Author: Jessica.F

Application In Synthesis of 6H-Benzo[c]chromen-6-one. Cheng, KY; Cai, ZQ; Fu, J; Sun, XB; Sun, WL; Chen, L; Zhang, DD; Liu, W in [Cheng, Kaiyu] Zhejiang Univ, Ocean Coll, Zhoushan 316021, Peoples R China; [Cai, Zhengqing; Sun, Xianbo] East China Univ Sci & Technol, Natl Engn Lab High Concentrat Refractory Organ Wa, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China; [Cai, Zhengqing; Fu, Jie] Fudan Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China; [Sun, Weiliang] Tianjin Univ, Sch Chem Engn & Technol, Tianjin 300072, Peoples R China; [Chen, Long; Zhang, Dandan; Liu, Wen] Peking Univ, Key Lab Water & Sediment Sci, Minist Educ, Coll Environm Sci & Engn, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China published Synergistic adsorption of Cu(II) and photocatalytic degradation of phenanthrene by a jaboticaba-like TiO2/titanate nanotube composite: An experimental and theoretical study in 2019.0, Cited 66.0. The Name is 6H-Benzo[c]chromen-6-one. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 2005-10-9.

Combined water pollution with the coexistence of heavy metals and organic contaminants is of great concern for practical wastewater treatment. In this study, a jaboticaba-like nanocomposite, titanate nanotubes supported TiO2 (TiO2/TiNTs), was synthesized by a two-step hydrothermal treatment. TiO2 /TiNTs had large surface area, abundant of -ONa/H groups and fine crystal anatase phase, thus exhibited both good adsorptive performance for Cu(II) and high photocatalytic activity for phenanthrene degradation. The maximum Cu(II) adsorption capacity on TiO2/TiNTs was 115.0 mg/g at pH 5 according to Langmuir isotherm model, and > 95% of phenanthrene was degraded within 4 h under UV light. TiO2/TiNTs showed about 10 times higher observed rate constant (k(obs) ) for phenanthrene degradation compared to the unmodified TiNTs. More importantly, the coexistence of Cu(II) promoted photocatalytic degradation of phenanthrene, because the incorporated Cu(II) in the lattice of TiNTs could trap photo-excited electron and thus inhibited the electron-hole recombination. Density functional theory (DFT) calculation indicated that the sites of phenanthrene with high Fukui index (f(0)) preferred to be attacked by center dot OH radicals. The quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) analysis revealed that the degradation intermediates had lower acute toxicity and mutagenicity than phenanthrene. TiO2/TiNTs also owned high stability, as only slight loss of Cu(II) and phenanthrene removal efficiency was observed even after four reuse cycles. The developed material in this study is of great application potential for water or wastewater treatment with multi-contaminants, and this work can help us to better understand the mechanisms on reaction between Ti-based nanomaterials and different kinds of contaminants.

About 6H-Benzo[c]chromen-6-one, If you have any questions, you can contact Cheng, KY; Cai, ZQ; Fu, J; Sun, XB; Sun, WL; Chen, L; Zhang, DD; Liu, W or concate me.. HPLC of Formula: C13H8O2

Reference:
Article; Zhang, Jian; Shi, Dongdong; Zhang, Haifeng; Xu, Zheng; Bao, Hanyang; Jin, Hongwei; Liu, Yunkui; Tetrahedron; vol. 73; 2; (2017); p. 154 – 163;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

An article Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of 2,5-dihydrofurans using synergistic bifunctional Ag catalysis WOS:000488525800010 published article about STEREOSELECTIVE REACTIONS; ALKYNES; ACID; CYCLOPROPENATION; CYCLOADDITION; AMPLIFICATION; ALDEHYDES; STRATEGY; RH in [Shi, Taoda; Teng, Shenghan] East China Normal Univ, Shanghai Engn Res Ctr Mol Therapeut & New Drug De, Sch Chem & Chem Engn, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China; [Shi, Taoda; Zhang, Yueteng; Moore, Kohlson T.; Buckley, Thomas; Mason, Damian J.; Wang, Wei; Chapman, Eli] Univ Arizona, Coll Pharm, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA; [Reddy, Alavala Gopi Krishna; Hu, Wenhao] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China; [Guo, Xin] Wenzhou Med Univ, Sch Pharmaceut Sci, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China in 2019.0, Cited 46.0. The Name is Methyl 3-phenylpropionate. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 103-25-3. Computed Properties of C10H12O2

We report a bifunctional Ag catalyst promoted intramolecular capture of oxonium ylides with alkynes for the enantioselective synthesis of 2,5-dihydrofurans. This represents unprecedented synergistic catalysis of a bifunctional Ag catalyst. Mechanistic studies revealed that [(R)-3,5-DM-BINAP](AgSbF6)(2) (9) is likely to be the active catalytic species and that the reaction involves second order kinetics with respect to 9, suggesting that two molecules of 9 are involved in the intramolecular trapping of a Ag-associated oxonium ylide with a Ag-activated alkyne. Based on our mechanistic hypothesis, we further optimized the reaction, rendering a facile approach to 2,5-dihydrofurans in good to excellent yields in a highly chemo- and enantioselective fashion.

About Methyl 3-phenylpropionate, If you have any questions, you can contact Shi, TD; Teng, SH; Reddy, AGK; Guo, X; Zhang, YT; Moore, KT; Buckley, T; Mason, DJ; Wang, W; Chapman, E; Hu, WH or concate me.. Recommanded Product: Methyl 3-phenylpropionate

Reference:
Patent; SANOFI; US2011/294788; (2011); A1;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

An article Rhodium(III)-catalyzed regioselective C-H nitrosation/annulation of unsymmetrical azobenzenes to synthesize benzotriazole N-oxides via a Rh-III/Rh-III redox-neutral pathway WOS:000650994000004 published article about DIRECT ARYLATION; BOND; ACTIVATION; MILD; FUNCTIONALIZATION; ISOQUINOLINE; COPOLYMERS; ALKYNES; RH(III); OXIMES in [Zhang, Yuanfei; Chen, Zhe-Ning; Su, Weiping] Chinese Acad Sci, Fujian Inst Res Struct Matter, State Key Lab Struct Chem, Fuzhou 350002, Peoples R China; [Zhang, Yuanfei] Nanning Normal Univ, Guangxi Key Lab Nat Polymer Chem & Phys, Nanning 530001, Peoples R China in 2021, Cited 49. Computed Properties of C10H11NO4. The Name is Dimethyl 5-aminoisophthalate. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 99-27-4

A Rh(III)-catalyzed regioselective C-H nitrosation/annulation reaction of unsymmetrical azobenzenes with [NO][BF4] has been developed to achieve high-yielding syntheses of benzotriazole N-oxides with excellent functional group tolerance. Computational studies have revealed that this oxidative C-H functionalization reaction involves an interesting redox-neutral Rh(III)/Rh(III) pathway without the change of Rh oxidation state. (C) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

About Dimethyl 5-aminoisophthalate, If you have any questions, you can contact Zhang, YF; Chen, ZN; Su, WP or concate me.. Product Details of 99-27-4

Reference:
Patent; ASTRA ZENECA AB; NPS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; WO2004/14881; (2004); A2;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

HPLC of Formula: C10H10O2. In 2019.0 FRONT PHARMACOL published article about JASMINOIDES-ELLIS; GENIPOSIDE; TLR4; LPS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; SUPPLEMENTATION; MACROPHAGES; COLITIS; BARRIER; FRUITS in [Cui, Yizhe; Wang, Qiuju; Wang, Mengzhu; Jia, Junfeng; Wu, Rui] Heilongjiang Bayi Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Daqing, Peoples R China in 2019.0, Cited 36.0. The Name is Methyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 103-26-4.

Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, which belongs to the Rubiaceae family, is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine. Although effect of Gardenia jasminoides Ellis has been widely reported, its anti-inflammatory role in intestinal mucosal injury induced by LPS remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of decoction extracted from Gardenia jasminoides on the morphology and intestinal antioxidant capacity of duodenum induced by LPS in mice. Further analysis was carried out in the expression of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) was determined by Western blot. Gardenia jasminoides water extract was qualitative analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with electro spray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The results showed that Gardenia decoction markedly inhibited the LPS-induced Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and IL-1 production. It was also observed that Gardenia decoction attenuated duodenum histopathology changes in the mouse models. Furthermore, Gardenia decoction inhibited the expression of NF-kappa B in LPS stimulated mouse duodenum. These results suggest that Gardenia decoction exerts an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant property by up-regulating the activities of the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), the total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Gardenia decoction is highly effective in inhibiting intestinal mucosal damage and may be a promising potential therapeutic reagent for intestinal mucosal damage treatment.

HPLC of Formula: C10H10O2. About Methyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate, If you have any questions, you can contact Cui, YZ; Wang, QJ; Wang, MZ; Jia, JF; Wu, R or concate me.

Reference:
Article; Weng, Shiue-Shien; Ke, Chih-Shueh; Chen, Fong-Kuang; Lyu, You-Fu; Lin, Guan-Ying; Tetrahedron; vol. 67; 9; (2011); p. 1640 – 1648;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

An article The direct observation of the doorway (1)n pi* state of methylcinnamate and hydrogen-bonding effects on the photochemistry of cinnamate-based sunscreens WOS:000487555400078 published article about PHOTOACTIVE YELLOW PROTEIN; CLUSTER-EXPANSION; EXCITED-STATES; WAVE-FUNCTION; ECTOTHIORHODOSPIRA-HALOPHILA; HYDRATED COMPLEX; METHYL CINNAMATE; SINAPIC ACID; DYNAMICS; SAC in [Kinoshita, Shin-nosuke; Inokuchi, Yoshiya; Onitsuka, Yuuki; Kohguchi, Hiroshi; Ebata, Takayuki] Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Dept Chem, Higashihiroshima 7398526, Japan; [Akai, Nobuyuki] Tokyo Univ Agr & Technol, Grad Sch Bioapplicat & Syst Engn BASE, Naka Cho, Koganei, Tokyo 1848588, Japan; [Shiraogawa, Takafumi; Ehara, Masahiro] SOKENDAI, Grad Univ Adv Studies, Okazaki, Aichi 4448585, Japan; [Ehara, Masahiro] Inst Mol Sci & Res Ctr Computat Sci, 38 Myodayi, Okazaki, Aichi 4448585, Japan; [Yamazaki, Kaoru] Tohoku Univ, Inst Mat Res, Aoba Ku, Katahira 2-1-1, Sendai, Miyagi 9808577, Japan; [Harabuchi, Yu; Maeda, Satoshi] Hokkaido Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600810, Japan; [Harabuchi, Yu] JST, PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 3320012, Japan; [Harabuchi, Yu; Maeda, Satoshi] Hokkaido Univ, Inst Chem React Design & Discovery WPI ICReDD, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0010021, Japan in 2019.0, Cited 56.0. SDS of cas: 103-26-4. The Name is Methyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 103-26-4

The electronic states and photochemistry including nonradiative decay (NRD) and trans(E) -> cis(Z) isomerization of methylcinnamate (MC) and its hydrogen-bonded complex with methanol have been investigated under jet-cooled conditions. S-1((1)n pi*) and S-2((1)pi pi*) are directly observed in MC. This is the first direct observation of S-1(1n pi*) in cinnamate derivatives. Surprisingly, the order of the energies between the n pi* and pi pi* states is opposite to substituted cinnamates. TD-DFT and SAC-CI calculations support the observed result and show that the substitution to the benzene ring largely lowers the (1)pi pi* energy while the effect on (1)n pi* is rather small. The S-2(pi pi*) state lifetime of MC is determined to be equal to or shorter than 10 ps, and the production of the transient T-1 state is observed. The T-1(pi pi*) state is calculated to have a structure in which propenyl C=C is twisted by 90 degrees, suggesting the trans -> cis isomerization proceeds via T-1. The production of the cis isomer is confirmed by low-temperature matrix-isolated FTIR spectroscopy. The effect of H-bonding is examined for the MC-methanol complex. The S-2 lifetime of MC-methanol is determined to be 180 ps, indicating that the H-bonding to the C=O group largely prohibits the (1)pi pi* -> (1)n pi* internal conversion. This lifetime elongation in the methanol complex also describes well a higher fluorescence quantum yield of MC in methanol solution than in cyclohexane, while such a solvent dependence is not observed in para-substituted MC. Determination of the photochemical reaction pathways of MC and MC-methanol will help us to design photofunctional cinnamate derivatives.

About Methyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate, If you have any questions, you can contact Kinoshita, S; Inokuchi, Y; Onitsuka, Y; Kohguchi, H; Akai, N; Shiraogawa, T; Ehara, M; Yamazaki, K; Harabuchi, Y; Maeda, S; Ebata, T or concate me.. Product Details of 103-26-4

Reference:
Article; Weng, Shiue-Shien; Ke, Chih-Shueh; Chen, Fong-Kuang; Lyu, You-Fu; Lin, Guan-Ying; Tetrahedron; vol. 67; 9; (2011); p. 1640 – 1648;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pearce, KG; Crossley, IR in [Pearce, Kyle G.; Crossley, Ian R.] Univ Sussex, Dept Chem, Brighton BN1 9QJ, E Sussex, England published Diphosphametacyclophanes: Structural and Electronic Influences of Substituent Variation within a Family of Bis(diketophosphanyl) Macrocycles in 2020, Cited 79. COA of Formula: C10H11NO4. The Name is Dimethyl 5-aminoisophthalate. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 99-27-4.

The condensation of MeP(SiMe3)(2) with a series of 5-substituted isophthaloyl chlorides (5-R’C6H3-2,6-{C(O)Cl}(2)) affords the diphosphametacyclophanes m-{-C(O)-C6H3-5-R’-(C(O)PMe)}(2) (R’ = I, Me, tBu, Ph, and p-NCC6H4); the analogues m-{-C(O)-C5H3N-(C(O)PMe)}(2) and m-{-C(O)-C6H4-(C(O)PPh)}(2) are similarly obtained in preference to higher oligomers, in contrast to precedent reports. The cyclophanes all adopt butterfly-like conformations in the solid state with the P-organyl substituents adopting mutually exo arrangements. Structural and computational data suggest the nature of the 5-R substituent is key in directing the inter-ring angle and the extent of LUMO stabilization about the diketophophanyl scaffold. The latter is substantiated by UV/vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry, which demonstrate these cyclophanes to be appreciably comparable to the diketophosphanyl systems commonly explored in the context of organic electronic materials; intriguingly, the distinct dikeophosphanyl moieties within the macrocycles appear effectively insulated by the macrocycle geometry, rather than acting as a through-conjugate.

COA of Formula: C10H11NO4. About Dimethyl 5-aminoisophthalate, If you have any questions, you can contact Pearce, KG; Crossley, IR or concate me.

Reference:
Patent; ASTRA ZENECA AB; NPS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; WO2004/14881; (2004); A2;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

An article Hydrosilane-Promoted Facile Deprotection of tert-Butyl Groups in Esters, Ethers, Carbonates, and Carbamates WOS:000459822800003 published article about SILANE-REDUCTION; HECK REACTIONS; PALLADIUM; CLEAVAGE; CLUSTER; POLYMERIZATION; ALDEHYDES; REMOVAL in [Ikeda, Takuya; Zhang, Zhenzhong; Motoyama, Yukihiro] Toyota Technol Inst, Dept Adv Sci & Technol, Nagoya, Aichi 4688511, Japan in 2019.0, Cited 22.0. Product Details of 103-25-3. The Name is Methyl 3-phenylpropionate. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 103-25-3

Combination of PdCl2 with 1,1,3,3-tetramethyldisiloxane in the presence of activated carbon was found to be an effective catalyst system for the cleavage reaction of C-O bond of O-t-Bu moieties. The present catalytic reaction offers a practical method for the deprotection of tert-butyl esters, tert-butyl ethers, O-Boc, and N-Boc derivatives under mild conditions. The addition of activated carbon in the reaction mixture was proved to be crucial for not only sustaining the catalytic activity but also trapping the palladium species after the reaction.

Product Details of 103-25-3. About Methyl 3-phenylpropionate, If you have any questions, you can contact Ikeda, T; Zhang, ZZ; Motoyama, Y or concate me.

Reference:
Patent; SANOFI; US2011/294788; (2011); A1;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

I found the field of Chemistry very interesting. Saw the article Mesityl or Imide Acridinium Photocatalysts: Accessible Versus Inaccessible Charge-Transfer States in Photoredox Catalysis published in 2019.0. Recommanded Product: 2005-10-9, Reprint Addresses Aleman, J (corresponding author), Univ Autonoma Madrid, Fac Ciencias, Organ Chem Dept, Modulo 1,Calle Francisco Tomcis y Valiente 7, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.; Mancheno, OG (corresponding author), Univ Munster, Organ Chem Inst, Corrensstr 40, D-48149 Munster, Germany.; Aleman, J (corresponding author), Univ Autonoma Madrid, Fac Ciencias, Inst Adv Res Chem Sci IAdChem, Calle Francisco Tomcis y Valiente 7, E-28049 Madrid, Spain.. The CAS is 2005-10-9. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 6H-Benzo[c]chromen-6-one

A study on C9-imide acridinium photocatalysts with enhanced photoredox catalytic activity with respect to the well-established C9-mesityl acridinium salt is presented. The differences observed rely on the diverse accessibility of singlet charge-transfer excited states, which have been proven by CASPT2/CASSCF calculations, fluorescence and quenching studies.

Recommanded Product: 2005-10-9. About 6H-Benzo[c]chromen-6-one, If you have any questions, you can contact Gini, A; Rigotti, T; Perez-Ruiz, R; Uygur, M; Mas-Balleste, R; Corral, I; Martinez-Fernandez, L; O’Shea, VAD; Mancheno, OG; Aleman, J or concate me.

Reference:
Article; Zhang, Jian; Shi, Dongdong; Zhang, Haifeng; Xu, Zheng; Bao, Hanyang; Jin, Hongwei; Liu, Yunkui; Tetrahedron; vol. 73; 2; (2017); p. 154 – 163;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

An article Design, Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationships of Plant-Based 2-Aryl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2-iums as Potential Antifungal Agents WOS:000486906400026 published article about SANGUINARINE; SALTS in [Chen, Wei; Zuo, Huailong; Liu, Jiang; Zhou, Xianli] Southwest Jiaotong Univ, Sch Lifer Sci & Engn, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, Peoples R China; [Li, Yuxin] Nankai Univ, State Key Lab Elementoorgan Chem, Tianjin 300071, Peoples R China in 2019, Cited 17. The Name is Dimethyl 5-aminoisophthalate. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 99-27-4. Name: Dimethyl 5-aminoisophthalate

In order to discover more potent antifungal, a series of 2-aryl-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2-iums were reasonable designed and productive synthesized by introducing benzoic acid and phenol pharmacophores into the 2-position of isoquinoline. Their structures were identified by NMR and HRMS. The preliminary in vitro antifungal results showed that most of the title compounds exhibited moderate to significant inhibitory activities against various phytopathogenic fungi at 50 mu g.mL(-1), and were equal to controls (chlorothalonil, carbendazim). The concentration of 50% inhibition rate (EC50]) of 2-(3-ethoxycarbonyl-phenyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2-ium (4j) against R. solani was 3.8495 mu g.mL(-1), which was significantly superior to chlorothalonil (4.6328 mu g.mL(-1)). All the EC50 values of 5 compounds (7.4583 similar to 15.4495 mu g.mL(-1)) against R. cerealis were better than chlorothalonil (16.0137 mu g.mL(-1)), and 2-(4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)-3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2-ium (4f) is the best one. The present results provide valuable information for development of plant-based antifungal agents.

Name: Dimethyl 5-aminoisophthalate. About Dimethyl 5-aminoisophthalate, If you have any questions, you can contact Chen, W; Zuo, HL; Li, YX; Liu, J; Zhou, XL or concate me.

Reference:
Patent; ASTRA ZENECA AB; NPS PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.; WO2004/14881; (2004); A2;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

An article Nickel salt of phosphomolybdic acid as a bi-functional homogeneous recyclable catalyst for base free transformation of aldehyde into ester WOS:000542724200049 published article about POT OXIDATIVE ESTERIFICATION; IONIC LIQUID; MULTICOMPONENT REACTIONS; SELECTIVE OXIDATION; HETEROGENEOUS CATALYSTS; BIGINELLI COMPOUNDS; AEROBIC OXIDATION; CESIUM SALT; KEGGIN; CHEMISTRY in [Patel, Anjali; Patel, Jay] Maharaja Sayajirao Univ Baroda, Fac Sci, Dept Chem, Polyoxometalates & Catalysis Lab, Vadodara 390002, India in 2020, Cited 71. Computed Properties of C10H10O2. The Name is Methyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate. Through research, I have a further understanding and discovery of 103-26-4

A Ni salt of phosphomolybdic acid (NiHPMA) was synthesized and characterized by various physico-chemical techniques such as EDX, UV-Visible spectroscopy, FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy and XPS. FT-IR and Raman spectroscopy confirm the presence of Ni as a counter cation while UV-Visible and XPS studies to confirm the presence of Ni(ii) in the catalyst. The catalyst was evaluated for its bi-functional activity towards the tandem conversion of benzaldehyde to ethyl benzoate and it was found that very small amounts of Ni (2.64 x 10(-3)mmol) enhance the selectivity towards benzoate. A detailed mechanistic study was carried out by UV-Visible and Raman spectroscopy to confirm that both intermediate species, Mo-peroxo and Ni-oxo, are responsible for higher selectivity towards esters. Further, a study to determine the effect of addenda atoms (heteropoly acid) was also carried out. The catalyst was also found to be viable for a number of aldehydes under optimized conditions.

About Methyl 3-phenyl-2-propenoate, If you have any questions, you can contact Patel, A; Patel, J or concate me.. Recommanded Product: 103-26-4

Reference:
Article; Weng, Shiue-Shien; Ke, Chih-Shueh; Chen, Fong-Kuang; Lyu, You-Fu; Lin, Guan-Ying; Tetrahedron; vol. 67; 9; (2011); p. 1640 – 1648;,
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics