Month: December 2022

Ramalingam, Selvakumar published the artcileInfluence of Moringa oleifera biodiesel-diesel-hexanol and biodiesel-diesel-ethanol blends on compression ignition engine performance, combustion and emission characteristics, Synthetic Route of 110-42-9, the main research area is Moringa biodiesel hexanol ethanol blend ignition engine performance.

In the current work, the influences of Moringa oleifera biodiesel-diesel-hexanol and Moringa oleifera biodiesel-diesel-ethanol blends on compression ignition engine characteristics were exptl. investigated. Experiments were conducted on a diesel engine at 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% load conditions run at a constant speed of 1500 rpm. The results revealed that B90-D5-H5 acquired the lowest BSFC and maximum BTE of 0.375 kg kW-1 h-1 and 28.8%, resp., and B100 had the highest BSFC of 0.425 kg kW-1 h-1. B90-D5-H5 had the highest cylinder peak pressure of 74 bar at 4°CA aTDC. The maximum heat release rate (HRR) and longer ignition delay (ID) period of 44 J per °CA and 14.4°CA, resp., were attained in the B90-D5-H5 blend. At 100% load condition, the lowest amount of carbon monoxide (CO) of 0.32% volume was acquired in the B80-D5-E15 blend. The maximum nitric oxide (NO) emission of 1090 ppm was also acquired in the B80-D5-E15 blend. B100 had the lowest NO of 846 ppm; B80-D5-E15 had the lowest unburned hydrocarbon (UBHC) emission of 34 ppm at 100% load and the lowest smoke opacity of 34%. Biodiesel-diesel-alc. blends improve engine performance and decrease emissions compared to the conventional diesel. The utilization of biodiesel-diesel-alc. blends reduces the consumption of diesel. Hence, ethanol and hexanol are recommended as potential alternative additives in biodiesel-diesel blends to improve engine performance and reduce emissions.

RSC Advances published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Synthetic Route of 110-42-9.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sui, Meng published the artcileStudy on the mechanism of auto-oxidation of Jatropha biodiesel and the oxidative cleavage of C-C bond, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is biodiesel methyl linoleate hexanal oxidation Jatropha.

Jatropha biodiesel was obtained according to the continuous preparation process which included vapor esterification – transesterification – methanol steam distillation Accelerated oxidation of small Jatropha biodiesel was obtained by the Rancimat method. GC-MS and liquid phase micro-extraction were used to study and analyze the components in the oxidation process of Jatropha curcas biodiesel. The electronic effects of the related reactants and products were calculated by d. functional theory, followed by the deduction of the related chem. reaction paths. Exptl. investigation shows that Me linoleate is the main factor affecting the oxidation stability of the Jatropha biodiesel. The main volatile products at the initial stages of the oxidation of Me linoleate are hexanal, Me octanoate, styrene, and 2-heptenal. The cis/trans-3-octyl-oxiranyl octanoic acid Me ester (18.03% yield) is produced by the reaction of peroxy acid and Me oleate during the oxidation of Me oleate. The hydrogen extraction reaction is difficult to occur, and the oxidation reaction energy barrier is relatively high due to the relatively large bond energy of the C-H bond in the Me stearate mol. In this manuscript, the auto-oxidation mechanism of the biodiesel fatty acid Me esters at the initial stage of oxidation, the path of oxidative cleavage of the C-C bond of Jatropha biodiesel and the formation process of ethylene oxide structure are obtained through DFT calculation and anal. of the oxidation products.

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sui, Meng published the artcileStudy on the mechanism of auto-oxidation of Jatropha biodiesel and the oxidative cleavage of C-C bond, Recommanded Product: Methyl decanoate, the main research area is biodiesel methyl linoleate hexanal oxidation Jatropha.

Jatropha biodiesel was obtained according to the continuous preparation process which included vapor esterification – transesterification – methanol steam distillation Accelerated oxidation of small Jatropha biodiesel was obtained by the Rancimat method. GC-MS and liquid phase micro-extraction were used to study and analyze the components in the oxidation process of Jatropha curcas biodiesel. The electronic effects of the related reactants and products were calculated by d. functional theory, followed by the deduction of the related chem. reaction paths. Exptl. investigation shows that Me linoleate is the main factor affecting the oxidation stability of the Jatropha biodiesel. The main volatile products at the initial stages of the oxidation of Me linoleate are hexanal, Me octanoate, styrene, and 2-heptenal. The cis/trans-3-octyl-oxiranyl octanoic acid Me ester (18.03% yield) is produced by the reaction of peroxy acid and Me oleate during the oxidation of Me oleate. The hydrogen extraction reaction is difficult to occur, and the oxidation reaction energy barrier is relatively high due to the relatively large bond energy of the C-H bond in the Me stearate mol. In this manuscript, the auto-oxidation mechanism of the biodiesel fatty acid Me esters at the initial stage of oxidation, the path of oxidative cleavage of the C-C bond of Jatropha biodiesel and the formation process of ethylene oxide structure are obtained through DFT calculation and anal. of the oxidation products.

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Recommanded Product: Methyl decanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Fazal, M. A. published the artcileBiodiesel degradation mechanism upon exposure of metal surfaces: A study on biodiesel sustainability, Application of Methyl octanoate, the main research area is copper biodiesel sustainability degradation.

The increased demand and price of petroleum diesel along with its limited reservation and emitted harmful substances have made the world confronted. Biodiesel as an alternative to petroleum diesel offers immediate potential to meet these concerns. It provides several tech. benefits over diesel such as reduced emission, high flash point, and improved cetane number However, the oxidative nature of biodiesel is found to be one of the major problems which limits its com. usage and sustainability. Mol. reactions in biodiesel and their susceptibility to oxidation are important to understand but only limited information is available in this regard. The present study aims to investigate the biodiesel mol. changes upon exposure of metal surface. The tests were conducted by immersing copper coupons in palm biodiesel at ambient temperature (25-27°C) for various immersion time, viz., 200 h, 600 h, 1200 h, 2880 h. D., total acid number and composition of biodiesel before and after immersion tests were determined by d. meter, TAN analyzer and gas chromatog. mass spectroscopy anal. Date obtained from different tests are analyzed and compared to explore the possible degradation mechanism of biodiesel mols. Results show that the key components of biodiesel include Me stearate (9.94%), palmitate (38.64%), oleate (34.29%) and linoleate (6.92%). Upon exposure of copper for 2880 h, the concentrations of these mols. are changed to 10.14%, 33.78%, 31.34% and 1.09% resp. Such changes in composition cause alteration in fuel properties and thus, hinders its sustainability. The possible reaction mechanisms have been discussed in detail with the help of obtained data and relevant literatures.

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Application of Methyl octanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yuan, Mingxia published the artcileMethylcyclohexyl methacrylate-methacrylate copolymers: an effective cold flow improver for the biodiesel blends, Recommanded Product: Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate, the main research area is biodiesel blend methylcyclohexyl methacrylate copolymer cold flow improver.

The poor cold flow property is one of the main obstacle factors in affecting the utilization of high proportion biodiesel blends in engines. In this study, methylcyclohexyl methacrylate-methacrylate copolymers (MCHMA-R1MC, R1 = C12, C14, C16, C18) were synthesized at various molar ratios by radical polymerization, and their structures were analyzed and characterized by FTIR, GPC, and 1H NMR. These resulting copolymers were used as the cold flow improvers for biodiesel/diesel blends in terms of cold filter plugging point (CFPP) and solid point (SP) measurement. Results showed that the CFPP and SP of B20 decreased to a varied extent after MCHMA-R1MC treatment. When the monomer ratio of was 1:7, MCHMA-C14MC (1:7) exhibited the greatest reduction on the CFPP and SP of B20 by 18 °C and 25 °C at 2000 ppm dosage. The effects of MCHMA-R1MC copolymers on crystallization behavior and morphol. were studied through polarizing optical microscope, differential scanning calorimetry and viscosity-temperature curves. The results indicated that MCHMA-C14MC could effectively delay the aggregation of wax crystals and change their crystalline behavior by changing the crystal shapes and inhibiting the formation of large wax crystals and then lower the low-temperature viscosity of biodiesel blends; therefore, MCHMA-C14MC has proven to be a high-effective cold flow improver for the biodiesel blends.

Research on Chemical Intermediates published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 142-90-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate, and the molecular formula is C16H30O2, Recommanded Product: Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kuti, Olawole Abiola published the artcileSpray combustion simulation study of waste cooking oil biodiesel and diesel under direct injection diesel engine conditions, SDS of cas: 110-42-9, the main research area is spray combustion simulation waste cooking oil biodiesel diesel engine.

Spray combustion characteristics of waste cooking oil biodiesel (WCO) and conventional diesel fuels were simulated using a RANS (Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes) based model. Surrogates were used to represent WCO and diesel fuels in simulations. N-tetradecane (C14H30) and n-heptane (C7H16) were used as surrogates for diesel. Furthermore for WCO, surrogate mixtures of Me decanoate, methyl-9-decenoate and n-heptane were used. Thermochem. and reaction kinetic data (115 species and 460 reactions) were implemented in the CFD code to simulate the spray and combustion processes of the two fuels. Validation of the spray liquid length, ignition delay, flame lift-off length and soot formation data were performed against previous published exptl. results. The modeled data agreed with the trends obtained in the exptl. data at all injection pressures. Further investigations, which were not achieved in previous experiments, showed that prior to main ignition, a first stage ignition (cool flame) characterized by the formation formaldehyde (CH2O) species at low temperature heat release occurred. The main ignition process occurred at high temperature with the formation of OH radicals. Furthermore, it was observed that the cool flame played a greater role in stabilizing the downstream lifted flame of both fuels. Increase in injection pressure led to the cool flame location to be pushed further downstream. This led to flame stabilization further away from the injector nozzle. WCO had shorter lift-off length compared to diesel as a result of its cool flame which being closer to the injector. Soot formation followed similar trends obtained in the experiments

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, SDS of cas: 110-42-9.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Wenyu published the artcileAutoignition study of methyl decanoate using a rapid compression machine, Safety of Methyl decanoate, the main research area is autoignition methyl decanoate rapid compression.

Me decanoate (MD), a widely used surrogate of biodiesels, was investigated for its autoignition characteristics using a heated rapid compression machine (RCM). In this study, the ignition delay times (IDTs) of MD were measured at the compressed pressures of 5-20 bar, equivalence ratios varying from 0.53 to 1.60 and compressed temperatures of 633-855 K. An obvious two-stage ignition behavior was observed at low temperatures and typical neg. temperature coefficient (NTC) phenomenon of total IDT was exptl. captured. The influences of compressed pressure, fuel and oxygen content, and nitrogen concentration on ignition delay times were systematically studied. The simulation results of Herbinet’s mechanism and Grana’s mechanism under variable volume simulation were compared with the exptl. data. It is found that the two mechanisms qual. predict the autoignition features of MD but still need further optimization. In addition, reaction pathway anal. and sensitivity anal. were conducted to offer further insight into the low-to-intermediate temperature autoignition chem. of MD.

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Safety of Methyl decanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Daridon, Jean-Luc published the artcileSpeed of Sound, Density, and Related Thermophysical Properties of the Methyl Caprate + Methyl Oleate Binary System from 0.1 MPa to 70 MPa at 303.15 K, Quality Control of 110-42-9, the main research area is methyl caprate oleate binary system thermophys property.

In this work, we reported values of speed of sound and d. of the Me caprate + Me oleate binary system over the whole composition range from 0% to 100% for pressures ranging from 0.1 MPa to 70 MPa and at 303.15 K. A pulse-echo technique working by reflection was used to measure the speed of sound w at 3 MHz. A vibrating U-tube densimeter was used to obtain d. data. From the combination of both these measurements, the isothermal and isentropic compressibilities were determined Finally, the speed of sound mol. weight product and the mol. compressibility Κm, also known as Wada’s constant, were calculated and represented as function of molar fraction in order to determine the best combining rule for predicting the speed of sound of the mixture from pure Fatty Acid Me Ester properties.

International Journal of Thermophysics published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Quality Control of 110-42-9.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wu, Gang published the artcileA realistic skeletal mechanism for the oxidation of biodiesel surrogate composed of long carbon chain and polyunsaturated compounds, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is biodiesel oxidation long carbon chain polyunsaturated compound.

To obtain a realistic reduced reaction model for the combustion of biodiesel in compression ignition engine, the heavy Me esters with long carbon chain and polyunsaturated degree were used to characterize real biodiesel fuel in this study. Me palmitate (MHD), Me stearate (MOD), Me linoleate (MOD9D12D), methyl-5-decenoate (MD5D) and n-decane were selected as the surrogate of biodiesel. A skeletal mechanism with 187 species and 982 reactions was developed for the oxidation of biodiesel surrogate using the decoupling methodol. The mechanism was partitioned into three, including the relatively simplified fuel-related sub-mechanism, the ester group-related sub-mechanism, and the detailed core sub-mechanism during the construction process. It was validated by zero-dimensional ignition delay for each component in biodiesel surrogate under variable conditions. The predicted outcomes are in concordance with the exptl. information, which preliminarily verifies the effectiveness and accuracy of the mechanism. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics code coupled with the mechanism was subsequently utilized to simulate engine combustion. The findings show that the combustion characteristics of biodiesel are robustly replicated, portraying that the newly developed biodiesel mechanism can be assuredly used in the practical engine simulation.

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Niculescu, Rodica published the artcileOn the determination of the distillation curve of fatty acid methyl esters by gas chromatography, SDS of cas: 929-77-1, the main research area is fatty acid methyl ester distillation curve determination gas chromatog.

Given the increased concern for environmental protection and the need for finding viable alternatives for replacing fossil fuels in internal combustion engines, the research carried out in the recent past on the use of biodiesel has increased. Out of the physico-chem. characteristics of fuels, the volatility has a great influence on the combustion process. It is therefore important to accurately obtain all the data related to the volatility of the fuels. A way to assess the fuel’s volatility is the distillation curve (DC). The simplest way to determine DC is at atm. pressure. However, for low volatility fuels such as biodiesel, atm. distillation is not indicated, therefore, using of alternative methods is needed. One method that can be used in this case is the determination of the boiling range distribution by gas chromatog. (GC). The GC equipment used for this purpose is specifically designed for this aim, meaning that the determination of DC by the GC itself is a given or standard feature of the equipment. However, in many labs, such specifically designed GC equipment is not available. In this context, the paper aims at providing a GC based method for finding the b.ps. of fatty acid methyl-esters (FAME) on standard FID based GC instrument for those researchers wishing to add new capabilities to their existing GC instruments. To validate the method, five different samples of pure biodiesel were analyzed, and the results obtained by applying this method were confirmed by comparison with the distillation curve obtained via vacuum distillation

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, SDS of cas: 929-77-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics