Tag: 200-300

RAFT Polymerization of Vinylthiophene Derivatives and Synthesis of Block Copolymers Having Cross-Linkable Segments was written by Mori, Hideharu;Takano, Ken;Endo, Takeshi. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2009.Formula: C14H12S2 This article mentions the following:

The polymerization of three vinylthiophene derivatives, 2-vinylthiophene (2VT), 3-vinylthiophene (3VT), and 2,5-dibromo-3-vinylthiophene (DB3VT), was carried out by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) process using six different chain transfer agents (CTAs). The novel doubly polymerizable monomer, DB3VT, undergoes controlled radical polymerization via the RAFT process, followed by Suzuki coupling reaction. Two dithiobenzoate-type RAFT agents, phenylethyl dithiobenzoate (CTA 2) and cumyl dithiobenzoate (CTA 3), were the most efficient to obtain poly(DB3VT) with controlled mol. weights and low polydispersities (M_w/M_n = 1.05-1.15). Good control of the polymerization of DB3VT was confirmed by the linear increase in the mol. weight with the conversion and the ability to extend the chain by a second addition of the monomer. Chain extension from poly(Me methacrylate) to DB3VT could be well controlled under suitable conditions and provided block copolymers having cross-linkable poly(DB3VT) segments with as-designed chain structures and low polydispersities. The block copolymers were also synthesized by RAFT polymerization of DB3VT using poly(Me acrylate) as a macro-chain transfer agent (macro-CTA). Modifications of the 2,5-dibromide group of poly(DB3VT) by Suzuki coupling reaction using difunctional boronic acid afforded a network material, whereas a soluble composite having an extended π-structure was obtained by the coupling reaction of the block copolymer, poly(Me methacrylate)-b-poly(DB3VT). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7Formula: C14H12S2).

Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Formula: C14H12S2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Multifunctional poly(amine-ester)-type hyperbranched polymers: lipase-catalyzed green synthesis, characterization, biocompatibility, drug loading and anticancer activity was written by Xu, Fangli;Zhong, Jiaren;Qian, Xueqi;Li, Yanyan;Lin, Xianfu;Wu, Qi. And the article was included in Polymer Chemistry in 2013.Recommanded Product: Dimethyl decanedioate This article mentions the following:

Hyperbranched polymers (HBPs) have attracted more and more attention because of their specially branched architecture and interesting properties. A series of novel poly(amine-ester)-type HBPs were synthesized through CALB-catalyzed polycondensation between triethanolamine (TEOA) and diesters after the optimization of reaction conditions. The precise structure including degree of branching, components percentage, and the controllable terminal structures at the outer surface were determined by FTIR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, 2D NMR and GPC. The interesting multifunctionality displayed by the poly(amine-ester)-type HBPs was investigated. These HBPs could be degraded efficiently under the catalysis of lipase in weak acid buffer. The amphiphilic HBPs with hydroxyl terminals were able to form multimol. micelles with 250-400 nm diameter, and 0.042 g L^-1 CMC. They were nontoxic to COS-7 cells, while they could effectively inhibit the growth of cancer cells HepG2 with IC₅₀ of 130 μg mL^-1 after an anticancer drug was encapsulated within the micelles. All these results indicated the prepared poly(amine-ester)-type HBPs can serve as multifunctional biomaterials for biomedical applications. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6Recommanded Product: Dimethyl decanedioate).

Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Recommanded Product: Dimethyl decanedioate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A NbO-type metal-organic framework exhibiting high deliverable capacity for methane storage was written by Song, Chengling;Ling, Yajing;Feng, Yunlong;Zhou, Wei;Yildirim, Taner;He, Yabing. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2015.Product Details of 313648-56-5 This article mentions the following:

A Cu-based NbO-type metal-organic framework ZJNU-50 constructed from a tetracarboxylate incorporating phenylethyne as a spacer exhibited an exceptionally high methane working capacity of 184 cm³ (STP) cm^-3 for methane storage. The value is among the highest reported for MOF materials. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl 5-ethynylisophthalate (cas: 313648-56-5Product Details of 313648-56-5).

Dimethyl 5-ethynylisophthalate (cas: 313648-56-5) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Product Details of 313648-56-5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Transesterification of ethylene carbonate with dimethyl sebacate was written by Zhang, Dan;Li, Jun-hua. And the article was included in Huaxue Shiji in 2014.Recommanded Product: Dimethyl decanedioate This article mentions the following:

The transesterification of ethylene carbonate (EC) and di-Me sebacate (DMS) was investigated over metal acetate catalysts. The main product was proved to be di-Me carbonate (DMC) by GC-MS, which was an environmentally benign chem. intermediate. At the same time, a new kind of aliphatic polyester could be synthesized, which could be biodegraded. This method improved the atom economy, avoiding the formation of byproduct methanol and ethylene glycol and made good use of CO₂. The results showed Li(CH₃COO)·2H₂O had the highest activity. Effects of reaction temperature, catalyst amount, ratio of reactant and reaction time on yields of di-Me carbonate was investigated. When the reaction was carried out 250°C, with mole ratio catalyst to DMS of 0.004, mole ratio of EC to DMS of 3:1, reaction time 3 h, the yield of DMC was 45.7%. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6Recommanded Product: Dimethyl decanedioate).

Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Recommanded Product: Dimethyl decanedioate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Alternate and random (co)polymers composed of anthracene and chloromethylstyrene units through controlled radical ring-opening polymerization: Synthesis, post-functionalization, and optical properties was written by Nakabayashi, Kazuhiro;Tsuda, Ayumi;Otani, Hiroshi;Mori, Hideharu. And the article was included in Reactive & Functional Polymers in 2015.Reference of 27249-90-7 This article mentions the following:

A cyclic monomer containing the chloromethyl unit 10-methylene-9,10-dihydroanthryl-9-spiro(4′-chloromethylphenyl)cyclopropane (MDCMS) was polymerized using a controlled radical ring-opening polymerization via a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) process to afford a nonconjugated alternate polymer composed of anthracene and chloromethylstyrene (CMS) units. Well-defined random copolymers were obtained through the ring-opening RAFT copolymerization Various functional groups were incorporated into the alternating homopolymer. The alternate polymer containing imidazole rings exhibited fluorescence quenching as a result of charge transfer. Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) was observed in the alternate polymers containing naphthalene and thiophene rings. The random copolymers obtained by copolymerization followed by post-functionalizations exhibited characteristic optoelectronic properties that differed from those of the alternate polymers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7Reference of 27249-90-7).

Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Reference of 27249-90-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Aggregations of the compounds having two functional groups such as carboxyl group, hydroxyl group, and/or amino group on the surface of alumina and silica gel, and their influence for selective reactions was written by Ogawa, H.. And the article was included in Transactions of the Materials Research Society of Japan in 1994.Application of 3903-40-0 This article mentions the following:

The adsorption states and selective reactions of compounds such as terephthalic acid (TPA), aliphatic dicarboxylic acids (C_i), 6-aminocaproic acid (6-ACA), and 12-hydroxystearic acid (12-HSA) were ascertained. TPA and C_i chemisorbed on alumina as monocarboxylate anion react with diazomethane to form the corresponding monomethyl esters quant. The selective monomethyl esterification of longer chain acid in a mixture with shorter one occurs on alumina. 6-ACA adsorbed on silica gel and 12-HSA adsorbed on H₂SO₄/silica gel, due to their easier dispersion over the surface, are converted significantly to δ -caprolactam and ω -stearo-1,12-lactone, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0Application of 3903-40-0).

12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Application of 3903-40-0

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design and Synthesis of Sebacic Acid from Castor Oil by New Alternate Route was written by Bhukya, Gandhi;Kaki, Shiva Shanker. And the article was included in European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 106-79-6 This article mentions the following:

A simple and alternate organic synthetic route for sebacic acid, a high value ten-carbon aliphatic dicarboxylic acid from castor oil is described in this study. Castor oil Me esters are purified to obtain Me ester of ricinoleic acid that is used as the starting material for the preparation of sebacic acid. The hydroxyl group of Me ricinoleate is oxidized to corresponding 12-oxo derivative followed by isomerization of the cis 9, 10 olefinic bond to trans 10, 11 isomer. The isomerized compound is subjected to dihydroxylation followed by oxidative cleavage and subsequent methylation to obtain di-Me decanedioate. The di-Me decanedioate is finally hydrolyzed to obtain sebacic acid. The intermediate compounds and final product are purified and characterized by chromatog. and spectral anal. The final compound is analyzed by ¹H and ¹³C-NMR as well as high resolution mass spectrometry and compared with standard compound for the confirmation of the structure. Practical Applications: The design and preparation of sebacic acid by the novel alternate route is described. Castor oil, a renewable source, is utilized as the raw material for the preparation of sebacic acid. Isomerization of the 9, 10 cis bond to 10, 11 trans bond is the key step in the synthesis of sebacic acid. The chem. transformation of castor oil to sebacic acid by newer route is investigated. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6HPLC of Formula: 106-79-6).

Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.HPLC of Formula: 106-79-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Green nanopriming: responses of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) seedlings to alfalfa extracts capped and light-induced silver nanoparticles was written by Song, Kexiao;Zhao, Donghao;Sun, Haoyang;Gao, Jinzhu;Li, Shuo;Hu, Tianming;He, Xueqing. And the article was included in BMC Plant Biology in 2022.Quality Control of Dimethyl decanedioate This article mentions the following:

The application of nanotechnol. in agriculture can remarkably improve the cultivation and growth of crop plants. Many studies showed that nanoparticles (NPs) made plants grow more vigorously. Light can make NPs aggregated, leading to the reduction of the NPs toxicity. In addition, treatment with NPs had a quothormesis effectquot on plants. In this study, light-induced silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by using the alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) extracts, and then the optimal synthetic condition was determined Light-induced AgNPs were aggregated, spherical and pink, and they were coated with esters, phenols, acids, terpenes, amino acids and sugars, which were the compositions of alfalfa extracts The concentration of free Ag⁺ was less than 2% of the AgNPs concentration Through nanopriming, Ag⁺ got into the seedlings and caused the impact of AgNPs on alfalfa. Compared with the control group, low concentration of light-induced AgNPs had a pos. effect on the photosynthesis. It was also harmless to the leaf cells, and there was no elongation effect on shoots. Although high concentration of AgNPs was especially beneficial to root elongation, it had a slight toxic effect on seedlings due to the accumulation of silver. With the increase of AgNPs concentration, the content of silver in the seedlings increased and the silver enriched in plants was at the mg/kg level. Just as available research reported the toxicity of NPs can be reduced by using suitable synthesis and application methods, the present light induction, active material encapsulation and nanopriming minimized the toxicity of AgNPs to plants, enhancing the antioxidant enzyme system. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6Quality Control of Dimethyl decanedioate).

Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Quality Control of Dimethyl decanedioate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Controlled free-radical copolymerization of maleic anhydride and divinyl ether in the presence of reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer agents¹ was written by Serbin, A. V.;Karaseva, E. N.;Dunaeva, I. V.;Krut’ko, E. B.;Talyzenkov, Yu. A.;Filatova, M. P.;Chernikova, E. V.. And the article was included in Polymer Science, Series B in 2011.COA of Formula: C14H12S2 This article mentions the following:

The free-radical alternating cyclocopolymn. of maleic anhydride and divinyl ether is studied at 60-80° in the presence of benzyl dithiobenzoate and dibenzyl trithiocarbonate as reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer agents. The structure of the repeating unit of the cyclocopolymer prepared in the presence of a reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer agent coincides with the structure of the repeating unit of the copolymer synthesized under the conditions of conventional free-radical cyclocopolymn. When the cyclocopolymer is used as a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer agent, a successive increase in the mol. mass of the copolymer with conversion and formation of the block copolymer in the polymerization of styrene are unambiguous evidence that the copolymerization proceeds according to the pseudoliving radical mechanism. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7COA of Formula: C14H12S2).

Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. COA of Formula: C14H12S2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Some intermediate bio-transformants during biodegradation of high molecular weight phenanthrene and fluoranthene by cyanobacterial species – Aulosira fertilissima ghose was written by Nirmal Kumar, J. I.;Barot, Megha;Khan, Shamiyan R.. And the article was included in International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology in 2013.Quality Control of Dimethyl decanedioate This article mentions the following:

The PAHs compounds are known to be carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic and toxic to all living organism. Handful of literature is available on biodegradation of these compounds by bacteria and fungi, however, scanty work is done by using microalgae on biodegradation of these two PAHs. In this investigation, the efficiency of Aulosira fertilissima Ghose to remove fluoranthene (0.001gm.ml-1), phenanthrene (0.001gm.ml-1) and a mixture of both (each at concentration of 0.0005gm.ml-1) were evaluated for intermediate bio-transformants during biodegradation by using GCMS. The result showed that the efficiency of Aulosira fertilissima for removal and biodegradation of phenanthrene was higher than fluoranthene, indicate fluoranthene was more stable and recalcitrant. PAHs uptake after 7-days of treatment was 80% and 66% of these phenanthrene and fluoranthene ,resp. by the cyanobacteria .The synergetic effect of fluoranthene on phenanthrene was observed, presence of fluoranthene stimulate the degradation of phenanthrene due to which phenanthrene produce more bio-transformants . Some intermediates were observed like Me linoleate, 4-(2,2- dimethyl-6-methylenecyclohexylidene)-3-methyl-,(Z)- etc. for phenanthrene biodegradation process while 2,3-dihydrofluoranthene, (1R,5R)-2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanol, for fluoranthene degradation Moreover, 3-isopropylidene-2,2-dimethyl-6-phenyl-1,4-oxathiane, 7- phenyltridecane, diphenylacetylene, for mixture of two PAHs applied. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6Quality Control of Dimethyl decanedioate).

Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Quality Control of Dimethyl decanedioate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics