Tag: 100-200

Homrani, Yasmina; El Amrani, Mohamed Amin; Loxq, Pauline; Capet, Frederic; Suisse, Isabelle; Sauthier, Mathieu published an article in 2022. The article was titled 《Synthesis and crystal structures of palladium complexes based on α-amino-oximes derived from (R)-limonene and their application in allylic alkylation of 1,3-dioxo compounds》, and you may find the article in Comptes Rendus Chimie.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Coordination compounds Pd(L1)Cl2, Pd(L2)Cl2, and Pd(L3)Cl2 have been synthesized from optically pure α-amino-oxime ligands s L1-L3 b based on (R)-limonene. Structures of the new palladium complexes are characterized and described by NMR spectroscopy and X-rays. These α-amino-oxime ligands were then evaluated in the palladium-catalyzed allylation of 1,3-dioxo compounds In addition to this study using Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate, there are many other studies that have used Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate(cas: 609-14-3Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate) was used in this study.

Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate(cas: 609-14-3) belongs to ketone compounds. Ketones are highly reactive, although less so than aldehydes, to which they are closely related. Much of their chemical activity results from the nature of the carbonyl group. Ketones readily undergo a wide variety of chemical reactions.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cottrez, Francoise; Leblanc, Virginie; Boitel, Elodie; Groux, Herve; Alepee, Nathalie published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《The EyeIRR-IS assay: Development and evaluation of an in vitro assay to measure the eye irritation sub-categorization of liquid chemicals》, and you may find the article in Toxicology In Vitro.Name: Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Several alternative methods have been developed and regulatory adopted by OECD as in vitro alternatives to the Draize eye irritation assay either to detect chems. not requiring classification (No Category) or inducing serious damage to the eye (Category 1) but none are sensitive enough to identify chems. inducing reversible eye effects (category 2) which are categorised by default. Therefore, the discriminatory power of a genomic approach applied to the SkinEthic Human Corneal Epithelium (HCE) model was investigated to allow subcategorization capacity according to UN GHS classification. An algorithm based on gene expression modulation on a training (62) and a test (31 liquids) chem. set, tested neat and at 30%was evaluated in an assay called EyeIRR-IS. Its accuracy prediction to distinguish Cat1/Cat2 from No Cat was 95% with a specificity of 89% and a sensitivity of 98%. For subcategorization into the 3 GHS classes the accuracy reached 84% with 94% Cat1, 67% Cat2 and 89% No Cat correctly predicted. No Cat.1 chems. were underestimated as neg. with a majority of misclassified Cat2 over predicted as Cat 1. In conclusion, the performance of the assay suggests its added value in a defined approach for liquids to replace the Draize assay. The experimental process involved the reaction of Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate(cas: 609-14-3Name: Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate)

Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate(cas: 609-14-3) belongs to ketone compounds. Ketones are highly reactive, although less so than aldehydes, to which they are closely related. Much of their chemical activity results from the nature of the carbonyl group. Ketones readily undergo a wide variety of chemical reactions.Name: Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Methoxylation of Acyl Fluorides with Tris(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)phosphine via C-OMe Bond Cleavage under Metal-Free Conditions》 was written by Wang, Xiu; Wang, Zhenhua; Ishida, Takumi; Nishihara, Yasushi. Electric Literature of C8H7FO2 And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Aryl fluorides (prepared from the corresponding aryl chlorides) underwent methoxylation reactions with tris(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)phosphine (TMPP) (in the absence of added metal catalysts or reagents) in toluene to yield Me esters. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Methyl 4-fluorobenzoate(cas: 403-33-8Electric Literature of C8H7FO2)

Methyl 4-fluorobenzoate(cas: 403-33-8) can be used in the synthesis of trisubstituted imidazole derivatives containing a 4-fluorophenyl group, a pyrimidine ring, and a CN- or CONH2-substituted benzyl moiety.Electric Literature of C8H7FO2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Benzimidazole derivatives as potent and isoform selective tumor-associated carbonic anhydrase IX/XII inhibitors》 was published in Bioorganic Chemistry in 2020. These research results belong to Uslu, Azize Gizem; Maz, Tugce Gur; Nocentini, Alessio; Banoglu, Erden; Supuran, Claudiu T.; Caliskan, Burcu. Quality Control of Methyl 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoate The article mentions the following:

We describe the synthesis of a series of 2-arylbenzimidazole derivatives bearing sulfonamide functionality (4a-d, 7a-c and 10) as well as hydroxamic acid (15a-b), carboxylic acid (16a-b), carboxamide (17a-b) and boronic acid (22a-b and 26) functionalities, which act as human carbonic anhydrase (hCA, EC 4.2.1.1) inhibitors. The newly synthesized benzimidazole derivatives were evaluated against 4 physiol. relevant CA isoforms (hCA I, II, IX, and XII), and especially the sulfonamide-containing benzimidazoles demonstrated intriguing inhibitory activity against tumor associated CA IX and XII with KI values in the range of 5.2-29.3 nM and 9.9-41.7 nM, resp. Notably, compound 4c was the most potent and selective CA IX (KI = 6.6 nM) and XII (KI = 9.9 nM) inhibitor with a significant selectivity ratio over cytosolic CA I and II isoforms in the range of 3.4-25.2. In addition, compounds having hydroxamic acid (15a-b) or carboxylic acid (16a-b) functionalities resulted in greater selectivity ratios for CA IX/XII over CAI/II in the range of 4.1-121.5 although with KI values in lower micromolar potency (KIs = 0.36-0.85μM for CA IX/XII). The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Methyl 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoate(cas: 329-59-9Quality Control of Methyl 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoate)

Methyl 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoate(cas: 329-59-9) belongs to methyl benzoate. Methyl benzoate reacts at both the ring and the ester, depending on the substrate. Electrophiles attack the ring, illustrated by acid-catalysed nitration with nitric acid to give methyl 3-nitrobenzoate.Quality Control of Methyl 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoateMethyl 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoate is used to prepare dimethyl 3-nitro-3′,4-oxydibenzoate by reacting with 3-hydroxy-benzoic acid methyl ester.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The author of 《Novel 8-amino-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-3-one derivatives as potent human adenosine A1 and A2A receptor antagonists. evaluation of their protective effect against β-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells》 were Falsini, Matteo; Catarzi, Daniela; Varano, Flavia; Dal Ben, Diego; Marucci, Gabriella; Buccioni, Michela; Volpini, Rosaria; Di Cesare Mannelli, Lorenzo; Ghelardini, Carla; Colotta, Vittoria. And the article was published in Bioorganic Chemistry in 2019. Product Details of 16982-21-1 The author mentioned the following in the article:

In this work, an enlarged series of 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazin-3-ones was designed to target the human (h) A2A adenosine receptor (AR) or both hA1 and hA2A ARs. The novel 8-amino-1,2,4-triazolopyrazin-3-one derivatives 1-25 featured a Ph or a benzyl pendant at position 2 while different aryl/heteroaryl substituents were placed at position 6. Two compounds (8(I) and 10(II)) endowed with high affinity (Ki = 7.2 and 10.6 nM) and a complete selectivity for the hA2A AR were identified. Moreover, several derivatives possessed nanomolar affinity for both hA1 and hA2A ARs (both Ki < 20 nM) and different degrees of selectivity vs. the hA3 AR. Two selected compounds (II and 25(III)) demonstrated ability in preventing β-amyloid peptide (25-35)-induced neurotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells. Results of docking studies at the hA2A and hA1 AR crystal structures helped us to rationalize the observed affinity data and to highlight that the steric hindrance of the substituents at the 2- and 6-position of the bicyclic core affects the binding mode in the receptor cavity. The experimental process involved the reaction of Ethyl 2-amino-2-thioxoacetate(cas: 16982-21-1Product Details of 16982-21-1)

Ethyl 2-amino-2-thioxoacetate(cas: 16982-21-1) belongs to anime. Reaction with nitrous acid (HNO2), which functions as an acylating agent that is a source of the nitrosyl group (―NO), converts aliphatic primary amines to nitrogen and mixtures of alkenes and alcohols corresponding to the alkyl group in a complex process. This reaction has been used for analytical determination of primary amino groups in a procedure known as the Van Slyke method.Product Details of 16982-21-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The author of 《Metabolite Responsive Nanoparticle-Protein Complex》 were Fruehauf, Krista R.; Kim, Tae Il; Nelson, Edward L.; Patterson, Joseph P.; Wang, Szu-Wen; Shea, Kenneth J.. And the article was published in Biomacromolecules in 2019. Formula: C4H5ClO3 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Stimuli-responsive polymers are an efficient means of targeted therapy. Compared to conventional agents, they increase bioavailability and efficacy. In particular, polymer hydrogel nanoparticles (NPs) can be designed to respond when exposed to a specific environmental stimulus such as pH or temperature However, targeting a specific metabolite as the trigger for stimuli response could further elevate selectivity and create a new class of bioresponsive materials. In this work we describe an N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) NP that responds to a specific metabolite, characteristic of a hypoxic environment found in cancerous tumors. NIPAm NPs were synthesized by copolymerization with an oxamate derivative, a known inhibitor of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). The oxamate-functionalized NPs (OxNP) efficiently sequestered LDH to produce an OxNP-protein complex. When exposed to elevated concentrations of lactic acid, a substrate of LDH and a metabolite characteristic of hypoxic tumor microenvironments, OxNP-LDH complexes swelled (65%). The OxNP-LDH complexes were not responsive to structurally related small mols. This work demonstrates a proof of concept for tuning NP responsiveness by conjugation with a key protein to target a specific metabolite of disease. The results came from multiple reactions, including the reaction of Ethyl oxalyl monochloride(cas: 4755-77-5Formula: C4H5ClO3)

Ethyl oxalyl monochloride(cas: 4755-77-5) belongs to acyl chlorides. Lacking the ability to form hydrogen bonds, acyl chlorides have lower boiling and melting points than similar carboxylic acids. For example, acetic acid boils at 118 °C, whereas acetyl chloride boils at 51 °C. Like most carbonyl compounds, infrared spectroscopy reveals a band near 1750 cm−1.Formula: C4H5ClO3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The author of 《Fluoroalkylation of Various Nucleophiles with Fluoroalkyl Sulfones through a Single Electron Transfer Process》 were Xiao, Pan; Ni, Chuanfa; Miao, Wenjun; Zhou, Min; Hu, Jingyu; Chen, Dingben; Hu, Jinbo. And the article was published in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2019. Recommanded Product: 609-08-5 The author mentioned the following in the article:

The fluoroalkylation of various nucleophilic reagents with (phenylsulfonyl)difluoromethyl (PhSO2CF2)-substituted phenanthridines was achieved to give fluorinated phenanthridine derivatives, which enables the construction of both carbon-heteroatom and carbon-carbon bonds via the substitution of the phenylsulfonyl group. Mechanistic studies indicated that these reactions proceed through a unimol. radical nucleophilic substitution (SRN1) mechanism. It is worthwhile noting that in the cases of O-nucleophiles (t-BuO- and PhO-), the addition of t-BuOK/PhCHO could significantly promote the reactions, due to the in situ formation of a highly reactive electron donor species through the interaction of t-BuOK, PhCHO, and the solvent DMF, which can effectively initiate the single electron transfer process. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Diethyl 2-methylmalonate(cas: 609-08-5Recommanded Product: 609-08-5)

Diethyl 2-methylmalonate(cas: 609-08-5) belongs to aliphatic hydrocarbons. Aliphatic hydrocarbons belong to the most abundant fraction in crude oil. Aliphatics molecules are linear or branched open-chain structures such as n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cycloalkanes (naphthenes), terpenes and steranes.Recommanded Product: 609-08-5

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Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The author of 《Ferrocenylethenyl-substituted oxadiazoles with phenolic and nitro anchors as sensitizers in dye sensitized solar cells》 were Singh, Amita; Kociok-Kohn, Gabriele; Trivedi, Manoj; Chauhan, Ratna; Kumar, Abhinav; Gosavi, Suresh W.; Terashima, Chiaki; Fujishima, Akira. And the article was published in New Journal of Chemistry in 2019. Name: Ethyl oxalyl monochloride The author mentioned the following in the article:

Three new ferrocenyl oxadiazoles, viz. (E)-2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5-(2-ferrocenyl-ethen-1-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (D2), (E)-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2-ferrocenyl-ethen-1-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole (D3) and (E)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-[5-(2-ferroceneylethen-1-yl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-1,2,4-oxadiazole (D4) derived from (E)-3-ferrocenylacrylic acid (D1) having phenolic or nitro anchors, were synthesized and characterized using microanalyses and relevant spectroscopic techniques. UV-visible spectroscopic studies indicate that with respect to ferrocene, the electronic absorption bands of the new compounds are bathochromically shifted up to 600 nm with a concomitant enhancement in their intensities. All four compounds were used as photosensitizers in TiO2-based dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). The photovoltaic performances and charge transport properties (EIS spectra) of these compounds were studied to appraise their dye performance. All four compounds displayed good photovoltaic performances. However, compounds D2 and D4 displayed superior performance, which might be due to the better electronic communication between the ferrocenyl moiety and the six membered aromatic ring with their -OH/NO2 anchors having five membered oxadiazole spacers, as well as the high dye loading of these compounds on the TiO2 surface, which suppresses charge recombination, prolongs electron lifetime, and decreases the total resistance of DSSCs. The assembly fabricated using D4 performed better with an overall conversion efficiency η of 4.70%, Jsc of 10.33 mA cm-2 and Voc of -0.712 V. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl oxalyl monochloride(cas: 4755-77-5Name: Ethyl oxalyl monochloride)

Ethyl oxalyl monochloride(cas: 4755-77-5) belongs to acyl chlorides. In the laboratory, acyl chlorides are generally prepared by treating carboxylic acids with thionyl chloride (SOCl2). The reaction is catalyzed by dimethylformamide and other additives.Name: Ethyl oxalyl monochloride

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2019,Journal of Insect Physiology included an article by Wen, Ming; Li, Ertao; Chen, Qi; Kang, Hui; Zhang, Shuai; Li, Kebin; Wang, Yinliang; Jiao, Yin; Ren, Bingzhong. Related Products of 119-36-8. The article was titled 《A herbivore-induced plant volatile of the host plant acts as a collective foraging signal to the larvae of the meadow moth, Loxostege sticticalis (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The meadow moth Loxostege sticticalis is a serious agricultural pest that feeds on the leaves of many economic crops, such as sugar beet, soybean, sunflower, and potato. In addition to the rapid migration of adult moths, the collective foraging behavior of the larvae is also thought to be involved in the search for new food sources and substantially contributes to the expansion of the infested area. However, whether and how the chem. signals take part in this process remains unknown. In this study, two larva-specific expressed odorants, LstiOR5 and LstiOR6, were successfully cloned and deophanized. A heterologous study on Xenopus laevis oocytes showed that several host plant volatiles could evoke LstiOR responses in a dose-dependent manner. One herbivore-induced plant volatile (HIPV) of soybean leaves, Me salicylate (MeSA), exerted attractive effects on the L. sticticalis larvae at all tested concentrations Further foraging choice assays showed that the L. sticticalis larvae preferred foraged soybean leaves over unforaged leaves. When MeSA was artificially added to unforaged leaves, the unforaged leaves were preferred over the foraged leaves. In addition, GC-MS anal. demonstrated that MeSA was induced by the foraging behavior of the larvae and acted as a collective food signal in L. sticticalis. Moreover, in situ hybridization showed that LstiOR5 was highly expressed in larval antenna neurons. When LstiOR5 was silenced, both the electrophysiol. response of the antenna to MeSA and the preference for foraged leaves were significantly decreased, suggesting that LstiOR5 is involved in the collective foraging behavior of L. sticticalis. Our results clarified the chem. signals that trigger the collective foraging behavior of L. sticticalis and provided more evidence for the mol. mechanism underlying the expansions of their infested areas at a peripheral olfactory sensing level. These findings could facilitate the development of potential control strategies for controlling this pest and provide a potential gene target that correlates with the collective foraging behavior of L. sticticalis, which might lead to better pest management. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl Salicylate(cas: 119-36-8Related Products of 119-36-8)

Methyl Salicylate(cas: 119-36-8) has been used: as a component of clarifying solution for treating Mongolian gerbil cochlea intact for immunofluorescence analysis, as a plant elicitor to test its effect on reducing the whitefly population from tomato plants.Related Products of 119-36-8

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2017,Loucaides, Socratis; Rerolle, Victoire M. C.; Papadimitriou, Stathys; Kennedy, Hilary; Mowlem, Matthew C.; Dickson, Andrew G.; Gledhill, Martha; Achterberg, Eric P. published 《Characterization of meta-Cresol Purple for spectrophotometric pH measurements in saline and hypersaline media at sub-zero temperatures》.Scientific Reports published the findings.Formula: C8H6FNO4 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Accurate pH measurements in polar waters and sea ice brines require pH indicator dyes characterized at near-zero and below-zero temperatures and high salinities. We present exptl. determined phys. and chem. characteristics of purified meta-Cresol Purple (mCP) pH indicator dye suitable for pH measurements in seawater and conservative seawater-derived brines at salinities (S) between 35 and 100 and temperatures (T) between their f.p. and 298.15 K (25°C). Within this temperature and salinity range, using purified mCP and a novel thermostated spectrophotometric device, the pH on the total scale (pHT) can be calculated from direct measurements of the absorbance ratio R of the dye in natural samples aspHT = – log(kT2e2) + log(((R – e1)/(1 – R(e3/e2)))) Based on the mCP characterization in these extended conditions, the temperature and salinity dependence of the molar absorptivity ratios and – log(kT2e2) of purified mCP is described by the following functions: e1 = -0.004363 + 3.598 × 10-5T, e3/e2 = -0.016224 + 2.42851 × 10-4T + 5.05663 × 10-5(S – 35), and – log(kT2e2) = -319.8369 + 0.688159 S -0.00018374 S2 + (10508.724 – 32.9599 S + 0.059082S2) T-1 + (55.54253 – 0.101639 S) ln T -0.08112151T. This work takes the characterization of mCP beyond the currently available ranges of 278.15 K = T = 308.15 K and 20 = S = 40 in natural seawater, thereby allowing high quality pHT measurements in polar systems.Methyl 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoate(cas: 329-59-9Formula: C8H6FNO4) was used in this study.

Methyl 4-fluoro-3-nitrobenzoate(cas: 329-59-9) belongs to methyl benzoate. Methyl benzoate reacts at both the ring and the ester, depending on the substrate. Electrophiles attack the ring, illustrated by acid-catalysed nitration with nitric acid to give methyl 3-nitrobenzoate.Formula: C8H6FNO4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics