Tag: M.W=100-150

Hao, Guojun published the artcileCatalytic depolymerization of the dealkaline lignin over Co-Mo-S catalysts in supercritical ethanol, Application In Synthesis of 5405-41-4, the main research area is dealkaline lignin catalytic depolymerization property.

In this work, lignin depolymerization was examined over CoMo sulfide catalysts supported on different carriers in supercritical ethanol system. The temperature, time, MoS2 and carrier effects on the lignin depolymerization were investigated. 95.76% liquefaction yield with negligible char was achieved over Co-Mo-S/ZrO2 at 340° for 150 min. The liquid product was mainly composed of C4-C8 alcs., C4-C10 esters and C7-C10 aromatic compounds The synergistic effect of active sites and acid-base sites on support played an important role in lignin depolymerization Furthermore, the Co-Mo-S/ZrO2 catalyst is reusable with 8% loss in liquefaction yield after 5 cyclic runs. We believe that acid/base carriers or additives that can promote the medium to generate abundant free radicals or ions to replace external hydrogen pressure are one of the prospects for the design of depolymerization lignin catalysts.

Biomass and Bioenergy published new progress about Adsorption. 5405-41-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate, and the molecular formula is C6H12O3, Application In Synthesis of 5405-41-4.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Guo, Haixin published the artcileHydrogen gas-free processes for single-step preparation of transition-metal bifunctional catalysts and one-pot γ-valerolactone synthesis in supercritical CO2-ionic liquid systems, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, the main research area is carbon transition metal bifunctional catalyst valerolactone one pot synthesis.

Hydrothermal carbonization of glucose (180 °C, 4 h) with 5-sulfosalicylic acid and nickel or copper sulfate afforded transition-metal (Ni/NiO, Cu/CuO) functional carbon (FC) catalysts in a single-step without hydrogen gas. Hydrogenation of levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone (GVL) in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2)-ionic liquid ([BMIM]Cl) systems with formic acid as H-donor source and Ni/NiO-FC catalysts gave 97% GVL yields (170 °C, 3 h). The Ni/NiO-FC catalysts (d = 50 to 200 nm) had well-dispersed Ni/NiO particles (<5 nm) with -SO3H, COOH and phenolic -OH functional groups; Ni/NiO-FC catalysts were more effective than Cu/CuO-FC catalysts. Ni/NiO-FC catalysts were active for conversion of substrates (Et levulinate, fructose, cellobiose or cellulose) to resp. products (GVL, 5-HMF, sugars). The role of scCO2 in the reaction system is one of improving mass transport and suppressing side-reactions via GVL product removal. Proposed methods for catalyst synthesis and substrate hydrogenation do not require hydrogen gas and are widely applicable to processing biomass. Journal of Supercritical Fluids published new progress about Adsorption. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wu, Shiliang published the artcileThe regulated emissions and PAH emissions of bio-based long-chain ethers in a diesel engine, Application In Synthesis of 539-88-8, the main research area is polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission ether diesel engine.

Catalytic etherification is a new and developing method for the upgradation of pyrolysis bio-oil into high performance bio-based long-chain ethers. In this work, the application of bio-based long-chain ether oxygenated additives in diesel engines have been checked by focusing on their regulated emissions and PAH emissions. Four bio-based long-chain ethers with similar structures, including: Polyoxymethylene di-Me ether, diglyme, dipropylene glycol di-Me ether and tripropylene glycol Me ether have been blended with diesel fuel and tested in a small-duty diesel engine. The results showed that long-chain ethers were beneficial to the reduction of regulated emissions by comparing to pure diesel. Polyoxymethylene di-Me ether and tripropylene glycol Me ether showed best performance among the four tested ethers. Polyoxymethylene di-Me ether could reduce 56% CO, 23% NO and 93% soot emissions, while Tripropylene glycol Me ether could reduce 52% CO, 28% NO and 88% soot emissions. Besides, the particle sizes of soot particles from the blended fuels were also reduced. What’s more, the addition of bio-based long-chain ethers could reduce particulate PAHs emissions by 39% ∼ 67% and reduce gaseous PAHs emissions by 25% ∼ 44%, and the PAHs toxicity was also reduced by 32% ∼ 55%. This work proved that the structure of oxygen atoms evenly distributed in the chain could efficiently suppress the production of soot precursors and eventually reduce the soot emission.

Fuel Processing Technology published new progress about Absorption. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Application In Synthesis of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mohan, Akhil published the artcileLiquid fuel from waste tires: novel refining, advanced characterization and utilization in engines with ethyl levulinate as an additive, Product Details of C7H12O3, the main research area is ethyl levulinate additive liquid fuel waste tire engine.

Pyrolysis is a promising thermochem. strategy to convert scrap tires into diesel-like fuels. Crude tire pyrolysis oil (CTPO) was produced in a 10 ton rotating autoclave reactor by thermal depolymerization of the tire polymers. In this work, the prior-reported straightforward and inexpensive strategy of upgrading CTPO using a combination of silica gel (as adsorbent) and petroleum ether (as the solvent) has been scaled up with minimal loss in mass of oil and improved physicochem. characteristics (e.g., lowered acid value, low sulfur content). The upgraded TPO (StTPO) was characterized extensively to better understand their chem. compositions, physicochem. properties, and combustion characteristics. StTPO was mixed with diesel in different volumetric proportions and the blends were studied for performance and emission characteristics in a single-cylinder engine. The use of biomass-derived Et levulinate (EL) as a fuel oxygenate improved the cold-flow properties of StTPO-diesel blends as well as lowered the exhaust emissions (e.g., lower NOx). A fuel blend consisting of 50% diesel, 40% StTPO, and 10% EL demonstrated the best fuel properties in the single-cylinder diesel engine.

RSC Advances published new progress about Adsorbents. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Product Details of C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhao, Deyang published the artcileInsights into bimetallic synergistic effect towards γ-valerolactone production under Co doped Zr-TiO2, HPLC of Formula: 539-88-8, the main research area is titanium oxide valerolactone production structural optical property.

Co doped into 5% Zr-TiO2 (Co@5% Zr/-TiO2) was prepared by a simple, facile sol-gel method, and employing in the catalytic transfer hydrogen (CTH) process starting from Et levulinate (EL) to γ-valerolactone (GVL). Lewis/Bronsted acid ratio and BET surface area increased with the incorporation of Co into Ti-Zr-O support. In addition, the synergistic effect between Co-Zr in TiO2 enhanced the strong acid strength sites. Co@5% Zr-TiO2 exhibited the highest catalytic performance (EL conversion 95%, GVL yield 88%) under optimum condition (0.2 M EL, 15 mL 2-PrOH, 190°C, 11 h). Noticeably, Co@5% Zr-TiO2 exhibited higher stability in 4th recycling experiments as compared to 5% Zr-TiO2 under identical condition. From computational calculation, EL adsorption process was more spontaneous with ΔEad= -8.240 eV. The protonation process made the reactants get close to the surface with a bonded O12-Ti2.179 Å and O6-Zr of 2.376 Å. Finally, GVL showed a strong leaving trend after the formation.

Molecular Catalysis published new progress about Adsorption. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, HPLC of Formula: 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Gu, Jing published the artcileEfficient transfer hydrogenation of biomass derived furfural and levulinic acid via magnetic zirconium nanoparticles: Experimental and kinetic study, Formula: C7H12O3, the main research area is furfural levulinic acid hydrogenation magnetic zirconium nanoparticle catalyst preparation.

A series of magnetic zirconium nanoparticles with varied Zr/Fe molar ratios were synthesized and developed as acid-base bifunctional catalysts in the catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) of biomass-derived furfural (FFR) and levulinic acid (LA) using 2-propanol as both hydrogen donor and solvent. Zirconium constituents coated on nano-sized Fe3O4 endowed the catalysts with abundant acid-base sites, moderate surface areas (94.0-187.6 m2/g) and pore sizes (3.42-9.51 nm), thus giving nearly 100% yields of furfuryl alc. (FA) and γ-valerolactone (GVL) after 2 h of reaction. Particularly, competitive activation energy (Ea) for the CTH of FFR into FA over Zr1Fe1-300 was as low as 50.9 kJ/mol. Moreover, the easily separable nanocatalyst Zr1Fe1-150 was also applicable to CTH of various alkyl levulinates into GVL in high efficiency and could be reused for multiple cycles without obvious loss of its catalytic performance in the transfer hydrogenation of LA.

Industrial Crops and Products published new progress about Absorption. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Formula: C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Manjunathan, Pandian published the artcileOne-pot fructose conversion into 5-ethoxymethylfurfural using a sulfonated hydrophobic mesoporous organic polymer as a highly active and stable heterogeneous catalyst, Computed Properties of 539-88-8, the main research area is fructose ethoxymethylfurfural organic polymer heterogeneous catalyst.

We report a sulfonated hydrophobic mesoporous organic polymer (MOP-SO3H) as a highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst for one-pot 5-ethoxymethylfurfural (EMF) production from fructose in ethanol solvent. MOP-SO3H was fabricated by co-polymerization of divinylbenzene (DVB) and sodium p-styrene sulfonate (SPSS) followed by ion exchange with dilute H2SO4, and its pore structure and acid d. could be tuned easily by varying the mole ratio of SPSS to DVB. 31P MAS NMR anal. using trimethylphosphine oxide as a base probe mol. indicated that MOP-SO3H possessed a weaker Bronsted acid site than conventional cation-exchange resins. The superhydrophobic properties of MOP-SO3H were retained even after incorporating a greater number of sulfonic acid groups into the polymer framework, while conventional solid acid resins exhibited hydrophilic properties. MOP-SO3H exhibited a superior catalytic performance in comparison with conventional acid resins, a mesoporous acid catalyst, and homogeneous acid catalysts in EMF production from fructose. After optimization of various reaction conditions using MOP-SO3H, a high EMF yield of 72.2% at 99.3% fructose conversion was achieved at 100°C in a very short reaction time of 5 h. Notably, MOP-SO3H showed a much higher EMF formation rate than the Amberlyst-15 catalyst (53.5 vs. 6.1μmol g-1 min-1). This superior performance of the MOP-SO3H catalyst was attributed to its unique feature of large surface area containing a large quantity of readily accessible acid sites distributed throughout the hydrophobic polymer framework. In addition to its high catalytic activity, the notable stability of the MOP-SO3H catalyst was also confirmed by leaching and recyclability tests. Thus, owing to its excellent catalytic performance and easy scalability, MOP-SO3H can potentially be used as an industrial heterogeneous catalyst to produce EMF from various fructose-containing biomass.

Catalysis Science & Technology published new progress about Absorption. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Computed Properties of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Srinivasa Rao, B. published the artcileDehydrative etherification of carbohydrates to 5-ethoxymethylfurfural over SBA-15-supported Sn-modified heteropolysilicate catalysts, COA of Formula: C7H12O3, the main research area is carbohydrate ethoxymethylfurfural silica tin heteropolysilicate catalyst dehydrative etherification.

Dehydration followed by the alcoholysis of glucose/fructose to 5-ethoxymethylfurfural (EMF) was carried out over SBA-15-supported tin-modified heteropolysilicate (SnSTA) catalysts. The physico-chem. properties of the catalysts were explored by X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), pyridine-adsorbed FT-IR spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2 physisorption, laser Raman and NH3 temperature-programmed desorption techniques. The characterization results confirmed that the Sn-exchanged STA species were productively embedded inside the pores of SBA-15 without disturbing the parent hexagonal structure. High conversion and selectivity towards EMF were achieved with 20 wt% Sn0.75STA on SBA-15. The high activity of the catalyst could be attributed to the well-dispersed intact Keggin Sn0.75STA on the support, which led to the generation of sufficient Bronsted and Lewis acidic sites. The influence of various reaction parameters such as catalyst weight, reaction temperature, and time was studied along with the stability and reusability of the catalyst.

Sustainable Energy & Fuels published new progress about Absorption. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, COA of Formula: C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Colmenar, Inmaculada published the artcileTropospheric reactivity of 2-ethoxyethanol with OH and NO3 radicals and Cl atoms. Kinetic and mechanistic study, SDS of cas: 623-50-7, the main research area is ethoxyethanol hydroxyl radical chlorine tropospheric reactivity.

Recent studies reveal that 2-ethoxyethanol (2EE) (CH3CH2OCH2CH2OH) is emitted from diesel/biodiesel blends used in vehicles. This compound has also been investigated in blends with diesel fuel for the reduction of CO emissions, hydrocarbons and particulate matter. In the work described here, rate coefficients for the reactions of OH and NO3 radicals and Cl atoms with 2EE have been determined at (298 ± 2) K and a total pressure of ∼700 torr using a relative rate method with SPME/GC-MSTOF (Solid Phase Microextraction/Gas Chromatog.-Mass Spectrometry Time of Flight Detection) and FTIR (Fourier Transform IR Spectroscopy) as detection techniques. The following rate coefficients (in cm3 mol.-1 s-1) have been obtained: (2.02 ± 0.19)× 10-10, (2.17 ± 0.11) ×10-11 and (4.80 ± 0.48) × 10-15 for Cl, ·OH and ·NO3 reactions, resp. The product formation has also been investigated. Ethylene glycol monoacetate, ethylene glycol monoformate, formaldehyde, Et glycolate and Et formate have been identified as major products for ·OH and Cl reactions. The formation of nitrated compounds has also been observed for the reactions with ·NO3 and with Cl in the presence of NO. The products are explained by a mechanism involving initial attack of the oxidant at the methylene groups followed by subsequent reactions of the resulting alkyl and alkoxy radicals. The atm. lifetimes calculated for 2EE reveal that the dominant loss process for this compound is clearly the daytime reaction with the OH radical.

Atmospheric Environment published new progress about Absorption. 623-50-7 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 2-hydroxyacetate, and the molecular formula is C4H8O3, SDS of cas: 623-50-7.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Munoz-Olasagasti, M. published the artcileThe relevance of Lewis acid sites on the gas phase reaction of levulinic acid into ethyl valerate using CoSBA-xAl bifunctional catalysts, SDS of cas: 539-88-8, the main research area is levulinic acid ethyl valerate bifunctional catalyst gas phase reaction.

A series of Co supported on Al-modified SBA-15 catalysts has been studied in the gas phase direct transformation of levulinic acid (LA) into Et valerate (EV) using a continuous fixed-bed reactor and ethanol as solvent. It was observed that once the intermediate product gamma-valerolactone (GVL) has been formed, the presence of aluminum is required for the selective transformation to EV. Three Lewis acid sites (LAS) are identified (from highest to lowest acid strength): aluminum ions in tetrahedral and octahedral coordination and Co+ sites. The intrinsic activity of these LAS for the key reaction, the GVL ring opening, decreases with the strength of these acid sites, but so does the undesirable formation of coke, also catalyzed by these centers. The best catalyst was that with the highest Al content, CoSBA-2.5Al, that reached an EV yield of up to 70%. This result is associated with the presence of LAS attributed to the presence of Co+ surface species that, although having low intrinsic activity in the selective GVL ring-opening reaction, are highly concentrated in this sample and also possess less activity in the undesirable and deactivating formation of coke. These Co2+ LAS have been stabilized by incorporation of aluminum into the support, modifying the reducibility and dispersion of cobalt species. Addnl., the lower proportion of metallic Co species decreases the hydrogenating capacity of this catalyst. This decrease is a pos. result because it prevents GVL hydrogenation to undesired products. This catalyst also showed promising stability in a 140 h onstream run.

Catalysis Science & Technology published new progress about Absorption. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, SDS of cas: 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics