected four soils which ranged in pH from 3.9 to 7.8. ¹³C-labeled urea was applied at two concentrations 100 and 200 mg N kg^-1 which represents commonly used and high levels of application. Significant hydrolysis of applied urea occurred within 2 h; less than 2 % of urea-C was retained in the soil with one exception, the fluvo-aquic soil at pH 7.8 amended with 200 mg kg^-1 urea-N 3 days after urea application. According to principal component anal. (PCA), the effect of urea and incubation time on microbial community composition was far weaker than differences between the four soils due to their large differences in basic properties; the scores of PC2 were significantly correlated with pH values. The incorporation of ¹³C-urea to PLFAs increased with soil pH; this may be related to increases in the speciation of inorganic C into bicarbonate.¹³C label was primarily incorporated into 16:1ω5c, 16:0, and cy19:0 in red soil, pH 3.9; and into 16:1ω7c, 16:0, and 16:1ω5c in fluvo-aquic soil, pH 7.8. A wider range of PLFAs became labeled in the two paddy soils at pH 5.2 and 6.7. This suggests that the profile of PLFAs labeled from the application of ¹³C-urea may be affected by redox potential. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Methyl nonadecanoate (cas: 1731-94-8Reference of 1731-94-8).

Methyl nonadecanoate (cas: 1731-94-8) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Reference of 1731-94-8

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chemical-nutritional characteristics and aromatic profile of milk and related dairy products obtained from goats fed with extruded linseed was written by Bennato, Francesca;Ianni, Andrea;Innosa, Denise;Grotta, Lisa;D’Onofrio, Andrea;Martino, Giuseppe. And the article was included in Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences in 2020.Synthetic Route of C11H22O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of dietary integration with extruded linseed (EL) on fatty acid (FA) and aromatic profile of goat cheese after 60 (T60) days of ripening. Thirty goats were divided in two groups. The control group (CG) was fed with conventional diet, whereas the exptl. group (EL+) was fed with conventional diet supplemented with 10% of EL. Milk samples were collected on 30 and 60 days of trial to determinate chem.-nutritional composition and FA profile. At the end of experiment, six cheese-making sessions (3 for each group) were carried out using a pooled milk sample obtained from the 15 goats of each group. At 60 days of c, cheeses were analyzed for chem.-nutritional composition, FA and aromatic profile. An increase in the milk production, protein, fat and lactose were evidenced in EL+ goats. A reduction of somatic cells was observed in EL+ compared with the CG. No variation was observed for urea, casein levels content in milk sam- ples, and no changes in protein and lipid content were found for cheeses in the two experi- mental groups. Dietary supplementation with EL modified the FA profile of milk. There was a decrease in saturated FM and an increase in polyunsaturated FM. Chem. composition of T60 cheese did not differ between the two groups but a different FA profile was observed In T60 cheese obtained from EL+ milk, an increase in short-chain FA and a decrease in me- dium and long-chain FA were observed The EL diet led to cheeses with butanoic add 2 times higher compared to CG cheeses. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Isopentyl hexanoate (cas: 2198-61-0Synthetic Route of C11H22O2).

Isopentyl hexanoate (cas: 2198-61-0) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Synthetic Route of C11H22O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Prediction of B20 Storage Tank Precipitate Removal Based on Biodiesel Monoglyceride Content was written by Gozan, Misri;Paryanto, Imam;Darmawan, Muhammad Arif;Sahlan, Muhammad;Hermansyah, Heri;Rismana, Eriawan;Arbianto, Alfan Danny;Prakoso, Tirto;Aroua, Mohamed Kheireddine;Cognet, Patrick. And the article was included in ChemEngineering in 2022.Product Details of 31566-31-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Precipitate in B20 fuel stored in storage tanks can accumulate at the bottom level of the tank and affect the fuel filter, clogging in the fuel distribution and engine system. This study examines the precipitate formation prediction in B20 fuel based on the monoglyceride content in biodiesel. This research used a modified CSFT method of ASTM D7501 for the precipitation test. Monopalmitin was added to biodiesel with a variation of monoglyceride content. Each biodiesel sample was then blended with petroleum diesel fuel to produce two groups of samples. Each sample was sep. soaked in the cooling chamber at constant and room temperature for 21 days. The bottom layer of each B20 fuel sample stored in the measuring cylinder was then pipetted and filtered, washed with petro-ether, vacuum-dried, and weighed for a constant amount of precipitate retained on the filter. The simulation results show that the ratios between the amount of collected precipitate at the bottom layer of the 2-L measuring cylinder and the total amount of collected precipitate for the 2-L measuring cylinder increased with the monoglyceride content biodiesel. This ratio was used to predict the amount of accumulated sludge for a given volume of B20 fuel loaded into the storage tank. This study shows the effect of monoglyceride content on the precipitation behavior in the storage tank concerning general tank storage dimension parameters and B20 loading frequency. This approach can be applied to estimate the sludge removal frequency for biodiesel storage. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Product Details of 31566-31-1).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Product Details of 31566-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Alternating Chain Growth Copolymerization of Isothiocyanates and Epoxides was written by Song, Lidao;Liu, Mingqi;You, Donglei;Wei, Wei;Xiong, Huiming. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2021.Name: Isopropylisothiocyanate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A class of heteroatom polymers through anionic chain growth copolymerization of epoxides and isothiocyanates has been successfully obtained under mild conditions via initiation by a simple salt of lithium alkoxide. The resulting polymers have characteristics of controlled mol. weights and low dispersity with a well-defined backbone of carbonimidothioate repeat units (-OC(=N)S-) at 100% alternating degree, which have been confirmed in the ¹H-¹³C heteronuclear multiple bond correlation NMR spectrum and mass spectrum. Side reactions have been greatly suppressed in the copolymerization, and no more than 5% cyclic small mol. byproducts have been produced. We have revealed the special role of lithium bonds in regulating the alternating copolymerization of these two types of monomers, which are involved in activating isothiocyanates as well as binding the incoming monomers to the growing chain ends due to the especial coordination capability of lithium ions to multiple nucleophilic sites. The proposed mechanism of the alternating copolymerization process is supported by d. functional theory calculations Moreover, the copolymerization exhibits first-order kinetics with respect to the monomers and a quasi-living feature. Our strategy is expected to shed light on the incorporation of different types of cumulated double bonds as comonomers into polymer backbones, and the high availability of epoxides and isothiocyanates of various substitutions will forge the development of such kinds of heteropolymers. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Isopropylisothiocyanate (cas: 2253-73-8Name: Isopropylisothiocyanate).

Isopropylisothiocyanate (cas: 2253-73-8) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Name: Isopropylisothiocyanate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Alternating Chain Growth Copolymerization of Isothiocyanates and Epoxides was written by Song, Lidao;Liu, Mingqi;You, Donglei;Wei, Wei;Xiong, Huiming. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2021.Application In Synthesis of Isopropylisothiocyanate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A class of heteroatom polymers through anionic chain growth copolymerization of epoxides and isothiocyanates has been successfully obtained under mild conditions via initiation by a simple salt of lithium alkoxide. The resulting polymers have characteristics of controlled mol. weights and low dispersity with a well-defined backbone of carbonimidothioate repeat units (-OC(=N)S-) at 100% alternating degree, which have been confirmed in the ¹H-¹³C heteronuclear multiple bond correlation NMR spectrum and mass spectrum. Side reactions have been greatly suppressed in the copolymerization, and no more than 5% cyclic small mol. byproducts have been produced. We have revealed the special role of lithium bonds in regulating the alternating copolymerization of these two types of monomers, which are involved in activating isothiocyanates as well as binding the incoming monomers to the growing chain ends due to the especial coordination capability of lithium ions to multiple nucleophilic sites. The proposed mechanism of the alternating copolymerization process is supported by d. functional theory calculations Moreover, the copolymerization exhibits first-order kinetics with respect to the monomers and a quasi-living feature. Our strategy is expected to shed light on the incorporation of different types of cumulated double bonds as comonomers into polymer backbones, and the high availability of epoxides and isothiocyanates of various substitutions will forge the development of such kinds of heteropolymers. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Isopropylisothiocyanate (cas: 2253-73-8Application In Synthesis of Isopropylisothiocyanate).

Isopropylisothiocyanate (cas: 2253-73-8) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Application In Synthesis of Isopropylisothiocyanate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Coalescent formulation studies: Efficiency and partition rates was written by Arendt, William D.;Strepka, Arron M.;Gruszecki, Kristy. And the article was included in Proceedings of the International Waterborne, High-Solids, and Powder Coatings Symposium in 2001.Product Details of 5444-75-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (2EHB) was recently introduced to the coatings industry as a low odor, low volatility coalescent. The original architectural paint data indicated that 2EHB is an effective coalescent for latex paint, and some of the data indicated that 2EHB is more efficient than the 2,2,4-tri-Me, 1-3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate (TMB). This initial efficiency data suggested the need to better define the apparent efficiency of 2EHB, factors affecting efficiency and its measurement. It was decided to measure efficiency performance in paint as opposed to measurements in neat emulsion coalescent blends. The primary yardstick tests chosen were low temperature coalescence (by porosity determinations and visual assessment), scrub resistance (room temperature and low temperature dry), and low temperature touch up. The efficiency data developed confirms that overall 2EHB is about 25% more efficient than TMB. However, differences in formulations sometimes hide these efficiencies. For example, it was difficult measure efficiency in high PVC flats. Also, in some high T_g polymers, the partition rate of 2EHB was slower than TMB. This fact can mask efficiency. The chem. nature of 2EHB is different from the TMB and this difference, in a few instances, may require different formulation or processing strategies. Understanding of performance differences is necessary to fully exploit 2EHB’s potential as an efficient latex paint coalescent. Guidelines on maximizing the efficiency of 2EHB as a coalescent will be presented. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7Product Details of 5444-75-7).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Product Details of 5444-75-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics