Tag: 200-300

Photoaffinity Analogues of Farnesyl Pyrophosphate Transferable by Protein Farnesyl Transferase was written by Chehade, Kareem A. H.;Kiegiel, Katarzyna;Isaacs, Richard J.;Pickett, Jennifer S.;Bowers, Katherine E.;Fierke, Carol A.;Andres, Douglas A.;Spielmann, H. Peter. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2002.Recommanded Product: 37905-02-5 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Farnesylation is a posttranslational lipid modification in which a 15-carbon farnesyl isoprenoid is linked via a thioether bond to specific cysteine residues of proteins in a reaction catalyzed by protein farnesyltransferase (FTase). We synthesized analogs (3-6) of farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) to probe the range of modifications possible to the FPP skeleton which allow for efficient transfer by FTase. Photoaffinity analogs of FPP (5, 6) were prepared by substituting perfluorophenyl azide functional groups for the 蠅-terminal isoprene of FPP. Substituted anilines replace the 蠅-terminal isoprene in analogs 3 and 4. Compounds 3-5 were prepared by reductive amination of the appropriate anilines with 8-oxo-geranyl acetate, followed by ester hydrolysis, chlorination, and pyrophosphorylation. Addnl. substitution of three methylenes for the 尾-isoprene of FPP gave photoprobe 6 in nine steps. Preparation of the analogs required TiCl₄-mediated imine formation prior to NaBH(OAc)₃ reduction for anilines with a pK_a < 1. The azide moiety was not affected by Ph₃PCl₂ conversion of allylic alcs. 13-16 into corresponding chlorides 17-20. Analogs 3-6 are efficiently transferred to target N-dansyl-GCVLS peptide substrate by mammalian FTase. Comparison of analog structures and kinetics of transfer to those of FPP reveals that ring fluorination and para substituents have little effect on the affinity of the analog pyrophosphate for FTase and its transfer efficiency. These results are also supported with models of the analog binding modes in the active site of FTase. The transferable azide photoprobe 5 photoinactivates FTase. Transferable analogs 5 and 6 allow the formation of appropriately posttranslationally modified photoreactive peptide probes of isoprene function. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as (2E,6E)-3,7-Dimethyl-8-oxoocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 37905-02-5Recommanded Product: 37905-02-5).

(2E,6E)-3,7-Dimethyl-8-oxoocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 37905-02-5) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Recommanded Product: 37905-02-5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Effect of electromagnetic cylinder variable temperature coupling to hot air drying technology on formation of chestnut-like aroma green tea was written by Chen, Jia-yu;Zhang, Ming-ming;Jiang, Yong-wen;Yang, Yan-qin;Yuan, Hai-bo;Liu, Zheng-quan. And the article was included in Xiandai Shipin Keji in 2021.COA of Formula: C15H22O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

In order to investigate the effect of electromagnetic cylinder variable temperature coupling hot air drying technol. on the formation of chestnut-like aroma in green tea, the effects of different combinations of drum variable temperature, drying time, and coupling to hot air were investigated. The qual. and quant. analyses of aroma components were implemented by using IR-assisted extraction coupled to headspace solid-phase microextraction (IRAE-HS-SPME) combined with gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and the key compounds for chestnut-like fragrance were further screened by multivariate statistical anal. The results showed that the best quality of chestnut-like aroma was obtained when the drying temperature of the electromagnetic drum was 180 掳C/170 掳C/160 掳C, coupling to hot air at 110 掳C maintaining for 6 min. In addition, an effective discriminant model of green tea with chestnut-like aroma was established by partial least squares-discriminant anal. (PLS-DA) (R²Y = 0.997, Q² = 0.774). Based on VIP > 1 and p 鈮?0.05, 27 key differential compounds were screened out. Their distribution was further determined using hierarchical cluster anal. (HCA), and it was found that the contents of 27 volatiles were generally higher in chestnut-like aroma green teas than non-chestnut-like aroma green teas. In addition, the quality of chestnut-like aroma in green teas was influenced by the tenderness of the raw materials, too. Better quality of chestnut-like fragrance was obtained using green tea with a single bud than that with a bud and one leave. In general, as a promising processing technol., the electromagnetic cylinder variable temperature coupling to hot air drying technol. provides theor. reference and tech. support for the processing of chestnut-like green tea. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7COA of Formula: C15H22O2).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.COA of Formula: C15H22O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A non-phosgene process for bioderived polycarbonate with high molecular weight and advanced property profile synthesized using amino acid ionic liquids as catalysts was written by Zhang, Zhencai;Xu, Fei;Zhang, Yaqin;Li, Chenhao;He, Hongyan;Yang, Zifeng;Li, Zengxi. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2020.Application In Synthesis of Diphenyl carbonate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The conversion of biomass and carbon dioxide to plastics is one of the key solutions to reduce the greenhouse effect and alleviate the petroleum resource depletion. However, there is still a lack of bioderived polymers with high mol. weights and excellent performance and their corresponding green synthesis processes, which limits the potential of bioderived polymers to replace petroleum-based polymers. In this study, an eco-friendly synthetic process for bioderived polycarbonate, catalyzed by amino acid ionic liquids, was developed by utilizing isosorbide (ISO) and di-Ph carbonate (DPC) as reactants, derived from a renewable resource and carbon dioxide, resp. By using 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole lysine ([Emim][Lys]) as a catalyst, poly(isosorbide carbonate) (PIC) with the weight average mol. weight of 150 000, the highest reported so far to the best of our knowledge, was synthesized, and the T_g of PIC was up to 174掳C. The reaction mechanism was investigated using NMR spectroscopy, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF MS), and d. functional theory (DFT) calculation The remarkable catalytic performance was attributed to the fact that [Emim][Lys] could effectively activate the hydroxyl group of ISO and carbonyl group of DPC, and inhibit the formation of cyclic intermediates. Moreover, to overcome the brittleness of PIC, 1,4-butanediol (BD) and 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol (CHDM) were introduced into PIC, and the copolycarbonate showed excellent Young’s modulus, ultimate tensile strength, and elongation at break, which were 979 MPa, 57 MPa, and 145%, resp., and were comparable to the com. petroleum-based polycarbonates. Such a process provides further industrial prospects for the next generation of bioderived polycarbonate. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0Application In Synthesis of Diphenyl carbonate).

Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Application In Synthesis of Diphenyl carbonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In Vitro Tracking of Intracellular Metabolism-Derived Cancer Volatiles via Isotope Labeling was written by Lee, Dong-Kyu;Na, Euiyeon;Park, Seongoh;Park, Jeong Hill;Lim, Johan;Kwon, Sung Won. And the article was included in ACS Central Science in 2018.Synthetic Route of C15H22O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Cancer detection relying on the release of volatile biomarkers has been extensively studied, but the individual biochem. processes of the cells from which biogenic volatiles originate have not been thoroughly elucidated to date. Inadequate determination of the metabolic origin of the volatile biomarkers has limited the progress of the scientific and practical applications of volatile biomarkers. To overcome the current limitations, the authors developed a metabolism tracking approach combining stable isotope labeling and flux anal. of volatiles to trace the intracellular metabolism-derived volatiles and to reveal their relation to cancer metabolic pathways. Specifically, after the ¹³C labeling of lung cancer cell, the isotopic ratio of whole cellular carbon was measured by nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry-based imaging. The kinetic modeling with the time-dependent isotopic ratio determined the period during which cancer cells reach the metabolic steady state, at which time all of the potential volatiles derived from intracellular metabolism were fully enriched isotopically. By measuring the isotopic enrichment of volatiles at the end-stage of isotopic flux, 2-pentadecanone appeared to be derived from the metabolic cascade starting from glucose to fatty acid synthesis. Furthermore, this biosynthetic pathway is distinct in cancer, as it was upregulated in colon, breast, and pancreatic cancer cells but not in normal cells. The study of the metabolic footprint of 2-pentadecanone demonstrates that the authors’ novel approach could be applied to trace the metabolic origin of biogenic volatile organic compounds This anal. strategy represents a potential cutting-edge tool in elucidating the biochem. authenticity of cancer volatiles and further expanding the authors’ understanding of the metabolic network of airborne metabolites in vitro. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7Synthetic Route of C15H22O2).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Synthetic Route of C15H22O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Application of life cycle assessment and machine learning for high-throughput screening of green chemical substitutes was written by Zhu, Xinzhe;Ho, Chi-Hung;Wang, Xiaonan. And the article was included in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering in 2020.Safety of 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropylmethacrylate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The production process of many active pharmaceutical ingredients such as sitagliptin could cause severe environmental problems because of the use of toxic chem. materials and production infrastructure, energy consumption, and waste treatment. The environmental impacts of the sitagliptin production process were estimated with a life cycle assessment (LCA) method, which suggested that the use of chem. materials provided the major environmental impacts. Both methods of Eco-indicator 99 and ReCiPe endpoint confirmed that chem. feedstock accounted for 83% and 70% of life-cycle impact, resp. Among all the chem. materials used in the sitagliptin production process, trifluoroacetic anhydride was identified as the largest influential factor in most impact categories according to the results of the ReCiPe midpoints’ method. Therefore, high-throughput screening was performed to seek for greener chem. substitutes to replace the target chem. (i.e., trifluoroacetic anhydride) by the following three steps. First, the 30 most similar chems. were obtained from 2 million candidate alternatives in the PubChem database on the basis of their mol. descriptors. Thereafter, deep learning neural network models were developed to predict life-cycle impact according to the chems. in Ecoinvent v3.5 database with known LCA values and corresponding mol. descriptors. Finally, 1,2-ethanediyl ester was proved to be one of the potential greener substitutes after the LCA data of these similar chems. were predicted using the well-trained machine learning models. The case study demonstrated the applicability of the novel framework to screen green chem. substitutes and optimize the pharmaceutical manufacturing process. Neural network models were trained using mol. descriptors and life-cycle impact of known chems. and used to search greener substitutes in a huge library of chems. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropylmethacrylate (cas: 3063-94-3Safety of 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropylmethacrylate).

1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropylmethacrylate (cas: 3063-94-3) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Safety of 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropylmethacrylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tile-Based Pairwise Analysis of GC x GC-TOFMS Data to Facilitate Analyte Discovery and Mass Spectrum Purification was written by Cain, Caitlin N.;Trinklein, Timothy J.;Ochoa, Grant S.;Synovec, Robert E.. And the article was included in Analytical Chemistry (Washington, DC, United States) in 2022.Application of 5444-75-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A new tile-based pairwise anal. workflow, termed 1v1 anal., is presented to discover and identify analytes that differentiate two chromatograms collected using comprehensive two-dimensional (2D) gas chromatog. coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC x GC-TOFMS). Tile-based 1v1 anal. easily discovered all 18 non-native analytes spiked in diesel fuel within the top 30 hits, outperforming standard pairwise chromatog. analyses. However, eight spiked analytes could not be identified with multivariate curve resolution-alternating least-squares (MCR-ALS) nor parallel factor anal. (PARAFAC) due to background contamination. Analyte identification was achieved with class comparison enabled-mass spectrum purification (CCE-MSP), which obtains a pure analyte spectrum by normalizing the spectra to an interferent mass channel (m/z) identified from 1v1 anal. and subtracting the two spectra. This report also details the development of CCE-MSP assisted MCR-ALS, which removes the identified interferent m/z from the data prior to decomposition In total, 17 out of 18 spiked analytes had a match value (MV) > 800 with both versions of CCE-MSP. For example, MCR-ALS and PARAFAC were unable to decompose the pure spectrum of Me decanoate (MVs < 200) due to its low 2D chromatog. resolution (~0.34) and high interferent-to-analyte signal ratio (~30:1). By leveraging information gained from 1v1 anal., CCE-MSP and CCE-MSP assisted MCR-ALS obtained a pure spectrum with an average MV of 908 and 964, resp. Furthermore, tile-based 1v1 anal. was applied to track moisture damage in cacao beans, where 86 analytes with at least a 2-fold concentration change were discovered between the unmolded and molded samples. This 1v1 anal. workflow is beneficial for studies where multiple replicates are either unavailable or undesirable to save anal. time. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7Application of 5444-75-7).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120掳 C鈥揅鈥揙 and O鈥揅鈥揙 angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C鈥揙鈥揅 bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Application of 5444-75-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Topical delivery of clobetasol propionate loaded nanosponge hydrogel for effective treatment of psoriasis: Formulation, physicochemical characterization, antipsoriatic potential and biochemical estimation was written by Kumar, Sunil;Prasad, Minakshi;Rao, Rekha. And the article was included in Materials Science & Engineering in 2021.Quality Control of Diphenyl carbonate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Clobetasol propionate (CP), a superpotent topical corticosteroid, holds great promise for psoriasis treatment. However, common side effects like skin atrophy, steroidal acne, hypopigmentation and allergic contact dermatitis associated with it, hamper its utility for topical application. Taking this into consideration, the current work was aimed to fabricate CP loaded cyclodextrin nanosponge (CDNS) based hydrogel, to alleviate the aforementioned side effects, while controlling drug release. Nanosponges were crafted employing 尾-cyclodextrin (polymer) and di-Ph carbonate (cross linker) and evaluated appropriately. The selected formulation augmented 45 folds water solubility, with respect to pure CP. The formulation possessed entrapment efficiency (56.33 卤 0.94%), particle size (194.27 卤 49.24 nm) with polydispersitive index (0.498 卤 0.095), surface charge (-21.83 卤 0.95 mV) and drug release (86.25 卤 0.28%). Selected CP-CDNS were found crystalline and uniform in size. Further, in vitro cell viability anal. has been performed using THP1 cells to evaluate cytocompatibility of CP nanosponges. The chosen CP nanosponges were then embedded into Carbopol hydrogel, and characterized for rheol. behavior, spreadability, and texture profile. The developed nanoformulations were also assessed in vivo using mouse tail model. Histol. and biochem. assessments have been conducted to explore their antipsoriatic activity via oxidative stress biomarkers. The degree of orthokeratosis was observed remarkably (p < 0.001) amplified by CP-CDNS14 hydrogel as compared to untreated group (control) and CP hydrogel. In addition, drug activity and change in epidermal thickness were found significant. Our findings altogether advocated the profound potential of prepared CP nanogel in the topical treatment of psoriasis, with improved patient compliance. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0Quality Control of Diphenyl carbonate).

Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Quality Control of Diphenyl carbonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Modeling of Viscosities in Extended Pressure Range Using SAFT + Cubic EoS and Modified Yarranton-Satyro Correlation was written by Polishuk, Ilya. And the article was included in Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research in 2012.HPLC of Formula: 5444-75-7 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The current study is a step toward developing an approach with improved extrapolation capability and predictive potential in modeling viscosities. A modified Yarranton-Satyro correlation that relates viscosities to densities was coupled with SAFT + Cubic EoS. Having three adjustable parameters, the proposed method allows nearly precise extrapolations of the light gases viscosities to the extreme pressure conditions (up to 鈭? GPa) in wide temperature range. The predictive potential of the proposed method is remarkable as well. For example, using the parameters fitted to the data of carbon dioxide, it allows robust prediction of the elevated pressure viscosities of halocarbons such as R-134a and hexafluorobenzene. In addition, relying on the exptl. viscosity of just a single n-alkane, it usually yields reliable estimations of the data of not only n-alkane series but also heavy organic compounds, such as 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosane, bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, diisodecyl phthalate, and 2-ethylhexyl benzoate in a vast range of values (from single mPa路s to thousands of mPa路s). It was demonstrated that using a single set of parameters, the proposed approach can generate accurate predictions of viscosities in a wide pressure range for ionic liquids belonging to similar families, such as [C_xmim][PF₆] and [C_xmim][BF₄]. Densities of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C6MIM][PF6]), 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C4MIM][BF4]), and 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C8MIM][BF4]). Exptl. data,69-71 points. Calculateddata: SAFT + Cubic, solid lines. Viscosities of 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C4MIM][PF6]), 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexauorophosphate ([C6MIM][PF6]), and 1-methyl-3-octylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate ([C8MIM][PF6]). Exptl. data,71-73 points.Predicted data: YS, solid lines. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7HPLC of Formula: 5444-75-7).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.HPLC of Formula: 5444-75-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Preparation of temperature-controlled heteropolyacid ionic liquids and their application for synthesis of diphenyl carbonate was written by Jiang, Zezhong;Wang, Haiyue;Shan, Lining;Zheng, Rongrong;Zhao, Xiudan;Liao, Zhangbin;Guo, Liying. And the article was included in Catalysis Letters.Name: Diphenyl carbonate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

First, an intermediate ionic liquid [Bmim]Cl and Keggin-type heteropolyacids with different metal vacancies were prepared, and then prepared six heteropolyacid ionic liquids by the ion exchange method, and these liquids were tested and analyzed for chem. structures, crystal structures, thermal stability, and apparent morphol. After that, the six heteropolyacid ionic liquids were used to catalyze the transesterification reaction between phenol and di-Me carbonate (DMC) to synthesize di-Ph carbonate (DPC), to explore the effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, and catalyst dosage on the catalytic performance, and reveal the catalytic mechanism. The results showed that the six heteropolyacid ionic liquids prepared were the target products with good thermal stability. Compared with traditional catalysts Cp₂TiCl₂ and C₁₆H₃₆O₄Ti, they had better catalytic performance in the catalytic process. Among them, Bmim₄[Ti(H₂O)TiMo₁₁O₃₉] manifested the best catalytic performance. Under the conditions that the molar ratio of raw materials DMC to phenol was 2:1, reaction temperature 180 掳C, catalyst consumption 1.5% of the total mass of the raw materials, and reaction time 8 h, the conversion rate of phenol reached 46.17%, and the overall selectivity of products monophenyl carbonate (MPC) and DPC was 98.89%. As a phase transfer catalyst characterized by a “homogeneous phase at high temperature and separation at low temperature,” the catalyst can be self-assembled in the catalytic process with the temperature change. Therefore, they can be recycled and reused through simple washing and filtering at the end of the reaction. After five times of recycling, the catalytic performance of the catalyst reduces significantly, in which case the fresh catalyst should be added to maintain a good catalytic performance. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0Name: Diphenyl carbonate).

Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120掳 C鈥揅鈥揙 and O鈥揅鈥揙 angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C鈥揙鈥揅 bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Name: Diphenyl carbonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Solvent-driven, self-assembled acid-responsive poly(ketalized serine)/siRNA complexes for RNA interference was written by Wong, Shirley;Kemp, Jessica A.;Shim, Min Suk;Kwon, Young Jik. And the article was included in Biomaterials Science in 2020.Quality Control of Diphenyl carbonate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Advances in bionanotechnol. aim to develop smart nucleic acid delivery carriers with stimuli-responsive features to overcome challenges such as non-biodegradability, rapid clearance, immune response, and reaching intracellular targets. Peptide-based nanomaterials have become widely used in the field of gene and drug delivery due to their structural versatility and biomimetic properties. Particularly, polypeptide gene vectors that respond to biol. stimuli, such as acidic intracellular environments, have promising applications in mediating efficient endosomal escape and drug release. Unfortunately, synthesis strategies for efficient polymerization of acid-labile peptides have been limited due to conditions that fail to preserve acid-degradable functional groups. Stable urethane derivatives of the acid-labile amino acid ketalized serine (kSer) were synthesized and polymerized to a high mol. weight under permissive conditions independent of elevated temperature, restrictive solvents, or an inert atm. A new formulation strategy utilizing solvent-driven self-assembly of poly(kSer) peptides with small interfering RNA (siRNA) was developed, and the resulting poly(kSer)/siRNA complexes were further cross-linked for reinforced stability under physiol. conditions. The complexes were highly monodisperse and precisely spherical in morphol., which has significant clin. implications in definitive biodistribution, cellular internalization, and intracellular trafficking patterns. Self-assembled, cross-linked poly(kSer)/siRNA complexes demonstrated efficient nucleic acid encapsulation, internalization, endosomal escape, and acid-triggered cargo release, tackling multiple hurdles in siRNA delivery. The acid-responsive polypeptides and solvent-driven self-assembly strategies demonstrated in this study could be applicable to developing other efficient and safe delivery systems for gene and drug delivery. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0Quality Control of Diphenyl carbonate).

Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Quality Control of Diphenyl carbonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics