Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Li, Ning published the artcileEsterification of levulinic acid in the production of fuel additives catalyzed by porous sulfonated carbon derived from pine needle, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is esterification levulinate fuel additive catalyst porous sulfonated carbon pine.

Pine needle derived porous sulfonated carbon is facilely synthesized and subsequently applied in the levulinic acid (LA) esterification with ethanol. Various preparation parameters are optimized to improve the catalytic efficiency. The resulting heterogeneous catalysts possess a hierarchical porous structure and a high acidic d. of 2.08 mmol g-1, leading to their high activity and superior recyclability. Under the present conditions, the initial activity is maintained as high as 91.3% even after six runs. This work verifies the porous biomass-derived sulfonated carbon are highly promising catalysts for the environmentally benign synthesis of Et levulinate fuel additive.

Catalysis Communications published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Potrich, E. published the artcileThermodynamic properties of formation estimated to biodiesel esters using gaussian quantum chemistry software and group contribution method of constantinou and gani, Recommanded Product: Methyl decanoate, the main research area is biodiesel ester Gaussian quantum chem constantinou gani thermodn property.

A lot of recent research has focused on the study of biocatalysts and nanocatalysts to improve biodiesel production However, knowledge of the thermodn. properties of the reaction components is necessary. In this work, the enthalpy of formation and Gibbs free energy of formation for Me to pentyl esters were calculated using the Gaussian quantum chem. software (model B3LYP/6-31G(d, p)) and the group contribution method of Constantinou and Gani (MCG). The values obtained by both methodologies present certain differences in relation to the values in the literature. Thus, three correction parameters, which were based on the number of atoms of 26 different mols., were estimated by minimizing the error function and later used to extrapolate the results to larger mols. of interest. After the use of the correction parameters, the mean deviation between the exptl. and calculated values by Gaussian was 0.723% for enthalpy and 1.087% for Gibbs, whereas for MCG, it was 1.324 and 2.540%, resp. As the methodol. proved to be efficient, the thermodn. properties of the formation of 23 esters that compose the biodiesel were estimated These properties are of great importance, mainly for the calculation of chem. equilibrium and reaction data in the development of new catalysts.

Chemical Industry & Chemical Engineering Quarterly published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Recommanded Product: Methyl decanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Bunushree, B. published the artcileQualitative analysis of biodiesel produced by alkali catalyzed transesterification of waste cooking oil using different alcohols, Name: Methyl octanoate, the main research area is biodiesel alkali catalyzed transesterification waste cooking oil alc.

The present study evaluates the nature of fatty acid Me esters (FAMEs) formed through alkali-catalyzed transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) using methanol, ethanol as well as in combination, where the sequential addition of ethanol followed by methanol is done keeping the molar ratio of alc. to oil constant (5:1), with sodium hydroxide as catalyst. A substantial reduction in reaction time from 8 h to 20 min is seen in the latter case. Further, the gas chromatog./mass spectrometry (GC-MS) anal. of the transesterified oil show a significant presence of FAMEs. Transesterified oil obtained from a combination of both the solvents show substantial quantities of unsaturated FAMEs [linoleic acids (41.89%), palmitelaidic acid (7.97%)], saturated FAMEs [stearic acids (4.62%), arachidic acids (2.54%)]and minor fraction of other acids. Hence, the utilization of WCO with the use of combined solvent system for transesterification, appear to have a great potential for replacing the conventional substrates that are being used for biodiesel production without much compromising on engine modifications.

Indian Journal of Chemical Technology published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Name: Methyl octanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Bunushree, B. published the artcileQualitative analysis of biodiesel produced by alkali catalyzed transesterification of waste cooking oil using different alcohols, HPLC of Formula: 929-77-1, the main research area is biodiesel alkali catalyzed transesterification waste cooking oil alc.

The present study evaluates the nature of fatty acid Me esters (FAMEs) formed through alkali-catalyzed transesterification of waste cooking oil (WCO) using methanol, ethanol as well as in combination, where the sequential addition of ethanol followed by methanol is done keeping the molar ratio of alc. to oil constant (5:1), with sodium hydroxide as catalyst. A substantial reduction in reaction time from 8 h to 20 min is seen in the latter case. Further, the gas chromatog./mass spectrometry (GC-MS) anal. of the transesterified oil show a significant presence of FAMEs. Transesterified oil obtained from a combination of both the solvents show substantial quantities of unsaturated FAMEs [linoleic acids (41.89%), palmitelaidic acid (7.97%)], saturated FAMEs [stearic acids (4.62%), arachidic acids (2.54%)]and minor fraction of other acids. Hence, the utilization of WCO with the use of combined solvent system for transesterification, appear to have a great potential for replacing the conventional substrates that are being used for biodiesel production without much compromising on engine modifications.

Indian Journal of Chemical Technology published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, HPLC of Formula: 929-77-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Jung, Sungyup published the artcileBiodiesel synthesis from bio-heavy oil through thermally induced transesterification, Recommanded Product: Methyl octanoate, the main research area is bioheavy oil thermal transesterification biodiesel synthesis.

A huge amount of a mixture of unreacted fatty acids and mono/di/triglycerides, namely bio-heavy oil, is generated as a waste from biodiesel industry. Considering that the lipid (i.e., triglycerides) accounts for 80% of the total biodiesel production cost, valorization of bio-heavy oil into biodiesel can be a viable route for enhancing the economic/environmental benefits. Nonetheless, the high contents of free fatty acids and impurities have restricted practical valorization of bio-heavy oil into biodiesel because conventional acid/base catalyzed transesterification suffers from the presence of the impurities. To overcome the tech. challenge, this study suggested a direct valorization platform for the conversion of bio-heavy oil into biodiesel via thermally induced transesterification. Prior to biodiesel production, the properties of bio-heavy oil, such as acid value (105 mg KOH g-1 bio-heavy oil), its elemental compositions and thermal stability were characterized. Acid-catalyzed transesterification with a H2SO4 catalyst showed the 31.1 wt% of biodiesel yield after 24 h of reaction at 60°C. However, thermally induced transesterification exhibited 59.3 wt% of biodiesel yield after 1 min of reaction at 400°C using a porous medium (SiO2) with no presence of a catalyst. The porous SiO2 (pore size: 6 nm) provided confined spaces for lipids and methanol, allowing the rapid transesterification reactions between them at high temperature The biodiesel yield from thermally induced transesterification was proportionate to reaction temperature by 360°C, but it decreased at > 400°C due to the chem. bond scissions of unsaturated hydrocarbons. C6-22 fatty acid Me esters (FAMEs) were produced from thermally induced (non-catalytic) transesterifications, and weight fractions of each FAMEs were constant, regardless of the reaction conditions at ≤ 400°C. All exptl. findings offer a new recycle platform for BHO into biodiesel.

Journal of Cleaner Production published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Recommanded Product: Methyl octanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lin, Xiaocheng published the artcileSelf-solidification ionic liquids as heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production, Synthetic Route of 110-42-9, the main research area is solidification ionic liquid heterogeneous catalyst biodiesel.

Different from the common ionic liquids (ILs) as homogeneous catalysts, solid ionic liquids (SILs) as heterogeneous catalysts are simply fabricated herein via an efficient one-step reaction for biodiesel production Specifically, low-cost aliphatic amines containing secondary and/or primary amine groups are selected as the starting materials followed by the reaction with 1,3-propane sultone under mild conditions to graft sulfonic acid (-SO3H) groups onto the final products. The -SO3H groups are divided into two types: the bonding -SO3H groups (zwitterion arising from the hydrogen bond between sulfonic acid groups and amine groups) make the products turn solid while the free -SO3H groups endow the products with catalytic activity. Such solid ionic liquids (SILs) present pronounced activity, excellent stability and reusability as heterogeneous catalysts in esterification of free fatty acids (FFAs), indicating great potential in biodiesel production because of their high performance and low cost.

Green Chemistry published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Synthetic Route of 110-42-9.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lin, Xiaocheng published the artcileSelf-solidification ionic liquids as heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production, Quality Control of 111-11-5, the main research area is solidification ionic liquid heterogeneous catalyst biodiesel.

Different from the common ionic liquids (ILs) as homogeneous catalysts, solid ionic liquids (SILs) as heterogeneous catalysts are simply fabricated herein via an efficient one-step reaction for biodiesel production Specifically, low-cost aliphatic amines containing secondary and/or primary amine groups are selected as the starting materials followed by the reaction with 1,3-propane sultone under mild conditions to graft sulfonic acid (-SO3H) groups onto the final products. The -SO3H groups are divided into two types: the bonding -SO3H groups (zwitterion arising from the hydrogen bond between sulfonic acid groups and amine groups) make the products turn solid while the free -SO3H groups endow the products with catalytic activity. Such solid ionic liquids (SILs) present pronounced activity, excellent stability and reusability as heterogeneous catalysts in esterification of free fatty acids (FFAs), indicating great potential in biodiesel production because of their high performance and low cost.

Green Chemistry published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Quality Control of 111-11-5.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Alviso, Dario published the artcilePrediction of biodiesel physico-chemical properties from its fatty acid composition using genetic programming, Recommanded Product: Methyl docosanoate, the main research area is biodiesel physicochem property fatty acid composition genetic programming.

This paper presents regression anal. of biodiesel physico-chem. properties as a function of fatty acid composition using an exptl. database. The study is done by using 48 edible and non-edible oils-based biodiesel available data. Regression equations are presented as a function of fatty acid composition (saturated and unsaturated Me esters). The physico-chem. properties studied are kinematic viscosity, flash point, cloud point, pour point (PP), cold filter plugging point, cetane (CN) and iodine numbers The regression technique chosen to carry out this work is genetic programming (GP). Unlike multiple linear regression (MLR) strategies available in literature, GP provides generic, non-parametric regression among variables. For all properties analyzed, the performance of the regression is systematically better for GP than MLR. Indeed, the RSME related to the exptl. database is lower for GP models, from ≈ 3% for CN to ≈ 55% for PP, in comparison to the best MLR model for each property. Particularly, most GP regression models reproduce correctly the dependence of properties on the saturated and unsaturated Me esters.

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Recommanded Product: Methyl docosanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Pengfei published the artcileDevelopment of a decoupling physical-chemical surrogate (DPCS) model for simulation of the spray and combustion of multi-component biodiesel fuels, Computed Properties of 110-42-9, the main research area is spray combustion multicomponent biodiesel fuel DPCS model.

A decoupling phys.-chem. surrogate (DPCS) model was established for simulation of the spray and combustion characteristics of multi-component biodiesel fuels. In the DPCS model, the phys. and chem. properties of biodiesel fuels are described sep. For the case study of soybean Me ester (SME), the phys. properties are represented based on the five primary components, i.e., Me palmitate, Me stearate, Me oleate, Me linoleate, and Me linoleate. Meanwhile, the chem. kinetics of SME are described by a skeletal reaction mechanism composed of Me decanoate, Me 5-decenoate, and n-decane. Furthermore, an improved quasi-dimensional multi-component vaporization model was applied to predict the fuel vaporization process. To validate the DPCS model, the predictions from the present model and the previous models are compared with the exptl. data, including the liquid penetration in a constant-volume bomb and the combustion and emission characteristics in a premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) engine. The results indicate that the predictions of the DPCS model agree better with the measurements than the previous models considering only the single-component phys. and/or single-component chem. properties of SME on the spray, ignition, and combustion behaviors. It is found that the ignition delay and heat release rate of PCCI combustion are dominated by the evaporation rate of SME and the fuel-reactivity stratification within the cylinder. By considering the multi-component properties of SME, the combustion and emission characteristics can be satisfactorily reproduced by the DPCS model. Meanwhile, the computational time can be well controlled due to the simplification of the phys. and chem. surrogate sub-models.

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Computed Properties of 110-42-9.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yang, Liping published the artcileAnalysis of cycle-to-cycle variations in a common-rail compression ignition engine fuelled with diesel and biodiesel fuels, Recommanded Product: Methyl decanoate, the main research area is diesel biodiesel fuel combustion compression ignition engine.

Using wavelet and fractal theories, cycle-to-cycle variations (CCVs) in a common-rail compression ignition (CI) engine have been investigated at engine loads of 25% and 50%, biodiesel blend level was from 0% to 100%. Wavelet power spectrums and singularity spectra were calculated to identify the dominant oscillatory combustion modes and multifractal complexity. Reaction paths and component consumption sensitivity of n-heptane and Me decanoate were studied to reveal the effect of biodiesel blend level on the combustion process of diesel fuel. Results reveal that the effect of biodiesel blend level on the CCVs is more significant at a low load, even when biodiesel blend level increases to 20%, the coefficients of variation decreases from 3.99% to 1.57%. The CCVs exhibit multiscale dynamics for all tested cases, and persistent high-frequency oscillations appear around a 16-cycle period persisting over the entire or several hundred of the engine cycles. As the biodiesel blend level increases, the periodic bands with the highest power were interrupted and combined with lower-frequency and high-frequency intermittent fluctuations. However, for the higher load, the dynamics of CCVs are mainly displayed in an intermittent fashion. The larger broadness of singularity spectra at higher engine loads suggests a higher degree of multifractality. For all of the tested cases, the dynamics of the CCVs behave like antipersistent walks. As a oxygenated fuel, biofuel substitution leads to increase of c7h15-1 concentration and radicals such as OH, O and H2O2, which are beneficial to decrease ignition delay and accelerate the chem. reaction rate of diesel fuel, and therefore inhibit the CCVs.

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Recommanded Product: Methyl decanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics