Tag: 100-200

5-Ethyl-5-(2-thienyl)barbituric acid was written by Blicke, F. F.;Zienty, M. F.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 1941.Safety of Methyl 2-thienylacetate This article mentions the following:

5-Ethyl-5-(2-thienyl)barbituric acid (I), m. 179-80°, was prepared by the following series of reactions: 2-thienyl-magnesium bromide and solid CO₂ give 92% of 2-thiophenecarboxylic acid; SOCl₂ gives 85% of 2-thenoyl chloride; CH₂N₂ gives 2-thienyl diazomethyl ketones, m. 67-8°; Ag₂O in absolute alc. gives 68% of Et 2-thiopheneacetate, b₂₆ 124-9°; Me ester, b₂₃ 115-18°; the free acid m. 75-6° (cf. Ger. pat. 650,706, C. A. 32, 595.5); 2-thienylmethyl chloride with NaCN in 50% EtOH gives 60% of 2-thienylmethyl cyanide, b₂₂ 115-20°; hydrolysis of 5 g. gives 2 g. of 2-thiopheneacetic acid, m. 75-6°; the Et ester and (CO₂Et)₂ with EtONa, followed by pyrolysis of the Et α-ethoxalyl-2-thiopheneacetate at 155-60° and 20 mm., give 38% of di-Et 2-thienylmalonate, pale yellow, b₅ 145-8°; the Na derivative and EtBr give 64% of the Et derivative, b₅ 148-50°; refluxing with urea and Mg in absolute MeOH for 12 hrs. gives 58% of I. Preliminary results indicate that I is as active as phenobarbital. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9Safety of Methyl 2-thienylacetate).

Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Safety of Methyl 2-thienylacetate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Characterization of key aroma compounds in Xinjiang dried figs (Ficus carica L.) by GC-MS, GC-olfactometry, odor activity values, and sensory analyses was written by Yao, Lingyun;Mo, Yifan;Chen, Da;Feng, Tao;Song, Shiqing;Wang, Huatian;Sun, Min. And the article was included in LWT–Food Science and Technology in 2021.Category: esters-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Xinjiang is the main production area of figs in China. In this work, three different methods (SDE, SAFE, and SPME) were employed to extract the volatile compounds from Xinjiang dried figs. The exactions were then analyzed using aroma extract dilution anal. (AEDA) based on gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatog.-olfactometry (GC-O). Seventy-five aroma-active compounds were identified with flavor dilutions (FD) factors ranging from 1 to 2187. Aroma compounds with odor activity value (OAV) greater than 10 were subsequently used in aroma reconstitution and omission experiments Based on instrumental anal. and sensory evaluation, 22 compounds were identified as the key aroma compounds and eight of these were evaluated as the most important aroma contributors of Xinjiang dried figs, including heptanal, nonanal, linalool, benzyl benzoate, styrene, eugenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, and vanillin. Moreover, three volatile components, including 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol and ortho-guaiacol, were identified as key aroma compounds of dried figs and have not been reported previously. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lipase immobilization on hyroxypropyl methyl cellulose support and its applications for chemo-selective synthesis of β-amino ester compounds was written by Badgujar, Kirtikumar C.;Bhanage, Bhalchandra M.. And the article was included in Process Biochemistry (Oxford, United Kingdom) in 2016.Category: esters-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

The present study carried out the synthesis of β-amino ester compounds using lipase immobilized on hyroxypropyl Me cellulose (HMC) support. Initially various lipases (biocatalysts) from different origins were immobilized and subsequently screened to obtain a robust biocatalyst. The lipase from Pseudomonas fluorescens (PFL) immobilized on HMC displayed the highest lipase activity, protein content and retention of activity. Phys. and biochem. characterization verified immobilization of lipase PFL on the HMC support. This immobilized biocatalyst HMC:PFL (3.5:1) was successfully applied for the practical biocatalytic synthesis of a variety of β-amino esters. Eight reaction parameters were optimized in detail to achieve the maximum yield and chemo-selectivity. The developed biocatalytic protocol was successfully applied to synthesize different industrially important β-amino esters compounds (21 substrates) with an excellent yield (>90%) and remarkable chemo selectivity (>94%). Interestingly, the immobilized HMC:PFL lipase showed 2.1-2.5 fold higher bio-catalytic activity and five times recyclability as compared to the free PFL. A plausible mechanism for lipase catalyzed synthesis of β-amino ester compounds was also proposed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 3-(cyclopentylamino)propanoate (cas: 754125-43-4Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

Methyl 3-(cyclopentylamino)propanoate (cas: 754125-43-4) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Composition and insecticide potential against Tribolium castaneum of the fractionated essential oil from the flowers of the Tunisian endemic plant Ferula tunetana Pomel ex Batt was written by Baccari, Wiem;Znati, Mansour;Zardi-Bergaoui, Afifa;Chaieb, Ikbel;Flamini, Guido;Ascrizzi, Roberta;Ben Jannet, Hichem. And the article was included in Industrial Crops and Products in 2020.Category: esters-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

For several years, plant derived substances, in particular essential oils, have been the subject of increasing attention in their safe and ecofriendly application to crops, as a powerful alternative to chem. insecticides. For this reason, the essential oil isolated from flowers of Ferula tunetana, a Tunisian endemic plant, was investigated for the first time for its chem. profile, and its toxicity and repellency effects against Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) adults. The anal. by gas chromatog. coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) led to determine 92.8-99.1% of the total oil (FEO) and its fractions (F₁-F₁₂) obtained every 15 min during the hydrodistillation process. The chem. anal. allowed to identify 77 compounds a-Pinene (14.3%), a monoterpene hydrocarbon, was the major compound of the raw essential oil. Relatively high amounts of oxygenated sesquiterpenes (44.9-76.8%) were detected, consisting mainly of epi-α-muurolol (3.6-9.5%), himachalol (6.8%) and β-chenopodiol (5.1-7.1%). Regarding the repellency assay, results demonstrated that flowers essential oil of F. tunetana and its fractions displayed interesting repellent property (93%). The median LD (LD₅₀) of the topical application of the oil was 10.44%. Fumigation with the raw essential oil gave a LD₅₀ of 161.89μL/L air. The overall data suggest that the F. tunetana essential oil might be used to protect stored products from pest attacks, but further studies are needed in order to better understand the synergistic relationship between the phytochems. contained in the essential oil. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Application of composts and potassium sulphate on root rot incidence, morphological growth, yield components, oil content and constitutes of marjoram plants (Majorana hortensis L.) was written by Eisa, El-Sayed E. A.;Meligy, Manal M.;Ziedan, El- Sayed H. E.. And the article was included in Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology in 2022.Product Details of 105-87-3 This article mentions the following:

Isolation of root rot tissue of diseased marjoram plants, yielded isolates fungal genera of Fusarium spp. and Rhizoctonia solani. Isolates of F. monoliforme and F. oxysporum, causing the highest root rot percentage and disease severity of marjoram plants in pot experiment In the field, soil amendement with either composts of sugarcane bagasse, soybean straw and rice straw and in combination with potassium sulfate at (50 or 75 kg/feddan.). Obtained indicated that, application of rice straw compost in combination with potassium sulfate (K2O) at 75 kg was the best treatment reduced root rot incidence of marjoram plants and highly significantly increased, plant height, fresh and dry weigh, yield components, content and percentage of essential oil as well in volatile oil high percentage of terpinene -4-ol (42.9%). Meanwhile, the high percentage of linalyl acetate (34.6%) in the application of (K2O) at 75 kg/feddan combined with soybean compost and carvacrol (32.3%) in the application of (K2O) at 75 kg/feddan. So, integration application of composts with (K2O) could be used as alternative strategies to fungicides for controlling root rot disease in marjoram, enhanching plant growth, yield components and constitutes of essential oil. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3Product Details of 105-87-3).

(E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Product Details of 105-87-3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pyrrole studies. VI. The N-H stretching frequencies of substituted pyrroles: methyl and carbethoxy substituents was written by Jones, R. Alan;Moritz, A. G.. And the article was included in Spectrochimica Acta in 1965.Name: Ethyl 4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

The ir spectra of some substituted pyrroles were examined in the N-H stretching region under high resolution in CCl₄. In all cases 2 concentration-independent bands were observed. For compounds with a carbethoxy group in the α position, this is attributed to rotational isomerism. In other cases the 2nd band arises from interaction with the out-of-plane deformation vibration of the N-H group, producing a hot band. An analysis of the data for pyrroles containing Me and carbethoxy substituents, shows that the effect of each group on the N-H stretching frequency is independent of other substituents and is additive. The frequencies can be represented by a single equation, ν_NH = 3496 – 9n_αCH₃ + 2n_βCH₃ – 13n_βCO₂Et – {¹⁴₃₁n_αCO₂Et, where n_α and n_β are the number of substituents in the α and β positions, resp. In the last term, the coefficient is 14 or 31. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (cas: 2199-49-7Name: Ethyl 4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate).

Ethyl 4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (cas: 2199-49-7) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Name: Ethyl 4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Valuation and study of the activity of an essential oil extracted from a medicinal plant myrtle was written by Boussak, Hassina;Demim, Soraya;Hammadou, Souad;Loucif Seiad, Lynda. And the article was included in Materials Today: Proceedings in 2022.Name: (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate This article mentions the following:

The proposed study is to assess the inhibitory effect of a common myrtus plant species on strains responsible for urinary tract infections by the application of two different techniques, hydrodistillation and extraction by Soxhlet in order to obtain better yields and good characteristics of the oil. The yields obtained by hydrodistillation and Myrtle soxhlet are resp.: 10.06 and 13.33%. The physicochem. characterizations were carried out by CGSM. The antibacterial activity of Myrtle oil against Escherichia coli was remarkable with inhibition diameters greater than 20 mm. Myrtle oil inhibits the growth of yeasts and weakens the growth of Staphylococcus aureus which is said to have a bacteriostatic effect. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3Name: (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate).

(E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Name: (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Aroma-volatile profile and its changes in Australian grown black Perigord truffle (Tuber melanosporum) during storage was written by Choo, Kenny S. O.;Bollen, Maike;Dykes, Gary A.;Coorey, Ranil. And the article was included in International Journal of Food Science and Technology in 2021.Category: esters-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Black Perigord truffle (Tubermelanosporum) is one of the most expensive fungi in the world that appreciated by gourmets. Studies have indicated the impact of growing location and soil microorganisms on the aroma profile of truffle. The aroma profile of West Australian black Perigord truffle (Tuber melanosporum) has not been previously reported, which was studied over a 14 day storage period. Sixty-four compounds were identified in all truffle samples. Significant changes (P > 0.05) were observed in 11 key volatiles (carbon dioxide, acetaldehyde, 2-butanone, 3-methyl-1-butanal, toluene, 2-butenal, formic acid 2-Me Bu ester, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 6-methyl-2-heptanol, 3-octanol and DMSO) over time. Comparison of these results against published aroma profile of European grown black Perigord truffle identified number of significant similarities and differences were also detected. DMSO, a compound previously identified in European grown white truffle (Tuber magnatum), was detected. Principle component anal. (PCA) showed that the major changes in the truffle aroma profile took place in the first 7 days of storage. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Discrimination and characterization of the volatile organic compounds in eight kinds of huajiao with geographical indication of China using electronic nose, HS-GC-IMS and HS-SPME-GC-MS was written by Feng, Xiya;Wang, Hongwei;Wang, Zhirong;Huang, Pimiao;Kan, Jianquan. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Synthetic Route of C12H20O2 This article mentions the following:

Huajiao (Zanthoxylum bungeanum maxim. and Zanthoxylum armatum DC.) is a highly prized spice in China due to its distinctive aroma and taste. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of eight kinds of red and green huajiao which varied according to geog. indication of P. R. China were evaluated by electronic nose (E-nose), headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) and headspace-gas chromatog.-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS). Results showed that red huajiao emitted more terpenes, esters, and fewer alcs. than green huajiao. Partial least squares-discriminant anal. based on GC-MS and GC-IMS data was revealed a good classifying tool for huajiao from different original habitats. Four and eight aroma substances were selected as the potential markers by the variable importance in projection (VIP) variable selection method, resp. The results of the current study provide a useful basis in the huajiao aroma difference study. Addnl., a rapid huajiao aroma anal. method using GC-IMS was developed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3Synthetic Route of C12H20O2).

(E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Synthetic Route of C12H20O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Application of hard-core Exponential-6 intermolecular potential function to determine the second osmotic virial coefficients of polymer solutions was written by Peyrovedin, Hamed;Khorram, Mohammad;Shariati, Alireza. And the article was included in Polymer Bulletin (Heidelberg, Germany) in 2021.Safety of Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate This article mentions the following:

The osmotic pressures of polymer solutions are related to their corresponding osmotic virial coefficients There are several exptl. methods to determine the osmotic virial coefficients However, these exptl. virial coefficients are restricted to the exptl. conditions. An alternative way of determining the osmotic virial coefficient is with the help of statistical thermodn., and unlike exptl. methods, because of its theor. basis, it is not restricted to limited ranges of exptl. conditions. The osmotic virial coefficients can be used to calculate the different properties of polymers and polymer solutions, such as the average mol. weight of the polymer (M) and the theta temperature In this work, for the first time, the second osmotic virial coefficients of a number of polymeric solutions are calculated using the Kihara and Exponential-6 intermol. potential functions. Furthermore, the hard-core Exponential-6 model, that we have proposed, is also investigated. Addnl., the mol. weights and theta temperatures of these solutions are determined using the calculated second virial coefficients and are compared to literature data. The results show that the recent hard-core Exponential-6 potential model is more accurate than the Kihara and Exponential-6 models and is applicable for calculating other properties of the polymers and polymer solutions In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1Safety of Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate).

Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Safety of Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics