Tag: 200-300

New plasticizer and coalescent for graphic arts applications was written by Arendt, William D.;Brewer, Rebecca D.;McBride, Emily L.. And the article was included in Proceedings of the International Waterborne, High-Solids, and Powder Coatings Symposium in 2012.COA of Formula: C15H22O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Waterborne overprint varnish (OPV) has a significant role in the graphic arts industry. Some of the polymers used in this coatings industry segment are non-film formers at room temperature A plasticizer and/or a coalescent is required to help form a film properly to ensure full development of performance properties with these hard polymers. Glycol ethers, phthalates esters (such as Bu benzyl phthalate) and benzoate esters have been employed as plasticizers/coalescents for OPVs as well as ink. A new dibenzoate triblend plasticizer platform has been recently introduced for use in architectural coatings as a low VOC plasticizer/coalescent. Based on its broad range of compatibilities with polymers utilized in the coatings industry (for example, in vinyl acrylic, acrylic and styrene acrylic types), one of the triblend plasticizers, X-20, was evaluated initially in polymer dispersion/coalescent binary blends, a waterborne OPV and an ink formulation. In addition to the triblend, an entirely new monobenzoate plasticizer/coalescent will be introduced to the industry as an effective lower VOC alternative. The polymer selected for this evaluation is an industry standard hard styrene acrylic type utilized in simple starting formulations. This basic OPV evaluation includes the effect of the plasticizer/coalescent on min. film formation temperature, adhesion to different substrates, rub resistance, alkali and water resistance, viscosity response of the polymer dispersion, gloss, and other supporting data. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7COA of Formula: C15H22O2).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.COA of Formula: C15H22O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

New low odor benzoate coalescent for latex paint was written by Arendt, William D.. And the article was included in Proceedings of the International Waterborne, High-Solids, and Powder Coatings Symposium in 2000.Computed Properties of C15H22O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Coalescents used in latex paint are known to contribute to VOC (volatile organic compounds) content, and can also contribute to the odor of a recently dried coating. With the more stringent environmental regulations that formulators must accommodate, there is a need in the industry for a highly efficient, low odor and VOC coalescent. Recently, 2-ethylhexyl benzoate, a new benzoate ester that is low in odor and lower in VOC than the com. coalescent 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate (abbreviated TMB), was evaluated as a latex paint coalescent. The 2-ethylhexyl benzoate was evaluated for function in the following types of latex paints: contractor and high quality interior flats, an interior semigloss, an interior gloss, and exterior flat paints. The 2-ethylhexyl benzoate was compared to TMB in paint formulations at equal and low (-25% by weight) levels of the control coalescent. The evaluation specifically focused on the effect of coalescent on tests relating to coalescent function such as low temperature film formation and scrub resistance. The results indicated that the 2-ethylhexyl benzoate performed as well, or better than TMB coalescent, and was more efficient. In addition to being an effective and efficient coalescent, the 2-ethylhexyl benzoate is low in odor (neat and in room after paint application), and has a lower VOC that the TMB. The new coalescent offers the latex paint formulator an efficient raw material for the development of low odor and lower VOC latex paint. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7Computed Properties of C15H22O2).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Computed Properties of C15H22O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of prepolymer of polycarbonate through melt transesterification process was written by Wang, Jin. And the article was included in Gongcheng Suliao Yingyong in 2021.Computed Properties of C13H10O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The hydrogenated bisphenol A polycarbonate prepolymer was synthesized from di-Ph carbonate (DPC) and hydrogenated bisphenol A (HBPA) by melt transesterification in the N₂ sweep fluid and low vacuum degree. The prepolymer was analyzed using some simple methods, and its structure was determined by Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, thermal property was determined by differential scanning calorimetry, intrinsic viscosity was determined by ubbelohde viscometer, and appearance of the product was determined by UV-visible spectrophotometer and Ubbelohde viscometer. The structure and properties of hydrogenated bisphenol A polycarbonate (HBPA-PC) prepolymer were compared to that of bisphenol A polycarbonate (BAPC) pre-polymer. The results show that the structure of the polymer indicates that the polymer is polycarbonate. The prepolymer of HBPA-PC have lower than the prepolymer of BAPC in color property, and have higher than the prepolymer of BAPC in the melting temperature under the same synthesis condition in thermal stability and color property. The optimum synthesis conditions are obtained as follows: the dosage of catalyst is 0.00048 mol (1 mol HBPA), the molar ratio between DPC and HBPA is 1.06:1, polycondensation time is 25 min in the range of 170-190°C, polycondensation time is 30 min in the range of 200-220°C. The intrinsic viscosity, the chromatic aberration and the melting temperature of HBPA-PC prepolymer under the optimum conditions are 14.72 mL/g, 2.90, 220.1°C, resp. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0Computed Properties of C13H10O3).

Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Computed Properties of C13H10O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Effect of copolymerizing fluorine-bearing monomers on the relationship among internal structure, gas permeability, and transparency in copolymer networks composed of methacrylates and siloxane macromers was written by Yokota, Mitsur;Ajiro, Hiroharu;Akashi, Mitsuru. And the article was included in Journal of Applied Polymer Science in 2013.Product Details of 3063-94-3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

To clarify the effect of the type of acrylic monomer and the mol. weight (M_n) of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) on the relationship among the internal structure, oxygen permeability coefficient [P(O₂)] and transparency, crosslinked copolymers were prepared with two different acrylic monomers : Me methacrylate (MMA) and trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA). PDMS macromers with M_n of 1700, 3300, 4700, and 7800 g/mol were used. DSC measurements suggested that all constituent phases were insoluble with each other. The M_n of PDMS affected both the light transmittance and P(O₂). The relationship between the M_n and P(O₂) over the low M_n range (1700 and 3300 g/mol), and the calculated PDMS domain size ratio, were found to support the [M_n]^2/3 rule into the crosslinked copolymer. Furthermore, a 3300 g/mol M_n copolymer became transparent when the amount of PDMS was greater than PMMA. In addition, copolymerization with TFEMA drastically affected those properties, and this effect was much greater than the effect of the PDMS M_n. To clarify the mechanism of P(O₂) improvement induced by TFEMA copolymerization, calculations on the relationship among the P(O₂), PDMS volume fraction, and morphol. model were performed, and some properties such as solubility parameters should play important roles. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2012. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropylmethacrylate (cas: 3063-94-3Product Details of 3063-94-3).

1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropylmethacrylate (cas: 3063-94-3) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Product Details of 3063-94-3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Transport properties of fluids using new rough hard-sphere and molecular dynamics simulation was written by Farhadi, Mitra;Fakhraee, Sara;Akbari, Falamarz. And the article was included in Journal of Molecular Liquids in 2019.Application of 5444-75-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

We have studied transport properties, as well as the self-diffusion, viscosity and thermal conductivity of fluids by using new semi-theor. model based on the rough hard-sphere (RHS) theory. In the present study, the proposed RHS is employed to model the transport properties of CH₄, CCl₄, C₆H₆, CHCl₃, H₂O, R134a, 2-EHB, PE and PS for temperatures ranging from 110 to 530 K and at pressures up to 1000 MPa. Parameters appeared in the new RHS model are taken from previously developed perturbed hard-trimer chain (PHTC) equation of state. From 174 exptl. data points examined, the average absolute relative deviation AARD of predicted viscosities for CH₄, H₂O and R134a was found to be 6.59%. In the case of self-diffusion, the new RHS-based model correlated and predicted 139 exptl. data points with AARD equal to 4.06%. The proposed RHS-based model has also been extended to predicted 228 exptl. data points of thermal conductivity for CH₄, H₂O and R134a with AARD equal to 4.54%. In addition, mol. dynamics (MD) calculations were performed with the GROMACS simulation package and to investigate the thermophys. properties of fluids. The MD approach enabled us to calculate the d., viscosity, self-diffusion and thermal conductivity of CH₄ and C₆H₆. Finally, MD is applied to calculate d. of binary water-alc. mixtures including water-methanol and water-ethanol. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7Application of 5444-75-7).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Application of 5444-75-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Comparison of aroma components in eleven medium- and late-maturing Yantai apple cultivars by multivariate statistical analysis was written by Sun, Cheng-feng;Zhu, Liang;Zhou, Nan;Yang, Jian-rong;Li, Yan-shen;Jiang, Zhong-wu. And the article was included in Xiandai Shipin Keji in 2015.HPLC of Formula: 5444-75-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

To investigate the differences in the major aroma components between medium- and late-maturing Yantai apple cultivars, headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatog. mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed. The apple cultivars and their aroma components were analyzed using principal component anal. (PCA) and cluster anal. (CA). The results showed that 59 aroma compounds were identified from 11 apple cultivars, and 21 of these were common to all apple cultivars. Among the common aroma components, acetate esters, butyrate esters, hexanoate esters, hexanal (including 2-hexenal), and some higher alcs. showed higher concentrations The PCA results indicated that the comprehensive scores of Yang Guang and Dan Xia apples were the highest, while that of the Extremely Precocious Fuji apple was the lowest. The comprehensive score ranking reflected the differences of the major aroma components between the apple cultivars. The CA results showed that 11 apple cultivars could be classified into four clusters. Yantai Fuji 3, Dou Nan, Gan Hong, Extremely Precocious Fuji, Pinova, Yantai Fuji 1, and Best Short Fuji were classified into a cluster; Dan Xia and Yang Guang were classified into a cluster; and Liang Xiang and Hua Shuai were classified into two clusters. Through an effective combination of PCA and CA, the aroma characteristics of four apple cultivars (Dan Xia, Yang Guang, Liang Xiang, and Hua Shuai) were more prominent, providing a basis for parent selection in future apple breeding. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7HPLC of Formula: 5444-75-7).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. HPLC of Formula: 5444-75-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Evaluation and Characterization of Curcumin-β-Cyclodextrin and Cyclodextrin-Based Nanosponge Inclusion Complexation was written by Mashaqbeh, Hadeia;Obaidat, Rana;Al-Shar’i, Nizar. And the article was included in Polymers (Basel, Switzerland) in 2021.Quality Control of Diphenyl carbonate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Cyclodextrin polymers and cyclodextrin-based nanosponges have been widely investigated for increasing drug bioavailability. This study examined curcumin’s complexation stability and solubilization with β-cyclodextrin and β-cyclodextrin-based nanosponge. Nanosponges were prepared through the crosslinking of β-cyclodextrin with different molar ratios of di-Ph carbonate. Phase solubility experiments were conducted to evaluate the formed complexes and evaluate the potential of using β-cyclodextrin and nanosponge in pharmaceutical formulations. Furthermore, physicochem. characterizations of the prepared complexes included PXRD, FTIR, NMR, and DSC. In addition, in vitro release studies were performed for the prepared formulations. The formation of β-cyclodextrin complexes enhanced curcumin solubility up to 2.34-fold compared to the inherent solubility, compared to a 2.95-fold increment in curcumin solubility when loaded in β-cyclodextrin-based nanosponges. Interestingly, the stability constant for curcumin nanosponges was (4972.90 M-1), which was ten times higher than that for the β-cyclodextrin complex, where the value was 487.34 M-1. The study results indicated a decrease in the complexation efficiency and solubilization effect with the increased crosslinker amount This study’s findings showed the potential of using cyclodextrin-based nanosponge and the importance of studying the effect of crosslinking d. for the preparation of β-cyclodextrin-based nanosponges to be used for pharmaceutical formulations. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0Quality Control of Diphenyl carbonate).

Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Quality Control of Diphenyl carbonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Research on the controllable degradation of N-methylamido and dialkylamino substituted at the 5^th position of the benzene ring in chlorsulfuron in acidic soil was written by Meng, Fan-Fei;Wu, Lei;Gu, Yu-Cheng;Zhou, Sha;Li, Yong-Hong;Chen, Ming-Gui;Zhou, Shaa;Zhao, Yang-Yang;Ma, Yi;Li, Zheng-Ming. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2020.Recommanded Product: 102-09-0 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Owing to the lengthy residual problems associated with chlorsulfuron, metsulfuron-Me, and ethametsulfuron, which prevents them from being used in the “annual multi-crop planting system”, the application of these sulfonylurea herbicides (SU) has regrettably been terminated in China since 2014. In this field, we were the first to discover that the 5^th position of the benzene ring in chlorsulfuron is a key point for influencing its degradation rate and the amino moiety at this position showed faster degradation rates and maintained their original potent bioactivity. In this study, we further elaborated on N-methylamido and dialkylamino substituents at the same position in chlorsulfuron to obtain 18 novel structures as M and N series. Their half-life degradation (DT₅₀) values were faster, to varying degrees, than chlorsulfuron in acidic soil. It was found that most of the titled structures also retained their potent herbicidal activity and the crop safety of the M series towards corn greatly increased. Based on these data, a comprehensive graph describing the structure/degradation relationship was established first. Relating to the new mols., their herbicidal activity (A), degradation rates (D), and crop safety (S) relationship were correlated and we used this approach to predict and explore the most preferable mol., which coincided to the corresponding exptl. data. The new concept of controllable degradation will provide us with more insight when searching for new ecol. bioactive mols. in the future. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0Recommanded Product: 102-09-0).

Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Recommanded Product: 102-09-0

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Coalescent formulation studies: Efficiency and partition rates was written by Arendt, William D.;Strepka, Arron M.;Gruszecki, Kristy. And the article was included in Proceedings of the International Waterborne, High-Solids, and Powder Coatings Symposium in 2001.Product Details of 5444-75-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (2EHB) was recently introduced to the coatings industry as a low odor, low volatility coalescent. The original architectural paint data indicated that 2EHB is an effective coalescent for latex paint, and some of the data indicated that 2EHB is more efficient than the 2,2,4-tri-Me, 1-3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate (TMB). This initial efficiency data suggested the need to better define the apparent efficiency of 2EHB, factors affecting efficiency and its measurement. It was decided to measure efficiency performance in paint as opposed to measurements in neat emulsion coalescent blends. The primary yardstick tests chosen were low temperature coalescence (by porosity determinations and visual assessment), scrub resistance (room temperature and low temperature dry), and low temperature touch up. The efficiency data developed confirms that overall 2EHB is about 25% more efficient than TMB. However, differences in formulations sometimes hide these efficiencies. For example, it was difficult measure efficiency in high PVC flats. Also, in some high T_g polymers, the partition rate of 2EHB was slower than TMB. This fact can mask efficiency. The chem. nature of 2EHB is different from the TMB and this difference, in a few instances, may require different formulation or processing strategies. Understanding of performance differences is necessary to fully exploit 2EHB’s potential as an efficient latex paint coalescent. Guidelines on maximizing the efficiency of 2EHB as a coalescent will be presented. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7Product Details of 5444-75-7).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Product Details of 5444-75-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and evaluation of a novel fluorinated poly(hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate) polymer coating for corrosion protection on aluminum alloy was written by Yaseen, Waleed K.;Marpu, Sreekar B.;Golden, Teresa D.;Omary, Mohammad A.. And the article was included in Surface and Coatings Technology in 2020.Formula: C7H6F6O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The hydrophobic and corrosion resistive film of cross-linked poly(hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate) was successfully prepared by a simple photopolymerization method. The starting materials were a monomer of 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate, a photoinitiator of hydroxycyclohexyl Ph ketone, and a crosslinker of poly(ethylene glycol diacrylate). A very simple coating technique of drop-casting was used to deposit the fluorinated polymer onto an aluminum alloy substrate (AA 3003). The polymer coating was stable over a 60-day period when exposed to an aqueous solution of 3.5% NaCl as measured by open circuit potential technique. The fluorinated polymer coating had high corrosion protection when measured by potentiodynamic polarization with a reduction of 90% in the corrosion c.d. for the polymer-coated aluminum alloy over the bare substrate. The corrosion c.d. decreased to 0.065μA/cm² for the aluminum alloy coated with the polymer film compared to 0.708μA/cm² for uncoated aluminum alloy. Fourier-transform IR spectroscopy was used to monitor the polymerization process. The dynamic contact angle technique was used to measure the hydrophobicity for the fluorinated polymer coating and increased from 65° to 100° for the uncoated and coated substrate, resp. Contact angle measurements before and after treatment with strong acid were carried out to confirm the chem. resistance of the polymer coating. The thermal stability of the fluorinated polymer was measured using thermogravimetric anal. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropylmethacrylate (cas: 3063-94-3Formula: C7H6F6O2).

1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropylmethacrylate (cas: 3063-94-3) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Formula: C7H6F6O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics