Tag: 300-400

Optimizing the Design of Blood-Brain Barrier-Penetrating Polymer-Lipid-Hybrid Nanoparticles for Delivering Anticancer Drugs to Glioblastoma was written by Ahmed, Taksim;Liu, Fuh-Ching Franky;He, Chungsheng;Abbasi, Azhar Z.;Cai, Ping;Rauth, Andrew M.;Henderson, Jeffery T.;Wu, Xiao Yu. And the article was included in Pharmaceutical Research in 2021.Category: esters-buliding-blocks The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Chemotherapy for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) remains ineffective due to insufficient penetration of therapeutic agents across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and into the GBM tumor. Herein, is described, the optimization of the lipid composition and fabrication conditions for a BBB- and tumor penetrating terpolymer-lipid-hybrid nanoparticle (TPLN) for delivering doxorubicin (DOX) to GBM. The composition of TPLNs was first screened using different lipids based on nanoparticle properties and in vitro cytotoxicity by using 23 full factorial exptl. design. The leading DOX loaded TPLNs (DOX-TPLN) were prepared by further optimization of conditions and used to study cellular uptake mechanisms, in vitro cytotoxicity, three-dimensional (3D) glioma spheroid penetration, and in vivo biodistribution in a murine orthotopic GBM model. Among various lipids studied, Et arachidate (EA) was found to provide excellent nanoparticle properties e.g., size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, and colloidal stability, and highest anticancer efficacy for DOX-TPLN. Further optimized EA-based TPLNs were prepared with an optimal particle size (103.8 卤 33.4 nm) and PDI (0.208 卤 0.02). The resultant DOX-TPLNs showed 鈭?sevenfold higher efficacy than free DOX against human GBM U87-MG-RED-FLuc cells in vitro. The interaction between the TPLNs and the low-d. lipoprotein receptors also facilitated cellular uptake, deep penetration into 3D glioma spheroids, and accumulation into the in vivo brain tumor regions of DOX-TPLNs. Conclusion: This work demonstrated that the TPLN system can be optimized by rational selection of lipid type, lipid content, and preparation conditions to obtain DOX-TPLN with enhanced anticancer efficacy and GBM penetration and accumulation. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mass Spectrometry Metabolomics of Hot Steep Malt Extracts and Association to Sensory Traits was written by Bettenhausen, Harmonie M.;Barr, Lindsay;Omerigic, Heather;Yao, Linxing;Heuberger, Adam L.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Society of Brewing Chemists in 2021.SDS of cas: 1731-94-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In the brewing industry, there is value in defining sensory attributes of malt, and recent protocols have been developed that enable anal. of aroma and taste. One method, the “hot steep” is a hot water extract that is highly reproducible and able to distinguish malt flavor. However, the chem. of the hot steep extracts has not been fully defined, and the links between specific metabolites of the hot steep and their resulting sensory attributes remains largely unknown. Here, a study was designed to describe the metabolite chem. of hot steep extracts, and to characterize variation in this chem. and corresponding sensory by comparative anal. of 12 com. pale malts. Metabolomics was performed on the 12 malt hot steep extracts using three mass spectrometry platforms to detect volatiles (HS/SPME-GC-MS) and non-volatiles (UHPLC-TOF-MS and GC-MS). The anal. detected a total of 1,026 compounds including lipids, organic acids, esters, and Maillard Reaction Products (MRPs), of which 162 compounds (15.7%) varied among the 12 hot steep extracts Sensory of the 12 hot steep extracts was performed using an integrated Check All That Apply and quant. anal. method for 14 traits, and the data revealed cereal, grassy, and dough aromas were the attributes that varied. The metabolomics and sensory data were integrated using OPLS anal. The anal. revealed 64 compounds strongly associated with cereal aroma and included MRPs. A total of 23 compounds were strongly associated with grassy aroma including alkane/alkenes, benzenoids, organic acids, lipids, and fatty acid esters. Taken together, these data highlight the utility of the hot steep extract to differentiate malt for flavor and chem. and indicate specific compounds that drive the most dominant flavors observed in this population of pale malts. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Methyl nonadecanoate (cas: 1731-94-8SDS of cas: 1731-94-8).

Methyl nonadecanoate (cas: 1731-94-8) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.SDS of cas: 1731-94-8

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Active site architecture of an acetyl xylan esterase indicates a novel cold adaptation strategy was written by Zhang, Yi;Ding, Hai-Tao;Jiang, Wen-Xin;Zhang, Xia;Cao, Hai-Yan;Wang, Jing-Ping;Li, Chun-Yang;Huang, Feng;Zhang, Xi-Ying;Chen, Xiu-Lan;Zhang, Yu-Zhong;Li, Ping-Yi. And the article was included in Journal of Biological Chemistry in 2021.Reference of 604-69-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

SGNH-type acetyl xylan esterases (AcXEs) play important roles in marine and terrestrial xylan degradation, which are necessary for removing acetyl side groups from xylan. However, only a few cold-adapted AcXEs have been reported, and the underlying mechanisms for their cold adaptation are still unknown because of the lack of structural information. Here, a cold-adapted AcXE, AlAXEase, from the Arctic marine bacterium Arcticibacterium luteifluviistationis SM1504^T was characterized. AlAXEase could deacetylate xylooligosaccharides and xylan, which, together with its homologs, indicates a novel SGNH-type carbohydrate esterase family. AlAXEase showed the highest activity at 30 掳C and retained over 70% activity at 0 掳C but had unusual thermostability with a T_m value of 56 掳C. To explain the cold adaptation mechanism of AlAXEase, we next solved its crystal structure. AlAXEase has similar noncovalent stabilizing interactions to its mesophilic counterpart at the monomer level and forms stable tetramers in solutions, which may explain its high thermostability. However, a long loop containing the catalytic residues Asp200 and His203 in AlAXEase was found to be flexible because of the reduced stabilizing hydrophobic interactions and increased destabilizing asparagine and lysine residues, leading to a highly flexible active site. Structural and enzyme kinetic analyses combined with mol. dynamics simulations at different temperatures revealed that the flexible catalytic loop contributes to the cold adaptation of AlAXEase by modulating the distance between the catalytic His203 in this loop and the nucleophilic Ser32. This study reveals a new cold adaptation strategy adopted by the thermostable AlAXEase, shedding light on the cold adaptation mechanisms of AcXEs. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 604-69-3Reference of 604-69-3).

(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 604-69-3) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Reference of 604-69-3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Identification of pimavanserin tartrate as a potent Ca²⁺-calcineurin-NFAT pathway inhibitor for glioblastoma therapy was written by Liu, Zhen-zhen;Liu, Xiao-ning;Fan, Rui-cheng;Jia, Yu-ping;Zhang, Qing-ke;Gao, Xin-qing;Wang, Yu-qing;Yang, Meng-qing;Ji, Li-zhen;Zhou, Yong-qing;Li, Hong-li;Li, Ping;Tang, Bo. And the article was included in Acta Pharmacologica Sinica in 2021.Safety of 4-Acetamidophenyl 2-acetoxybenzoate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant type of primary brain tumor, and 95% of patients die within 2 years after diagnosis. In this study, aiming to overcome chemoresistance to the first-line drug temozolomide (TMZ), we carried out research to discover a novel alternative drug targeting the oncogenic NFAT signaling pathway for GBM therapy. To accelerate the drug鈥瞫 clin. application, we took advantage of a drug repurposing strategy to identify novel NFAT signaling pathway inhibitors. After screening a set of 93 FDA-approved drugs with simple structures, we identified pimavanserin tartrate (PIM), an effective 5-HT_2A receptor inverse agonist used for the treatment of Parkinson鈥瞫 disease-associated psychiatric symptoms, as having the most potent inhibitory activity against the NFAT signaling pathway. Further study revealed that PIM suppressed STIM1 puncta formation to inhibit store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) and subsequent NFAT activity. In cellula, PIM significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration, division, and motility of U87 glioblastoma cells, induced G1/S phase arrest and promoted apoptosis. In vivo, the growth of s.c. and orthotopic glioblastoma xenografts was markedly suppressed by PIM. Unbiased omics studies revealed the novel mol. mechanism of PIM鈥瞫 antitumor activity, which included suppression of the ATR/CDK2/E2F axis, MYC, and AuroraA/B signaling. Interestingly, the genes upregulated by PIM were largely associated with cholesterol homeostasis, which may contribute to PIM鈥瞫 side effects and should be given more attention. Our study identified store-operated calcium channels as novel targets of PIM and was the first to systematically highlight the therapeutic potential of pimavanserin tartrate for glioblastoma. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Acetamidophenyl 2-acetoxybenzoate (cas: 5003-48-5Safety of 4-Acetamidophenyl 2-acetoxybenzoate).

4-Acetamidophenyl 2-acetoxybenzoate (cas: 5003-48-5) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Safety of 4-Acetamidophenyl 2-acetoxybenzoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Proton pump inhibitors and traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the risk of acute interstitial nephritis and acute kidney injury was written by Leonard, Charles E.;Freeman, Cristin P.;Newcomb, Craig W.;Reese, Peter P.;Herlim, Maximilian;Bilker, Warren B.;Hennessy, Sean;Strom, Brian L.. And the article was included in Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety in 2012.Formula: C17H15NO5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Purpose : This study aims to examine the associations between proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (tNSAIDs), PPI + tNSAID co-exposure, and the development of the following: (i) acute interstitial nephritis (AIN), a specific kidney injury often attributed to these drugs, and (ii) acute kidney injury (AKI), a general kidney injury encompassing AIN. Methods : Two retrospective case-control studies were conducted, one for each outcome, within the General Practice Research Database. Cases were diagnostic-coded AIN (primary outcome) or AKI (secondary outcome) events. Controls were matched on age, sex, and general practitioner practice. Exposures were defined by the presence/absence of the following mutually exclusive therapies on the index date: (i) PPI alone; (ii) tNSAID alone; (iii) PPI + tNSAID; or (iv) neither PPI nor tNSAID (referent). Results : Sixty-eight AIN cases and 3347 controls were identified. The adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for PPI and tNSAID exposures alone were 3.20 (0.80-12.79) and 1.90 (0.65-5.51), resp. Numerous sensitivity analyses produced adjusted ORs for AIN between 3.0 and 7.7, and 1.6 and 1.9, resp. We identified 27 982 AKI cases and 1 323 850 controls. The adjusted ORs for PPI alone, tNSAID alone, and PPI + tNSAID exposures were 1.05 (0.97-1.14), 1.31 (1.25-1.37), and 1.33 (1.07-1.64), resp. Numerous sensitivity analyses produced adjusted ORs for AKI between 1.0 and 1.1, 1.1 and 1.3, and 1.3 and 1.4, resp. Conclusions : Proton pump inhibitor exposure may increase the odds of AIN, but this result was not definitive and should be confirmed in a dataset with more AIN cases to allow for increased statistical precision. TNSAIDs, yet not PPIs, were associated with a significantly increased odds of AKI. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Acetamidophenyl 2-acetoxybenzoate (cas: 5003-48-5Formula: C17H15NO5).

4-Acetamidophenyl 2-acetoxybenzoate (cas: 5003-48-5) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Formula: C17H15NO5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Analysis of functional traits in Gracilaria dura (Rhodophyta: Gracilariacae) reveals variation in wild and farmed populations was written by Sambhwani, Kanchan;Mathukiya, Gangotri;Dawange, Pankaj S.;Sequeira, Rosy Alphons;Prasad, Kamalesh;Mantri, Vaibhav A.. And the article was included in Journal of Applied Phycology in 2022.Computed Properties of C21H44O5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Seaweeds, due to their diverse product profile, are in huge demand globally, and therefore, to meet feedstock requirements, farming is pivotal. Gracilaria dura from Indian waters, due to its quality agar, has recently gained industry attention. This species has shown considerable phenotypic differences in wild and cultivated clones after uninterrupted farming for the last 15 years via vegetative propagation. Thus, to further assess the changes at the biochem. level, these two populations were studied for three consecutive months, viz. Dec., Jan. and Feb. The daily growth rate (DGR) ranged 3.52 卤 0.56 to 4.54 卤 0.31% day-1 for cultivated samples and 3.11 卤 0.29 to 4.20 卤 0.39% day-1 for wild samples. The cultivated samples showed 1.5 times higher DGR and 1.8 times higher productivity in Dec. assemblage, resp. Antioxidant potential was statistically similar for both samples and ranging from 0.029 卤 0.004 to 0.092 卤 0.001 mg g-1 FW ascorbic acid equivalent Amongst the proximate parameters, protein 22.38%, lipid 25% and carbohydrate 30.67% were significantly higher in Feb. cultivated samples. The native agar yields ranged from 5.02 to 3.43% on fresh weight biomass for all samples. Feb. cultivated samples gave a high agar yield, but the gel strength was the highest in Dec. cultivated sample with lower sulfate (2.51% 卤 0.21) and higher 3,6-anhydro-galactose content (31.21% 卤 2.02). The hormone auxin (IAA) was significantly higher in Dec. assembled wild samples, whereas gibberellic acid (GA3) was higher for the cultivated samples of all the months. The present study, for the first time, confirmed the occurrence of statistically significant differences in functional traits of economic importance. Further studies in this context are crucial for crop management and for developing elite strains through breeding. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Computed Properties of C21H44O5).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is 纬-valerolactone.Computed Properties of C21H44O5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Rumex nervosus leaves meal improves body weight gain, duodenal morphology, serum thyroid hormones, and cecal microflora of broiler chickens during the starter period was written by Azzam, Mahmoud M.;Qaid, Mohammed M.;Al-Mufarrej, Saud I.;Al-Garadi, Maged A.;Albaadani, Hani H.;Alhidary, Ibrahim A.. And the article was included in Poultry Science in 2020.SDS of cas: 1731-94-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A total of 192 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chicks were assigned to 4 treatments with 8 replicate cages of 6 chicks (3 and 3) per cage according to a completely randomized block design. The dietary treatments were a basal diet (control) and a control diet supplemented with 1,000, 3,000, and 5,000 mg/kg Rumex nervosus leaves meal (RN). Gallic acid and some volatile compounds were detected in the RN extract On day 10 of age, BW was improved (P = 0.016) with supplemental RN (1,000-5,000 mg/kg). On day 14 of age, dietary application of RN up to 3,000 mg/kg increased BWG (P = 0.003) compared with control, while a 1,000 mg/kg RN had the best feed conversion ratio (P = 0.016). On day 10 of age, samples were taken on a single female bird per replicate. The addition of RN (1,000-5,000 mg/kg) increased (P < 0.001) serum albumin and triiodothyronine levels and maximized the relative weight of breast meat (P = 0.003). Feeding a diet with 1,000 mg/kg RN resulted in greater duodenal villus height (P < 0.001) than control and the diet with 5,000 mg/kg RN. Broilers fed diet supplemented with 1,000 mg/kg RN had the best duodenal villus surface area (P < 0.001). Feeding a diet with 1,000 mg/kg RN decreased (P < 0.001) cecal Escherichia coli count compared with control and the diet with 5,000 mg/kg RN. Salmonella spp. count tended to increase with 5,000 mg/kg RN leaves meal (P = 0.069, linear P = 0.026). In conclusion, R. nervosus leaves meal could be considered as a phytogenic feed additive in broiler diets up to a 1,000-mg/kg inclusion rate because of its combined pos. effects on BWG, feed conversion ratio, villus height, villus surface area, serum albumin and triiodothyronine hormone, and cecal E. coli during the starter period (day 10-14 of age). Further study is required to elucidate its mol. mechanism. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Methyl nonadecanoate (cas: 1731-94-8SDS of cas: 1731-94-8).

Methyl nonadecanoate (cas: 1731-94-8) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120掳 C鈥揅鈥揙 and O鈥揅鈥揙 angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C鈥揙鈥揅 bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. SDS of cas: 1731-94-8

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sustainability in Skin Care: Incorporation of Avocado Peel Extracts in Topical Formulations was written by Ferreira, Sara M.;Fale, Zizina;Santos, Lucia. And the article was included in Molecules in 2022.Safety of Glyceryl monostearate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The avocado peel is an agro-industrial byproduct that has exhibited a massive increase in its production in the last few years. The reuse and valorisation of this byproduct are essential since its disposal raises environmental concerns. In the present study, ethanolic extracts of avocado peels of the Hass variety were obtained, for three extraction times (1.5 h, 3 h and 4 h) and analyzed for their antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Antioxidant evaluations of the extracts revealed that the extraction time of 1.5 h exhibited the best results amongst the three, with a DPPH inhibition percentage of 93.92 卤 1.29 and an IC₅₀ percentage, the necessary concentration of the extract to inhibit 50% of DPPH, of 37.30 卤 1.00. The antibacterial capacity of the extracts was evaluated and it was revealed that they were able to inhibit the growth and development of bacteria of the Staphylococcus family. The obtained extract was incorporated in two types of cosmetic formulations (oil-in-water and water-in-oil) and their stability was evaluated and compared with formulations containing synthetic preservatives (BHT and phenoxyethanol). The results of the stability evaluation suggest that the avocado peel extract has the potential to be incorporated in both types of emulsions, acting as an antioxidant and antibacterial agent, proving it to be a viable option to reduce/replace the use of synthetic preservatives. Furthermore, the avocado peel extract proved to be more effective and stable in oil-in-water emulsions. These results highlight the possibility of obtaining sustainable cosmetics, significantly reducing the neg. impacts on the environment by the incorporation of extracts sourced from the avocado peel, an interesting source of phenolic compounds, an abundant and low-cost byproduct. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Safety of Glyceryl monostearate).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Safety of Glyceryl monostearate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Phyto-emulsomes as a novel nano-carrier for morine hydrate to combat leukemia: In vitro and pharmacokinetic study was written by Kamel, Rabab;AbouSamra, Mona M.;Afifi, Sherif M.;Galal, Asmaa F.. And the article was included in Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology in 2022.Computed Properties of C21H44O5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

This study tackles the development of morin hydrate-loaded Phyto-Emulsomes (MH-EMs) using 尾-sitosterol as a 鈥瞙eart-friendly 鈥?alternative to cholesterol for curing leukemia. 尾-sitosterol was isolated from the aerial parts of C. pallescens Delile (Compositae). Phyto-Emulsomes were prepared using different ratios of glyceryl monostearate (GMS), phospholipon 80H (P80H) and ss-sitosterol (SS), then, their size, entrapment efficiency, and drug release were evaluated. Among the prepared formulas, MH-EM5 composed of GMS: P80H: SS (2:0.5:0.5) had the highest drug release efficiency (RE = 82.28 卤 1.96%) and the smallest particle size (271.7 卤 4.86 nm) with a uniform distribution. MH-EM5 was subjected to characterization including the micro-morphol. examination using TEM, thermal anal., in addition to biol. evaluation. The biostability of MH-EM5 in serum and bile salts was proved. The potential cytotoxicity of the free drug, MH-EM5 and its corresponding unmedicated formulation against normal oral epithelial cell and acute monocytic leukemia was studied. The results showed a negligible cytotoxicity in normal cells for all tested samples, while, cancer cells had a significant decrease in the cell viability in case of the selected formula (MH-EM5) compared to the corresponding unmedicated one as well as the free drug, at different concentrations up to 300 渭g/mL. Also, the oral bioavailability study proved the significant increase of all measured pharmacokinetic parameters, after a single oral administration of MH-EM5 compared to the free drug suspension. Regarding these findings, phyto-emulsomes can be considered as a safe and promising nanometric delivery system for the oral administration of morin hydrate due to the enhancement of its solubility, oral bioavailability and antitumor efficacy. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Computed Properties of C21H44O5).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is 纬-valerolactone.Computed Properties of C21H44O5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Paracoccus xiamenensis sp. nov., isolated from seawater on the Xiamen was written by Lyu, Lina;Zhi, Bin;Lai, Qiliang;Shao, Zongze;Yu, Zhiqiang. And the article was included in International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology in 2020.Recommanded Product: Methyl nonadecanoate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Strain 12-3^T was isolated from seawater of the Guanyinshan Coast, Xiamen, Fujian Province, PR China. The bacterium was Gram-stain-neg., rod-shaped, aerobic, oxidase-pos. and catalase-neg. Growth of strain 12-3^T occurred at 10-37掳C (optimum, 20-30掳C), at pH 5.0-11.0 (optimum, pH 7.0-8.0) and at a salinity range of 0-10% (optimum, 3-5%). The results of phylogenetic anal. based on its 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that strain 12-3^T belonged to the genus Paracoccus and had the highest sequence similarity to Paracoccus lutimaris HDM-25^T (97.4%), followed by Paracoccus isoporae SW-3^T (96.9%), Paracoccus caeni MJ17^T (96.9%), Paracoccus pacificus F14^T (96.8%) and other species in the genus Paracoccus (95.3-96.5%). The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and DNA-DNA hybridization (DDH) values between strain 12-3^T and P. lutimaris HDM-25^T were 76.1 and 17.0%, resp. ANI and DDH values between strain 12-3^T and P. isoporae SW-3^T were 78.9 and 18.2%, resp. The principal fatty acid of strain 12-3^T was summed feature 8 (C₁₈聽_:聽₁ 蠅6c/蠅7c) and C₁₈聽_:聽₀. The respiratory quinone of strain 12-3^T was Q10. The polar lipids included phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol and an unidentified glycolipid. The G + C content of the chromosomal DNA was 63.9 mol%. The combination of the results of the phylogenetic, phenotypic and chemotaxonomic anal., and its low ANI and DDH values indicate that strain 12-3^T represents a novel species of the genus Paracoccus, for which the name Paracoccus xiamenensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is 12-3^T (= MCCC 1A16381^T = KCTC 72687^T). This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Methyl nonadecanoate (cas: 1731-94-8Recommanded Product: Methyl nonadecanoate).

Methyl nonadecanoate (cas: 1731-94-8) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Recommanded Product: Methyl nonadecanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics