Month: December 2022

Li, Yaxi published the artcilePhotoprotection of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles against UVA radiation-induced Senescence of Human Skin Fibroblasts due to their Antioxidant Properties, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is cerium oxide nanoparticle UV A irradiation antioxidant skin fibroblasts.

UV irradiation, particularly UV A (UVA), stimulates reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the epidermis and dermis, which plays a major part in the photoageing of human skin. Several studies have demonstrated that cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NP) can exhibit an antioxidant effect and free radical scavenging activity. However, the protective role of CeO2 NP in skin photoageing and the underlying mechanisms are unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of CeO2 NP on UVA-irradiated human skin fibroblasts (HSFs) and explored the potential signalling pathway. CeO2 NP had no apparent cytotoxicity, and could reduce the production of proinflammatory cytokines, intracellular ROS, senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity, and downregulate phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) after exposure to UVA radiation. Based on our findings, CeO2 NPs have great potential against UVA radiation-induced photoageing in HSFs via regulating the JNK signal-transduction pathway to inhibit oxidative stress and DNA damage.

Scientific Reports published new progress about Antioxidants. 2044-85-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate, and the molecular formula is C24H14Cl2O7, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cho, Suk Ju published the artcile7,8-Dihydroxyflavone Protects High Glucose-Damaged Neuronal Cells against Oxidative Stress, Quality Control of 2044-85-1, the main research area is dihydroxyflavone glucose neuronal cell damage oxidative stress; Diabetic neuropathy; High glucose; Oxidative stress.

Oxidative stress is considered a major contributor in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy and in diabetes complications, such as nephropathy and cardiovascular diseases. Diabetic neuropathy, which is the most frequent complications of diabetes, affect sensory, motor, and autonomic nerves. This study aimed to investigate whether 7,8-dihydroxyflavone (7,8-DHF) protects SH-SY5Y neuronal cells against high glucose-induced toxicity. In the current study, we found that diabetic patients exhibited higher lipid peroxidation caused by oxidative stress than healthy subjects. 7,8-DHF exhibits superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities. High glucose-induced toxicity severely damaged SH-SY5Y neuronal cells, causing mitochondrial depolarization; however, 7,8-DHF recovered mitochondrial polarization. Furthermore, 7,8-DHF effectively modulated the expression of pro-apoptotic protein (Bax) and anti-apoptotic protein (Bcl-2) under high glucose, thus inhibiting the activation of caspase signaling pathways. These results indicate that 7,8-DHF has antioxidant effects and protects cells from apoptotic cell death induced by high glucose. Thus, 7,8-DHF may be developed into a promising candidate for the treatment of diabetic neuropathy.

Biomolecules & Therapeutics published new progress about Antioxidants. 2044-85-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate, and the molecular formula is C24H14Cl2O7, Quality Control of 2044-85-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Shan, Kun published the artcileRNA-seq identifies long non-coding RNAs as potential therapeutic targets for human corneal endothelial dysfunction under oxidative stress, Safety of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate, the main research area is long noncoding RNA therapeutic target human corneal endothelial dysfunction; Corneal endothelium; Epigenetics; Oxidative stress; lncRNAs.

Human corneal endothelial cells (CECs) have limited ability to regenerate in vivo. Oxidative stress has been proposed as one potential reason. Understanding the mechanism of oxidative stress-induced CEC dysfunction might provide novel targets for improving CEC regenerative capacity, and help develop non-surgical therapeutic strategies for CEC dysfunction. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding transcripts with multiple biol. functions. The roles of lncRNAs in ocular cells under oxidative stress have been widely studied, such as lens epithelial cells, trabecular meshwork cells, and retinal ganglion cells. In the current study, we established oxidative stress-induced CEC dysfunction model in vitro. By RNA sequencing technol., we identified 824 differentially expressed lncRNAs in CEC dysfunction group, including 667 upregulated lncRNAs and 157 downregulated lncRNAs. We finally demonstrated that CEC functions under oxidative stress, including cellular proliferation, apoptosis, and anti-oxidative stress ability, could be regulated by different lncRNAs, including lncRNA-Z93241.1, lncRNA-XLOC_000818, and lncRNA-AC007952.4. Targeting these lncRNAs might be useful to further elucidate the pathol. of CEC dysfunction and develop novel therapeutic strategy.

Experimental Eye Research published new progress about Antioxidants. 2044-85-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate, and the molecular formula is C24H14Cl2O7, Safety of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Xue-Hui published the artcileJejunal epithelial barrier disruption triggered by reactive oxygen species in early SIV infected rhesus macaques, SDS of cas: 2044-85-1, the main research area is jejunal epithelial barrier disruption reactive oxygen species; simian immunodeficiency virus infection rhesus macaques; Epithelial barrier disruption; Jejunum; Mitochondrial dysfunction; Reactive oxygen species; SIV infection.

Intestinal epithelial barrier destruction occurs earlier than mucosal immune dysfunction in the acute stage of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) infections. At present, however, the cause of compromised gastrointestinal integrity in early SIV infection remains unknown. In the current study, we investigated the effects of SIV infection on epithelial barrier integrity and explored oxidative stress-mediated DNA damage and apoptosis in epithelial cells from early acute SIVmac239-infected Chinese rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Results showed that the sensitive mol. marker of small intestinal barrier dysfunction, i.e., intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (IFABP), was significantly increased in plasma at 14 days post-SIV infection. SIV infection induced a profound decrease in the expression of tight junction proteins, including claudin-1, claudin-3, and zonula occludens (ZO)-1, as well as a significant increase in the active form of caspase-3 level in epithelial cells. RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) anal. suggested that differentially expressed genes between pre- and post-SIV-infected jejuna were enriched in pathways involved in cell redox homeostasis, oxidoreductase activity, and mitochondria. Indeed, a SIV-mediated increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the epithelium and macrophages, as well as an increase in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and decrease in glutathione (GSH)/glutathione disulfide (GSSG) antioxidant defense, were observed in SIV-infected jejuna. In addition, the accumulation of mitochondrial dysfunction and DNA oxidative damage led to an increase in senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal) and early apoptosis in intestinal epithelial cells. Furthermore, HIV-1 Tat protein-induced epithelial monolayer disruption in HT-29 cells was rescued by antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC). These results indicate that mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in jejunal epithelial cells are primary contributors to gut epithelial barrier disruption in early SIV-infected rhesus macaques.

Free Radical Biology & Medicine published new progress about Antioxidants. 2044-85-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate, and the molecular formula is C24H14Cl2O7, SDS of cas: 2044-85-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Leitemperger, Jossiele published the artcileBehavioural and biochemical parameters in guppy (Poecilia vivipara) following exposure to waterborne zinc in salt or hard water, COA of Formula: C24H14Cl2O7, the main research area is Poecilia behavior locomotion salt water lipid peroxidation acetylcholinesterase; Environmental risk; Estuarine fish; Hardness; IBR; Metal; Salinity.

Therefore, this study aimed investigate the influence of salinity, hardness on Zn toxicity on the behaviors and biochem. parameters of the estuarine guppy (Poecilia vivipara). The fish were exposed to waterborne zinc (500μg L-1) in salt water (25 ppt) or hard water (120 mg L-1 CaCO3). For behavioral anal., the locomotive and exploratory parameters of fish in novel environment and light-dark tests were evaluated. We observed that exposure to hard water decreased the distance covered by the fish, and when zinc also present the vertical exploratory behavior decreased. When zinc was tested alone, an increase in the maximum speed of fish was recorded. Activities of antioxidant enzymes, levels of lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, total peroxidation and, reactive oxygen species content, antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals, non-proteins thiols levels, acetylcholinesterase and Na+/K+-ATPase activities were evaluated in the whole fish body. The integrated biomarker response was calculated for each parameter to aid in the interpretation of the results and indicated that hard water containing zinc had the greatest effect on the biochem. parameters of the fish. In general, neither salinity nor hardness were totally effective in protecting the guppy from the biochem. damage caused by exposure to zinc.

Molecular Biology Reports published new progress about Antioxidants. 2044-85-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate, and the molecular formula is C24H14Cl2O7, COA of Formula: C24H14Cl2O7.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mohammadi, Ghobad published the artcileChemical characterization and anti-breast cancer effects of silver nanoparticles using Phoenix dactylifera seed ethanolic extract on 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a] anthracene-induced mammary gland carcinogenesis in Sprague Dawley male rats, SDS of cas: 111-11-5, the main research area is breast cancer silver nanoparticle Phoenix seed extract antitumor.

The aim of the recent research was to investigate the anti-breast cancer effects of silver nanoparticles using Phoenix dactylifera seed ethanolic extract (AgNPs). After preparation of Phoenix dactylifera seed extract, GC/MS was performed to detect the compounds The findings indicated that 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)- Me ester (40.95%) and Dodecanoic acid Me ester (20%) were the most frequent constituents found in P. dactylifera. These nanoparticles were spherical with a size range of 17-19 nm and characterized using various anal. techniques including UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy to determine the presence of AgNPs in the solution We studied functional groups of P. dactylifera extract in the reduction and capping process of AgNPs by FT-IR, crystallinity and FCC planes by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and surface morphol., shapes, and size of AgNPs by SEM and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). DPPH free radical scavenging test was used to test the antioxidant properties of P. dactylifera and AgNPs, which revealed high antioxidant potential similar to butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) as the pos. control. The results of cytotoxicity anal. indicated that P. dactylifera and AgNPs were toxic for MCF-7 cells. In vivo design, induction of breast cancer was done by 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a] anthracene (DMBA) in 50 animals. After 10 days, the animals were randomly divided into six subgroups, including healthy control, untreated control, two groups receiving the P. dactylifera at 2 and 6 mg/kg and two groups receiving the AgNPs at 2 and 6 mg/kg concentrations Both doses of P. dactylifera and AgNPs (especially AgNPs6) significantly (p â‰?0.05) reduced the weight and volume of liver, mammary gland, kidney, spleen, ALP, AST, ALT, GGT, cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride, total and conjugated bilirubin, urea, creatinine, glucose, ferrous, ferritin, erythropoietin, GR, IL1, IL6, IL12, IL18, IFNY, and TNFα and increased HDL, total protein, albumin, WBC, lymphocyte, neutrophils, platelet, RBC, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC, SOD, CAT, GPx, IL4, IL5, IL10, IL13, and IFNα compared to the untreated group. Moreover, P. dactylifera and AgNPs (especially AgNPs6) significantly (p â‰?0.05) treated breast cancer with reduction of organs free of metastasis compared to the untreated group. Seemingly, the AgNPs can be used for the treatment of breast cancer.

Applied Organometallic Chemistry published new progress about Antioxidants. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, SDS of cas: 111-11-5.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mohammadi, Ghobad published the artcileChemical characterization and anti-breast cancer effects of silver nanoparticles using Phoenix dactylifera seed ethanolic extract on 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a] anthracene-induced mammary gland carcinogenesis in Sprague Dawley male rats, Formula: C11H22O2, the main research area is breast cancer silver nanoparticle Phoenix seed extract antitumor.

The aim of the recent research was to investigate the anti-breast cancer effects of silver nanoparticles using Phoenix dactylifera seed ethanolic extract (AgNPs). After preparation of Phoenix dactylifera seed extract, GC/MS was performed to detect the compounds The findings indicated that 9-Octadecenoic acid (Z)- Me ester (40.95%) and Dodecanoic acid Me ester (20%) were the most frequent constituents found in P. dactylifera. These nanoparticles were spherical with a size range of 17-19 nm and characterized using various anal. techniques including UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy to determine the presence of AgNPs in the solution We studied functional groups of P. dactylifera extract in the reduction and capping process of AgNPs by FT-IR, crystallinity and FCC planes by X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern and surface morphol., shapes, and size of AgNPs by SEM and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). DPPH free radical scavenging test was used to test the antioxidant properties of P. dactylifera and AgNPs, which revealed high antioxidant potential similar to butylated hydroxy toluene (BHT) as the pos. control. The results of cytotoxicity anal. indicated that P. dactylifera and AgNPs were toxic for MCF-7 cells. In vivo design, induction of breast cancer was done by 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a] anthracene (DMBA) in 50 animals. After 10 days, the animals were randomly divided into six subgroups, including healthy control, untreated control, two groups receiving the P. dactylifera at 2 and 6 mg/kg and two groups receiving the AgNPs at 2 and 6 mg/kg concentrations Both doses of P. dactylifera and AgNPs (especially AgNPs6) significantly (p â‰?0.05) reduced the weight and volume of liver, mammary gland, kidney, spleen, ALP, AST, ALT, GGT, cholesterol, LDL, triglyceride, total and conjugated bilirubin, urea, creatinine, glucose, ferrous, ferritin, erythropoietin, GR, IL1, IL6, IL12, IL18, IFNY, and TNFα and increased HDL, total protein, albumin, WBC, lymphocyte, neutrophils, platelet, RBC, Hb, PCV, MCV, MCH, MCHC, SOD, CAT, GPx, IL4, IL5, IL10, IL13, and IFNα compared to the untreated group. Moreover, P. dactylifera and AgNPs (especially AgNPs6) significantly (p â‰?0.05) treated breast cancer with reduction of organs free of metastasis compared to the untreated group. Seemingly, the AgNPs can be used for the treatment of breast cancer.

Applied Organometallic Chemistry published new progress about Antioxidants. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Formula: C11H22O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Shrestha, Shyam Sharan published the artcileHimalayan nettle Girardinia diversifolia as a candidate ingredient for pharmaceutical and nutraceutical applications-phytochemical analysis and in vitro bioassays, Name: Methyl docosanoate, the main research area is Girardinia extract phytochem pharmaceutical nutraceutical cosmetics; LC-MS; LDLR; NMR; cytotoxicity; low-density lipoprotein receptor; phytosterols; polyphenols.

Girardinia diversifolia, also known as Himalayan nettle, is a perennial herb used in Nepal to make fiber as well as in traditional medicine for the treatment of several diseases. To date, phytochem. studies and biol. assays on this plant are scarce. Thus, in the present work, the G. diversifolia extracts have been evaluated for their potential pharmaceutical, cosmetic and nutraceutical uses. For this purpose, detailed phytochem. analyses were performed, evidencing the presence of phytosterols, fatty acids, carotenoids, polyphenols and saponins. The most abundant secondary metabolites were β- and γ-sitosterol (11 and 9% dw, resp.), and trans syringin (0.5 mg/g) was the most abundant phenolic. Fatty acids with an abundant portion of unsaturated derivatives (linoleic and linolenic acid at 22.0 and 9.7 mg/g resp.), vitamin C (2.9 mg/g) and vitamin B2 (0.12 mg/g) were also present. The antioxidant activity was moderate while a significant ability to inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrilcholinesterase (BuChE), tyrosinase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase was observed A cytotoxic effect was observed on human ovarian, pancreatic and hepatic cancer cell lines. The effect in hepatocarcinoma cells was associated to a downregulation of the low-d. lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), a pivotal regulator of cellular cholesterol homeostasis. These data show the potential usefulness of this species for possible applications in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and cosmetics.

Molecules published new progress about Antioxidants. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Name: Methyl docosanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Katopodi, Annita published the artcileSynthesis, Bioactivity, Pharmacokinetic and Biomimetic Properties of Multi-Substituted Coumarin Derivatives, Synthetic Route of 2044-85-1, the main research area is chromenone preparation antioxidant antitumor SAR docking lipoxygenase inhibition lipophilicity; antioxidant activity; biomimetic chromatography; coumarins; cytotoxicity; lipoxygenase inhibition; molecular docking.

A series of novel multi-substituted coumarin derivatives I [R1 = H, F, Cl; R2 = H, Cl, Br, etc.; R3 = H, OH, Cl, etc.; R4 = H, Br; R5 = H, Br, Cl; R6 = H, OH, acetoxy] were synthesized, spectroscopically characterized, and evaluated for their antioxidant activity, soybean lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitory ability, their influence on cell viability in immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and cytotoxicity in adenocarcinomic human alveolar basal epithelial cells (A549) and human melanoma (A375) cells, in-vitro. Coumarin analogs I, bearing a hydroxyl group at position 5 of the coumarin scaffold and halogen substituents at the 3-Ph ring, were the most promising ABTSâ€? scavengers. 6,8-Dibromo-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-methyl-chromen-2-one and 6-bromo-3-(4,5-diacetyloxyphenyl)-4-methyl-chromen-2-one exhibited significant lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity (IC50 36.9 and 37.1μM). In the DCF-DA assay, the 4′-fluoro-substituted compound I [R1=R2=R4=R5 = H, R3 = F; R6 = bacetoxy] (100%), and the 6-bromo substituted compounds I [R1=R2=R4=R6 = H; R3 =acetoxy; R5 =Br] (80.9%) and I [R1=R2=R4=R6 = H; R3 = OH; R5 = Br] (100%) presented the highest activity. The 3′-fluoro-substituted coumarins I [R1=R3=R4=R5 = H; R2 = F, R6 = acetoxy] and I [R1=R3=R4=R5 = H; R2 = F; R6 = OH], along with 3-(4-acetyloxyphenyl)-6,8-dibromo-4-methyl-chromen-2-one, were the most potent lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitors (IC50 11.4, 4.1, and 8.7μM, resp.) while displaying remarkable hydroxyl radical scavenging ability, 85.2%, 100%, and 92.9%, resp. In silico docking studies of compounds I [R1=R3=R4=R5 = H; R2 = F; R6 = OH] and [R1=R2=R6 = H; R3 = acetoxy; R4=R5 = Br], revealed that they present allosteric interactions with the enzyme. The majority of the analogs (100μM) did not affect the cell viability of HaCaT cells, though several compounds presented over 60% cytotoxicity in A549 or A375 cells. Finally, the human oral absorption (%HOA) and plasma protein binding (%PPB) properties of the synthesized coumarins I were also estimated using biomimetic chromatog., and all compounds presented high %HOA (>99%) and %PPB (60-97%) values.

Molecules published new progress about Antioxidants. 2044-85-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate, and the molecular formula is C24H14Cl2O7, Synthetic Route of 2044-85-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhang, Pingling published the artcileEnzymatic acylation of cyanidin-3-glucoside with fatty acid methyl esters improves stability and antioxidant activity, Synthetic Route of 111-11-5, the main research area is Cyanidin glucoside Acylation Lipase Stability Antioxidant; Acylation; Antioxidant activity; Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside; Lipase; Stability.

Cyanidin-3-glucoside is a major anthocyanin in legumes, black rice, and purple potato, and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. In the present study, the effect of acylation on cyanidin-3-glucoside lipophilicity, stability, and antioxidant capacity was investigated. Cyanidin-3-glucoside was enzymically acylated through transesterification with fatty acid esters to produce three monoacylated cyanidin-3-glucoside esters, cyanidin-3-(6”-n-octanoyl)-glucoside, cyanidin-3-(6”-lauroyl)-glucoside, and cyanidin-3-(6”-myristoyl)-glucoside. Cyanidin-3-(6”-n-octanoyl)-glucoside had the highest thermostability and photostability of the three cyanidin-3-glucoside esters. While the in vitro antioxidant activity of cyanidin-3-(6”-n-octanoyl)-glucoside was 7.5%-14.3% lower than that of cyanidin-3-glucoside (p < 0.05), its cellular antioxidant activity increased by 33.3% (p < 0.05). Further, while cyanidin-3-(6''-lauroyl)-glucoside had lower stability and in vitro antioxidant activity than that of cyanidin-3-(6''-n-octanoyl)-glucoside, its cellular antioxidant capacity was 125.9% and 69.4% higher than cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-(6''-n-octanoyl)-glucoside, resp. (p < 0.05). This study demonstrated that transesterification can be used to improve the stability and in vivo antioxidant activity of cyanidin-3-glucoside. Food Chemistry published new progress about Antioxidants. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Synthetic Route of 111-11-5.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics