Tag: 300-400

Transesterification of castor oil for biodiesel production: Process optimization and characterization was written by Elango, Ragul Karthick;Sathiasivan, Kiruthika;Muthukumaran, Chandrasekaran;Thangavelu, Viruthagiri;Rajesh, Mathur;Tamilarasan, Krishnamurthi. And the article was included in Microchemical Journal in 2019.COA of Formula: C20H40O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In the present study, batch scale biodiesel production was carried out using castor oil by alkali-catalyzed transesterification process was reported. Initially, the transesterification parameters like reaction time, catalyst concentration, reaction temperature and oil: methanol molar ratio on biodiesel production was optimized by conventional method followed by statistical based central composite design method. According to the optimized exptl. results, the maximum of 94.9% FAME yield was obtained at 60°C with 1.25% (w/v) KOH catalyst and 1:12 oil: methanol molar ratio for 60 min of reaction, which was in agreement with the predicted yield (93.7%). The purification of crude biodiesel was performed by simple evaporation and silica gel adsorption. The quality of fatty acid Me ester was examined by Fourier Transform IR spectroscopy (FT-IR), Thin layer chromatog. (TLC) and Gas Chromatog.-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The anal. results showed that significant quantity of Me ester groups like ricinoleic, linolenic, palmitic acid and oleic acid were present in the biodiesel. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Methyl nonadecanoate (cas: 1731-94-8COA of Formula: C20H40O2).

Methyl nonadecanoate (cas: 1731-94-8) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.COA of Formula: C20H40O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Solid lipid nanoparticles for phytosterols delivery: The acyl chain number of the glyceride matrix affects the arrangement, stability, and release was written by Guo, Shu-Jing;Ma, Chuan-Guo;Hu, Yu-Yuan;Bai, Ge;Song, Zhen-Jia;Cao, Xin-Qi. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Quality Control of Glyceryl monostearate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The lipid matrix plays a key role in solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) embedding active ingredients. To investigate the influence of lipid matrix structure on arrangement, release, and stability of solid lipid nanoparticles, three phytosterols formulations with different carrier glycerides [glycerol monostearate (GMS), glycerol distearate (GDS), and glycerol tristearate (GTS)] were prepared and evaluated. X-ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry revealed the lowest crystallinity of phytosterols in the GMS matrix, corresponding to the maximum bioaccessibility (40.2%) in vitro experiments Sustained release and better stability were observed from GDS and GTS matrixes, which could be attributed to strong mol. interactions or a core-rich structure inside the nanoparticles. Mol. dynamics simulations demonstrated that the affinity between phytosterols and glycerides decreased in the order GDS > GTS > GMS, as well as explaining the release and storage capacities of the three nanoparticles. This study would facilitate the rational design of SLNs in functional foods. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Quality Control of Glyceryl monostearate).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Quality Control of Glyceryl monostearate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Use of NMR for quantitative analysis of pharmaceuticals was written by Kwakye, J. K.. And the article was included in Talanta in 1985.Related Products of 5003-48-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

An NMR method for anal. of pharmaceuticals involves the addition of an internal standard to a sample and subsequent extraction with a solvent, integrating the appropriate peaks and calculating the weight (W_t) of a component in the sample from the equation, W_t = E_T × I_TW_s/E_s/E_sI_s where E_T and E_s are the NMR equivalent weights of sample and the standard, I_T and I_s are the integrals of the selected sample and standard peaks and W_s is the weight of the standard used. Various tablets, capsules, and suspensions were analyzed by this method. Maleic acid, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, 3-acetobenzothiophene and vanillin were used as the internal standards The NMR method was simpler than the official methods and the time required for anal. was 40 min. The average recovery was 97.1-110.4%. However the method was less precise than the official methods. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Acetamidophenyl 2-acetoxybenzoate (cas: 5003-48-5Related Products of 5003-48-5).

4-Acetamidophenyl 2-acetoxybenzoate (cas: 5003-48-5) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Related Products of 5003-48-5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Biodegradable Surface Active D-Glucose Based Quaternary Ammonium Ionic Liquids in the Solventless Synthesis of Chloroprene was written by Erfurt, Karol;Markiewicz, Marta;Siewniak, Agnieszka;Lisicki, Dawid;Zalewski, Mariusz;Stolte, Stefan;Chrobok, Anna. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2020.Product Details of 604-69-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Five ionic liquids based on a quaternary ammonium core substituted with a D-glucose moiety and alkyl chains of varying length were synthesized as prospective phase-transfer catalysts. The catalytic activity of the obtained ionic liquids was tested in the dehydrochlorination of 3,4-dichloro-1-butene to chloroprene. The reaction proceeded in a two-phase system in the presence of an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. The results showed that the longer the alkyl chain in the cation, the higher the activity of the ionic liquid as a phase-transfer catalyst. The tested ionic liquids gave an easily recyclable system compared to classical phase-transfer catalysts that were soluble in the reaction system, with no leaching observed over five cycles (chloroprene yield >99%). The cytotoxicity and biodegradability of a series of synthesized ionic liquids based on D-glucose were determined so that a preliminary hazard assessment could be undertaken. Solvent-free synthesis of chloroprene in the presence of biodegradable surface-active D-glucose-based quaternary ammonium ionic liquids This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 604-69-3Product Details of 604-69-3).

(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 604-69-3) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Product Details of 604-69-3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Comparative Metabolite Fingerprinting of Four Different Cinnamon Species Analyzed via UPLC-MS and GC-MS and Chemometric Tools was written by Farag, Mohamed A.;Kabbash, Eman M.;Mediani, Ahmed;Doll, Stefanie;Esatbeyoglu, Tuba;Afifi, Sherif M.. And the article was included in Molecules in 2022.Related Products of 31566-31-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The present study aimed to assess metabolites heterogeneity among four major Cinnamomum species, including true cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum) and less explored species (C. cassia, C. iners, and C. tamala). UPLC-MS led to the annotation of 74 secondary metabolites belonging to different classes, including phenolic acids, tannins, flavonoids, and lignans. A new proanthocyanidin was identified for the first time in C. tamala, along with several glycosylated flavonoid and dicarboxylic fatty acids reported for the first time in cinnamon. Multivariate data analyses revealed, for cinnamates, an abundance in C. verum vs. procyandins, dihydro-coumaroylglycosides, and coumarin in C. cassia. A total of 51 primary metabolites were detected using GC-MS anal. encompassing different classes, viz. sugars, fatty acids, and sugar alcs., with true cinnamon from Malaysia suggested as a good sugar source for diabetic patients. Glycerol in C. tamala, erythritol in C. iners, and glucose and fructose in C. verum from Malaysia were major metabolites contributing to the discrimination among species. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1Related Products of 31566-31-1).

Glyceryl monostearate (cas: 31566-31-1) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Related Products of 31566-31-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Manilkara zapota (L.) Seed Oil: A New Third Generation Biodiesel Resource was written by Sathish Kumar, R.;Sureshkumar, K.. And the article was included in Waste and Biomass Valorization in 2016.Related Products of 1731-94-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The economic development of any country is appreciably affected by the extensive use of rapidly depleting fossil resources. Identifying new, renewable based energy resource is of vital importance and is a global requirement too. This study focuses attention on the introduction of a new biodiesel resource Manilkara zapota seed oil, production and characterization of biodiesel from M. zapota seed oil. The raw oil is extracted from the seed by a mech. expeller. The composition of fatty acids and physicochem. properties of the raw oil have been estimated The suitability of M. zapota seed oil for biodiesel production was studied based on its chem. structure and physicochem. properties. Me ester was produced from the raw M. zapota seed oil using transesterification process using an alk. catalyst. The composition of fatty acids and physicochem. properties of the biodiesel derived have been estimated and compared with EN14214 biodiesel standards The new biodiesel M. zapota Me ester meets the EN14214 biodiesel standards and could be a reliable substitute to diesel in diesel engine applications. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Methyl nonadecanoate (cas: 1731-94-8Related Products of 1731-94-8).

Methyl nonadecanoate (cas: 1731-94-8) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Related Products of 1731-94-8

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Monosaccharide Analogues of Anticancer Peptide R-Lycosin-I: Role of Monosaccharide Conjugation in Complexation and the Potential of Lung Cancer Targeting and Therapy was written by Zhang, Peng;Ma, Jing;Zhang, Qianqian;Jian, Shandong;Sun, Xiaoliang;Liu, Bobo;Nie, Liqin;Liu, Meiyan;Liang, Songping;Zeng, Youlin;Liu, Zhonghua. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2019.Computed Properties of C16H22O11 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Glycoconjugation is a promising modification strategy for the optimization of peptide drugs. In this study, five different monosaccharide derivatives (7a-e) were covalently linked to the N-terminal of R-lycosin-I, which yielded five glycopeptides (8a-e). They demonstrated increased or reduced cytotoxicity depending on monosaccharide types, which might be explained by the changes of physicochem. properties. Among all synthesized glycopeptides, only 8a exhibited increased cytotoxicity (IC₅₀ = 9.6 ± 0.3 μM) and selectivity (IC₅₀ = 37.4 ± 5.9 μM). The glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) with high expression in cancer cells was approved to be involved in the cytotoxicity and selectivity enhancement of 8a. Furthermore, 8a but not R-lycosin-I inhibited tumor growth in the nude mice xenograft model without generating side effects i.p. Taken together, this study reveals the different monosaccharide roles in peptide modification and also provides an optimized anticancer peptide with high activity and selectivity, i.e., 8a might be a promising lead for developing anticancer drugs. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 604-69-3Computed Properties of C16H22O11).

(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 604-69-3) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Computed Properties of C16H22O11

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Highly sensitive determination of benorilate using silver nanoparticles/polyindole/reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite modified electrode was written by Li, Rong-Fang;Zhang, Sheng-Feng;Kong, Fen-Ying;Wang, Zhong-Xia;Fang, Hai-Lin;Wang, Wei. And the article was included in Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry in 2021.SDS of cas: 5003-48-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

It is known that excessive intake of drugs can cause harmful side effects to the human body. Monitoring of drugs in tablets is important to control levels below allowable limits. Herein a novel electrochem. sensor for sensitive detection of benorilate was developed using silver nanoparticles-polyindole-reduced graphene oxide (AgNPs-PIn-rGO) nanocomposite. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) were used to investigate the electrochem. behavior of benorilate. The AgNPs-PIn-rGO nanocomposite exhibited outstanding electrocatalytic activity toward benorilate. In addition, the effects of scaning rate, pH and accumulation time on the performance of the electrochem. sensor were also studied. Under the optimal condition, the designed sensor showed an appreciable linear response range (0.06μM-80μM) and a low detection limit (6 nM). Meanwhile, the sensor also displayed excellent selectivity and good storage stability. More importantly, the established method was successfully applied for benorilate determination in pharmaceutical tablets and the result was satisfactory. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Acetamidophenyl 2-acetoxybenzoate (cas: 5003-48-5SDS of cas: 5003-48-5).

4-Acetamidophenyl 2-acetoxybenzoate (cas: 5003-48-5) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. SDS of cas: 5003-48-5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Are all aspirins really alike? A comparison of gastric ulcerogenicity with bioefficacy in rats was written by Rainsford, K. D.;Whitehouse, M. W.. And the article was included in Pharmacological Research Communications in 1980.COA of Formula: C17H15NO5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Fifteen aspirin [50-78-2] formulations (including 11 com. types) and various other salicylate preparations were compared primarily for intrinsic gastric ulcerogenicity in cold stressed rats. Several buffered aspirins were notably just as ulcerogenic as aspirin suspensions. High Na⁺-containing aspirin formulations were the least ulcerogenic of those examined but also exhibited the shortest duration of action as antipyretics when assayed against yeast-induced fever in rats. Incorporation of D-glucose [50-99-7] with certain metabolizable bases (citrate, acetate) markedly reduced the ulcerogenic activity of aspirin. Aspirin impurities, benorylate [5003-48-5], several non-acetylated salicylates (e.g. diflunisal [22494-42-4], diplosal [552-94-3]) were compared for antiinflammatory potency, antipyretic activity and gastric ulcerogenic. For non-analgesic use, salts of salicylic acid, diflunisal and diplosal would seem preferable to aspirin, conferring the same potential benefit (as antiinflammatory-antipyretic drugs) but with lower gastric ulcerogenicity. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 4-Acetamidophenyl 2-acetoxybenzoate (cas: 5003-48-5COA of Formula: C17H15NO5).

4-Acetamidophenyl 2-acetoxybenzoate (cas: 5003-48-5) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.COA of Formula: C17H15NO5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and antibacterial profiles of targeted triclosan derivatives was written by Howse, Gemma L.;Bovill, Richard A.;Stephens, Peter J.;Osborn, Helen M. I.. And the article was included in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2019.Electric Literature of C16H22O11 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

There is an ongoing urgent need for new targeted antibacterial compounds with novel mechanisms of action for the treatment of infections caused by bacteria that are resistant to currently available materials. Herein we report the synthesis and characterization of four α-D-glycopyranosides, e.g. I, and three β-D-glycopyranosides of the broad antibacterial agent triclosan, in generally good synthetic yields, and with excellent purity. Each triclosan glycoside was analyzed to determine its ability to inhibit the growth of a wide range of Gram-neg. and Gram-pos. organisms, including many of clin. significance. All of the triclosan glycosides that were synthesized demonstrated antibacterial activity against many of the organisms that were examined Two Bacillus strains could be identified from various strains of Bacillus and Staphylococcus after inoculation onto nutrient agar Number 2 with 0.25 μg/mL triclosan-α-D-glucopyranoside I. This glucoside may, therefore, be of use for the isolation and identification of the food-poisoning organism Bacillus cereus. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 604-69-3Electric Literature of C16H22O11).

(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 604-69-3) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Electric Literature of C16H22O11

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics