Tag: M.W=100-150

Hao, Jianxiu published the artcileFacile use of lignite as robust organic ligands to construct Zr-based catalysts for the conversion of biomass derived carbonyl platforms into alcohols, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is lignite zirconium catalyst biomass carbonyl platform alc.

Use of lignite under mild conditions without destroying the natural functional groups and structures is a potential approach for the value-added utilization of lignite. Considering the abundant acidic functional groups in lignite, in this work, a novel and facile route using lignite as robust organic ligands to construct Zr-based catalysts was proposed, and the designed catalysts were applied in the conversion of biomass-derived carbonyl mols. into valuable chems. The universality of the proposed route for different rank coals and substrates with various structures were analyzed. Both the preparation conditions of the catalysts and the reaction parameters were systematically investigated. The obtained catalysts were characterized by SEM-EDS, XRD, FTIR, Raman, and TG, etc. The results demonstrated that the designed catalysts were highly efficient for the selective conversion of furfural into furfuryl alc. Under the optimized conditions, the conversion, yield, and selectivity were up to 93.4%, 81.0%, and 86.7%, resp. Both the reaction conditions and the performances of the catalyst were competitive compared with analogous catalysts. It was proved that the catalyst was heterogeneous and the reusability could be improved through demineralization of lignite via acid washing before use, and the catalyst prepared by demineralized lignite had no obvious changes in both performances and structures after 5 reuses. The proposed route was also identified to be applicable for other low rank coals besides lignite, such as long flame coal and coking coal. The catalyst prepared using lignite was robustly effective for the conversion of various carbonyl compounds with different structures, indicating the broad universality for different substrates. Detailed characterization showed that the performances of the catalyst were jointly influenced by both Zr contents and surface areas of the catalyst. This novel route of constructing Zr-based catalysts using low rank coal as raw materials is highly potential for application in the utilization of low rank coals and biomass resources, with the advantages of high efficiency of the catalysts, low cost of raw materials, and simple preparing process.

Fuel published new progress about Biomass. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yun, Wan-Chu published the artcileMicrowave Irradiation-Enhanced Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Levulinic Acid to γ-Valerolactone Using Ruthenium: A Comparative Study with Conventional Heating Processes, Computed Properties of 539-88-8, the main research area is levulinic acid ruthenium catalyst hydrogenation microwave Irradiation.

Conversion of biomass-derived levulinic acid to γ-valerolactone (GVL) via catalytic transfer hydrogenation (CTH) using conventional oven heating (COH) is associated with issues, such as long reaction time, and low yield. Microwave irradiation (MWI) appears to be a solution to address these issues as MWI can shorten reaction times and enhance yields. To explore effectiveness of MWI for LA conversion, MWI and COH are compared for LA conversion via CTH catalyzed by a model catalyst, Ru/C. Through investigating the effects of temperature and reaction time, MWI is validated to shorten the reaction time and enhance LA conversion efficiencies in comparison with COH. The optimal condition for the full LA conversion to GVL by Ru/C using MWI is 160°C for 30 min with 10 mg (Ru/C)/mL (2-PrOH). MWI is also validated to improve conversion of several common levulinate esters (LAEs) to GVL. The regenerated Ru/C can also exhibit almost the same catalytic activity as the pristine Ru/C for LA conversion using MWI. These results indicate that Ru/C is a highly-effective catalyst for LA conversion and MWI can further enhance LA conversion by Ru/C by shortening reaction time and increasing yield of GVL. Thus, MWI is a promising process for enhancing biomass conversion.

Waste and Biomass Valorization published new progress about Biomass. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Computed Properties of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yang, Shuhua published the artcileStudy on the influence of different catalysts on the preparation of ethyl levulinate from biomass liquefaction, Safety of Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, the main research area is ethyl levulinate biomass liquefaction heating.

The liquefaction experiments of straw biomass under heating and pressure were carried out with sulfuric acid and three ionic liquids as catalysts, 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM] [Cl]), 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM] [HSO4]), 1-methyl-3-(4-sulfobutyl) imidazole bisulfate ([HSO3-BMIM] [HSO4]), and anhydrous ethanol as solvent. The effects of catalyst type and dosage, reaction time and reaction temperature on liquefaction were investigated and optimized. The results showed that under the catalysis of sulfuric acid, the yield of Et levulinate was the highest; [HSO3-BMIM] [HSO4], the conversion of raw materials was the highest; when sulfuric acid was used as catalyst, the optimum reaction conditions were catalyst dosage 10%, reaction temperature 190 °C, reaction time 60 min, the yield of Et levulinate (EL) was 18.11%, and the conversion of raw materials was 75%. When [HSO3-BMIM] [HSO4] was used as catalyst, the optimum reaction conditions were as follows: catalyst dosage 26%, reaction temperature 200 °C, reaction time 60 min, the yield of EL was 10.2%, conversion of raw material 85.31%.

Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy published new progress about Biomass. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Safety of Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Bunrit, Anon published the artcilePhoto-Thermo-Dual Catalysis of Levulinic Acid and Levulinate Ester to γ-Valerolactone, SDS of cas: 539-88-8, the main research area is photo thermo dual catalysis levulinic acid levulinate ester valerolactone.

Herein, we developed photo-thermo-dual catalytic strategies for the production of γ-valerolactone (GVL) from levulinic acid (LA) and its ester using platinum-loaded TiO2 as a dual-functional catalyst. Both catalytic systems were evaluated under mild reaction conditions. In the photocatalysis system, a base plays crucial roles in the conversion of LA and EL to GVL. The control experiments reveal that plausible mechanistic pathways of both systems proceed via the hydrogenation of the ketone group of LA to the corresponding alc. as a major intermediate followed by a subsequent cyclization step to GVL. This dual-functional catalyst provides alternative strategies for the conversion of LA and its ester into GVL, which could pave the way for biomass utilization in a more effective and practical manner.

ACS Catalysis published new progress about Biomass. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, SDS of cas: 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wu, Jiaming published the artcileDesign of graphene oxide by a one-pot synthetic route for catalytic conversion of furfural alcohol to ethyl levulinate, Synthetic Route of 539-88-8, the main research area is ethyl levulinate furfural alc graphene oxide catalytic conversion.

Graphene oxide (GO) has abundant oxygen-containing functionalities such as hydroxyl groups and carboxyl groups with distinct acidities. This feature makes GO a potential solid acid catalyst for the acid-catalyzed reactions such as the production of Et levulinate (EL), a platform chem., from the acid-treatment of furfuryl alc. (FA). The structure and functionalities of GO are closely related to its catalytic performance, and thus it is necessary to establish the relationship between the chem. structure and the catalytic properties of GO. To achieve this aim, in this work, the GO catalysts were designed by a facile one-pot synthetic route with no subsequent modification. By controlling the parameters of oxidation process in preparation, multiple functional groups were immobilized onto graphitic substrate, significantly impacting the catalytic activity of GO in the conversion of FA to EL in an ethanol (EtOH) medium. The results showed that, the oxidation process significantly influenced the distribution of oxygen-containing functionalities on the surface of GO. The amount of the oxygen-containing functionalities can be adjusted by the oxidation parameters such as oxidizing agent equivalent, reaction time and temperature, while the organosulfate can only be remained at a moderate oxidation temperature The existence of the synergistic effect between the oxygen-containing functionalities and the organosulfate functionalities promoted the catalytic activity of GO for the acid-catalyzed conversion of FA to EL. This work provides a new strategy of design and development of functional graphene-based catalysts for the acid-catalyzed reactions, and lays foundation of the practicability of GO in biomass conversion.

Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published new progress about Biomass. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Synthetic Route of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cai, Zhenping published the artcileOne-pot production of diethyl maleate via catalytic conversion of raw lignocellulosic biomass, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, the main research area is lignocellulosic biomass catalytic conversion diethyl maleate production.

The conversion of lignocellulose into a value-added chem. with high selectivity is of great significance but is a big challenge due to the structural diversities of biomass components. Here, we have reported an efficient approach for the one-step conversion of raw lignocellulose into di-Et maleate by the polyoxometalate ionic liquid [BSmim]CuPW12O40 in ethanol under mild conditions. The results reveal that all of the fractions in biomass, i.e., cellulose, lignin and hemicellulose, were simultaneously converted into di-Et maleate (DEM), achieving a 329.6 mg g-1 yield and 70.3% selectivity from corn stalk. Importantly, the performance of the ionic liquid catalyst [BSmim]CuPW12O40 was nearly twice that of CuPW12O40, which can be attributed to the lower incorporation of the Cu2+ site in [BSmim]CuPW12O40. Hence, this process opens a promising route for producing bio-based bulk chems. from raw lignocellulose without any pretreatment.

Green Chemistry published new progress about Bagasse. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kim, Juyeon published the artcileBio-based process for the catalytic production of ethyl levulinate from cellulose, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is ethyl levulinate cellulose catalytic production.

This paper presents a bio-based process for the catalytic conversion of cellulose to Et levulinate and an anal. of its techno-economic feasibility. The said bio-based process relies as major feedstock on cellulose, which can be derived from lignocellulosic biomass. Cellulose is converted to Et levulinate via a homogeneous catalytic reaction whereby dilute sulfuric acid in combination with Al salts is the catalyst and ethanol is the solvent and reactant. This approach affords high Et levulinate yields but requires complex procedures for used catalyst and solvent recycling. Based on exptl. results on the homogeneous catalytic reaction and vapor-liquid equilibrium separation in the previous studies, a simulation was conducted that included process design, energy integration, and economic anal. Results from this simulation indicated the proposed bio-based process to afford a min. selling price of US$ 2,830 per ton of Et levulinate, which was highly dependent on an off-site supply of heating energy required for ethanol purification

Applied Energy published new progress about Biomass. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Peixoto, Andreia F. published the artcileProduction of ethyl levulinate fuel bioadditive from 5-hydroxymethylfurfural over sulfonic acid functionalized biochar catalysts, Product Details of C7H12O3, the main research area is hydroxymethylfurfural ethyl levulinate fuel bioadditive sulfonated biochar catalyst.

In this work, a series of novel -SO3H functionalized biochar materials were prepared and investigated for the first time as catalysts for the production of fuel additive Et levulinate (EL) from biomass-derived 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF). The employed biochar was directly produced from vineyard pruning wastes by a simple hydrothermal treatment using water in subcritical conditions followed by 3 different one-step sulfonation processes. The effects of sulfonating agent, reaction temperature, reaction time and alc. solvent were examined Full HMF conversion together with outstanding EL yields (over 84%) were achieved at 130°C and after 6 h over the biochar functionalized with the organosilane 2-(4-chlorosulfonylphenyl)ethyltrimetoxysilane (BioC-S3). Catalyst characterization suggested that the high acid strength (0.983 mmol H+·g-1) derived from the anchoring of arylsulfonic groups were responsible for the promotion of acid-driven etherification and ethanolysis steps. The BioC-S3 catalyst can be recycled without a significant loss of catalytic activity, indicating the stability of – SO3H organosilane group structure in the porous biochar. The obtained results offer a competitive alternative for the production of fuel additives, such as alkyl levulinates, using low-cost and easy-to-prepare biochar-based catalysts, all from lignocellulose resources, as an example to support a future exploitation of a potential biorefinery.

Fuel published new progress about Biomass. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Product Details of C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhang, Qifang published the artcileAcidic ion functionalized N-doped hollow carbon for esterification of levulinic acid, Quality Control of 539-88-8, the main research area is acidic ion nitrogen doped hollow carbon esterification levulinate.

Acidic ion functionalized N-doped hollow carbon (NHC-[C4N][SO3CF3]) has been successfully synthesized by quaternization of N-doped hollow carbon (NHC) with 1,4-butanesultone, followed by ion exchange with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. The catalyst was characterized by Fourier transform IR (FT-IR), SEM (SEM), acid-base titration techniques and other methods. A hollow spherical catalyst with regular morphol., high acid d. (2.72 mmol g-1) and good stability was obtained. Various characterizations showed that NHC-[C4N][SO3CF3] possesses abundant nanopores (3.41 nm), large Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area (154 m2 g-1) and strong and controllable Bronsted acid sites. The as-prepared NHC-[C4N][SO3CF3] was then used for the acid-catalyzed esterification of levulinic acid with ethanol. At the optimum conditions, the highest conversion of levulinic acid reached 94.17% and high conversion was maintained after recycling four times. Further investigation of the catalytic activity in the esterification of different aliphatic and aromatic alcs. with levulinate was carried out, showing good results.

New Journal of Chemistry published new progress about Biomass. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Quality Control of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

He, Jian published the artcileZrOCl2 as a bifunctional and in situ precursor material for catalytic hydrogen transfer of bio-based carboxides, Application In Synthesis of 539-88-8, the main research area is zirconium oxychloride carboxide catalytic hydrogen transfer.

Herein, we for the first time describe a direct and effective catalytic system based on ZrOCl2·8H2O capable of facilitating the one-pot one-step tandem synthesis of GVL from bio-based furfural or furfuryl alc. in 2-propanol by integrating sequential transfer hydrogenation, ring-opening, and transfer hydrogenation-cyclization reactions. A maximum GVL yield of 63.3% and 52.1% was achieved from furfuryl alc. and furfural at 200°C, resp. The synergistic effect of [ZrO(OH)2]n·xH2O species and Bronsted acid species H+, derived from in situ hydrolysis of ZrOCl2·8H2O, is accountable for its remarkable catalytic performance. Moreover, calcination of the leftover solid after tandem synthesis of GVL could fabricate a hollow microrod ZrO2 material, in which the formation of a microrod morphol. and hollow structure was probably attributed to the electrostatic repulsion forces among particles in the alc. solution and removal of generated humins/coke during the reactions within collected solids via calcination, resp. Importantly, hollow microrod ZrO2 innovatively featuring a high BET surface area, a large amount of acid-base sites and facile active-site accessibility thereby exhibited a superior performance in the catalytic transfer hydrogenation of biomass-derived aldehydes or ketones to ZrO2 prepared by the precipitation method.

Sustainable Energy & Fuels published new progress about Biomass. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Application In Synthesis of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics