Month: December 2022

Pandiangan, Kamisah D. published the artcileProduction of magnesium oxides from raw salt solution using electrochemical precipitation method as a heterogeneous catalyst for transesterification of coconut oil, Application In Synthesis of 110-42-9, the main research area is coconut oil magnesium oxide electrochem precipitation transesterification.

This study was conducted to explore the production of magnesium oxide from raw salt solution using electrochem. precipitation, followed by calcination. Electrochem. precipitation was conducted by electrolysis of the salt solution using nickel rods as cathodes and graphite as anodes. Two sets of salt solutions were prepared: one set without pretreatment and another with BaCl2 pretreatment. The solutions were used to study the effect of salt concentration, potential, and electrolysis time. The representatives of the MgO produced were tested as catalysts for transesterification of coconut oil. The results indicate that optimum mass of precipitate was produced from 400 mg/L salt solution electrolyzed using 8 V for 60 min. Elemental anal. using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) revealed the presence of Mg as the main component of the precipitate, confirming the electrochem. conversion of Mg2+ into solid Mg(OH)2. The MgO with the purity of 74.23% and 88.87% was produced from non-pretreated and pretreated salt solution, resp. The transesterification experiments indicate that the yield of 90% and 98% was achieved using the MgO produced from non-pretreated and pretreated salt solution, resp.

Revista de Chimie (Bucharest, Romania) published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Application In Synthesis of 110-42-9.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Jindapon, Wayu published the artcileContinuous production of fatty acid methyl esters and high-purity glycerol over a dolomite-derived extrudate catalyst in a countercurrent-flow trickle-bed reactor, Name: Methyl decanoate, the main research area is biodiesel fatty acid methyl ester palm oil transesterification catalyst; calcium magnesium oxide catalyst countercurrent flow trickle bed reactor.

In this work, fatty acid Me esters (FAME), as biodiesel components, were continuously produced via the heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification of palm oil with methanol vapor in a countercurrent-flow trickle-bed reactor. Dolomitic rock was used as natural calcium source in the preparation of the calcium oxide-based extrudate catalyst via a phys. mixing method. Effects of operating parameters on the FAME yield and the two-phase flow behavior were investigated. The reaction system was characterized by a high mass diffusion resistance at gas-liquid-solid interfaces due to the low solubility of methanol in triglycerides and the high viscosity of oil. Mixing palm oil with com. grade Me decanoate, a C10 Me ester (C10 CME), at a 1:1 mass ratio during the start-up period promoted FAME production The FAME yield was enhanced by increasing the operating temperature and the methanol flow rate, while operation at a high oil flow rate severely decreased the FAME yield. The concentration of C10 CME, which acted as an emulsifier, in the catalyst bed was crucial to maintain the FAME production stability. In addition to a high FAME yield (ca. 92.3 wt%), the system provided glycerol, obtained without any washing, at a high purity of 93.6 wt%.

Renewable Energy published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Name: Methyl decanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cao, Xiyue published the artcileOne-step direct transesterification of wet yeast for biodiesel production catalyzed by magnetic nanoparticle-immobilized lipase, Recommanded Product: Methyl docosanoate, the main research area is lipase wet yeast biodiesel magnetic nanoparticle transesterification.

To develop a method for direct transesterification of wet yeast using immobilized lipase, the oleaginous yeast Saitozyma podzolica Zwy-2-3 and the lipase producing Burkholderia pyrrolica WZ10-3 were used as materials for production of biodiesel. Fe3O4@SiO2-CHO prepared by modifying Fe3O4 with TEOS, APTES and glutaraldehyde. The biocatalysts covalently cross-linked with WZ10-3 lipase by Fe3O4@SiO2-CHO were characterized by FTIR, XRD and TEM. When the enzyme dosage, glutaraldehyde concentration, temperature and time were 30.22 mL, 2.0%, 40°C and 4 h, the immobilized lipase activity and immobilization rate reached 10038.0 U/g and 96.9%, resp. The optimum temperatures for immobilized and free lipase were 60 degrees and 40 degrees. The immobilized enzyme still had 80% enzymic activity after 48 d storage at 4°C. The optimized conditions for the direct conversion of immobilized lipase to esterified wet yeast (one-step) were: enzyme dosage 2.5 g, reaction temperature 35°C; water content 15%; and molar ratio of n-hexane to methanol 3: 1. The transesterification rates of one-step method for oil and biomass were 98.12% and 56.11%, resp. In contrast, the two-step method was only 88.75% and 51.21%. The immobilized enzyme had 90% enzyme activity after 10 times of reuse.

Renewable Energy published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Recommanded Product: Methyl docosanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhan, Taotao published the artcileSpeed of Sound and Derivative Properties of Ethyl Laurate from Rayleigh-Brillouin Light-Scattering Spectroscopy, Synthetic Route of 110-42-9, the main research area is ethyl laurate sound velocity Rayleigh Brillouin light scattering.

The exptl. speeds of sound combined with Brillouin frequency shifts of Et laurate at temperatures from 294.97 to 572.89 K along six isobaric lines from 0.1 to 10.0 MPa were measured by Rayleigh-Brillouin light-scattering spectroscopy. The expanded relative uncertainty in the reported speeds of sound in Et laurate is estimated to be 1.3% (coverage factor k = 2 with a confidence level of 0.95). Within the temperature limits of 303.15-383.15 K and at pressures up to 10.0 MPa, the derived thermoacoustic properties of Et laurate including d., specific isobaric heat capacity, isentropic compressibility, isobaric thermal expansivity, isothermal compressibility, the difference in isobaric and isochoric heat capacity, internal pressure, and intermol. free length were studied. Because of the heavily updated data of d. and the speed of sound in the literature, a modified Jacobson’s model for biodiesels was proposed over the temperature range from 293.15 to 343.15 K, which is able to calculate the intermol. free length of Et laurate with higher accuracy compared with Jacobson’s model.

Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Synthetic Route of 110-42-9.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Dandajeh, Hamisu Adamu published the artcileEffect of equalising ignition delay on combustion and soot emission characteristics of model fuel blends, Application of Methyl decanoate, the main research area is fuel blend equalizing ignition delay combustion soot emission.

This paper examines the effect of equalizing ignition delay in a compression ignition engine. Two sets of tests were conducted, i.e. a set of constant injection timing tests with start of fuel injection at 10° crank angle degree (CAD) before top dead center (BTDC) and a set of constant ignition timing tests while also keeping the 10° CAD BTDC injection and adding ignition improver (2-ethylhexylnitrate-, 2-EHN) to the fuel mixtures Soot particles were characterized using DMS-500 instrument in terms of mass, size, and number The exptl. results showed that adding 2-EHN to the model fuel blends reduced the soot surface area, soot mass concentration and soot mean size. Replacing 20 vol% of a C7-heptane with 20 vol% methyl-decanoate (an oxygenated C11 mol.) did not affect the ignition delay or rate of fuel air premixing, the peak in-cylinder pressure or heat release rates. Toluene addition (0-22.5 vol%) to heptane increased the mean size of the soot particles generated by only 3% while also resulted in a slight increase in the peak cylinder pressure and peak heat release rates. Blending toluene and methyl-decanoate into heptane without adding 2-EHN increased the premix phase fraction by at least 13%. However, by adding 2-EHN (4×10-4-1.5×10-3), the premixed phase fraction decreased by at least 11%.

Journal of Central South University (English Edition) published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Application of Methyl decanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Naser, Jamil published the artcileRegeneration of spent bleaching earth and conversion of recovered oil to biodiesel, HPLC of Formula: 111-11-5, the main research area is oil biodiesel conversion spent bleaching; Biodiesel; Bleaching; Pyrolysis; Regenerated bleaching earth (RBE); Spent bleaching earth (SBE); Vegetable oil.

A large amount of spent bleaching earth (SBE) solid waste is generated by the vegetable oil refining industry. This spent bleaching earth contains entrapped crude oil and in most cases, it is disposed of in its pristine state, which is considered an environmental hazard. In this work, the regeneration of SBE by pyrolysis or solvent extraction, and the conversion of the recovered entrapped vegetable oil to biodiesel are investigated. The entrapped oil was extracted using n-hexane, methanol or steam as solvents, and the SBE was regenerated by pyrolysis under inert environment of Nitrogen at 450°C, 550°C and 650°C. After oil extraction, the regenerated bleaching earth (RBE) was activated and employed in virgin vegetable oil bleaching. Peroxide activated samples of methanol-extracted and pyrolyzed regenerated bleaching earth at 450°C and 650°C exhibit superior bleaching property; demonstrating that the SBE could be regenerated to have superior bleaching capacity over fresh bleaching earth. Thermogravimetric anal. (TGA) and Fourier transform IR (FTIR) anal. of the SBE show that methanol extracted 23.5% out of the 35% residual oil (i.e. 67% efficiency) compared to 15.7% (i.e. 45% efficiency) by n-hexane, while pyrolysis extracted 33% out of the 35% residual oil (i.e. 95% efficiency). GC-MS anal. of the produced biodiesel shows that the n-hexane extracted oil produces more fatty acid Me esters (FAME). Therefore, the choice of solvent depends on the intended application; as methanol regenerates the SBE better while retaining its adsorptive properties, while n-hexane gives a better biodiesel yield.

Waste Management (Oxford, United Kingdom) published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, HPLC of Formula: 111-11-5.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Nahar, Sharifun published the artcileNoninvasive, label-free, and quantitative monitoring of lipase kinetics using terahertz emission technology, Recommanded Product: Methyl octanoate, the main research area is noninvasive quant monitoring lipase kinetics terahertz emission technol; Candida antarctica lipase B; enzyme assay; esterase; horseradish peroxidase; milk; terahertz emission.

Enzymes catalyze chem. transformations of great importance in many fields, and anal. of the rate of these transformations is equally important. The latter are typically monitored using surrogate substrates that produce quantifiable optical signals, owing to limitations associated with “”label-free”” techniques that could be used to monitor the transformation of original substrate mols. In this study, terahertz (THz) emission technol. is used as a noninvasive and label-free technique to monitor the kinetics of lipase-induced hydrolysis of several substrate mols. (including the complex substrate whole cow’s milk) and horseradish peroxidase-catalyzed oxidation of o-phenylenediamine in the presence of H2O2. This technique was found to be quant., and kinetic parameters are compared to those obtained by proton NMR spectroscopy or UV/Vis spectroscopy. This study sets the stage for investigating THz emission technol. as a tool for research and development involving enzymes, and for monitoring industrial processes in the food, cosmetic, detergent, pharmaceutical, and biodiesel sectors.

Biotechnology and Bioengineering published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Recommanded Product: Methyl octanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Dalvi, Sanjaykumar published the artcileBiodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester) from Chlorococcalean Chlorella vulgaris by single step in-situ transesterification, Recommanded Product: Methyl decanoate, the main research area is fatty acid methyl ester transesterification algae assessment.

To study the single step in-situ transesterification process for synthesis of fatty acid Me ester (biodiesel) from microalgae biomass Chlorococcalean Chlorella vulgaris. The growth and lipid productivity of an isolated microalgae C. vulgaris were studied under Chu’s 10 modified media under phototrophic cultivation conditions. In-situ transesterification of this dry biomass with methanol in presence of base catalyst at 60° C was carried out to investigate the fatty acid Me ester’s biochem. composition by FTIR & anal. performed using GCMS technique. The cetane number was also calculated The biodiesel fraction from C. vulgaris biomass was found to be 85.58%. The 43.40% lipid fraction was obtained from the biomass of C. vulgaris. In the in-situ transesterification process, the optimal concentration of potassium hydroxide (KOH) and methanol yields an 85.58 percent biodiesel fraction. The presence of lipid compounds and the biochem. composition of fatty acid Me ester were verified with the help of FTIR spectral anal. The gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry anal. explores the fatty acid Me ester profile, which comprises 29.05% and 56.54 percent saturated and unsaturated FAMEs. Through GCMS, the fatty acid Me ester composition of C. vulgaris microalgae species was revealed through six types of fatty acid Me esters, of which 54.95%, 11-octadecenoic acid Me ester, is the dominant one. The cetane number of C. vulgaris biodiesel was determined to be 67.726; this is comparable to diesel fuel according to ASTM-D613, and the presence of a higher fatty acid Me ester composition indicates favorable biofuel qualities. The calculation of cetane number by theor. method and affirmation of ecofriendly single step in-situ transesterification method for biodiesel production

Indian Journal of Science and Technology published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Recommanded Product: Methyl decanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Dalvi, Sanjaykumar published the artcileBiodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester) from Chlorococcalean Chlorella vulgaris by single step in-situ transesterification, Name: Methyl octanoate, the main research area is fatty acid methyl ester transesterification algae assessment.

To study the single step in-situ transesterification process for synthesis of fatty acid Me ester (biodiesel) from microalgae biomass Chlorococcalean Chlorella vulgaris. The growth and lipid productivity of an isolated microalgae C. vulgaris were studied under Chu’s 10 modified media under phototrophic cultivation conditions. In-situ transesterification of this dry biomass with methanol in presence of base catalyst at 60° C was carried out to investigate the fatty acid Me ester’s biochem. composition by FTIR & anal. performed using GCMS technique. The cetane number was also calculated The biodiesel fraction from C. vulgaris biomass was found to be 85.58%. The 43.40% lipid fraction was obtained from the biomass of C. vulgaris. In the in-situ transesterification process, the optimal concentration of potassium hydroxide (KOH) and methanol yields an 85.58 percent biodiesel fraction. The presence of lipid compounds and the biochem. composition of fatty acid Me ester were verified with the help of FTIR spectral anal. The gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry anal. explores the fatty acid Me ester profile, which comprises 29.05% and 56.54 percent saturated and unsaturated FAMEs. Through GCMS, the fatty acid Me ester composition of C. vulgaris microalgae species was revealed through six types of fatty acid Me esters, of which 54.95%, 11-octadecenoic acid Me ester, is the dominant one. The cetane number of C. vulgaris biodiesel was determined to be 67.726; this is comparable to diesel fuel according to ASTM-D613, and the presence of a higher fatty acid Me ester composition indicates favorable biofuel qualities. The calculation of cetane number by theor. method and affirmation of ecofriendly single step in-situ transesterification method for biodiesel production

Indian Journal of Science and Technology published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Name: Methyl octanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cahyo Kumoro, Andri published the artcileUltrasound-assisted transesterification of tropical goat fat – Palm oil blend for biodiesel synthesis, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is tropical goat fat palm oil blend biodiesel synthesis.

The increasing trend of global energy demand has encouraged the development of renewable energies, especially those derived from biomass and agricultural residues. This work aimed to study the effect of catalyst loading, temperature, and methanol-to-oil molar ratio on the yield and the reaction kinetics of ultrasound-assisted transesterification of tropical goat fats for biodiesel synthesis. Prior to trans-esterification, the oil extracted from the tropical goat fat was mixed with an equal volume of tropical palm oil to prevent its solidification tendency. To reduce the free fatty acids content of the mixed oil, it was esterified using a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 9 employing 1 wt% sulfuric acid as the catalyst at 65 °C and 400 rpm agitation speed for 60 min. Then, the esterified oil was further subjected to an ultrasound-assisted transesterification system with sodium hydroxide catalyst for the reaction kinetics and biodiesel synthesis studies. The biodiesel properties were evaluated by both laboratory tests and BiodieselAnalyzer software, which employs the fatty acid Me ester composition obtained from GC-MS anal. The highest conversion (78.50%) was achieved at 65 °C, 2.5 wt% of NaOH, and 8:1 methanol/oil blend molar ratio for 60 min. The pseudo-first order reaction fitted all the exptl. data very well by giving the R2 values higher than 0.98 and an apparent reaction rate constant of 2.15×10-2 min-1 at the optimum condition. Furthermore, all the examined biodiesel physicochem. properties fulfilled the ASTM D6751 standard suggesting the promising potential of goat fats as the raw material for biodiesel manufacture

Energy Conversion and Management: X published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics