Tag: M.W=200-250

Wu, W. -Q. published the artcileElectrophysiological and behavioral evidence for a fourth sex pheromone component in the turnip moth, Agrotis segetum, COA of Formula: C14H26O2, the publication is Physiological Entomology (1995), 20(1), 81-92, database is CAplus.

In addition to the pheromone components (Z)-5-decenyl, (Z)-7-dodecenyl, and (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (Z5-10:OAc, Z7-12:OAc and Z9-14:OAc), it has previously been shown that the sex pheromone gland of the turnip moth, A. segetum contains 10:OAc, 12:OAc, Z5-12:OAc, Z9-12:OAc, 11-12:OAc, Z5-14:OAc, Z7-14:OAc, and Z11-16:OAc. To find out whether any of these addnl. compounds is involved in the sex pheromone communication in A. segetum, a comprehensive electrophysiol. and behavioral investigation was conducted. Single-sensillum recordings on male antennae revealed 3 subtypes of sensilla among the previously so-called Z5-10:OAc sensilla. One subtype was identified having 1 receptor neuron (A) that responded to Z5-10:OAc with a large spike amplitude and another neuron (B) that responded to (Z)-5-decenol (Z5-10:OH) with a small spike amplitude. In another subtype the B neuron responded to Z5-12:OAc and sometimes also to Z7-12:OAc and 10:OAc, in addition to responding to Z5-10:OH. In a 3rd subtype the A neuron responded to all acetates identified from the female pheromone gland, whereas the small spike amplitude neuron was tuned to Z5-10:OH. A flight tunnel assay showed that blends composed of 9, 8, or 7 compounds were equivalent to the previously identified 3-component pheromone blend in eliciting male behavioral responses. In field trapping tests, blends of 11, 9, or 7 compounds did, however, catch significantly more moths than the 3-component blend. Further assays showed that only Z5-12:OAc could significantly increase the catch numbers when added to the 3-component blend, and thus qualified as a 4th pheromone component in A.segetum. The behavioral significance of addnl. female-produced acetates – for which males possess antennal receptors – is suggested, but may be impossible to confirm because of diminishing returns when trying to refine a multicomponent pheromone further.

Physiological Entomology published new progress about 16974-11-1. 16974-11-1 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is (Z)-Dodec-9-en-1-yl acetate, and the molecular formula is C8H15NO, COA of Formula: C14H26O2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Srinivasa, H. T. published the artcileSynthesis of novel aryloxysilylethers using hexamethyldisilazane and laponite RD catalyst, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4′-hydroxy-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-carboxylate, the publication is Organic Chemistry: An Indian Journal (2012), 8(4), 130-134, database is CAplus.

The synthesis and characterization of some novel aryloxysilylethers from structurally diversified phenols and biphenols bearing alkyl-, alkoxy-, benzyl-, and ketone substituents is reported. Laponite RD was found to be a simple versatile catalyst for the conversion.

Organic Chemistry: An Indian Journal published new progress about 50670-76-3. 50670-76-3 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Benzene,Phenol,Ester, name is Ethyl 4′-hydroxy-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-carboxylate, and the molecular formula is C10H9ClN2O, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4′-hydroxy-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-carboxylate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tang, Ting published the artcileExperimental evidence for the formation of cationic intermediates during iodine(III)-mediated oxidative dearomatization of phenols, Synthetic Route of 50670-76-3, the publication is Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry (2018), 16(37), 6871-6874, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Iodine(III)-based oxidants are commonly used reagents for the oxidative dearomatization of phenols. Having a better understanding of the mechanism through which these reactions proceed is important for designing new iodine(III)-based reagents, catalysts, and reactions. A Hammett anal. of the oxidative dearomatization of substituted 4-phenylphenols was performed. This study confirms that iodine(III)-mediated oxidative dearomatizations likely proceed through cationic phenoxenium ions and not the direct addition of a nucleophile to an iodine-bound phenol intermediate.

Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry published new progress about 50670-76-3. 50670-76-3 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Benzene,Phenol,Ester, name is Ethyl 4′-hydroxy-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-carboxylate, and the molecular formula is C11H17BO3S, Synthetic Route of 50670-76-3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yokoo, Nobuo published the artcileStudies on synthesis of water-soluble chymotrypsin inhibitors. II, Recommanded Product: 2-(Dimethylamino)-2-oxoethyl 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate, the publication is Yakugaku Zasshi (1988), 108(5), 443-9, database is CAplus.

Water-soluble, substrate-analogous chymotrypsin inhibitors were synthesized to study the role of chymotrypsin and chymotrypsin-like enzymes in vivo. Ph esters of carboxylic acids containing condensed ring such as tetralin, naphthalene, indole, etc. show potent inhibitory activity against chymotrypsin. Thus, the influence of several substituents on the benzene nucleus of Ph component upon the inhibitory activity against enzymes was investigated. Phenolic esters containing basic substituents in the 4-position exhibited potent inhibition against chymotrypsin, e.g. the IC₅₀ value of 4-amidinophenyl tetralin-1-carboxylate was 5 × 10^-7 M. The activity of phenolic esters containing neutral substituents in the 4 position was weaker than that of the basic esters. The IC₅₀ value of the neutral ester, 4-(N,N-dimethylcarbamoylmethoxycarbonylmethyl)phenyl tetralin-1-carboxylate was 7 × 10^-6M. Acidic esters with carboxyl groups on the benzene nucleus inhibited most weakly of the three, whose corresponding IC₅₀ value was 6 × 10^-5M. A similar tendency was observed in other esters derived from benzoic acid, 1-naphthylacetic acid, 3-indolylacetic acid, etc. The relative order of inhibitory activity of the acyl groups against chymotrypsin was as follows: 5-methoxy-2-methyl-3-indolylacetyl ≥ 1-naphthylacetyl ≥ tetralin-1-carbonyl > 3-indolylacetyl > benzoyl. 4-(4-Guanidinobenzoyloxy)phenyl esters and 4-amidinophenyl esters inhibited not only chymotrypsin but also trypsin. On the other hand, the others, such as 4-(4-isopropylpiperazinocarbonyl)phenyl esters inhibited chymotrypsin specifically.

Yakugaku Zasshi published new progress about 59721-16-3. 59721-16-3 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Amine,Benzene,Phenol,Ester,Amide, name is 2-(Dimethylamino)-2-oxoethyl 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate, and the molecular formula is C8H6F3NO, Recommanded Product: 2-(Dimethylamino)-2-oxoethyl 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)acetate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Niitsu, N. published the artcileDownregulation of MLL-CBP fusion gene expression is associated with differentiation of SN-1 cells with t(11;16)(q23;p13), Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the publication is Oncogene (2001), 20(3), 375-384, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The translocation t(11;16)(q23;p13) has only been documented in patients with acute leukemia or myelodysplasia secondary to therapy with drugs targeting DNA topoisomerase II. The authors have established a myeloid cell line (SN-1) with the MLL-CBP fusion gene from an acute leukemia patient with t(11;16)(q23;p13). Although SN-1 cells were not induced to differentiate by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and 1α,25-dihydroxyvitamin D₃ (VD3), retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonists, such as 9-cis retinoic acid and Ro48-2250, effectively induced differentiation of the cells. Downregulation of the expression of the MLL-CBP fusion gene occurred during the differentiation of SN-1 cells. When SN-1 cells were treated with MLL-CBP antisense oligonucleotide, the cells were induced to differentiate by ATRA or VD3, suggesting that the MLL-CBP fusion gene dominant-neg. suppresses ATRA- or VD3-induced differentiation. Moreover, suboptimal concentrations of sodium butyrate, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, had a cooperative effect with ATRA or VD3 in inducing the differentiation of SN-1 cells. The downregulation of the expression of MLL-CBP mRNA was accompanied by the induction of differentiation. These findings suggest that RXR agonists or a clin. applicable combination of ATRA and butyrate derivatives might be useful for differentiation therapy in leukemia patients with the MLL-CBP fusion gene.

Oncogene published new progress about 122110-53-6. 122110-53-6 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester,Inhibitor, name is (Pivaloyloxy)methyl butyrate, and the molecular formula is C10H18O4, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Guo, Hao published the artcileContribution of odorant binding proteins to olfactory detection of (Z)-11-hexadecenal in Helicoverpa armigera, Name: (Z)-Dodec-9-en-1-yl acetate, the publication is Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (2021), 103554, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Helicoverpa armigera utilizes (Z)-11-hexadecenal (Z11-16:Ald) as its major sex pheromone component. Three pheromone binding proteins (PBPs) and two general odorant binding proteins (GOBPs) are abundantly expressed in the male antennae of H. armigera. However, their precise roles in the olfactory detection of Z11-16:Ald remain enigmatic. To answer this question, we first synthesized the antibody against HarmOR13, an olfactory receptor (OR) primarily responding to Z11-16:Ald and mapped the local associations between PBPs/GOBPs and HarmOR13. Immunostaining showed that HarmPBPs and HarmGOBPs were localized in the supporting cells of trichoid sensilla and basiconic sensilla resp. In particular, HarmPBP1 and HarmPBP2 were colocalized in the cells surrounding the olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) expressing HarmOR13. Next, using two noninterfering binary expression tools, we heterologously expressed HarmPBP1, HarmPBP2 and HarmOR13 in Drosophila T1 sensilla to validate the functional interplay between PBPs and HarmOR13. We found that the addition of HarmPBP1 or HarmPBP2, not HarmPBP3, significantly increased HarmOR13’s response to Z11-16:Ald. However, the presence of either HarmPBP1 or HarmPBP2 was ineffective to change the tuning breadth of HarmOR13 and modulate the response kinetics of this receptor. Taken together, this work demonstrates both HarmPBP1 and HarmPBP2 are involved in Z11-16:Ald detection. Our results support the idea that PBPs can contribute to the peripheral olfactory sensitivity but do little in modulating the selectivity and the response kinetics of corresponding ORs.

Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology published new progress about 16974-11-1. 16974-11-1 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is (Z)-Dodec-9-en-1-yl acetate, and the molecular formula is C14H26O2, Name: (Z)-Dodec-9-en-1-yl acetate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhuang, Yuanhong published the artcilePreparation of functionalized pectin through acylation with alkyl gallates: Experiments coupled with density functional theory, COA of Formula: C10H12O5, the publication is International Journal of Biological Macromolecules (2022), 278-285, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The covalent grafting of alkyl gallates onto pectin using a lipase-catalyzed reaction in a tetrahydrofuran/aqueous medium process acylated pectin mols. with excellent antioxidant and antibacterial properties. The alkyl gallates including Me, Et, and Pr gallates were enzymically grafted onto pectin mol., in order to study the effect of alkyl gallates on the functional modification of pectin. The grafting mechanism was analyzed by UV-visible spectrum (UV-Vis), Fourier transform IR spectrum (FTIR), proton NMR (¹HNMR), and d. functional theory (DFT). Results suggested that lipase grafted 4-OH of alkyl gallate onto pectin by catalyzing esterification in organic/aqueous solution, and the grafting rate was affected by the length of alkyl chain of the gallates mol. In vitro experiments, the acylated pectins exhibited stronger antioxidant activity in the DPPH test and β-carotene bleaching test and were found to have obvious antimicrobial performance against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules published new progress about 121-79-9. 121-79-9 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Natural product, name is Propyl 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoate, and the molecular formula is C6H10O7, COA of Formula: C10H12O5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pontiki, Eleni published the artcileHistone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs). Structure-activity relationships: history and new QSAR perspectives, Synthetic Route of 122110-53-6, the publication is Medicinal Research Reviews (2012), 32(1), 1-165, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A review. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibition is a recent, clin. validated therapeutic strategy for cancer treatment. HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) block angiogenesis, arrest cell growth, and lead to differentiation and apoptosis in tumor cells. In this article, a survey of published quant. structure-activity relationships (QSARs) studies are presented and discussed in the hope of identifying the structural determinants for anticancer activity. Secondly a two-dimensional QSAR study was carried out on biol. results derived from various types of HDACIs and from different assays using the C-QSAR program of Biobyte. The QSAR anal. presented here is an attempt to organize the knowledge on the HDACIs with the purpose of designing new chem. entities with enhanced inhibitory potencies and to study the mechanism of action of the compounds This study revealed that lipophilicity is one of the most important determinants of activity. Addnl., steric factors such as the overall molar refractivity (CMR), molar volume (MgVol), the substituent’s molar refractivity (MR) (linear or parabola), or the sterimol parameters B₁ and L are important. Electronic parameters indicated as σ_p, are found to be present only in one case. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Med Res Rev 32:1-165, 2012.

Medicinal Research Reviews published new progress about 122110-53-6. 122110-53-6 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester,Inhibitor, name is (Pivaloyloxy)methyl butyrate, and the molecular formula is C10H18O4, Synthetic Route of 122110-53-6.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Unbehend, Melanie published the artcileGeographic variation in sexual attraction of Spodoptera frugiperda corn- and rice-strain males to pheromone lures, SDS of cas: 16974-11-1, the publication is PLoS One (2014), 9(2), e89255/1-e89255/11, 11 pp., database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The corn- and rice-strains of Spodoptera frugiperda exhibit several genetic and behavioral differences and appear to be undergoing ecol. speciation in sympatry. Previous studies reported conflicting results when investigating male attraction to pheromone lures in different regions, but this could have been due to inter-strain and/or geog. differences. Therefore, we investigated whether corn- and rice-strain males differed in their response to different synthetic pheromone blends in different regions in North America, the Caribbean and South America. All trapped males were strain-typed by two strain-specific mitochondrial DNA markers. In the first experiment, we found a nearly similar response of corn- and rice-strain males to two different 4-component blends, resembling the corn- and rice-strain female blend we previously described from females in Florida. This response showed some geog. variation in fields in Canada, North Carolina, Florida, Puerto Rico, and South America (Peru, Argentina). In dose-response experiments with the critical secondary sex pheromone component (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate (Z7-12:OAc), we found some strain-specific differences in male attraction. While the response to Z7-12:OAc varied geog. in the corn-strain, rice-strain males showed almost no variation. We also found that the minor compound (Z)-11-hexadecenyl acetate (Z11-16:OAc) did not increase attraction of both strains in Florida and of corn-strain males in Peru. In a fourth experiment, where we added the stereo-isomer of the critical sex pheromone component, (E)-7-dodecenyl acetate, to the major pheromone component (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate (Z9-14:OAc), we found that this compound was attractive to males in North Carolina, but not to males in Peru. Overall, our results suggest that both strains show rather geog. than strain-specific differences in their response to pheromone lures, and that regional sexual communication differences might cause geog. differentiation between populations.

PLoS One published new progress about 16974-11-1. 16974-11-1 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is (Z)-Dodec-9-en-1-yl acetate, and the molecular formula is C4H11NO, SDS of cas: 16974-11-1.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Unbehend, Melanie published the artcilePheromonal Divergence Between Two Strains of Spodoptera frugiperda, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks, the publication is Journal of Chemical Ecology (2013), 39(3), 364-376, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Spodoptera frugiperda consists of 2 genetically and behaviorally different strains, the corn- and the rice-strain, which seem to be in the process of sympatric speciation. We investigated the role of strain-specific sexual communication as a prezygotic mating barrier between both strains by analyzing strain-specific variation in female pheromone composition of laboratory and field strains, and also male attraction in wind tunnel and field experiments Laboratory-reared and field-collected females from Florida exhibited strain-specific differences in their relative amount of (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate (Z7-12:OAc) and (Z)-9-dodecenyl acetate (Z9-12:OAc). In wind tunnel assays, we did not find strain-specific attraction of males to females. However, in field experiments in Florida, we observed some differential attraction to synthetic pheromone blends. In a corn field, the corn-strain blend attracted more males of both strains than the rice-strain blend, but both blends were equally attractive in a grass field. Thus, habitat-specific volatiles seemed to influence male attraction to pheromones. In dose-response experiments, corn-strain males were more attracted to 2% Z7-12:OAc than other doses tested, while rice-strain males were attracted to a broader range of Z7-12:OAc (2-10%). The attraction of corn-strain males to the lowest dose of Z7-12:OAc corresponds to the production of this compound by females; corn-strain females produced significantly smaller amounts of Z7-12:OAc than rice-strain females. Although corn-strain individuals are more restricted in their production of and response to pheromones than rice-strain individuals, it seems that differences in sexual communication between corn- and rice-strain individuals are not strong enough to cause assortative mating.

Journal of Chemical Ecology published new progress about 16974-11-1. 16974-11-1 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is (Z)-Dodec-9-en-1-yl acetate, and the molecular formula is C8H6ClF3, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics