Tag: 100-200

Comparison of Phenylacetates with Benzoates and Phenylpropanoates as Antifeedants for the Pine Weevil, Hylobius abietis was written by Unelius, C. Rikard;Bohman, Bjoern;Nordlander, Goeran. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2018.HPLC of Formula: 28478-46-8 This article mentions the following:

This study concludes an extensive investigation of antifeedants for the pine weevil, Hylobius abietis (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), an economically important pest of planted conifer seedlings. Building on the previously reported antifeedant effects of benzoates and phenylpropanoids (aromatic compounds with one- or three-carbon-atom substituents on the benzene ring), we here report the antifeedant effects of compounds with two-carbon-atom side chains (i.e., phenylacetates). We also present new results; the best antifeedants from the benzoate class were tested at 10-fold lower concentrations in order to find the optimal antifeedants. Generally, for all three compound classes, efficient antifeedants were found to have one or two Me, chloro, or methoxy substituents on the aromatic ring. For monosubstituted phenylpropanoids, the substituent preferably should be in the para-position. In the search for synergistic antifeedant effects among the three compound classes, combinations of compounds from the three classes were tested in binary and ternary mixtures In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxybenzoate (cas: 28478-46-8HPLC of Formula: 28478-46-8).

Methyl 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxybenzoate (cas: 28478-46-8) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. HPLC of Formula: 28478-46-8

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Reformatsky and Blaise reactions in flow as a tool for drug discovery: one pot diversity oriented synthesis of valuable intermediates and heterocycles was written by Huck, L.;Berton, M.;de la Hoz, A.;Diaz-Ortiz, A.;Alcazar, J.. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2017.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate This article mentions the following:

The application of Reformatskii and Blaise reactions for the preparation of a diverse set of valuable intermediates and heterocycles, e.g., I in a one-pot protocol was described. To achieve this goal, a greener activation protocol for zinc in flow conditions was developed to introduce this metal efficiently into α-bromoacetates. The organozinc compounds were added to a diverse set of ketones and nitriles to obtain a wide range of functional groups and heterocyclic systems. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate (cas: 13669-10-8Recommanded Product: Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate).

Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate (cas: 13669-10-8) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography as a powerful strategy for the exploration of Broas volatile composition was written by Bento-Silva, Andreia;Duarte, Noelia;Santos, Magda;Costa, Carina Pedrosa;Vaz Patto, Maria Carlota;Rocha, Silvia M.;Bronze, Maria Rosario. And the article was included in Molecules in 2022.Synthetic Route of C6H10O2 This article mentions the following:

Broa is a Portuguese maize bread with characteristic sensory attributes that can only be achieved using traditional maize varieties. This study intends to disclose the volatile compounds that are mainly associated with the baking process of broas, which can be important contributors to their aroma. Twelve broas were prepared from twelve maize flours (eleven traditional maize varieties and one com. hybrid). Their volatile compounds were analyzed by GCxGC-ToFMS (two-dimensional gas chromatog. coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry) for an untargeted screening of the chem. compounds mainly formed during baking. It was possible to identify 128 volatiles that belonged to the main chem. families formed during this stage. Among these, only 16 had been previously detected in broas. The most abundant were furans, furanones, and pyranones, but the most relevant for the aroma of broas were ascribed to sulfur-containing compounds, in particular di-Me trisulfide and methanethiol. Pyrazines might contribute neg. to the aroma of broas since they were present in higher amounts in the com. broa. This work constitutes the most detailed study of the characterization of broas volatile compounds, particularly those formed during the Maillard reaction. These findings may contribute to the characterization of other maize-based foodstuffs, ultimately improving the production of foods with better sensory features. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7Synthetic Route of C6H10O2).

5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Synthetic Route of C6H10O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The competitive rates of reaction of a series of substituted benzyl methyl ethers with N-bromosuccinimide was written by Lovins, R. E.;Andrews, L. J.;Keefer, R. M.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1965.Computed Properties of C10H12O3 This article mentions the following:

The relative rates of reaction of a series of nuclear-substituted benzyl methyl ethers (XC₆H₄CH₂OCH₃) with N-bromosuccinimide in carbon tetrachloride are not highly sensitive to the influence of ring substituents. The small variations in substituent effects observed for the reaction do not parallel those expected for a transition state involving development of negative charge on the benzylic carbon but rather favor a transition state involving positive polarization of the reaction center. On the basis of the substituent effects observed in the reaction of benzyl methyl ethers with N-bromosuccinimide and the results of a determination of the relative rates of reaction of p-nitro- and p-methoxyethylbenzene (XC₆H₄CH₂CH₃) and of p-methoxybenzyl cyanide (p-CH₃OC₆H₄CH₂CN) with N-bromosuccinimide, it has been concluded that the magnitude of the effect of a ring substituent X on the benzyl hydrogen abstraction process is controlled primarily by the ability of the group Y to contribute to the intrinsic stability of the radical (XC₆H₄CHY) being formed in the activation process. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-methoxy-4-methylbenzoate (cas: 81245-24-1Computed Properties of C10H12O3).

Methyl 2-methoxy-4-methylbenzoate (cas: 81245-24-1) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Computed Properties of C10H12O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Volatile compounds and biogenic amines during the ripening of mold-ripened Civil cheese manufactured using three different strains of Penicillium roqueforti was written by Gurkan, H.;Yilmaztekin, M.;Cakmakci, S.;Hayaloglu, A. A.. And the article was included in Journal of Food Safety in 2018.Related Products of 659-70-1 This article mentions the following:

Three different strains of Penicillium roqueforti were used for the manufacture of mold-ripened Civil cheese and these cheeses were ripened at 4 and 10 °C for 90 days. Sixty-five volatile compounds were identified in the volatile fractions of the cheeses. The concentration of volatile compounds in cheeses was significantly affected ripening time temperature and by mold strains a lesser extent. 3-Methyl-1-butanol, 2-nonanol, Me dodecanoate, butanoic acid, and decanoic acid were the most frequently identified volatiles. Tryptamine, 2-phenylethylamine, putrescine, cadaverine, tyramine, spermidine, and spermine were also found. The most abundant biogenic amine was cadaverine. The formation of biogenic amines was significantly influenced by strain, ripening time, and temperature The biogenic amine content was found to be between 2.41 and 228.94 μg/g cheese. Ripening temperature and ripening time significantly influenced the formation of volatile compounds and biogenic amines. Practical applications : Moldy Civil is a traditional cheese variety produced in the eastern Anatolian region of Turkey and it is protected by geog. indication by Turkish Patent and Trademark Office (TURKPATENT) by 2010. It is manufactured using skimmed milk which is spontaneously acidified with native lactic acid bacteria and also the addition of preacidified whey. Three strains of P. roqueforti was used in Moldy Civil cheese-making and strains of the mold changed the volatile profiles and the levels of biogenic amines less than ripening time and temperature Me ketones and alcs. were the dominant groups in volatiles, while cadaverine was found to be principal biogenic amine in Moldy Civil cheese. Use of P. roqueforti strains contributed to the formation of the volatile fraction of the cheese; however, the level of biogenic amines changed by P. roqueforti strains a lesser extent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1Related Products of 659-70-1).

Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Related Products of 659-70-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A Mild Method for the Direct Fluorination of Pyrroles by Using a Lipophilic Anionic Phase-Transfer Catalyst was written by Hiramatsu, Kenichi;Tamamura, Hirokazu. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2016.Category: esters-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

A mild fluorination method for pyrroles, based on anionic phase-transfer catalysis by using Selectfluor, a lipophilic phosphoric acid, and a base in an apolar solvent is described. The thus obtained fluorinated pyrroles bearing a wide variety of functional groups are attractive building blocks for medicinal chem. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (cas: 2199-49-7Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

Ethyl 4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (cas: 2199-49-7) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A metal-free desulfurizing radical reductive C-C coupling of thiols and alkenes was written by Qin, Qixue;Wang, Weijing;Zhang, Cheng;Song, Song;Jiao, Ning. And the article was included in Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) in 2019.Application In Synthesis of Methyl 4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)butanoate This article mentions the following:

An intermol. reductive C-C coupling of electrophilic alkyl radicals and alkenes was developed. Thiols were used as both hydrogen-donating reagents and alkyl radical precursors in the presence of tri-Et phosphite and radical initiator. A wide range of alkenes, including styrenes and aliphatic olefins were well tolerated in this transformation. Mechanistic studies indicated that a phosphite promoted radical desulfurization of thiols to accessed electrophilic alkyl radicals and a radical chain propagation process may be involved in this transformation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)butanoate (cas: 93108-07-7Application In Synthesis of Methyl 4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)butanoate).

Methyl 4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)butanoate (cas: 93108-07-7) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Application In Synthesis of Methyl 4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)butanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Solution-Phase Parallel Synthesis of Spirohydantoins was written by Nieto, Marcelo J.;Philip, Ashok E.;Poupaert, Jacques H.;McCurdy, Christopher R.. And the article was included in Journal of Combinatorial Chemistry in 2005.COA of Formula: C8H4N2O This article mentions the following:

Spirohydantoins are considered privileged structures, making them attractive for the preparation of compound libraries with the potential for diverse biol. activity. However, very few modifications of this scaffold have been reported to date. The spirohydantoin template was elaborated into a library of 168 compounds through a two-step solution-phase parallel synthesis starting from various N-substituted piperidinone derivatives The Strecker reaction was employed to generate α-amino nitriles from aniline and TMSCN (or KCN). Subsequent reaction of the anilido nitrogen with a diverse set of isocyanates, followed by refluxing under acidic conditions, afforded the title library in high yield and purity. An example compound thus prepared was 3-butyl-8-methyl-1-phenyl-1,3,8-triazaspiro[4.5]decane-2,4-dione (I). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Cyanophenylisocyanate (cas: 16413-26-6COA of Formula: C8H4N2O).

3-Cyanophenylisocyanate (cas: 16413-26-6) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.COA of Formula: C8H4N2O

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

E-cigarette fluids and aerosol residues cause oxidative stress and an inflammatory response in human keratinocytes and 3D skin models was written by Khachatoorian, Careen;Luo, Wentai;McWhirter, Kevin J.;Pankow, James F.;Talbot, Prue. And the article was included in Toxicology In Vitro in 2021.Electric Literature of C10H18O2 This article mentions the following:

Our goal was to evaluate the effects of EC refill fluids and EC exhaled aerosol residue (ECEAR) on cultured human keratinocytes and MatTek EpiDerm, a 3D air liquid interface human skin model. Quantification of flavor chems. and nicotine in Dewberry Cream and Churrios refill fluids was done using GC-MS. The dominant flavor chems. were maltol, ethyl maltol, vanillin, Et vanillin, benzyl alc., and furaneol. Cytotoxicity was determined with the MTT and LDH assays, and inflammatory markers were quantified with ELISAs. Churrios was cytotoxic to keratinocytes in the MTT assay, and both fluids induced ROS production in the medium (ROS-Glo) and in cells (CellROX). Exposure of EpiDerm to relevant concentrations of Dewberry Cream and Churrios for 4 or 24 h caused secretion of inflammatory markers (IL-1α, IL-6, and MMP-9), without altering EpiDerm histol. Lab made fluids with propylene glycol (PG) or PG plus a flavor chem. did not produce cytotoxic effects, but increased secretion of IL-1α and MMP-9, which was attributed to PG. ECEAR derived from Dewberry Cream and Churrios did not produce cytotoxicity with Epiderm, but Churrios ECEAR induced IL-1α secretion. These data support the conclusion that EC chems. can cause oxidative damage and inflammation to human skin. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9Electric Literature of C10H18O2).

5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Electric Literature of C10H18O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Simultaneous analysis of volatile and semi-volatile components in a topical formulation by gas chromatography using a programmed temperature vaporization inlet and flame ionization detection was written by Anyakudo, Felix;Adams, Erwin;Van Schepdael, Ann. And the article was included in Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis in 2019.SDS of cas: 118-61-6 This article mentions the following:

Topical formulations are medications applied locally on the skin to treat ailment. They are made up of complex mixtures of active ingredients and excipients. Till date, no anal. method has been found in literature that is able to simultaneously analyze volatile and semi-volatile actives present in topical formulations. In this work, an anal. procedure by gas chromatog. equipped with a programmed temperature vaporizing (PTV) inlet and a flame ionization detector was developed and validated for the simultaneous quant. determination of volatile and semi-volatile actives such as camphor, L-menthol, Me salicylate, Et salicylate, salicylic acid, glycol monosalicylate and capsaicin in a topical formulation. Liquid-liquid extraction was used to isolate the components of interest prior to injection into the gas chromatog. system. All target analytes were completely separated from each other and a linear calibration curve was achieved for all analytes with a determination coefficient > 0.995. 2-phenoxyethanol was used as internal standard for quantitation. Good repeatability and recovery values were achieved and reported. This method reports for the first time, the simultaneous quant. anal. of volatile and semi-volatile active pharmaceutical ingredients in a single measurement. The developed method was successfully applied to the anal. of real pharmaceutical samples and the described anal. protocols can be recommended for routine anal. of both volatile and semi-volatile actives in the topical formulation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6SDS of cas: 118-61-6).

Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. SDS of cas: 118-61-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics