Month: December 2022

Vellaiyan, Suresh published the artcileWater in waste-derived oil emulsion fuel with cetane improver: Formulation, characterization and its optimization for efficient and cleaner production, Quality Control of 929-77-1, the main research area is cetane water oil emulsion fuel optimization cleaner production.

The present study aims to formulate the water emulsified waste-derived biodiesel with cetane improver and find its optimum concentration for an efficient and cleaner production from the diesel engines. A waste-derived Lemon peel oil (LPO) is emulsified in diesel fuel along with water, and 2-Ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN). Four levels of each parameter have been chosen for the fuel preparation The experiments are performed in a naturally aspirated diesel engine at maximum brake power conditions based on the L16 orthogonal array. A gray-relational anal. is opted to optimize the performances and emissions responses, and the statistical influence of the operating parameters is estimated based on the anal. of variance. A comprehensive study has also been conducted to understand the improvement in performance and emission parameters at the optimum level. From the results, the optimum condition of LPO, water, and EHN is identified as 20%, 10%, and 2%, resp. The water concentration in base fuel has a contribution of 65.94% on overall engine behavior, whereas the contribution of LPO and EHN is 26.72% and 7.34%, resp. Besides, the confirmation experiment at the optimum condition shows that the signal-to-noise ratio is improved by 40.8% compared to the initial best condition.

Fuel Processing Technology published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Quality Control of 929-77-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yilmaz, Nadir published the artcileDetermination of the Optimum Blend Ratio of Diesel, Waste Oil Derived Biodiesel and 1-Pentanol Using the Response Surface Method, Application In Synthesis of 929-77-1, the main research area is diesel waste oil biodiesel pentanol blend response surface method.

Higher alcs. can be included as a third component in biodiesel-diesel mixtures to improve fuel properties and reduce emissions. Determining the optimum concentrations of these fuels according to the purpose of engine use is important both environmentally and economically. In this study, eight different concentrations of diesel (D), waste oil derived biodiesel (WOB), and 1-pentanol (P) ternary mixtures were determined by the design of exptl. method (DOE). In order to determine the engine performance and exhaust emission parameters of these fuels, they were tested on a diesel engine with a constant load of 6 kW and a constant engine speed of 1800 rpm. Using the test results obtained, a full quadratic math. model with a 95% confidence level was created using the Response Surface Method (RSM) to predict five different output parameters (BSFC, BTE, CO, HC, and NOx) according to the fuel mixture ratios. The R2 accuracy values of the outputs were found at the reliability level. According to the criteria that BTE will be maximum and BSFC, CO, HC, and NOx emissions will be min., the optimization determined that the fuel mixture 79.09% D-8.33% WOB-12.58% P concentration (DWOBPopt) will produce the desired result. A low prediction error was obtained with the confirmation test. As a result, it is concluded that the optimized fuel can be an alternative to the commonly accepted B7 blend and can be used safely in diesel engines.

Energies (Basel, Switzerland) published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Application In Synthesis of 929-77-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ghani, Naila published the artcileComparison of Photo-Esterification Capability of Bismuth Vanadate with Reduced Graphene Oxide Bismuth Vanadate (RGO/BiVO4) Composite for Biodiesel Production from High Free Fatty Acid Containing Non-Edible Oil, Recommanded Product: Methyl docosanoate, the main research area is bismuth vanadate reduced graphene oxide composite photoesterification capability.

Biodiesel has gained much more attention as an alternative and renewable energy source due to the continuous exhaustion of petroleum reserves and their inauspicious environmental effects. Non-edible feedstocks are economically viable for the production of biodiesel but the presence of higher amount of free fatty acids (FFAs) in these oils is a main hurdle for getting good quality biodiesel. This issue can be addressed through esterification prior to transesterification of oil. This work was designed to evaluate soapnut oil as a source for biodiesel production Moreover, the catalytic activity of two sunlight active photocatalysts; BiVO4 and RGO/BiVO4 was also compared for the esterification of higher FFA content present in soapnut oil. BiVO4 and RGO/BiVO4 were characterized through SEM, XRD and FT-IR. Exptl. results revealed that RGO/BiVO4 exhibited higher catalytic activity as compare to BiVO4 for the esterification of FFA under sunlight irradiation Different process variables were optimized and maximum conversion of FFA (88%) was obtained at 3 : 1 methanol to oil ratio, 5% catalyst dose, 300 rpm stirring speed and 3 h of reaction time. Esterified oil was then transesterified by using MgO-KOH heterogeneous catalyst and maximum yield (94%) of soapnut Me esters (SNMEs) was obtained at 9 : 1 methanol to oil ratio, 3% catalyst dose, 2 h reaction time, 80°C temperature and at 300 rpm stirring speed. The physic-chem. anal. of synthesized biodiesel revealed that it meets ASTM standards

ChemistrySelect published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Recommanded Product: Methyl docosanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Al-Gharibeh, Elyasa published the artcileIgnition and combustion characteristics of decanoic acid derived alkyl esters in a fuel ignition tester, COA of Formula: C11H22O2, the main research area is ignition combustion decanoate alkyl ester fuel tester.

This work investigated the combustion characteristics of decanoic acid derived alkyl esters in an ASTM standard Fuel Ignition Tester (FIT), with special emphasis on the influence of carbon number variation for the alkyl moiety within the alkoxy group on the autoignition delay times. The compounds of interest include Me, Et, Pr, and Bu decanoate. Higher carbon numbers lead to an increase in reactivity in terms of the decreased ignition delay times for Me through Pr decanoate. However, there was a small reduction in relative reactivity for Bu decanoate. With increasing air temperature, while the ignition delay times showed a monotonic reduction for all the four fuels, the maximum rate of pressure rise exhibited a non-linear variation. Specifically, the maximum rate of pressure rise was found to increase at of 700-758 K and then decrease within 758-825 K. The post-combustion peak pressures also exhibited a similar trend. This reduction in reactivity with increasing temperature correlates to the neg. temperature coefficient behavior. In addition, all the test fuels show a two-stage ignition response at the lowest oxidizer temperatures investigated. Therefore, the current experiments demonstrate the suitability of the FIT as a research tool that can be used to extract information on fuel reactivity other than the widely studied metric of the derived cetane number

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, COA of Formula: C11H22O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yang, Liping published the artcileAnalysis of cycle-to-cycle variations in a common-rail compression ignition engine fuelled with diesel and biodiesel fuels, Recommanded Product: Methyl decanoate, the main research area is diesel biodiesel fuel combustion compression ignition engine.

Using wavelet and fractal theories, cycle-to-cycle variations (CCVs) in a common-rail compression ignition (CI) engine have been investigated at engine loads of 25% and 50%, biodiesel blend level was from 0% to 100%. Wavelet power spectrums and singularity spectra were calculated to identify the dominant oscillatory combustion modes and multifractal complexity. Reaction paths and component consumption sensitivity of n-heptane and Me decanoate were studied to reveal the effect of biodiesel blend level on the combustion process of diesel fuel. Results reveal that the effect of biodiesel blend level on the CCVs is more significant at a low load, even when biodiesel blend level increases to 20%, the coefficients of variation decreases from 3.99% to 1.57%. The CCVs exhibit multiscale dynamics for all tested cases, and persistent high-frequency oscillations appear around a 16-cycle period persisting over the entire or several hundred of the engine cycles. As the biodiesel blend level increases, the periodic bands with the highest power were interrupted and combined with lower-frequency and high-frequency intermittent fluctuations. However, for the higher load, the dynamics of CCVs are mainly displayed in an intermittent fashion. The larger broadness of singularity spectra at higher engine loads suggests a higher degree of multifractality. For all of the tested cases, the dynamics of the CCVs behave like antipersistent walks. As a oxygenated fuel, biofuel substitution leads to increase of c7h15-1 concentration and radicals such as OH, O and H2O2, which are beneficial to decrease ignition delay and accelerate the chem. reaction rate of diesel fuel, and therefore inhibit the CCVs.

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Recommanded Product: Methyl decanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Pengfei published the artcileDevelopment of a decoupling physical-chemical surrogate (DPCS) model for simulation of the spray and combustion of multi-component biodiesel fuels, Computed Properties of 110-42-9, the main research area is spray combustion multicomponent biodiesel fuel DPCS model.

A decoupling phys.-chem. surrogate (DPCS) model was established for simulation of the spray and combustion characteristics of multi-component biodiesel fuels. In the DPCS model, the phys. and chem. properties of biodiesel fuels are described sep. For the case study of soybean Me ester (SME), the phys. properties are represented based on the five primary components, i.e., Me palmitate, Me stearate, Me oleate, Me linoleate, and Me linoleate. Meanwhile, the chem. kinetics of SME are described by a skeletal reaction mechanism composed of Me decanoate, Me 5-decenoate, and n-decane. Furthermore, an improved quasi-dimensional multi-component vaporization model was applied to predict the fuel vaporization process. To validate the DPCS model, the predictions from the present model and the previous models are compared with the exptl. data, including the liquid penetration in a constant-volume bomb and the combustion and emission characteristics in a premixed charge compression ignition (PCCI) engine. The results indicate that the predictions of the DPCS model agree better with the measurements than the previous models considering only the single-component phys. and/or single-component chem. properties of SME on the spray, ignition, and combustion behaviors. It is found that the ignition delay and heat release rate of PCCI combustion are dominated by the evaporation rate of SME and the fuel-reactivity stratification within the cylinder. By considering the multi-component properties of SME, the combustion and emission characteristics can be satisfactorily reproduced by the DPCS model. Meanwhile, the computational time can be well controlled due to the simplification of the phys. and chem. surrogate sub-models.

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Computed Properties of 110-42-9.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Alviso, Dario published the artcilePrediction of biodiesel physico-chemical properties from its fatty acid composition using genetic programming, Recommanded Product: Methyl docosanoate, the main research area is biodiesel physicochem property fatty acid composition genetic programming.

This paper presents regression anal. of biodiesel physico-chem. properties as a function of fatty acid composition using an exptl. database. The study is done by using 48 edible and non-edible oils-based biodiesel available data. Regression equations are presented as a function of fatty acid composition (saturated and unsaturated Me esters). The physico-chem. properties studied are kinematic viscosity, flash point, cloud point, pour point (PP), cold filter plugging point, cetane (CN) and iodine numbers The regression technique chosen to carry out this work is genetic programming (GP). Unlike multiple linear regression (MLR) strategies available in literature, GP provides generic, non-parametric regression among variables. For all properties analyzed, the performance of the regression is systematically better for GP than MLR. Indeed, the RSME related to the exptl. database is lower for GP models, from ≈ 3% for CN to ≈ 55% for PP, in comparison to the best MLR model for each property. Particularly, most GP regression models reproduce correctly the dependence of properties on the saturated and unsaturated Me esters.

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Recommanded Product: Methyl docosanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lin, Xiaocheng published the artcileSelf-solidification ionic liquids as heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production, Quality Control of 111-11-5, the main research area is solidification ionic liquid heterogeneous catalyst biodiesel.

Different from the common ionic liquids (ILs) as homogeneous catalysts, solid ionic liquids (SILs) as heterogeneous catalysts are simply fabricated herein via an efficient one-step reaction for biodiesel production Specifically, low-cost aliphatic amines containing secondary and/or primary amine groups are selected as the starting materials followed by the reaction with 1,3-propane sultone under mild conditions to graft sulfonic acid (-SO3H) groups onto the final products. The -SO3H groups are divided into two types: the bonding -SO3H groups (zwitterion arising from the hydrogen bond between sulfonic acid groups and amine groups) make the products turn solid while the free -SO3H groups endow the products with catalytic activity. Such solid ionic liquids (SILs) present pronounced activity, excellent stability and reusability as heterogeneous catalysts in esterification of free fatty acids (FFAs), indicating great potential in biodiesel production because of their high performance and low cost.

Green Chemistry published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Quality Control of 111-11-5.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lin, Xiaocheng published the artcileSelf-solidification ionic liquids as heterogeneous catalysts for biodiesel production, Synthetic Route of 110-42-9, the main research area is solidification ionic liquid heterogeneous catalyst biodiesel.

Different from the common ionic liquids (ILs) as homogeneous catalysts, solid ionic liquids (SILs) as heterogeneous catalysts are simply fabricated herein via an efficient one-step reaction for biodiesel production Specifically, low-cost aliphatic amines containing secondary and/or primary amine groups are selected as the starting materials followed by the reaction with 1,3-propane sultone under mild conditions to graft sulfonic acid (-SO3H) groups onto the final products. The -SO3H groups are divided into two types: the bonding -SO3H groups (zwitterion arising from the hydrogen bond between sulfonic acid groups and amine groups) make the products turn solid while the free -SO3H groups endow the products with catalytic activity. Such solid ionic liquids (SILs) present pronounced activity, excellent stability and reusability as heterogeneous catalysts in esterification of free fatty acids (FFAs), indicating great potential in biodiesel production because of their high performance and low cost.

Green Chemistry published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Synthetic Route of 110-42-9.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Jung, Sungyup published the artcileBiodiesel synthesis from bio-heavy oil through thermally induced transesterification, Recommanded Product: Methyl octanoate, the main research area is bioheavy oil thermal transesterification biodiesel synthesis.

A huge amount of a mixture of unreacted fatty acids and mono/di/triglycerides, namely bio-heavy oil, is generated as a waste from biodiesel industry. Considering that the lipid (i.e., triglycerides) accounts for 80% of the total biodiesel production cost, valorization of bio-heavy oil into biodiesel can be a viable route for enhancing the economic/environmental benefits. Nonetheless, the high contents of free fatty acids and impurities have restricted practical valorization of bio-heavy oil into biodiesel because conventional acid/base catalyzed transesterification suffers from the presence of the impurities. To overcome the tech. challenge, this study suggested a direct valorization platform for the conversion of bio-heavy oil into biodiesel via thermally induced transesterification. Prior to biodiesel production, the properties of bio-heavy oil, such as acid value (105 mg KOH g-1 bio-heavy oil), its elemental compositions and thermal stability were characterized. Acid-catalyzed transesterification with a H2SO4 catalyst showed the 31.1 wt% of biodiesel yield after 24 h of reaction at 60°C. However, thermally induced transesterification exhibited 59.3 wt% of biodiesel yield after 1 min of reaction at 400°C using a porous medium (SiO2) with no presence of a catalyst. The porous SiO2 (pore size: 6 nm) provided confined spaces for lipids and methanol, allowing the rapid transesterification reactions between them at high temperature The biodiesel yield from thermally induced transesterification was proportionate to reaction temperature by 360°C, but it decreased at > 400°C due to the chem. bond scissions of unsaturated hydrocarbons. C6-22 fatty acid Me esters (FAMEs) were produced from thermally induced (non-catalytic) transesterifications, and weight fractions of each FAMEs were constant, regardless of the reaction conditions at ≤ 400°C. All exptl. findings offer a new recycle platform for BHO into biodiesel.

Journal of Cleaner Production published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Recommanded Product: Methyl octanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics