Month: December 2022

Wang, Yazhou published the artcileEffect of Phosphorus Precursor, Reduction Temperature, and Support on the Catalytic Properties of Nickel Phosphide Catalysts in Continuous-Flow Reductive Amination of Ethyl Levulinate, Formula: C7H12O3, the main research area is nickel phosphide ethyl levulinate reductive amination catalyst; N-alkyl-5-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; ethyl levulinate; flow reactor; molecular hydrogen; nickel phosphide; phosphorus precursor; reduction temperature; reductive amination; support effect.

Levulinic acid and its esters (e.g., Et levulinate, EL) are platform chems. derived from biomass feedstocks that can be converted to a variety of valuable compounds Reductive amination of levulinates with primary amines and H2 over heterogeneous catalysts is an attractive method for the synthesis of N-alkyl-5-methyl-2-pyrrolidones, which are an environmentally friendly alternative to the common solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). In the present work, the catalytic properties of the different nickel phosphide catalysts supported on SiO2 and Al2O3 were studied in a reductive amination of EL with n-hexylamine to N-hexyl-5-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (HMP) in a flow reactor. The influence of the phosphorus precursor, reduction temperature, reactant ratio, and addition of acidic diluters on the catalyst performance was investigated. The Ni2P/SiO2 catalyst prepared using (NH4)2HPO4 and reduced at 600°C provides the highest HMP yield, which reaches 98%. Although the presence of acid sites and a sufficient hydrogenating ability are important factors determining the pyrrolidone yield, the selectivity also depends on the specific features of EL adsorption on active catalytic sites.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Nanoparticles. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Formula: C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zheng, Hongyan published the artcileSynthesis of methyl glycolate via low-temperature hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate over an efficient and stable Ru/activated carbon catalyst, Synthetic Route of 623-50-7, the main research area is ruthenium activated carbon catalyst dimethyl oxalate hydrogenation methyl glycolate.

Syngas to di-Me oxalate (DMO) followed by hydrogenation to Me glycolate (MG) is considered to be an environmentally friendly and economical route. However, the catalyst with super performance and low cost for this route is still challenging. In this work, a simple and low-lost fabrication method was developed to prepare a Ru/activated carbon (AC) catalyst and was used for DMO hydrogenation to MG under mild reaction conditions. The Ru/AC catalyst showed the best performance in the low-temperature hydrogenation of DMO to MG compared to Ru/SiO2 and Ru/Al2O3. A series of characterization results showed that the super catalytic properties of Ru/AC catalyst might be attributed to the higher dispersion of Ru on support and its smallest nanoparticles size, weak surface acidity and electron-deficient state of Ru species. The key parameters such as Ru loading, temperature, weight hourly space velocity, and pressure, were comprehensively investigated. MG selectivity of 94.6% with DMO conversion of 97.2% were obtained over the 4.0 Ru/AC catalyst at 90°C. The 4.0Ru/AC catalyst showed excellent stability and there was no obvious deactivation after 1032 h test. The Ru/AC catalyst is effective for the DMO hydrogenation to MG under mild conditions and has great promise for industrial applications because of its low cost, simple preparation, high efficiency, and long life. 2022 Society of Chem. Industry (SCI).

Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published new progress about Hydrogenation. 623-50-7 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 2-hydroxyacetate, and the molecular formula is C4H8O3, Synthetic Route of 623-50-7.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Padilla, Rosa published the artcileEfficient catalytic hydrogenation of alkyl levulinates to γ-valerolactone, Synthetic Route of 539-88-8, the main research area is valerolactone preparation alkyl levulinate catalytic hydrogenation.

Efficient hydrogenations of neat alkyl levulinates to γ-valerolactone were achieved with low catalyst loadings of either PNP Ru or Ir complexes, resp., in the presence of a small amount of a base at low temperature and H2 pressure. Quant. conversions and TONs reaching 9300 were achieved. Furthermore, we demonstrate the feasibility of the system to perform several cycles. Finally, deuterium labeling and NMR studies provide insight into the reaction mechanism.

Green Chemistry published new progress about Hydrogenation. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Synthetic Route of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Jiang, Liang published the artcileA nitrogen-doped carbon modified nickel catalyst for the hydrogenation of levulinic acid under mild conditions, Synthetic Route of 539-88-8, the main research area is levulinic acid hydrogenation gamma valerolactone carbon modified nickel alumina.

The conversion of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) is 1 of the most important reactions from biomass-derived platform chems. to value-added chems. N-doped C was introduced into a Ni/Al2O3 catalyst and was employed for the hydrogenation of LA to GVL with a full conversion and equivalent yield under mild conditions, at as low as ambient H pressure and 130° for 6 h. The doping of N introduced NiNx species and the imperfection of modified N-doped C were beneficial for the selective hydrogenation of carbonyl groups. This catalyst showed excellent activity and selectivity in various solvents and could be recycled for at least 6 runs with little deactivation. In addition to LA, various substrates with both carbonyl and carboxyl groups could also be selectively hydrogenated to the corresponding lactones. This study offers both theor. foundation and practical instructions for the high-efficiency conversion of LA to GVL over nonnoble metal catalysts under mild conditions, especially ambient H2 pressure.

Green Chemistry published new progress about Hydrogenation. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Synthetic Route of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Hsiao, Chia-Yu published the artcileA comparative study on microwave-assisted catalytic transfer hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone using Ru/C, Pt/C, and Pd/C, Synthetic Route of 539-88-8, the main research area is levulinic acid hydrogenation valerolactone synthesis ruthenium platinum palladium catalyst.

Conversion of levulinic acid (LA) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) via catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) using conventional heating (CH) involves long reaction times, and low yields. Microwave (MW) heating seems a solution to address these issues as MW accelerates reactions and enhances yields. In this study, three typical catalysts, Ru/C, Pt/C and Pd/C, are compared for LA conversion using MW heating. In comparison to CH processes, MW-assisted processes significantly enhance LA conversion to GVL with higher yields by Ru/C and Pt/C. While elevated temperatures and secondary alcs. are favorable for LA conversion by these catalysts, Ru/C appears as the most effective catalyst as it can reach LA conversion as 100%, selectivity of GVL as 99% and yield of GVL as 99% at 160°C. The results of this study confirm that MW was a promising process for enhancing LA conversion and Ru/C shows the highest catalytic activity, followed by Pt/C and Pd/C.

Chemical Engineering Communications published new progress about Hydrogenation. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Synthetic Route of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Shao, Yuewen published the artcileSelective production of valerolactone or 1,4-pentanediol from levulinic acid/esters over Co-based catalyst and importance of synergy of hydrogenation sites and acidic sites, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is magnesium cobalt catalyst ethyl levulinate hydrogenation valerolactone pentanediol.

γ-Valerolactone (GVL) or 1,4-pentanediol (1,4-PDO) are the value-added chems., selectivities of which from conversion of levulinic acid/ester depend on balanced distribution of metallic sites and other active sites of the catalysts. In this study, Co-based catalysts with various precursors of LDH structures were synthesized to investigate the roles of hydrogenation, acidic and basic sites in the formation of GVL and 1,4-PDO from Et levulinate (EL). The results indicated that Al in Co-Mg-Al or Co-Al created acidic sites and facilitated cobalt dispersion by developing porous structures and strong interaction with Co species. Kinetic study indicated that the conversion of GVL controlled the formation rate of 1,4-PDO from EL. The superior catalytic activity and recyclability were observed over Co-Mg-Al and Co-Al catalysts, with the selectivity of both of GVL and 1,4-PDO reaching 98%, which was equivalent or superior to noble-metal based catalysts. Bronsted acidic sites in catalyst could facilitate the lactonization of Et 4-hydroxyvalerate to GVL and the ring-opening of GVL to 1,4-PDO, by cooperating with hydrogenation sites. Lewis acidic sites improved the adsorption of substrates and reaction intermediates, accelerating the ring-opening of GVL. The synergy between acidic sites together with hydrogenation sites was the key for achieving the excellent catalytic performance.

Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) published new progress about Hydrogenation. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Deng, Tianyu published the artcileContinuous Hydrogenation of Ethyl Levulinate to 1,4-Pentanediol over 2.8Cu-3.5Fe/SBA-15 Catalyst at Low Loading: The Effect of Fe Doping, Quality Control of 539-88-8, the main research area is hydrogenation ethyl levulinate pentanediol catalyst iron doping; copper; doping; heterogeneous catalysis; hydrogenation; iron.

Bimetallic Cu-Fe catalysts with low loading were prepared for hydrogenation of Et levulinate (EL) to 1,4-pentanediol (1,4-PDO). Among them, 2.8Cu-3.5Fe/SBA-15 (Cu/Fe molar ratio of 1:1.5) performed best, capable of converting EL to the key intermediate γ-valerolactone (GVL) at 140 °C with 97 % yield. It can also be used to hydrogenate GVL to 1,4-PDO with 92.6 % selectivity or convert EL to 1,4-PDO in one pot. The high activity of the catalyst at such a low loading was attributed to the highly dispersed metal species and the Fe doping effect. Various characterization methods indicated that Fe acted as both structural and electronic modifier to promote the chem. properties of the Cu species. Besides, the incorporation of Fe provided abundant Lewis acid sites and accelerated the reaction process. CuFeO2 was detected by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, XPS, and XRD. On the basis of a combination of characterization and reaction kinetics, synergistic catalysis by Cu0 and CuFeO2 is considered to be responsible for the excellent performance of the Cu-Fe catalysts.

ChemSusChem published new progress about Hydrogenation. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Quality Control of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhao, Tingting published the artcileSpecific role of aluminum site on the activation of carbonyl groups of methyl levulinate over Al(OiPr)3 for γ-valerolactone production, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, the main research area is valerolactone methyl levulinate production aluminum isopropoxide activation.

The high-efficiency synthesis of biofuel γ-valerolactone (GVL) from biomass-derived levulinates is a challenging task. The Meerwein-Ponndorf-Verley (MPV) reduction with its extraordinary chemoselectivity is advantageous for the hydrogenation process, compared to the mol.-hydrogen-based process using noble metal catalysts. Therefore, we used a classical Al-based isopropoxide to catalyze transfer hydrogenation (CHT) of Me levulinate (ML) to GVL. A high yield of GVL up to 97.6% could be achieved using 2-proponal as the H-donor and solvent under mild conditions (150°C, 30 min). Besides, three reaction stages were observed in the conversion, including transesterification, hydrogenation and cyclization. LC/MS anal. and the d. functional theory (DFT) caculations revealed that Al atom of Al(OiPr)3 as the electron transfer center activated ester carbonyl of the substrate via fourmembered transition states before activating the ketone carbonyl, resulting in the occurrence of transesterification prior to the hydrogenation. In addition, 2-propanol as proton transfer carrier assisting the cyclization process was proved to be the lowest-energy pathway. Our work shed light on the role of Al(OiPr)3 in the MPV reduction of ML, providing a comprehensive understanding on the metal alkoxide catalysis mechanism for GVL production

Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) published new progress about Hydrogenation. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sung, Kihyuk published the artcileIr(triscarbene)-catalyzed sustainable transfer hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone, SDS of cas: 539-88-8, the main research area is iridium catalyst sustainable transfer hydrogenation levulinic acid valerolactone.

Sustainable iridium-catalyzed transfer hydrogenation using glycerol as the hydride source was employed to convert levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone (GVL) with exceptionally high turnover numbers (TONs) (500,000) and turnover frequencies (TOFs) (170,000 h-1). The highly efficient triscarbene-modified iridium catalysts demonstrated good catalytic activities with low catalyst loadings (0.7 ppm) and good recyclability with an accumulated TON of over two million in the fourth reaction. In addition to glycerol, propylene glycol (PG), ethylene glycol (EG), isopropanol (IPA), and ethanol (EtOH) successfully transferred hydrides to levulinic acid, producing GVL with TONs of 339,000 (PG), 242,000 (EG), 334,000 (IPA), and 208,000 (EtOH), resp. Deuterium-labeling experiments were conducted to gain insight into the reaction mechanism.

Applied Organometallic Chemistry published new progress about Hydrogenation. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, SDS of cas: 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pontoni, Ludovico published the artcileSupramolecular aggregation of colloidal natural organic matter masks priority pollutants released in water from peat soil, Recommanded Product: Methyl docosanoate, the main research area is natural organic matter Sphagnum peat soil water purification; Colloidal aggregation; Contaminant speciation; Humic substances; Nanoparticles; Natural organic matter.

Natural organic matter (NOM) from Sphagnum peat soil is extracted in water and subjected to several investigations to obtain structural and conformational information. Data show that the extracted NOM is self-organized in colloidal aggregates of variable sizes (from nano to micro scales, depending on the solvent composition, i.e., ultrapure water, solutions with denaturing agents, acetone, ethanol). Aggregates are formed by highly heterogeneous classes of organic compounds According to the results of NMR and fluorescence measurements, the three-dimensional structure of aggregates, revealed by scanning electron microscope imaging, is supposed to be stabilized by the exposition of polar functional groups to the solvent, with consequent formation of hydrogen bonds, dipole-interactions and cation bridging. In contrast, the inner part of the aggregates displays hydrophobic features and is hypothesized to be further reinforced by the establishment of π-stacking interactions. The structure is assumed to be a supramol. aggregation of small-medium oligomeric fragments (Max 750 Da) in which priority pollutants are entrapped by dispersive forces. The structures are shown to be nanosized spheroidal particles further aggregated to form higher dimension supra-structures. Carbohydrates play primary role, stabilizing the structure and giving marked hydrophilic properties to the aggregates.

Environmental Research published new progress about Hydrogen bond. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Recommanded Product: Methyl docosanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics