Tag: 200-300

Deodorizing effects of rosemary extract on silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) and determination of its deodorizing components was written by Huang, Pimiao;Wang, Zhirong;Shi, Yue;Zhang, Rui;Feng, Xiya;Kan, Jianquan. And the article was included in Journal of Food Science in 2022.Formula: C15H22O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Fishy odor in fish products severely influences both eating quality and com. acceptability, and natural plant extracts, particularly spices, have recently become popular for the removal of fishy odor. This study aimed to explore the potential of rosemary extract for the deodorization of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix), as well as to identify the deodorizing components in rosemary extract Results showed that all of the spice extracts used in this study (ginger, garlic, angelica dahurica, fennel, rosemary, nutmeg, white cardamom, cinnamon, star anise, and bay leaf) significantly reduced the fishy odor value of silver carp, among which rosemary extract was most effective, decreasing the fishy odor value by about 58%. Gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry anal. and sensory evaluation showed that the fishy odor value and concentrations of the fishy odor-active compounds were significantly reduced by the application of rosemary extract However, the lower the total phenolic content of rosemary extract, the poorer the deodorizing effects against silver carp, suggesting that the deodorizing effect was primarily driven by polyphenols. Fourteen phenolic compounds were measured in rosemary extract, and three individual phenolic compounds (rosmarinic acid [RA], carnosic acid [CA], and carnosol [CS]) were chosen for deodorizing experiment Sensory detection results and changes of contents of volatile showed that these three phenolic compounds are effective at removing the fishy odor. These results suggest that polyphenols are the main deodorizing components, and RA, CA, and CS are the main deodorizing active compounds in rosemary extract Practical Application : The results of this study may provide a new way to determine the deodorizing components of spice extracts Moreover, it can provide guidance for further research in investigating the deodorizing mechanism of sipce extracts This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7Formula: C15H22O2).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is 纬-valerolactone.Formula: C15H22O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mixed Avanafil and Dapoxetin Hydrochloride cyclodextrin nano-sponges: Preparation, in-vitro characterization, and bioavailability determination was written by Gardouh, Ahmed R.;Elhusseiny, Sameh;Gad, Shadeed. And the article was included in Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology in 2022.Formula: C13H10O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Avanafil (AVA) and Dapoxetine hydrochloride are BCS Class II drugs, which means that the bioavailability depends on its solubility extent. Nano-sponges are hyper-crosslinked cyclodextrin nano-polymers that have been developed recently to make solid particles with nonporous structure; they’re prepared by reacting different types of cyclodextrins with an appropriate crosslinking agent like di-Ph carbonate. Nano-sponges can improve the solubility of poorly soluble active mols. and increase stability by protecting labile groups. Hence, the purpose of this work was to study the effects of different types of cyclodextrins and crosslinker ratios on the solubility and oral bioavailability of Avanafil (AVA) and Dapoxetine hydrochloride (DA) by loading them to Nano-sponges prepared by crosslinking of 尾-CD, SBE-尾-CD with di-Ph carbonate (DPC) as a crosslinker at various molar ratios. AVA and DA-loaded nano-sponges were fabricated using the freeze-drying method and characterized for particle size, zeta potential, loading capacities, and in-vitro drug release. SEM, differential scanning calorimetry, and Fourier transform IR spectroscopy were used to characterize the NS and AVA/DA incorporation within the NS. In-vitro drug release was significantly higher with AVA and DA-loaded nano-sponges. Furthermore, the results revealed that AVA and DA-loaded nano-sponges fabricated with 尾-CD had a higher release in dissolution with both drugs than those fabricated using SBE-尾-CD. AVA and DA-loaded nano-sponges increased the oral bioavailability of both drugs by 2.5 and 7.5 folds, resp., when compared to Spedra and Priligy. While there is no significant difference in Tmax between F10 and Spedra, E12 has a faster onset than Priligy. A one-way ANOVA revealed a substantial increase in Cmax and T1/2 for AVA and DA. Therefore, AVA and DA-loaded nano-sponges are considered a better alternate to the regular dosage forms for efficient AVA and DA oral delivery. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0Formula: C13H10O3).

Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is 纬-valerolactone.Formula: C13H10O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Study of bioactivities of lipid content of fresh Lagenaria siceraria seeds pulp and identification of its chemical constituents was written by Chaudhery, Raza;Ahmed, Dildar;Liaqat, Inam;Dar, Parsa;Shaban, Muhammad. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Plants Research in 2014.Formula: C15H22O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The aim of the present work was to analyze antimicrobial activities of the lipid content of seeds pulp of the fresh fruit of Lagenaria siceraria and identification of its chem. constituents by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Methanolic extract of the seeds pulp exhibited moderate to good efficacy against Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus megaterium and Escherichia coli having zone of inhibition (ZOI) 21.5, 20.0, 17.5 and 15.0 mm, resp., at concentration 100 mg/mL. It showed better potency than antibiotic amoxylin against Enterobacter aerogenes, P. aeruginosa and Bacillus megaterium. The hexane fraction, that contained most of the lipid content, exhibited highest lethality against all the test microorganisms with ZOI 16.0 to 30.0 mm. It displayed highly significant efficacy against B. megaterium and Salmonella typhi with ZOI 30.0 and 22.5 mm, resp. Min. inhibitory concentration (MIC) of hexane fraction against B. megaterium and A. xylosoxidans was 0.40 mg/mL, while for others it ranged from 0.80 to 2.80 mg/mL. Palmitic acid exhibited significant potency against Staphylococcus aureus (ZOI, 20.0 mm, at concentration of 40 mg/mL), and moderately good efficacy against Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Salmonella typhi and Enterobacter cloacae. Most compounds identified in the seeds pulp through GC-MS anal. were fatty acids or their esters. The compounds present in considerable concentration included azelaic acid (31.0%), (Z,Z)-9,12-octadecadienoic acid Me ester (27.75%), and palmitic acid Me ester (13.0%). Major component of Et acetate fraction was 4-hydroxybenzenemethanol (19.28%), while chloroform fraction contained 4-methoxymethylphenol (6.42%) and pentanoic acid 2-hydroxy-4-methyl-Me ester (6.75%) as major constituents. The lipid content of seeds pulp of Lagenaria siceraria fruit contains components which are capable to inhibit bacterial growth, and the ones with strong anti-oxidative potential. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7Formula: C15H22O2).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Formula: C15H22O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Bioactive Compounds in Aegopodium podagraria Leaf Extracts and Their Effects against Fluoride-Modulated Oxidative Stress in the THP-1 Cell Line was written by Jakubczyk, Karolina;Lukomska, Agnieszka;Czaplicki, Sylwester;Wajs-Bonikowska, Anna;Gutowska, Izabela;Czapla, Norbert;Tanska, Malgorzata;Janda-Milczarek, Katarzyna. And the article was included in Pharmaceuticals in 2021.Electric Literature of C15H22O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Aegopodium podagraria L. (goutweed), a member of the Apiaceae family, is a common perennial plant found all around the world that has been used in folk medicine since antiquity. Goutweed leaves contain polyacetylenes, essential oils, mono- and sesquiterpenes, vitamins, macro- and microelements, and phenolic compounds In spite of its many health-promoting properties, including antioxidant effects, the plant has not been thoroughly studied. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant properties of different goutweed leaf extracts and their effects on the THP-1 cell line, and also to describe the chem. characteristics of goutweed. Falcarinol and falcarindiol and essential oil were determined by gas chromatog. coupled with mass spectrometry. Spectrophotometry was used to measure the total content of polyphenols and antioxidant activity-by DPPH and FRAP methods. Oxidative stress in THP-1 cells was induced via sodium fluoride. Then, goutweed leaf extracts were added to evaluate their influence on antioxidant potential (ABTS) and the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Confocal microscopy was used to visualise the production of cytoplasmic and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and for in vitro imaging of apoptosis. The ethanol extracts have a high total content of polyphenols, polyacetylenes, and essential oil, as well as high antioxidant potential. The main volatiles represented diverse chem. groups, which are both oxygenated derivatives of sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes. We also demonstrated pos. effects of the high antioxidant potential and increased activity of antioxidant enzymes on cell cultures under severe fluoride-induced oxidative stress. Extraction at 80 掳C and the use of ethanol as a solvent increased the antioxidant capacity of the extract The leaves of Aegopodium podagraria may serve as a valuable source of antioxidants in the daily diet and assist in the prevention and treatment of oxidative stress-mediated conditions, e.g., inflammatory conditions, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and even obesity. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7Electric Literature of C15H22O2).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Electric Literature of C15H22O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design and Synthesis of a Transferable Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Analogue to Ras by Protein Farnesyltransferase was written by Chehade, Kareem A. H.;Andres, Douglas A.;Morimoto, Hiromi;Spielmann, H. Peter. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2000.SDS of cas: 37905-02-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The posttranslational addition of a farnesyl moiety to the Ras oncoprotein is essential for its membrane localization and is required for both its biol. activity and ability to induce malignant transformation. We describe the design and synthesis of a farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) analog, 8-anilinogeranyl pyrophosphate, PhNHCH2CMe:CH(CH₂)₂CMe:CHCH₂OP₂O₆H₃ [AGPP (I)], in which the 蠅-terminal isoprene unit of the farnesyl group has been replaced with an aniline functionality. The key steps in the synthesis are the reductive amination of the 伪,尾-unsaturated aldehyde, OHCCMe:CH(CH₂)₂CMe:CHCH₂OAc-(E,E), to form the lipid analog, PhNHCH₂CMe:CH(CH₂)₂CMe:CHCH₂OAc-(E,E), and the subsequent conversion of the allylic alc., PhNHCH₂CMe:CH(CH₂)₂CMe:CHCH₂OH-(E,E), to the chloride, PhNHCH₂CMe:CH(CH₂)₂CMe:CHCH₂Cl-(E,E), via Ph₃PCl₂ followed by displacement with [(n-Bu)₄N]₃HP₂O₇ to give I. I is a substrate for protein farnesyltransferase (FTase) and is transferred to Ras by FTase with the same kinetics as the natural substrate, FPP. I is highly selective, showing little inhibitory activity against either geranylgeranyl-protein transferase type I (GGTase I) (K_i = 0.06 渭M, IC₅₀ = 20 渭M) or squalene synthase (IC₅₀ = 1000 渭M). I is the first efficiently transferable analog of FPP to be modified at the 蠅-terminus that provides a platform from which addnl. analogs can be made to probe the biol. function of protein farnesylation. I is the first example of a class of compounds that are alternate substrates for protein isoprenylation that are not inhibitors of squalene synthase. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,6E)-3,7-Dimethyl-8-oxoocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 37905-02-5SDS of cas: 37905-02-5).

(2E,6E)-3,7-Dimethyl-8-oxoocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 37905-02-5) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is 纬-valerolactone.SDS of cas: 37905-02-5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A technique for rapid source apportionment applied to ambient organic aerosol measurements from a thermal desorption aerosol gas chromatograph (TAG) was written by Zhang, Yaping;Williams, Brent J.;Goldstein, Allen H.;Docherty, Kenneth S.;Jimenez, Jose L.. And the article was included in Atmospheric Measurement Techniques in 2016.Electric Literature of C15H22O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

We present a rapid method for apportioning the sources of atm. organic aerosol composition measured by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry methods. Here, we specifically apply this new anal. method to data acquired on a thermal desorption aerosol gas chromatograph (TAG) system. Gas chromatograms are divided by retention time into evenly spaced bins, within which the mass spectra are summed. A previous chromatogram binning method was introduced for the purpose of chromatogram structure deconvolution (e.g., major compound classes). Here we extend the method development for the specific purpose of determining aerosol samples’ sources. Chromatogram bins are arranged into an input data matrix for pos. matrix factorization (PMF), where the sample number is the row dimension and the mass-spectra-resolved eluting time intervals (bins) are the column dimension. Then two-dimensional PMF can effectively do three-dimensional factorization on the three-dimensional TAG mass spectra data. The retention time shift of the chromatogram is corrected by applying the median values of the different peaks’ shifts. Bin width affects chem. resolution but does not affect PMF retrieval of the sources’ time variations for low-factor solutions A bin width smaller than the maximum retention shift among all samples requires retention time shift correction. A six-factor PMF comparison among aerosol mass spectrometry (AMS), TAG binning, and conventional TAG compound integration methods shows that the TAG binning method performs similarly to the integration method. However, the new binning method incorporates the entirety of the data set and requires significantly less pre-processing of the data than conventional single compound identification and integration. In addition, while a fraction of the most oxygenated aerosol does not elute through an underivatized TAG anal., the TAG binning method does have the ability to achieve mol. level resolution on other bulk aerosol components commonly observed by the AMS. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7Electric Literature of C15H22O2).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Electric Literature of C15H22O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Formulation and evaluation of 尾 -cyclodextrin microbeads as a carrier for DPI was written by Keshri, Priyanka;Khare, Ekta;Gupta, Abhay;Bhargava, Gaurav. And the article was included in International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Research in 2021.Computed Properties of C13H10O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Conventional forms of DPI鈥瞫 are prepared by micronization methods which are often blends of fine drug particles and lactose as a carrier where drug particles are expected to adhere to the carrier surface. This leads to only 30% of drug deposition in the lung region from the conventional form of DPI. The micronization process mainly affects the mean median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) and fine particle fraction (FPF) of the DPI resulting in less lung deposition. This leads to an increased frequency of administration. To optimize the delivered dose, conventional formulations can be substituted by engineered powders containing the active ingredient (API) alone or in combination with excipients displaying various properties such as liposomes, poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), or leucine. Several strategies have already been developed including promising nanoparticles, while some safety concerns still need to be addressed. Increased lung persistence is of particular interest in various pulmonary pathologies. Among them, asthma is characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Innate and adaptive immunity effectors induce mucus overproduction, bronchial hyper-reactivity, and airway wall re-modeling leading to variable levels of airflow obstruction. Inhaled corticosteroids such as budesonide are used as first-line therapy agents to reach control airway inflammation and therefore to improve patient pulmonary functions. Several major parameters influence the activity of corticosteroids including the lung residence time which is highly influenced by the release rate locally obtained. Indeed, a decrease in absorption out of the lungs will extend the contact time between corticosteroids and their receptors, thus enhancing their anti-inflammatory effect. By considering all these limitations, there is a need for carrier-free budesonide loaded microbeads DPI formulation with sustained drug release which could be useful to enhance the deposition of drugs in the lungs. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0Computed Properties of C13H10O3).

Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Computed Properties of C13H10O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Solid phase microextraction coupled with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry for high-resolution metabolite profiling in apples: Implementation of structured separations for optimization of sample preparation procedure in complex samples was written by Risticevic, Sanja;DeEll, Jennifer R.;Pawliszyn, Janusz. And the article was included in Journal of Chromatography A in 2012.Related Products of 5444-75-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Metabolomics currently represents one of the fastest growing high-throughput mol. anal. platforms that refer to the simultaneous and unbiased anal. of metabolite pools constituting a particular biol. system under investigation. In response to the ever increasing interest in development of reliable methods competent with obtaining a complete and accurate metabolomic snapshot for subsequent identification, quantification and profiling studies, the purpose of the current investigation is to test the feasibility of solid phase microextraction for advanced fingerprinting of volatile and semivolatile metabolites in complex samples. In particular, the current study is focussed on the development and optimization of solid phase microextraction (SPME) – comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatog.-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC 脳 GC-ToFMS) methodol. for metabolite profiling of apples (Malus 脳domestica Borkh.). For the first time, GC 脳 GC attributes in terms of mol. structure-retention relationships and utilization of two-dimensional separation space on orthogonal GC 脳 GC setup were exploited in the field of SPME method optimization for complex sample anal. Anal. performance data were assessed in terms of method precision when com. coatings are employed in spiked metabolite aqueous sample anal. The optimized method consisted of the implementation of direct immersion SPME (DI-SPME) extraction mode and its application to metabolite profiling of apples, and resulted in a tentative identification of 399 metabolites and the composition of a metabolite database far more comprehensive than those obtainable with classical one-dimensional GC approaches. Considering that specific metabolome constituents were for the first time reported in the current study, a valuable approach for future advanced fingerprinting studies in the field of fruit biol. is proposed. The current study also intensifies the understanding of SPME-GC 脳 GC-ToFMS hyphenation and outlines the benefits of facilitating GC 脳 GC for SPME method optimization. The obtained results clearly illustrate that acquisition of a more complete metabolome snapshot is only attainable under optimized conditions for both techniques. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7Related Products of 5444-75-7).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Related Products of 5444-75-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A non-invasive method for in vivo skin volatile compounds sampling was written by Jiang, Ruifen;Cudjoe, Erasmus;Bojko, Barbara;Abaffy, Tatjana;Pawliszyn, Janusz. And the article was included in Analytica Chimica Acta in 2013.Recommanded Product: 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The use of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emanating from human skin presents great potential for skin disease diagnosis. These compounds are emitted at very low concentrations Thus, the sampling preparation step needs to be implemented before gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) anal. In this work, a simple, non-invasive headspace sampling method for volatile compounds emanating from human skin is presented, using thin film as the extraction phase format. The proposed method was evaluated in terms of reproducibility, membrane size, extraction mode and storage conditions. First, the in vial sampling showed an intra- and inter-membrane RSD% less than 9.8% and 8.2%, resp., which demonstrated that this home-made skin volatiles sampling device was highly reproducible with regard to intra-, inter-membrane sampling. The in vivo sampling was influenced not only by the skin metabolic status, but also by environmental conditions. The developed sampling set-up (or “membrane sandwich”) was used to compare two different modes of sampling: headspace and direct sampling. Results demonstrated that headspace sampling had significantly reduced background signal intensity, indicating minimized contamination from the skin surface. In addition, membrane storage conditions both before and after sampling were fully investigated. Membranes stored in dry ice for up to 72 h after collection were tested and showed no or minimal change in volatile profiles. This novel skin volatile compounds sampling approach coupled with gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) can achieve reproducible anal. This technique was applied to identify the biomarkers of garlic intake and alc. ingestion. Di-Me sulfone, allyl Me sulfide and allyl mercaptan, as metabolites of garlic intake, were detected. In addition, alc. released from skin was also detected using our “membrane-sandwich” sampling. Using the same approach, we analyzed skin VOCs from upper back, forearm and back thigh regions of the body. Our results show that different body locations share a number of common compounds (27/99). The area with most compounds detected was the upper back skin region, where the d. of sebaceous glands is the highest. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7Recommanded Product: 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120掳 C鈥揅鈥揙 and O鈥揅鈥揙 angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C鈥揙鈥揅 bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Recommanded Product: 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The role of diphenyl carbonate additive on the interfacial reactivity of positive electrodes in Li-ion batteries was written by Karayaylali, Pinar;Zhang, Yirui;Giordano, Livia;Katayama, Yu;Tatara, Ryoichi;Yu, Yang;Maglia, Filippo;Jung, Roland;Shao-Horn, Yang. And the article was included in Journal of the Electrochemical Society in 2020.Application of 102-09-0 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Understanding and controlling the (electro) chem. reactions between pos. electrodes and electrolytes is essential to enhance the cycle life and safety of Li-ion batteries. Previous computational and exptl. studies have shown that greater capacity loss of LiNi_xMn_yCo_1-x-yO₂ (NMC) with increased Ni content can be attributed to the enhanced chem. oxidation of carbonate solvents by dehydrogenation and increased salt decomposition In this study, we examine the role of a di-Ph carbonate (DPC) additive on the interfacial reactivity of LiNi_1/3Mn_1/3Co_1/3O₂, LiNi_0.6Mn_0.2Co_0.2O₂, LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Co_0.1O₂ (NMC111, NMC622 and NMC811). Diffuse reflectance IR Fourier Transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy on NMCs showed that adding DPC in the electrolyte suppressed signals associated with dehydrogenation of ethylene carbonate (EC) from LiNi_1/3Mn_1/3Ni_1/3O₂ to LiNi_0.8Mn_0.1Ni_0.1O₂ (NMC111 to NMC811). In addition, having DPC in the electrolyte was accompanied with less PF₆^– salt anion decomposition to form less-fluorine coordinated species such as lithium nickel oxyfluorides or PF₃O-like species as revealed by combined IR spectroscopy and XPS for Ni-rich NMCs. Such observations are in agreement with previous work showing that DPC can increase the cycling performance of NMC811. The reduced reactivity between NMC such as NMC811 and electrolyte with DPC can be attributed to the formation of surface reaction products from the electrochem. oxidation of DPC occurring at lower voltages compared to the chem. oxidative dehydrogenation of carbonates. This hypothesis is supported by in situ IR spectroscopy measurements, which revealed electrochem. oxidation of di-Ph carbonate upon charging at 3.9 VLi, accompanied by the detection of a feature around 1824 cm^-1 attributed to organic oxidation products adsorbed on the oxide surface, and a stable electrode/electrolyte interface on NMC811 at higher voltages. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0Application of 102-09-0).

Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Application of 102-09-0

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics