Tag: 200-300

Radical polymerization of trifluoromethyl-substituted methyl methacrylates and their application for use in pressure-sensitive paint was written by Obata, Makoto;Asato, Ryo;Mitsuo, Kazunori;Hirohara, Shiho. And the article was included in Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry in 2014.Formula: C7H6F6O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Three CF₃-substituted Me methacrylates (MMAs), 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA), 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoroisopropyl methacrylate (HFIPMA) and nonafluoro-tert-Bu methacrylate (NFTBMA), were polymerized by conventional radical polymerization to give oxygen-permeable polymers for application in pressure-sensitive paint (PSP). The radical copolymers of styrene with TFEMA, HFIPMA, or NFTBMA were carried out to examine the effect of CF₃ groups on the polymerizability. The e values increased in the order of MMA (0.40) < TFEMA (0.76) < HFIPMA (1.19) < NFTBMA (1.31). The homopolymers of TFEMA, HFIPMA and NFTBMA (PTFEMA, PHFIPMA, and PNFTBM, resp.) were examined as polymers for use in PSP using 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)porphinato platinum(II) (PtTFPP). The PSP consisting of PNFTBMA and PtTFPP exerted high pressure sensitivity and low temperature sensitivity. In the absence of oxygen, the temperature sensitivity decreased in the order of PTFEMA > PHFIPMA > PNFTBMA = PMMA, which corresponds to the order of glass transition temperatures (T_g). However, the activation energies of the overall process of the luminescence quenching by oxygen were 16.8 (PMMA), 13.0 (PTFEMA), 6.8 (PHFIPMA), and 4.3 kJ mol^-1 (PNFTBMA). Therefore, the low temperature sensitivity of PNFTBMA was attributed to its high degree of substitution with CF₃ groups and to its relatively high T_g value. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropylmethacrylate (cas: 3063-94-3Formula: C7H6F6O2).

1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoroisopropylmethacrylate (cas: 3063-94-3) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Formula: C7H6F6O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Phylogeny and abiotic conditions shape the diel floral emission patterns of desert Brassicaceae species was written by Cna′ani, Alon;Dener, Efrat;Ben-Zeev, Efrat;Guenther, Jan;Kollner, Tobias G.;Tzin, Vered;Seifan, Merav. And the article was included in Plant, Cell & Environment in 2021.Computed Properties of C15H22O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A key facet of floral scent is diel fluctuations in emission, often studied in the context of plant-pollinator interactions, while contributions of environment and phylogeny remain overlooked. Here, we ask if these factors are involved in shaping temporal variations in scent emission. To that end, we coupled light/dark floral emission measurements of 17 desert Brassicaceae species with environmental and phylogenetic data to explore the individual/combined impacts of these predictors on diel emission patterns. We further investigated these patterns by conducting high-resolution emission measurements in a subset of genetically distant species with contrasting temporal dynamics. While diel shifts in magnitude and richness of emission were strongly affected by genetic relatedness, they also reflect the environmental conditions under which the species grow. Specifically, light/dark emission ratios were neg. affected by an increase in winter temperatures, known to impact both plant physiol. and insect locomotion, and sandy soil fractions, previously shown to exert stress that tempers with diel metabolic rhythms. Addnl., the biosynthetic origins of the compounds were associated with their corresponding production patterns, possibly to maximize emission efficacy. Using a multidisciplinary chem./ecol. approach, we uncover and differentiate the main factors shaping floral scent diel fluctuations, highlighting their consequences under changing global climate. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7Computed Properties of C15H22O2).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Computed Properties of C15H22O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Novel hollow hierarchical Pb-Mg thin nanosheet catalyst with high performance for solvent-free synthesis of methyl phenyl carbonate was written by Wang, Songlin;Jiang, Nan;Liu, Yanyan;Hao, Yan;Zhang, Qiying;Niu, Hongying;Wang, Jianji. And the article was included in Colloids and Surfaces, A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects in 2022.COA of Formula: C13H10O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Me Ph carbonate (MPC) is a versatile carbonate, particularly as an important component in the lithium-ion battery industry. Recently the green synthesis of carbonates from non-toxic feedstocks and efficient catalysts have attracted a considerable amount of interest but the development of a highly active catalyst for this synthesis is a great challenge. Herein, novel Pb-Mg thin nanosheet catalysts with high specific areas and large pore volumes were developed by one-pot hydrothermal approach for the synthesis of MPC without using any solvent. The nanosheets were thoroughly characterized by SEM-EDS, TEM, XPS, NH₃-TPD, XRD, BET, and H₂-TPR techniques. It is shown that a di-Ph carbonate (DPC) conversion of 56.6% and an MPC selectivity of 98.8% are achieved by a Pb-Mg nanosheet catalyst with 15 wt% Pb. The activity and selectivity values are significantly higher than the previous best value reported by using transition metal-based catalysts. After the reaction, the nanosheets can be separated by simple centrifugation and can be reused many times without a significant loss of catalytic activity, showing excellent stability and recyclability. A possible mechanism was investigated based on these results. This work provides new insight into accomplishing the efficient and green synthesis of MPC and offers a strategy for synthesizing other asym. carbonates. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0COA of Formula: C13H10O3).

Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is 纬-valerolactone.COA of Formula: C13H10O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Fully Recyclable Polycarbonates from Simple, Bio-Derived Building Blocks was written by Roland, Christopher D.;Moore, Cameron M.;Leal, Juan H.;Semelsberger, Troy A.;Snyder, Charlotte;Kostal, Jakub;Sutton, Andrew D.. And the article was included in ACS Applied Polymer Materials in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 102-09-0 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Plastic buildup and accumulation in the environment are an increasingly large problem facing civilization. Petroleum-based plastics can exist for hundreds to thousands of years in the environment, destroying habitats and polluting water. Environmentally conscious replacements for plastics are urgently needed. In this publication, we present a biobased alternative to petroleum-based polycarbonates. Using a diol monomer derived from glycerol and glycerol products, we have synthesized aliphatic polycarbonates with comparable phys. properties to petroleum-based incumbents. The polymer can be quant. depolymerized using warm methanol to recover the monomer which can be repolymd. multiple times, or alternatively, the monomer, which is inherently nontoxic, can slowly break apart to the original components. This provides two end-of-life options for this material recycle or decomposition under environmental conditions to benign building blocks, thus providing a potential pathway to avoid environmental and bioaccumulation of plastics. We also demonstrate the ability to selectively recover the monomer from a simulated mixed-plastic waste environment; the monomer recovered this way functions identically to the virgin monomer after purification This work represents an important step in the progress toward environmentally conscious polymer design with multiple end-of-life options. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0HPLC of Formula: 102-09-0).

Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.HPLC of Formula: 102-09-0

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and Spectroscopic Analyses of New Polycarbonates Based on Bisphenol A-Free Components was written by Wnuczek, Krystyna;Puszka, Andrzej;Podkoscielna, Beata. And the article was included in Polymers (Basel, Switzerland) in 2021.Safety of Diphenyl carbonate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

This paper discusses a new synthesis of bisphenol A-free polycarbonates based on four aliphatic-aromatic systems. In the first stage, different types of monomers (with/without sulfur) derived from diphenylmethane were synthesized. Then, new polycarbonates were prepared in the reactions with di-Ph carbonate (DPC) by transesterification and polycondensation reactions. Three different catalysts (zinc acetate, 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine and benzyltriethylammonium chloride) were tested. The structures of the compounds were confirmed by Nuclear Mol. Resonance spectroscopy (NMR) in each stage. The chem. structures of the obtained polycarbonates were verified by means of Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform IR spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). The presence of a carbonyl group in the IR spectrum confirmed polycarbonate formation. Thermal studies by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were carried out to determine the melting temperatures of the monomers. A gel permeation chromatog. anal. (GPC) of the polycarbonates was performed in order to investigate their molar masses. Thermal anal. proved the purity of the obtained monomers; the curves showed a characteristic signal of melting. The obtained polycarbonates were characterized as having high resistance to organic solvents, including THF. The GPC anal. proved their relatively large molar masses and their low dispersity. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0Safety of Diphenyl carbonate).

Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Safety of Diphenyl carbonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

ROS-Responsive Selenium-Containing Carriers for Coencapsulation of Photosensitizer and Hypoxia-Activated Prodrug and Their Cellular Behaviors was written by Song, Fangqin;Li, Siqi;Sun, Chuanhao;Ji, Ying;Zhang, Yan. And the article was included in Macromolecular Bioscience in 2021.Recommanded Product: Diphenyl carbonate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The integration of hypoxia-activated chemotherapy with photodynamic therapy (PDT) has newly become a potent strategy for tumor treatment. Herein, a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive drug carriers (PS@AQ4N/mPEG-b-PSe NPs) are fabricated based on the amphiphilic selenium-containing methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-polycarbonate (mPEG-b-PSe), the hydrophobic photosensitizer (PS), and hypoxia-activated prodrug Banoxantrone (AQ4N). The obtained nanoparticles are spherical with an average diameter of 100 nm as characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and dynamic laser scattering (DLS) resp. The encapsulation efficiency of the PS and AQ4N reaches 92.83% and 51.04% at different conditions, resp., by UV-vis spectrophotometer. It is found that the drug release is accelerated due to the good ROS responsiveness of mPEG-b-PSe and the cumulative release of AQ4N is up to 89% within 30 h. The cell test demonstrates that the nanoparticles dissociate when triggered by the ROS stimuli in the cancer cells, thus the PS is exposed to more oxygen and the ROS generation efficiency is enhanced accordingly. The consumption of oxygen during PDT leads to the increased tumor hypoxia, and subsequently activates AQ4N into cytotoxic counterpart to inhibit tumor growth. Therefore, the synergistic therapeutic efficacy demonstrates this drug delivery has great potential for antitumor therapy. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0Recommanded Product: Diphenyl carbonate).

Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120掳 C鈥揅鈥揙 and O鈥揅鈥揙 angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C鈥揙鈥揅 bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Recommanded Product: Diphenyl carbonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Identification and migration studies of photolytic decomposition products of UV-photoinitiators in food packaging was written by Scarsella, Joseph B.;Zhang, Nan;Hartman, Thomas G.. And the article was included in Molecules in 2019.Formula: C15H22O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

UV-curable inks, coatings, and adhesives are being increasingly used in food packaging systems. When exposed to UV energy, UV-photoinitiators (PI’s) present in the formulations produce free radicals which catalyze polymerization of monomers and pre-polymers into resins. In addition to photopolymerization, other free radical reactions occur in these systems resulting in the formation of chem. varied photolytic decomposition products, many of which are low mol. weight chem. species with high migration potential. This research conducted model experiments in which 24 commonly used PI’s were exposed to UV-energy at the typical upper limit of com. UV-printing press conditions. UV-irradiated PI’s were analyzed by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and electrospray-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) in order to identify photolytic decomposition products. Subsequently, migration studies of 258 UV-cure food packaging samples were conducted using GC-MS; PI’s and photolytic decomposition products were found in nearly all samples analyzed. One hundred-thirteen photolytic decomposition products were identified. Eighteen intact PI’s and 21 photolytic decomposition products were observed as migrants from the 258 samples analyzed, and these were evaluated for frequency of occurrence and migratory concentration range. The most commonly observed PI’s were 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone and benzophenone. The most commonly observed photolytic decomposition products were 2,4,6-trimethylbenzaldehyde and 1-phenyl-2-butanone. This compilation of PI photolytic decomposition data and associated migration data will aid industry in identifying and tracing non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) in food packaging materials. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7Formula: C15H22O2).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is 纬-valerolactone.Formula: C15H22O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Recent Advances in Catalyst Development for Transesterification of Dialkyl Carbonates with Phenol was written by Song, Ziwei;Jin, Wei;Gao, Faming;Jin, Xin. And the article was included in Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research in 2020.Quality Control of Diphenyl carbonate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

A review. Synthesis of di-Ph carbonate (DPC) from di-Me carbonate (DMC) with phenol is the most prominent application of transesterification of dialkyl carbonates (DACs); this is a significant step for the nonphosgene manufacturing of polycarbonate, which is considered to be one of the best examples of green and sustainable transformations available on such a large scale. In the last decades, extensive efforts have been focusing on atom efficiency, increased safety, waste avoidance, and other process improvements for the transesterification synthesis of DPC. However, low product selectivity, separation, and catalyst deactivation remain bottlenecks of the process, despite recent significant progress. Therefore, the present interest focuses on rational design of highly efficient and stable catalysts. However, there is still a lack of a comprehensive summary on catalyst design and mechanism involved. Therefore, in this work, transesterification of DMC with phenol has been critically revised as a model case, to illustrate the structure-performance correlation and reaction pathways for transesterification with phenols. In this perspective, recent advances on exptl. and investigations on rational design of heterogeneous catalysts, for facile liquid-phase reaction of DMC with phenol, have been systematically discussed, in terms of catalyst synthesis, surface characterization, and structure-function relationship. More importantly, plausible mechanisms for transesterification of DMC with phenol will be systematically discussed with the aim to provide insights into fundamental understanding on transesterification chem. and improvement of activity, selectivity, and stability of these catalytic materials. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0Quality Control of Diphenyl carbonate).

Diphenyl carbonate (cas: 102-09-0) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120掳 C鈥揅鈥揙 and O鈥揅鈥揙 angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C鈥揙鈥揅 bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Quality Control of Diphenyl carbonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chemical characterization, in vitro biological activity of essential oils and extracts of three Eryngium L. species and molecular docking of selected major compounds was written by Matejic, Jelena S.;Stojanovic-Radic, Zorica Z.;Ristic, Mihailo S.;Veselinovic, Jovana B.;Zlatkovic, Bojan K.;Marin, Petar D.;Dzamic, Ana M.. And the article was included in Journal of Food Science and Technology in 2018.Electric Literature of C15H22O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Many Eryngium species have been traditionally used as ornamental, edible or medicinal plants. The gas chromatog.-flame ionization detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses have shown that the major compounds in the aerial parts were spathulenol (in E. campestre and E. palmatum oils) and germacrene D (in E. amethystinum oil). The main compounds in the root oil were nonanoic acid, 2,3,4-trimethylbenzaldehyde and octanoic acid for E. campestre, E. amethystinum and E. palmatum, resp. All the oils expressed the highest potential against Gram-pos. bacteria Staphylococcus aureus as well as Gram-neg. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus mirabilis. Mol. docking anal. was used for determining a potential antibacterial activity mechanism of compounds present in the essential oils. Mol. docking confirmed that the binding affinity of spathulenol to the active site of tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase was the highest among the tested dominant compounds Regarding the total phenolic content (determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay) and flavonoid content (evaluated using aluminum nitrate nonahydrate), the highest amount was found in the Et acetate extract of E. palmatum. The results of DPPH and ABTS assay indicated that the highest antioxidant activity was present in the water extract of E. amethystinum. Extracts of the aerial parts presented as min. inhibitory concentration (MIC) expressed the activity in the range 0.004-20.00 mg/mL, with the highest activity exhibited by the acetone and Et acetate extracts against Proteus mirabilis. The obtained results suggest that Eryngium species may be considered a beneficial native source of the compounds with antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7Electric Literature of C15H22O2).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120掳 C鈥揅鈥揙 and O鈥揅鈥揙 angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C鈥揙鈥揅 bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Electric Literature of C15H22O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A Technique for Rapid Gas Chromatography Analysis Applied to Ambient Organic Aerosol Measurements from the Thermal Desorption Aerosol Gas Chromatograph (TAG) was written by Zhang, Yaping;Williams, Brent J.;Goldstein, Allen H.;Docherty, Ken;Ulbrich, Ingrid M.;Jimenez, Jose L.. And the article was included in Aerosol Science and Technology in 2014.Quality Control of 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

While automated techniques exist for the integration of individual gas chromatograph peaks, manual inspection of integration quality and peak choice is still required due to drifting retention times and changing peak shapes near detection limits. The feasibility of a simplified method to obtain multiple bulk species classes from complex gas chromatog. data is investigated here with data from the thermal desorption aerosol gas chromatograph (TAG). Chromatograms were divided into many “chromatog. bins” containing total eluting mass spectra (both from resolved species and unresolved complex mixture [UCM]), instead of only integrating resolved peaks as is performed in the traditional chromatog. anal. method. Pos. matrix factorization (PMF) was applied to the mass spectra of the chromatog. bins to determine major factors contributing to the observed chem. composition PMF factors are not highly sensitive to the specific PMF error estimation method applied. Increasing the number of chromatog. bins that each chromatogram was divided into improved PMF results until reaching 400 bins. Increasing the number of bins above 400 does not significantly improve the PMF results. This is likely due to 400 bin separation providing bin widths (4.6 s) that match the narrowest peak widths (4.8 s) of compounds found in the TAG chromatograms. The bin-based method took only a small fraction of the time to complete compared to peak-integrated method, significantly saving operator time and effort. Finally, high-factor solutions (e.g., 20 factors) of bin-based PMF can sep. many individual compounds, homologues compound series, and UCM from chromatog. data. Copyright 2014 American Association for Aerosol Research. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7Quality Control of 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate).

2-Ethylhexyl benzoate (cas: 5444-75-7) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Quality Control of 2-Ethylhexyl benzoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics