Tag: 100-200

In 2022,Kumdale, Prashant Ganpatrao; Shitole, Nana Vikram published an article in Oriental Journal of Chemistry. The title of the article was 《Synthesis of pyrazole compounds by using sonication method》.Safety of Methyl 4-fluorobenzoate The author mentioned the following in the article:

A simple method for the synthesis of pyrazoles derivatives carried out by cyclization of cyanides with hydrazine hydrate by using sonication method. All the prepared compounds were characterized by 1H, 13C NMR and IR spectroscopy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 4-fluorobenzoate(cas: 403-33-8Safety of Methyl 4-fluorobenzoate)

Methyl 4-fluorobenzoate(cas: 403-33-8) can be used in the synthesis of trisubstituted imidazole derivatives containing a 4-fluorophenyl group, a pyrimidine ring, and a CN- or CONH2-substituted benzyl moiety.Safety of Methyl 4-fluorobenzoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Han, Jinlong; Yin, Yue; Xu, Duo; Wang, Hao; Yu, Shuang; Han, Dongyun; Niu, Yunxia; Xu, Runyu published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Growth inhibition and oxidative damage of Microcystis aeruginosa induced by aqueous extract of different submerged macrophytes》, and you may find the article in Environmental Science and Pollution Research.Reference of Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

With the increasing eutrophication of the aquatic environments, cyanobacteria blooms caused certain damage to the animals and plants in the aquatic environments. In this experiment, two species were selected from six species of submerged macrophytes, the exptl. conditions were changed to achieve the best inhibitory effect on Microcystis aeruginosa, and oxidative damage anal. was carried out. The experiment results demonstrated that the inhibition rate of Vallisneria natans and Ceratophyllum demersum was nearly 100% at the concentration of 3 g/L after 15 days of anaerobic soaking extract In addition, the longer the soaking time of the two submerged macrophytes, the weaker the photosynthesis effect, and the lower the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, the more obvious the inhibition effect on M. aeruginosa. Lipid peroxidation injury of M. aeruginosa could be reflected by malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration The MDA concentration in the exptl. group was significantly higher than the control group. Results showed that V. natans and C. demersum could induce oxidative damage in M. aeruginosa. It was also observed that the secondary metabolites produced by V. natans were mainly fatty acids (e.g., the oxidative acid was 6.92 w/%, and the successful acid was 9.85 w/%) which inhibited M. aeruginosa in gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The main secondary metabolites in C. demersum were hydroxyl acids (e.g., the 4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenylacetic acid was 24.33 w/%), which could inhibit the algae through allelopathy. This study provided reference for submerged macrophytes to inhibit M. aeruginosa under different conditions. In the experiment, the researchers used Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate(cas: 609-14-3Reference of Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate)

Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate(cas: 609-14-3) belongs to ketone compounds. They are most widely used as solvents, especially in industries manufacturing explosives, lacquers, paints, and textiles. Ketones are also used in tanning, as preservatives, and in hydraulic fluids.Reference of Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Gegenhuber, Thomas; Muellner, Markus published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Molecular polymer brushes made via ring-opening metathesis polymerization from cleavable RAFT macromonomers》, and you may find the article in Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics.Application of 36016-38-3 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The use of labile covalent bonds such as oximes and acetals for their application in the synthesis, and controlled triggered deconstruction, of mol. polymer brushes (MPBs) is reported. Macromonomers (MMs) are produced via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization using chain transfer agents (CTAs) featuring customized labile moieties. Ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of the MMs using the grafting-through approach produced MPBs in which the cleavable CTA is incorporated along the backbone, between the brush main chain and its side chains. Degradation (i.e., the detachment of side chains) of the brush is possible through exposure to an acid stimulus. Especially, ketoxime, sol-ketal, and ethoxyethyl (EE) acetal-based motifs demonstrate excellent orthogonality to the polymerization protocols. This study highlights how polymer architectures can be built from, and reverted to, single polymer chains by using well-designed CTAs in a straight-forward approach. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found N-tert-Butoxycarbonylhydroxylamine(cas: 36016-38-3Application of 36016-38-3)

N-tert-Butoxycarbonylhydroxylamine(cas: 36016-38-3) belongs to anime.Typically the presence of an amine functional group is deduced by a combination of techniques, including mass spectrometry as well as NMR and IR spectroscopies. 1H NMR signals for amines disappear upon treatment of the sample with D2O. In their infrared spectrum primary amines exhibit two N-H bands, whereas secondary amines exhibit only one.Application of 36016-38-3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ma, Shichuang; Jiang, Weiqi; Li, Qi; Li, Tian; Wu, Wenjun; Bai, Hangyu; Shi, Baojun published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Design, Synthesis, and Study of the Insecticidal Activity of Novel Steroidal 1,3,4-Oxadiazoles》, and you may find the article in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.Quality Control of Ethyl oxalyl monochloride The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A series of novel steroidal derivatives with a substituted 1,3,4-oxadiazole structure was designed and synthesized, and the target compounds were evaluated for their insecticidal activity against five aphid species. Most of the tested compounds exhibited potent insecticidal activity against Eriosoma lanigerum (Hausmann), Myzus persicae, and Aphis citricola. Compounds (I) and (II) displayed the highest activity against E. lanigerum, showing LC50 values of 27.6 and 30.4 μg/mL, resp. Ultrastructural changes in the midgut cells of E. lanigerum were detected by transmission electron microscopy, indicating that these steroidal oxazole derivatives might exert their insecticidal activity by destroying the mitochondria and nuclear membranes in insect midgut cells. Furthermore, a field trial showed that compound I exhibited effects similar to those of the pos. controls chlorpyrifos and thiamethoxam against E. lanigerum, reaching a control rate of 89.5% at a dose of 200 μg/mL after 21 days. We also investigated the hydrolysis and metabolism of the target compounds in E. lanigerum by assaying the activities of three insecticide-detoxifying enzymes. Compound I at 50 μg/mL exhibited inhibitory action on carboxylesterase similar to the known inhibitor tri-Ph phosphate. The above results demonstrate the potential of these steroidal oxazole derivatives to be developed as novel pesticides. In the experiment, the researchers used Ethyl oxalyl monochloride(cas: 4755-77-5Quality Control of Ethyl oxalyl monochloride)

Ethyl oxalyl monochloride(cas: 4755-77-5) belongs to acyl chlorides. Lacking the ability to form hydrogen bonds, acyl chlorides have lower boiling and melting points than similar carboxylic acids. For example, acetic acid boils at 118 °C, whereas acetyl chloride boils at 51 °C. Like most carbonyl compounds, infrared spectroscopy reveals a band near 1750 cm−1.Quality Control of Ethyl oxalyl monochloride

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Baldwin, Aaron F.; Caporello, Michaella A.; Chen, Guoyong; Goetz, Adam E.; Hu, Weifeng; Jin, Chengfeng; Knopf, Kevin M.; Li, Zhifeng; Lu, Cuong V.; Monfette, Sebastien; Puchlopek-Dermenci, Angela L. A.; Shi, Feng published their research in Organic Process Research & Development in 2021. The article was titled 《Kilogram-Scale Preparation of an Aminopyrazole Building Block via Copper-Catalyzed Aryl Amidation》.Related Products of 4248-19-5 The article contains the following contents:

We describe a scalable method for preparing an aminopyrazole building block using copper-catalyzed amidation with acetamide as an ammonia surrogate (4-bromo-1-methyl-1H-pyrazole + acetamide →→ 1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-amine hydrochloride). This procedure provides an alternative to the standard nitration/reduction sequence and avoids energetic intermediates, specialized hydrogenation equipment, and potentially genotoxic impurities that arise from nitro reduction The chem. has been successfully scaled to produce >50 kg of the target compound and demonstrate the viability of this alternative route. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl carbamate(cas: 4248-19-5Related Products of 4248-19-5)

tert-Butyl carbamate(cas: 4248-19-5) belongs to anime. In organic chemistry, amines are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair. Amines are formally derivatives of ammonia (NH3), wherein one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a substituent such as an alkyl or aryl group (these may respectively be called alkylamines and arylamines; amines in which both types of substituent are attached to one nitrogen atom may be called alkylarylamines).Related Products of 4248-19-5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Incorporation of photocatalytic Pt(II) complexes into imine-based layered covalent organic frameworks (COFs) through monomer truncation strategy》 was written by Lopez-Magano, Alberto; Platero-Prats, Ana E.; Cabrera, Silvia; Mas-Balleste, Ruben; Aleman, Jose. SDS of cas: 609-08-5 And the article was included in Applied Catalysis, B: Environmental in 2020. The article conveys some information:

A new photoactive Pt (II) hydroxyquinoline complex has been covalently linked into the structure of an imine-based layered covalent organic framework (COF) through the monomer truncation strategy. Such strategy allows the incorporation of mol. fragments with only one functional group able to condensate into the imine-framework. The photocatalytic activity of the resulting Pt@COF has been applied to the oxidation of sulfides to sulfoxides, obtaining excellent results for all the studied cases, and showing that this reaction goes through both photoredox and energy transfer processes. The results obtained showed a great enhancement of the catalytic activity (up to 25,000 turnover number, TON), stability and a significant decrease on the reaction times, as a consequence of immobilization and isolation of Pt(II) centers into the organic framework. In addition, Pt@COF has been proved to be an excellent heterogeneous photocatalyst also in exclusive photoredox processes, reaching 7500 TON in hydrodebromination reactions. In addition to this study using Diethyl 2-methylmalonate, there are many other studies that have used Diethyl 2-methylmalonate(cas: 609-08-5SDS of cas: 609-08-5) was used in this study.

Diethyl 2-methylmalonate(cas: 609-08-5) belongs to aliphatic hydrocarbons. Aliphatic hydrocarbons belong to the most abundant fraction in crude oil. Aliphatics molecules are linear or branched open-chain structures such as n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cycloalkanes (naphthenes), terpenes and steranes.SDS of cas: 609-08-5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Photocontrolled Radical Polymerization from Hydridic C-H Bonds》 was written by Stache, Erin E.; Kottisch, Veronika; Fors, Brett P.. Category: esters-buliding-blocks And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Given the ubiquity of carbon-hydrogen bonds in biomols. and polymer backbones, the development of a photocontrolled polymerization selectively grafting from a C-H bond represents a powerful strategy for polymer conjugation. This approach would circumvent the need for complex synthetic pathways currently used to introduce functionality at a polymer chain end. On this basis, we developed a hydrogen-atom abstraction strategy that allows for a controlled polymerization selectively from a hydridic C-H bond using a benzophenone photocatalyst, a trithiocarbonate-derived disulfide, and visible light. We performed the polymerization from a variety of ethers, alkanes, unactivated C-H bonds, and alcs. Our method lends itself to photocontrol which has important implications for building advanced macromol. architectures. Finally, we demonstrate that we can graft polymer chains controllably from poly(ethylene glycol) showcasing the potential application of this method for controlled grafting from C-H bonds of commodity polymers. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Benzyl acrylate(cas: 2495-35-4Category: esters-buliding-blocks)

Benzyl acrylate(cas: 2495-35-4) is a reagent that can be used in the preparation of 2-(Phosphonomethyl)pentanedioic Acid, a selective glutamate carboxypeptidase 2 (GCP-II) inhibitor. It can also be used in the preparation of high refractive index polyacrylates.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Related Products of 4248-19-5In 2019 ,《Identification of protonated primary carbamates by using gas-phase ion-molecule reactions followed by collision-activated dissociation in tandem mass spectrometry experiments》 appeared in Organic Process Research & Development. The author of the article were Niyonsaba, Edouard; Easton, Mckay W.; Liu, Judy K. Y.; Yu, Zaikuan; Sheng, Huaming; Kong, John Y.; Zhang, Zhoupeng; Easterling, Leah F.; Milton, Jacob; Kenttamaa, Hilkka I.. The article conveys some information:

The levels of potentially mutagenic impurities (PMIs) in active pharmaceutical ingredients are highly regulated and must be below a critical safety threshold. One class of PMIs is primary carbamates, which are formed during drug manufacturing and formulation. To comply with safety regulations, it is critically important to develop anal. techniques that enable the identification of primary carbamates during the drug development process. In this study, tandem mass spectrometry combined with gas-phase ion-mol. reactions as well as collision-activated dissociation (CAD) is demonstrated to enable the identification of protonated primary carbamates. Primary carbamates were protonated via atm. pressure chem. ionization (APCI) in a linear quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer, isolated, and allowed to react with trimethoxymethylsilane (TMMS) introduced into the ion trap via an external reagent mixing manifold. Protonated primary carbamates reacted with TMMS to form an adduct ion, [M + H + TMMS]+, and an adduct ion that had lost methanol, [M + H + TMMS – MeOH]+. Upon CAD, the [M + H + TMMS – MeOH]+ product ions generated a diagnostic fragment ion via loss of isocyanic acid. Quantum chem. calculations were employed to explore the possible mechanisms for the formation of the product ions upon ion-mol. reactions and for the fragmentation of the [M + H + TMMS – MeOH]+ product ion. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of tert-Butyl carbamate(cas: 4248-19-5Related Products of 4248-19-5)

tert-Butyl carbamate(cas: 4248-19-5) belongs to anime. Amines characteristically form salts with acids; a hydrogen ion, H+, adds to the nitrogen. With the strong mineral acids (e.g., H2SO4, HNO3, and HCl), the reaction is vigorous. Salt formation is instantly reversed by strong bases such as NaOH. Neutral electrophiles (compounds attracted to regions of negative charge) also react with amines; alkyl halides (R′X) and analogous alkylating agents are important examples of electrophilic reagents.Related Products of 4248-19-5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

COA of Formula: C4H5ClO3In 2021 ,《Discovery of novel positive allosteric modulators of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor: Scaffold hopping approach》 appeared in European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. The author of the article were Ledneczki, Istvan; Tapolcsanyi, Pal; Gabor, Eszter; Visegrady, Andras; Vass, Marton; Eles, Janos; Holm, Patrik; Horvath, Anita; Pocsai, Aniko; Maho, Sandor; Greiner, Istvan; Kramos, Balazs; Beni, Zoltan; Koti, Janos; Kancz, Anna E.; Than, Marta; Kolok, Sandor; Laszy, Judit; Balazs, Ottilia; Bugovits, Gyula; Nagy, Jozsef; Vastag, Monika; Szajli, Agota; Bozo, Eva; Levay, Gyorgy; Lendvai, Balazs; Nemethy, Zsolt. The article conveys some information:

The paper focuses on the scaffold hopping-based discovery and characterization of novel nicotinic alpha 7 receptor pos. modulator (α7 nAChR PAM) ligands around the reference mol. (A-867744). First, substantial efforts were carried out to assess the importance of the various pharmacophoric elements on the in vitro potency (SAR evaluation) by chem. modifications. Subsequently, several new derivatives with versatile, heteroaromatic central cores were synthesized and characterized. A promising, pyrazole-containing new chemotype with good physicochem. and in vitro parameters was identified. Retrospective anal. based on homol. modeling was also carried out. Besides its favorable in vitro characteristics, the most advanced derivative 69 also showed in vivo efficacy in a rodent model of cognition (scopolamine-induced amnesia in the mouse place recognition test) and acceptable pharmacokinetic properties. Based on the in vivo data, the resulting mol. with advanced drug-like characteristics has the possibility to improve cognitive performance in a biol. relevant dose range, further strengthening the view of the supportive role of α7 nACh receptors in the cognitive processes. In the experiment, the researchers used Ethyl oxalyl monochloride(cas: 4755-77-5COA of Formula: C4H5ClO3)

Ethyl oxalyl monochloride(cas: 4755-77-5) belongs to acyl chlorides. Lacking the ability to form hydrogen bonds, acyl chlorides have lower boiling and melting points than similar carboxylic acids. For example, acetic acid boils at 118 °C, whereas acetyl chloride boils at 51 °C. Like most carbonyl compounds, infrared spectroscopy reveals a band near 1750 cm−1.COA of Formula: C4H5ClO3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wan, Qiaoqiao; Wang, Xinyue; Zhao, Bei; Zhao, Guoming; Zhao, Guangzhen; Gao, Enyuan; Gong, Yuxiu; Yu, Haibin; Wang, Xing; Liu, Di; Tian, Yuanyu published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Influence of calcination temperature on the cooperative catalysis of base sites and gold nanoparticles on hydrotalcite-supported gold materials for the base-free oxidative esterification of 1, 3-propanediol with methanol to methyl 3-hydroxypropionate》, and you may find the article in Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis.Quality Control of Methyl 3-hydroxypropanoate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite (HT) supported gold catalyst (1 wt% Au/HT) was prepared by the colloid-deposition method and characterized by inductively coupled plasma at. emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES), X-ray diffraction (XRD), nitrogen adsorption, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), XPS and Hammett indicator method. The effects of calcination temperature of catalyst and support on the catalytic performance of aerobic oxidative esterification of 1,3-propanediol with methanol to Me 3-hydroxypropionate (3-HPM) under base-free condition were studied. The results showed that the conversion of 1,3-propanediol and the selectivity of 3-HPM increased first and then decreased with the increase of calcination temperature of catalyst and support. The optimal calcination temperature of catalyst and support is 150°C. Under the optimum preparation conditions, the conversion of 1,3-propanediol and the selectivity to 3-HPM are 96.2% and 94.9%, resp. In addition, the 1 wt% Au/HT catalyst could be effectively recovered by calcining at 150°C in air atm., and the performance of the catalyst does not decrease significantly. The performance of the catalyst is higher than that reported previously. The structure of magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite with appropriate d. and medium strength base sites and small metallic Au particles are favorable for the selective oxidative esterification of 1,3-propanediol to 3-HPM. The experimental part of the paper was very detailed, including the reaction process of Methyl 3-hydroxypropanoate(cas: 6149-41-3Quality Control of Methyl 3-hydroxypropanoate)

Methyl 3-hydroxypropanoate(cas: 6149-41-3) belongs to esters with low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and found in essential oils and pheromones. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Quality Control of Methyl 3-hydroxypropanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics