Tag: M.W=100-150

Gupta, Aniket published the artcileCooperativity between the Substrate and Ligand in Palladium-Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation Using 1-Aryl-1-propynes, SDS of cas: 30414-53-0, the publication is Journal of Organic Chemistry (2022), 87(15), 10366-10371, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A monoprotected amino acid Bz-Gly-OH assists in the allylic alkylation of a variety of ketones, β-keto esters, aldehydes, etc., during enamine-palladium catalysis to gave alkylated products such as R¹C(O)CHR²CH₂CH=CHAr [R¹ = Me, Et, n-Pr; R² = Et, C(O)OMe, C(O)OEt, C(O)OBn, etc.; R¹R² = (CH₂)₃, (CH₂)₄, (CH₂)₅, etc.]. D. functional theory calculations revealed that Bz-Gly-OH assisted in the formation of an enamine that attacks the π-allylpalladium complex via an outer sphere mechanism. The preliminary result pointed to an asym. allylic alkylation under a new mode of bifunctional catalysis.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about 30414-53-0. 30414-53-0 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ketone,Ester, name is Methyl 3-oxovalerate, and the molecular formula is C6H10O3, SDS of cas: 30414-53-0.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Julia, Marc published the artcileOxidation of carbanions with lithium tert-butyl peroxide, Name: Ethyltert-butylacetate, the publication is Synlett (1993), 233-4, database is CAplus.

Lithium tert-Bu peroxide reacts with several carbanions, leading to the corresponding alcs. via oxygen transfer. Lithiated arenes can be converted into phenols. An easy and convenient preparation of ynolates opening the way to ketenes, esters or silyl ynol ethers from acetylides is reported. Lithiated hydroperoxides display an electrophilic behavior at oxygen that can be compared with the electrophilic properties of carbenoids.

Synlett published new progress about 5340-78-3. 5340-78-3 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is Ethyltert-butylacetate, and the molecular formula is C8H16O2, Name: Ethyltert-butylacetate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tanemura, Kiyoshi published the artcileSilica gel-mediated catalyst-free and solvent-free Michael addition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to highly toxic methyl vinyl ketone without volatilization, COA of Formula: C6H8O3, the publication is Tetrahedron Letters (2020), 61(30), 152142, database is CAplus.

Silica gel-mediated Michael addition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to Me vinyl ketone (MVK) and Et vinyl ketone (EVK) was carried out to give the corresponding adducts in quite excellent yields. The reactions could be carried out without any catalysts and solvents. In addition, highly toxic MVK and EVK could be employed without significant volatilization. Silica gel could be recycled five times without the decrease of the yields.

Tetrahedron Letters published new progress about 517-23-7. 517-23-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Tetrahydrofuran,Ketone,Ester, name is 3-Acetyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one, and the molecular formula is C9H9NO, COA of Formula: C6H8O3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pfeuffer, Steffen published the artcileEffectiveness and safety of cladribine in MS: Real-world experience from two tertiary centres, Computed Properties of 624-49-7, the publication is Multiple Sclerosis Journal (2022), 28(2), 257-268, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Oral cladribine has been approved for the treatment of relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS) yet real-world evidence regarding its effectiveness and safety remains scarce. To evaluate efficacy and safety outcomes of MS patients following induction of cladribine. We evaluated our prospective cohort of cladribine-treated MS patients from two tertiary centers in Germany. Relapses, disability worsening and occurrence of new or enlarging T2-hyperintense magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) lesions were assessed as well as lymphocyte counts and herpes virus infections. Among 270 patients treated with cladribine, we observed a profound reduction of both relapses and new or enlarging MRI lesions. Treatment appeared more efficacious, especially in patients without previous therapy or following platform substances. Patients switching from natalizumab were prone to re-emerging disease activity. Among patients following di-Me fumarate pre-treatment, severe lymphopenia was common and associated with increased rates of herpes virus manifestations. Overall, we observed an efficacy and safety profile of cladribine consistent with data from the phase 3 clin. trial. However, patients switching from natalizumab experienced suboptimal disease control beyond rebound activity following cessation of natalizumab. Furthermore, di-Me fumarate pre-treatment was associated with a profound risk of developing severe lymphopenia and subsequent herpes virus infections.

Multiple Sclerosis Journal published new progress about 624-49-7. 624-49-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Natural product, name is Dimethyl fumarate, and the molecular formula is C6H8O4, Computed Properties of 624-49-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Gudesblatt, Mark published the artcileHealth-Related Quality of Life with Diroximel Fumarate in Patients with Relapsing Forms of Multiple Sclerosis: Findings from Qualitative Research Using Patient Interviews, COA of Formula: C6H8O4, the publication is Advances in Therapy (2022), 39(7), 3199-3213, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Abstract: Introduction: Diroximel fumarate (DRF) is an oral fumarate for relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS). Clin. and real-world studies of DRF have demonstrated improved gastrointestinal (GI) tolerability and low (< 1%) GI-related treatment discontinuation vs. di-Me fumarate (DMF) and high rates of treatment adherence. Our aim was to conduct a concept elicitation study to identify treatment-related concepts most meaningful to patients and to evaluate how these concepts shape the patient perspective of DRF. Methods: In-depth qual. interviews were conducted with patients from Oct. to Dec. 2020. US adults who had been prescribed DRF through routine clin. care and had taken DRF for ≥ 3 wk in the past 6 mo were eligible to participate. Semi-structured interviews explored patient perceptions on treatment selection and impact. Results: Seventeen patients participated in the study. Mean (SD) age was 49.3 (12.0) years. Sixteen patients reported prior disease-modifying therapy, while 10 (58.8%) had prior DMF. DRF treatment duration ranged from ∼ 6 wk to 10 mo. Four key concepts emerged: (1) overall wellness and quality of life, (2) ease of administration, (3) minimal and manageable side effects, and (4) patient optimism due to MS treatments. Mode of administration (82.4%), no/mild side effects (70.6%), convenience over injectable/infusion medications (58.8%), and effectiveness (64.7%) were cited as pos. aspects of DRF treatment. Frequent dosing (52.9%) and food requirements (41.2%) were cited as neg. attributes; however, 94.1% had no dietary changes since starting treatment. Conclusion: The patient perspective is a key aspect when considering a disease-modifying therapy for MS, given the multitude of options currently available. Overall wellness, ease of administration, and minimal and manageable side effects were DRF-related concepts most meaningful to patients on therapy. Acknowledging these patient perceptions in shared decision-making may lead to greater patient adherence and optimal treatment outcomes.

Advances in Therapy published new progress about 624-49-7. 624-49-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Natural product, name is Dimethyl fumarate, and the molecular formula is C6H8O4, COA of Formula: C6H8O4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sainz de la Maza, Susana published the artcileEarly predictive risk factors for dimethyl fumarate-associated lymphopenia in patients with multiple sclerosis, Safety of Dimethyl fumarate, the publication is Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders (2022), 103669, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Lymphopenia is a major concern in MS patients treated with dimethyl-fumarate (DMF) as it increases the risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. A pronounced reduction in absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs) early after treatment initiation has been suggested to be associated with the occurrence of lymphopenia thereafter. To identify risk factors for DMF-induced lymphopenia and evaluate whether the degree of decrease in the ALCs three months after initiation of DMF treatment is a predictor of the subsequent development of lymphopenia. In this real-world Spanish prospective multicenter study conducted in MS patients who started DMF between 2014 and 2019, we analyzed the association between DMF-related lymphopenia and the percentage of early ALCs decline using regression models, considering both, significant lymphopenia (grades 2 + 3) and severe lymphopenia (grade 3). The cutoff values of early ALCs declines were obtained using the ROC curve. Among 532 MS patients treated with DMF, 193 (36.3%) developed any grade of lymphopenia. Older age and lower ALCs at treatment onset predicted the risk for lymphopenia but the best predictive risk factor was the reduction of ALCs within the three first months of treatment. Specifically, a reduction in ALCs≥21.2% was associated with a 6.5-fold higher risk of developing significant lymphopenia, and a decrease in ALCs≥40.2% with a 12.7-fold higher risk of developing severe lymphopenia. A pronounced reduction in ALCs early after initiation of DMF in MS patients is the best predictive risk factor for the subsequent development of significant lymphopenia.

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders published new progress about 624-49-7. 624-49-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Natural product, name is Dimethyl fumarate, and the molecular formula is C6H8O4, Safety of Dimethyl fumarate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tran, Huy published the artcileDivergent and Modular Synthesis of Terpenoid Scaffolds via a Au^I Catalyzed One-Pot Cascade, SDS of cas: 624-49-7, the publication is Angewandte Chemie, International Edition (2022), 61(1), e202110575, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

A one-pot cascade sequence to generate synthetically challenging polycyclic scaffolds is reported utilizing a novel Lewis acid gold catalyst for the key cyclization step, enabling the divergent synthesis of both 6,6,5-tricyclic and 6,6,6,5-tetracyclic cores through both ligand and reaction condition control. We have combined the intrinsic complexity and stereoselectivity of cycloadditions with the electronic and steric properties of gold complexes to selectively generate complex polycyclic scaffolds in a single operation.

Angewandte Chemie, International Edition published new progress about 624-49-7. 624-49-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Natural product, name is Dimethyl fumarate, and the molecular formula is C5H9IO2, SDS of cas: 624-49-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pinto, Barbara Fernandes published the artcileInhalation of dimethyl fumarate-encapsulated solid lipid nanoparticles attenuate clinical signs of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and pulmonary inflammatory dysfunction in mice, Quality Control of 624-49-7, the publication is Clinical Science (2022), 136(1), 81-101, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The FDA-approved Di-Me Fumarate (DMF) as an oral drug for Multiple Sclerosis (MS) treatment based on its immunomodulatory activities. However, it also caused severe adverse effects mainly related to the gastrointestinal system. Investigated the potential effects of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) containing DMF, administered by inhalation on the clin. signs, central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory response, and lung function changes in mice with exptl. autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). EAE was induced using MOG35-55 peptide in female C57BL/6J mice and the mice were treated via inhalation with DMF-encapsulated SLN (CTRL/SLN/DMF and EAE/SLN/DMF), empty SLN (CTRL/SLN and EAE/SLN), or saline solution (CTRL/saline and EAE/saline), every 72 h during 21 days. After 21 days post-induction, EAE mice treated with DMF-loaded SLN, when compared with EAE/saline and EAE/SLN, showed decreased clin. score and weight loss, reduction in brain and spinal cord injury and inflammation, also related to the increased influx of Foxp3+ cells into the spinal cord and lung tissues. Moreover, our data revealed that EAE mice showed signs of respiratory disease, marked by increased vascular permeability, leukocyte influx, production of TNF-a and IL-17, perivascular and peribronchial inflammation, with pulmonary mech. dysfunction associated with loss of respiratory volumes and elasticity, which DMF-encapsulated reverted in SLN nebulization. Our study suggests that inhalation of DMF-encapsulated SLN is an effective therapeutic protocol that reduces not only the CNS inflammatory process and disability progression, characteristic of EAE disease, but also protects mice from lung inflammation and pulmonary dysfunction.

Clinical Science published new progress about 624-49-7. 624-49-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Natural product, name is Dimethyl fumarate, and the molecular formula is C6H8O4, Quality Control of 624-49-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wood, Callum H published the artcileIncidence of persistent lymphopenia in people with multiple sclerosis on dimethyl fumarate., Product Details of C6H8O4, the publication is Multiple sclerosis and related disorders (2022), 103492, database is MEDLINE.

BACKGROUND: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a disease modifying therapy (DMT) used in the management of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Lymphopenia occurs in approximately 30% of people receiving this medication. The recently revised Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) recommends increased monitoring or cessation of this medication in the context of persistent lymphopenia, because of an increased risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). It is therefore important for clinicians and patients to be aware of the frequency of persistent, moderate-severe lymphopenia in order to make informed decisions regarding drug choice and safety monitoring. METHODS: We reviewed medical records of 156 people with MS (PwMS) started on DMF between 2014 and 2020, who received at least 6 months of treatment, in order to identify the incidence and duration of persistent lymphopenia. RESULT: Ten were excluded due to missing data. In 146 patients, treated for 30.7 months (mean), 16 (11%) were found to experience persistent moderate lymphopenia (0.5-0.7 × 10⁹/L) and 5 (3%) experienced persistent severe lymphopenia (<0.5 × 10⁹/L). Of the 5 patients with persistent severe lymphopenia, 3 discontinued DMF. Two cases stopped directly due to SPC recommendations and after 6-months no further DMTs were initiated. Treatment was withdrawn in a further case due to lack of efficacy. Two cases remained on DMF as their persistent severe lymphopenia predated SPC revision. Mean times to persistent moderate and severe lymphopenia were 10.6 months and 25.5 months respectively. Increased age was a predictor for persistent lymphopenia (B = 0.071, p = 0.004) while sex, and previous DMT were not.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders published new progress about 624-49-7. 624-49-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Inhibitor,Natural product, name is Dimethyl fumarate, and the molecular formula is C11H14O4, Product Details of C6H8O4.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Naksing, Thanyarat published the artcileBiological activities and potential of organic banana (Musa acuminata) peel extract in enhancing the immunity of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii), SDS of cas: 517-23-7, the publication is Aquaculture Research (2022), 53(7), 2645-2656, database is CAplus.

This research aimed to optimize the extracting condition of banana peel (BP) and to investigate the effect of organic banana peel extract (BPE) on the immunity of giant freshwater prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii). The result demonstrated that the optimum extracting condition of organic BPE was 50% volume/volume of methanol at 100°C for 10 min. Under this condition, the maximum total phenolic content and extraction yield of 10.44 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE) per g of dry matter (mg GAE/g DM) and 33% w/v were obtained resp. The organic BPE could inhibit an aquatic pathogen Aeromonas hydrophila at the min. inhibitory concentration of 625μg/ disk. The main phytochems. in organic BPE showed two major biol. functions, which are antioxidant and antipathogenic activities. Subsequently, the effects of organic BPE on the immunity of M. rosenbergii were investigated. The results demonstrated that the organic BPE could increase immunity and phagocytic activity and decrease the susceptibility of M. rosenbergii. Moreover, the organic BPE could also increase total as well as differential hematocyte count, decrease the coagulation time and increase the total protein in serum of M. rosenbergii. The phagocytic activity of prawn was enhanced to 82.00% by using an organic BPE at 6μg/g. At the same time, the cumulative mortality was declined to lower 20% after 6 days of organic BPE injection. In conclusion, organic BPE can be a potential immunostimulant in giant freshwater prawn culture. The utilization of BP in aquaculture can further add the value of BP and reduce organic pollutants.

Aquaculture Research published new progress about 517-23-7. 517-23-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Tetrahydrofuran,Ketone,Ester, name is 3-Acetyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one, and the molecular formula is C6H8O3, SDS of cas: 517-23-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics