Tag: 200-300

Potentiometric determination of trace amounts of aluminum utilizing polyvinyl chloride membrane and coated platinum sensors based on E-N’-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene) benzohydrazide was written by Tajik, Somayeh;Taher, Mohammad Ali;Sheikhshoaie, Iran. And the article was included in Journal of AOAC International in 2013.Recommanded Product: 106-79-6 This article mentions the following:

Described is the construction and performance characteristics of PVC membrane (PME) and coated platinum (CPtE) aluminum (Al) ion selective electrodes based on E-N’-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylidene) benzohydrazide. The electrodes exhibited linear responses with near Nernstian slopes of 19.9 ± 0.3 (PME) and 20.1 ±0.4 (CPtE) mV/decade of activity within the Al³⁺ range of 3.0 × 10^-7 to 1.0 × 10^-2 M for the PME and 1.0 × 10^-7-1.0 × 10^-2 M for the CPtE. These sensors were applicable in a pH range of 3.0 to 7.0. The LODs of the PME and CPtE were 1.7 × 10^-7 and 5.6 × 10^-8 M, resp. They had a response time of <10 s and could be used practically for a period of â‰? mo without measurable divergence in results. The isothermal temperature coefficient of the PME was 1.12 × 10^-3 V/K, and it can tolerate partially nonaqueous media â‰?5%. The electrodes showed excellent selectivity towards Al³⁺ in the presence of a wide range of alkali, alk. earth, and transition metals ions. They were successfully applied for the direct determination of Al³⁺ in tap water, aqueduct water, mineral water, and Al-Mg syrup and as indicator electrodes in potentiometric titration of Al ions with EDTA. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6Recommanded Product: 106-79-6).

Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Recommanded Product: 106-79-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Investigations of the Thermal Responsiveness of 1,4,2-Oxathiazoles was written by Hewitt, Russell J.;Ong, Michelle Jui Hsien;Lim, Yi Wee;Burkett, Brendan A.. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2015.HPLC of Formula: 27249-90-7 This article mentions the following:

The first systematic study of the thermal rearrangement/fragmentation of 5,5-disubstituted 1,4,2-oxathiazoles into isothiocyanates is reported. Structure-activity relations reveal that the choice of substituent at the 5-position of the 1,4,2-oxathiazoles is the predominant factor to influence the ease of fragmentation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7HPLC of Formula: 27249-90-7).

Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.HPLC of Formula: 27249-90-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Bio-based aliphatic/aromatic poly(trimethylene furanoate/sebacate) random copolymers: Correlation between mechanical, gas barrier performances and compostability and copolymer composition was written by Zubkiewicz, Agata;Szymczyk, Anna;Sablong, Rafael J.;Soccio, Michelina;Guidotti, Giulia;Siracusa, Valentina;Lotti, Nadia. And the article was included in Polymer Degradation and Stability in 2022.Formula: C12H22O4 This article mentions the following:

Highly promising fully biobased random copolyesters, poly(trimethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate-co-trimethylene sebacate) (PTFcoPTSeb), were synthesized by using bio derived 1,3-propanediol, di-Me ester of 2,5- furandicarboxylic acid, and sebacic acid, through eco-friendly polycondensation in the melt. Copolymers with high mol. weight containing 5, 15, 25 mol % of PTSeb were obtained, and their chem. structure confirmed by ¹H NMR and FTIR spectroscopy. The thermal, tensile and gas barrier properties and composability were studied in relation to the copolymer supramol. structure. As expected, introduction of PTSeb co-units results in lowering of glass transition temperature of copolymers and improves their flexibility. Besides, all copolymers showed outstanding gas barrier properties to O₂ and CO₂, with copolymer containing 15 mol % of PTSeb showing exceptional gas barrier properties, better than those of PTF and comparable to those of EVOH, currently used in multilayer packaging films. The same copolymer exhibited temperature induced shape memory behavior. It was found that low amounts (15-25 mol %) of PTSeb in copolymer significantly modifies PTF thermal, mech. and barrier properties and renders the final material compostable. Copolyesters containing 15 and 25 mol % of PTSeb can compete in some applications with com. available compostable Ecoflex polymer, but with markedly improved barrier properties. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6Formula: C12H22O4).

Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Formula: C12H22O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Distribution of fragrances and PAHs in the surface seawater of the Sicily Channel, Central Mediterranean was written by Vecchiato, Marco;Turetta, Clara;Patti, Bernardo;Barbante, Carlo;Piazza, Rossano;Bonato, Tiziano;Gambaro, Andrea. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2018.Synthetic Route of C12H14O4 This article mentions the following:

The Mediterranean Sea is highly influenced by several anthropic pressures, including different kinds of organic pollutants. Fragrance materials (FMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in the surface seawater of the Sicily Channel in offshore and coastal areas. Total concentrations of FMs and PAHs resulted resp. up to 112 ng L^-1 and 43 ng L^-1, with similar distributions of both classes of analytes. Low values were detected in some coastal samples, due to the upwelling of deep and unpolluted waters, while the presence of gyres probably accumulates contaminants in offshore areas. Confirming previous works, the allergenic and estrogenic Salicylates generally resulted the most abundant FMs and diagnostic ratios indicated combustion processes as the sources of PAHs. The coupling of the well-known PAHs with a new class of personal care products (PCPs) helped the identification of the major environmental drivers: the results highlighted the role of mesoscale hydrodynamics and suggested long-range atm. transport as key factors. The first detection of the selected FMs in open sea areas supports the hypothesis of their environmental persistence. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Formyl-2-methoxyphenyl isobutyrate (cas: 20665-85-4Synthetic Route of C12H14O4).

4-Formyl-2-methoxyphenyl isobutyrate (cas: 20665-85-4) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Synthetic Route of C12H14O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Esterification of dicarboxylic acids to diesters over Mⁿ⁺-montmorillonite clay catalysts was written by Reddy, C. Ravindra;Iyengar, Pushpa;Nagendrappa, Gopalpur;Prakash, B. S. Jai. And the article was included in Catalysis Letters in 2005.Product Details of 1190-39-2 This article mentions the following:

Esterification of dicarboxylic acids with various alcs. and phenols in presence of metal exchanged montmorillonite clay catalyst (Mⁿ⁺-mont; Mⁿ⁺ = Al³⁺, Fe³⁺, Cr³⁺, Zn²⁺, Mn²⁺, and Ni²⁺) was studied. Among the catalysts used, Al³⁺-mont was found to be the most effective, as it gave good to excellent yields of esters under mild reaction conditions. The heterogeneous catalyst presented here can be regenerated and reused. All these features indicate the high potential of the reaction as “green chem.” process. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2Product Details of 1190-39-2).

malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Product Details of 1190-39-2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of Cyclopentenones through Rhodium-Catalyzed C-H Annulation of Acrylic Acids with Formaldehyde and Malonates was written by Yu, Shuling;Hong, Chao;Liu, Zhanxiang;Zhang, Yuhong. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2021.Synthetic Route of C11H20O4 This article mentions the following:

An efficient rhodium-catalyzed protocol for the synthesis of cyclopentenones I (R¹ = Et, Bn, c-hexyl, etc.; R² = H, Me, Et, Ph; -R¹R²– = -(CH₂)₃-, -(CH₂)₄-; R³ = Me, Et, n-Pr, i-Pr, n-Bu) based on a three-component reaction of acrylic acids, formaldehyde, and malonates via vinylic C-H activation is reported. Exploratory studies showed that 5-alkylation of as-prepared cyclopentenones could be realized smoothly by the treatment of a variety of alkyl halides with a Na₂CO₃/MeOH solution Excess formaldehyde and malonate led to a multicomponent reaction that afforded the multisubstituted cyclopentenones II (R¹ = n-Bu, 3-FC₆H₄, Ph(CH₂)₂, etc.; R² = H, Me, Et, etc.; R³ = Me, Et, n-Pr, i-Pr; -R¹R²– = -(CH₂)₄-) through a Michael addition In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2Synthetic Route of C11H20O4).

malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Synthetic Route of C11H20O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Towards the design of new electron donors for Ziegler-Natta catalyzed propylene polymerization using QSPR modeling was written by Ratanasak, Manussada;Rungrotmongkol, Thanyada;Saengsawang, Oraphan;Hannongbua, Supot;Parasuk, Vudhichai. And the article was included in Polymer in 2015.Synthetic Route of C11H20O4 This article mentions the following:

Electron donors enhance the productivity and isotacticity of products of the Ziegler-Natta catalyzed propylene polymerization Using the fact that adsorption energies of electron donors to catalyst surface are linearly related to activities, the Quant. Structure Property Relationship (QSPR) for adsorption energies was performed for a set of 24 compounds from 3 different groups, i.e., phthalates, 1,3-diethers and malonates using the multiple linear regression (MLR) anal. The QSPR model shows high correlation (R² = 0.84, R²_CV = 0.83) between adsorption energies and 3 descriptors, i.e., the radius of gyration (50%), the dipole moment (16%), and the forcite bond energy (34%). Consequently, the catalyst activity of propylene polymerization mainly depended on steric hindrance. The predictive ability of the model was successfully validated with a set of five electron donors which randomly selected from three different groups. Predictive R² for the test set was 0.77, indicating good predictive ability of the model. The QSPR model provided the valuable information for the design of better electron donors for propylene polymerization In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2Synthetic Route of C11H20O4).

malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Synthetic Route of C11H20O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Alkenylation by dibromides of 1,3-butadiene and isoprene. Transformations of tetraethyl esters of 1,6-disubstituted 3-hexene- and 1,6-disubstituted 3-methyl-3-hexene-1,1,6,6-tetracarboxylic acids was written by Chachatryan, L. A.;Akhnazaryan, A. A.;Manukyan, M. A.;Dangyan, M. T.. And the article was included in Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii in 1975.Name: Diethyl isobutylmalonate This article mentions the following:

Reaction of RCH(CO2Et)2 with BrCH2CH:CR1CH2Br (R1 = H, Me) gave 50-80% (E)- and (Z)- (EtO2C)2CRCH2CH:CR1CH2CR(CO2Et)2 (I); alk. decarboxylation of I (R1 = Me) gave either HO2CCHRCH2CH:CMeCH2CHRCO2H or the lactone of the corresponding saturated 4-methyl-4-hydroxy analog. The lactone formation could be either thermal or catalytic. The trans-I (R = H) gave on bromination in CCl4 or oxidation by AcO2H the γ,γ-lactones of 2,7-disubstituted-2,7-dicarbethoxy-4,5-dihydroxysuberic acids. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl isobutylmalonate (cas: 10203-58-4Name: Diethyl isobutylmalonate).

Diethyl isobutylmalonate (cas: 10203-58-4) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Name: Diethyl isobutylmalonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Copper-catalyzed cyanoisopropylation of beta-keto esters using azos: synthesis of beta-dicarbonyls bearing an alfa-tertiary nitrile moiety was written by Li, Yanni;Yang, Ruirong;Zhao, Xiaohui;Yao, Yongchao;Yang, Siping;Wu, Qiong;Liang, Deqiang. And the article was included in Synthetic Communications in 2019.Electric Literature of C12H14O3 This article mentions the following:

A copper-catalyzed α-cyanoisopropylation reaction of β-keto esters using azo compounds as cyanoalkylating agents is presented, providing an easy access to β-dicarbonyls containing an α-tertiary nitrile moiety with adjacent tertiary and quaternary carbon centers. It is remarkable because a tremendous steric conflict is involved during reaction. Such nitriles were otherwise unavailable, and the reaction features simple and relatively mild conditions and good functional-group tolerance. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9Electric Literature of C12H14O3).

Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Electric Literature of C12H14O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Enantioselectivity switch in asymmetric Michael addition reactions using phosphonium salts was written by Fang, Guosheng;Wang, Hongyu;Zheng, Changwu;Pan, Lu;Zhao, Gang. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2021.Name: malonic acid dibutyl ester This article mentions the following:

Here,a general method to obtain both enantiomeric products via fine tuning the hydrogen-bonding interactions of phosphonium salts was reported. Amino acid derived phosphonium salts and dipeptide derived phosphonium salts exhibited different properties for controlling the transition state, which could efficiently promote the Michael addition reaction to give opposite configurations of products with high yields and enantioselectivities. Preliminary investigations on the mechanism of the reaction and applications of the products were also performed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2Name: malonic acid dibutyl ester).

malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Name: malonic acid dibutyl ester

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics