Tag: M.W=250-300

Borah, Ruli; Sarma, Jadab C. published the artcile< Behavior of α-carbethoxy radical generated from the ester of N-hydroxy-2-thiopyridone>, Application of C19H34O2, the main research area is carbethoxy radical reaction mechanism; photolysis ester hydroxythiopyridone; Barton ester photolysis.

Studies on the behavior of α-carbethoxy radical generated from the ester of N-hydroxy-2-thiopyridone is described.

Indian Journal of Chemistry, Section A: Inorganic, Bio-inorganic, Physical, Theoretical & Analytical Chemistry published new progress about Homolytic addition reaction. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Application of C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Fink, Brian D.; Rauckhorst, Adam J.; Taylor, Eric B.; Yu, Liping; Sivitz, William I. published the artcile< Membrane potential-dependent regulation of mitochondrial complex II by oxaloacetate in interscapular brown adipose tissue>, Application of C19H34O2, the main research area is mitochondrial complex II oxaloacetate adipose tissue respiration; bioenergetics; brown adipose tissue; metabolism; metabolomics; mitochondria; mitochondrial metabolism; reactive oxygen species (ROS); uncoupling protein.

Classically, mitochondrial respiration responds to decreased membrane potential (ΔΨ) by increasing respiration. However, we found that for succinate-energized complex II respiration in skeletal muscle mitochondria (unencumbered by rotenone), low ΔΨ impairs respiration by a mechanism culminating in oxaloacetate (OAA) inhibition of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH). Here, we investigated whether this phenomenon extends to far different mitochondria of a tissue wherein ΔΨ is intrinsically low, i.e., interscapular brown adipose tissue (IBAT). Also, to advance our knowledge of the mechanism, we performed isotopomer studies of metabolite flux not done in our previous muscle studies. In addnl. novel work, we addressed possible ways ADP might affect the mechanism in IBAT mitochondria. UCP1 activity, and consequently ΔΨ, were perturbed both by GDP, a well-recognized potent inhibitor of UCP1 and by the chem. uncoupler carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenyl hydrazone (FCCP). In succinate-energized mitochondria, GDP increased ΔΨ but also increased rather than decreased (as classically predicted under low ΔΨ) O2 flux. In GDP-treated mitochondria, FCCP reduced potential but also decreased respiration. Metabolite studies by NMR and flux analyses by LC-MS support a mechanism, wherein ΔΨ effects on the production of reactive oxygen alters the NADH/NAD+ ratio affecting OAA accumulation and, hence, OAA inhibition of SDH. We also found that ADP-altered complex II respiration in complex fashion probably involving decreased ΔΨ due to ATP synthesis, a GDP-like nucleotide inhibition of UCP1, and allosteric enzyme action. In summary, complex II respiration in IBAT mitochondria is regulated by UCP1-dependent ΔΨ altering substrate flow through OAA and OAA inhibition of SDH.

FASEB BioAdvances published new progress about Breathing (animal). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Application of C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wu, Chunying; Wei, Jinjun; Tian, Donghua; Feng, Yue; Miller, Robert H.; Wang, Yanming published the artcile< Molecular Probes for Imaging Myelinated White Matter in CNS>, Reference of 112-63-0, the main research area is mol probe imaging myelinated white matter central nervous system.

Abnormalities and changes in myelination in the brain are seen in many neurodegenerative disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Direct detection and quantification of myelin content in vivo is desired to facilitate diagnosis and therapeutic treatments of myelin-related diseases. The imaging studies require use of myelin-imaging agents that readily enter the brain and selectively bind to myelinated regions. For this purpose, the authors have systematically evaluated a series of stilbene derivatives as myelin imaging agents. Spectrophotometry-based and radioligand-based binding assays showed that these stilbene derivatives exhibited relatively high myelin-binding affinities. In vitro myelin staining exhibited that the compounds selectively stained intact myelinated regions in wild type mouse brain. In situ tissue staining demonstrated that the compounds readily entered the mouse brain and selectively labeled myelinated white matter regions. These studies suggested that these stilbene derivatives can be used as myelin-imaging probes to monitor myelin pathol. in vivo.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Affinity. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Reference of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yang, Eryan; Wang, Lin; Jin, Weili; Liu, Xing; Wang, Qixue; Wu, Ye; Tan, Yanli; Wang, Yunfei; Cui, Xiaoteng; Zhao, Jixing; Tong, Fei; Hong, Biao; Xiao, Menglin; Liu, Xiaomin; Fang, Chuan; Kang, Chunsheng published the artcile< PTRF/Cavin-1 enhances chemo-resistance and promotes temozolomide efflux through extracellular vesicles in glioblastoma>, Reference of 112-63-0, the main research area is temozolomide glioblastoma chemoresistance extracellular vesicle PTRF cavin; Glioblastoma; PTRF; chloroquine; extracellular vesicles; temozolomide.

The concentration and duration of intracellular drugs have always been the key factors for determining the efficacy of the treatment. Efflux of chemotherapeutic drugs or anticancer agents is a major reason for multidrug resistance generation in cancer cells. The high expression of polymerase I and transcript release factor (PTRF) is correlated with a worse prognosis in glioma patients. However, the importance of PTRF on temozolomide (TMZ) resistance in glioblastoma (GBM) is poorly understood. TCGA data anal., CGGA data anal., transmission electron microscopy (TEM), SEM (SEM), clone formation, cell counting kit-8 (cck-8), western blot (WB), immunofluorescence (IF), immunohistochem. (IHC) and flow cytometry assays were performed to investigate the underlying mechanism and effect of PTRF on TMZ-resistance in a variety of GBM cell lines and GBM patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. Clone formation, WB, IF, IHC and flow cytometry assays were performed to examine the efficacy of sequential therapy of TMZ followed by CQ in GBM cells and PDX models. The prognosis of GBM patients treated with TMZ was neg. correlated with PTRF expression. Our results reveal that PTRF knockdown significantly decrease proliferation and increase apoptosis in GBM after TMZ treatment. Moreover, PTRF contribute to TMZ-resistance by increasing TMZ efflux through extracellular vesicles (EVs). Furthermore, our results demonstrate that sequential therapy of TMZ followed by CQ significantly promotes the TMZ efficacy against GBM by increasing intracellular TMZ concentration ([TMZ]i). This study highlights that PTRF can act as an independent biomarker to predict the prognosis of GBM patients after TMZ treatment and describes a new mechanism contributing to TMZ-resistance. In addition, this study may provide a novel idea for GBM therapy.

Theranostics published new progress about Animal gene Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study) (Bax). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Reference of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhang, Weinan; Wang, Chen; Zhu, Wenfeng; Liu, Fan; Liu, Yake published the artcile< Ferrostatin-1 alleviates cytotoxicity of cobalt nanoparticles by inhibiting ferroptosis>, COA of Formula: C15H22N2O2, the main research area is ferroptosis fibroblast cell viability ferrostatin 1 cobalt nanoparticle cytotoxicity; Cobalt nanoparticles; Ferrostatin-1; ferroptosis; hip arthroplasty; lipid peroxidation.

Cobalt is the main component of metal prostheses in hip arthroplasty. Studies have shown that metal particles mainly composed of cobalt nanoparticles (CoNPs) can cause systemic and local toxic reactions due to various phys. and chem. factors. Therefore, elucidating the underlying mechanisms of metal prosthesis action, coupled with identification of effective detoxification drugs are imperative to minimizing postoperative complications and prolonging the service life of these clin. tools. In this study, we treated Balb/3T3 mouse fibroblast cell line with CoNPs and ferrostatin-1, then measured cell viability via the CCK-8 assay. Next, we determined levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), cobalt and iron contents, as well as glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), and solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) expression in each group. Finally, we employed transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to detect changes in the ultrastructure of each group of cells. Exposure of cells to CoNPs significantly suppressed their viability, and downregulated expression of GSH, GPX4, and SLC7A11 proteins. Conversely, this treatment mediated a significant increase in ROS, MDA, cobalt, and iron levels in the cells. TEM images revealed a marked increase in d. of the mitochondrial membrane of cells in the CoNPs group, while the outer membrane was broken. Notably, treatment with ferroptosis inhibitor Ferrostatin-1 alleviated the cytotoxic response caused by CoNPs. These findings suggest that CoNP-induced cytotoxicity may be closely related to ferroptosis, indicating that inhibition of ferroptosis is a potential therapeutic strategy for reducing CoNP toxicity.

Bioengineered published new progress about Cell survival. 347174-05-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C15H22N2O2, COA of Formula: C15H22N2O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Gagneux, A.; Grob, C. A. published the artcile< Bicyclo[2.2.2]octane series. III. Structure and solvolysis of bicyclo[2.2.2]octa-2,5-diene dibromides>, HPLC of Formula: 112-63-0, the main research area is .

Bromination of bicyclo[2.2.2]octa-2,5-diene (I) led to a mixture of trans- 3,5-dibromohomotricyclene (II) and trans- 2,3-dibromobicyclo[2.2.2]oct-5-ene (III) in the ratio of 3:7. The result was explained as the endo addition of Br to I. Hydrolysis of III yielded 8-bromobicyclo[3.2.1]oct-2-en-4-ol by ionization of the endo Br atom. The rate of solvolysis was 143 times that of cyclopentyl bromide. Similarly, II solvolyzed 384 times as fast as cyclopentyl bromide did. This suggested participation of the strained cyclopropane ring in the ionization step.

Helvetica Chimica Acta published new progress about Bromination. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, HPLC of Formula: 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yuan, Dan; Liu, Meijing; Jia, Peng; Li, Yiping; Huang, Yuling; Ye, Li; Api, Laze; Chen, Maogang; Yao, Liang; Wang, Zixin; Liu, Honglu; Liang, Shu; Yang, Shujuan published the artcile< Prevalence and determinants of virological failure, genetic diversity and drug resistance among people living with HIV in a minority area in China: a population-based study>, Recommanded Product: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate, the main research area is HIV virol failure genetic diversity drug resistance China; Antiretroviral therapy; Drug resistance; HIV; HIV-1 subtypes; Virological failure.

Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture is one of the areas that most severely affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in China, and virol. failure on antiretroviral therapy (ART) is serious in this area. Anal. of prevalence and determinants of ART failure, the genetic diversity and drug resistance among people living with HIV (PLWH) helps improve HIV treatment efficiency and prevent HIV transmission. A total of 5157 PLWH were recruited from 2016 to 2017. The venous blood samples were subjected to RT-PCR, followed by sequencing of the HIV-1 pol gene, targeting the protease and reverse transcriptase fragments. HIV-1 diversity was analyzed using the DNAStar software and drug resistance mutations were analyzed using the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database. A total of 2156 (41.81%) PLWH showed virol. failure on ART. Males (ORm = 1.25), heterosexual behaviors and drug injection (ORm = 1.44) and mother to child transmission routes (ORm = 1.58), the clin. stage of AIDS (ORm = 1.35), having used illicit drugs and shared the needles (1-4 times: ORm = 1.34; more than 5 times: ORm = 1.52), having ever replaced ART regimen (ORm = 1.48) increased the risk of virol. failure among PLWH, while higher education lever (ORm = 0.77) and ≥ 12 mo on ART (12 ∼ 36 mo: ORm = 0.72; ≥36 mo: ORm = 0.66) was associated with lower likelihood of virol. failure. The data revealed that CRF07_BC (1508, 95.62%) were the most common strains, and the drug-resistant rate was 32.10% among PLWH with virol. failure in this area. The high frequencies of drug resistance were found in EFV and NVP of NNRTIs, ABC, FTC and 3TC of NRTIs, and TPV/r in PIs. The most common mutations in NNRTIs, NRTIs and PIs were K103N/KN (64.69%), M184V/MV/I (36.29%) and Q58E/QE (4.93%), resp. We concluded that surveillance of virol. failure, HIV-1 subtypes, and drug resistance to understand HIV-1 epidemiol. and guide modification of ART guidelines, and target prevention and control strategies should be formatted to reduce the virol. failure and drug resistance to promote viral suppression and prevent HIV-1 transmission.

BMC Infectious Diseases published new progress about AIDS (disease). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Recommanded Product: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Fuentes Pineda, Rosinda; Zems, Yaroslav; Troughton, Joel; Niazi, Muhammad R.; Perepichka, Dmitrii F.; Watson, Trystan; Robertson, Neil published the artcile< Star-shaped triarylamine-based hole-transport materials in perovskite solar cells>, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is triarylamine hole transport material perovskite solar cell.

Two novel star-shaped triarylamine-based hole transport materials with triphenylamine (STR1), or a partially oxygen-bridged triphenylamine (STR0), as core and para-substituted triphenylamine side arms were synthesized, fully characterized and studied in perovskite solar cells. Their thermal, optical, electrochem. and charge transport properties were examined and compared in the context of their mol. structure. Due to its more planar configuration, STR0 showed a red-shifted absorption in comparison with STR1. STR0 also forms a more stable amorphous glassy state and showed higher glass transition temperature than STR1 and spiro-OMeTAD. These HTMs were tested in perovskite solar cells using a device configuration of FTO/bl-TiO2/mp-TiO2/CH3NH3PbI3/HTM/Au showing a power conversion efficiency of 13.3% for STR0 and 11.5% for STR1. The STR0-based devices showed higher fill factor and better reproducibility than spiro-OMeTAD-based cells. Without dopant additives, solar cells based on STR0 exhibited a good photocurrent d. of 16.63 mA cm-2 and the efficiency improved from a starting PCE of 3.9% to 6.6% after two weeks of storage.

Sustainable Energy & Fuels published new progress about Band gap Role: PRP (Properties), TEM (Technical or Engineered Material Use), USES (Uses). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Castro, Gabriel Abranches Dias; Fernandes, Sergio Antonio published the artcile< Microwave-assisted green synthesis of levulinate esters as biofuel precursors using calix[4]arene as an organocatalyst under solvent-free conditions>, Reference of 112-63-0, the main research area is levulinate ester sulfonic acid calixarene organocatalyst microwave green synthesis.

Levulinic acid, one of the top 12 value-added chems., can be obtained by the transformation of biomass by acid catalysis. Alkyl levulinate has been widely explored as a precursor for obtaining renewable fuel additives. In this work, the organocatalyst CX4SO3H was employed for the first time as an organocatalyst for levulinic acid esterification reactions. Various parameters, such as the temperature, reaction time, and catalyst load, were investigated. The optimized reaction conditions were a reaction temperature of 80°C (MWI), a reaction time of 2.5 min, a CX4SO3H catalyst load of 1 mol% and solvent-free conditions. Ten different alcs. were evaluated for the synthesis of alkyl levulinate with high yields (ca. 99%), with the exception of tert-Bu alc. (13% yield). The levulinic acid esterification reaction, a type of green chem. reaction, has many advantages such as (i) creation of a new C-O bonds, (ii) water being the sole waste, (iii) 100% carbon economy, (iv) metal- and solvent-free processes, (v) short time and (vi) nontoxic and reusable organocatalysts. These advantages, along with the simple workup procedure, make this efficient protocol a greener alternative to the traditional methods used for the synthesis of levulinate esters to generate biofuels.

Sustainable Energy & Fuels published new progress about Green chemistry. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Reference of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Rzhevskiy, Sergey A.; Topchiy, Maxim A.; Golenko, Yulia D.; Gribanov, Pavel S.; Sterligov, Grigorii K.; Kirilenko, Nikita Yu.; Ageshina, Alexandra A.; Bermeshev, Maxim V.; Nechaev, Mikhail S.; Asachenko, Andrey F. published the artcile< Undirected ortho-selectivity in C-H borylation of arenes catalyzed by NHC platinum(0) complexes>, Application of C19H34O2, the main research area is regioselective borylation arene platinum NHC complex catalyst.

Borylation of arenes with bis(pinacolato)diboron catalyzed by sterically encumbered NHC platinum complexes proceeds predominantly at ortho-position even in the absence of a directing group (o : m : p ratio up to 10: 3: 1). The similar borylation with pinacolborane would proceed less selectively.

Mendeleev Communications published new progress about Aromatic hydrocarbons Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Application of C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics