Tag: 100-200

In 2022,Kozma, Viktoria; Szollosi, Gyorgy published an article in Molecular Catalysis. The title of the article was 《Conjugate addition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to maleimides using bifunctional primary amine-(thio)phosphoramide organocatalysts》.Category: esters-buliding-blocks The author mentioned the following in the article:

Asym. Michael additions of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to N-substituted maleimides were carried out using primary amine-(thio)phosphoramide bifunctional chiral organocatalysts derived from optically pure C2-sym. 1,2-diamines. The addition of Et 2-fluoroacetoacetate using the 1,2-diphenylethane-1,2-diamine derived thiophosphoramide catalyst afforded various succinimides substituted with fluorine bearing quaternary carbon in high yields, good diastereomeric ratios and excellent enantiomeric excesses. Alicyclic β-ketoesters provided the diastereomerically pure Michael adducts in good yields and high enantioselectivities, whereas 2,4-pentanedione afforded products with slightly lower enantiomeric excesses. The bulkiness of the N-substituent of the maleimide ring influenced mostly the conversions. The thiophosphoramide catalyst was found also efficient in the addition of Et 2-fluoroacetoacetate to β-nitrostyrenes. Unprecedentedly, during this work the highly enantioselective addition of 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to maleimides were catalyzed by a primary amine-hydrogen-bond donor groups containing bifunctional organocatalyst. These reactions occurred through enamine intermediate, as evidenced by electrospray-ionization mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. After reading the article, we found that the author used Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate(cas: 609-14-3Category: esters-buliding-blocks)

Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate(cas: 609-14-3) belongs to ketone compounds. They are most widely used as solvents, especially in industries manufacturing explosives, lacquers, paints, and textiles. Ketones are also used in tanning, as preservatives, and in hydraulic fluids.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2022,Lebrun, Stewart; Chavez, Sara; Chan, Roxanne; Nguyen, Linda; Jester, James V. published an article in Toxicology In Vitro. The title of the article was 《Ascorbic acid specifically reduces the misclassification of nonirritating reactive chemicals in the OptiSafe macromolecular eye irritation test》.Synthetic Route of C7H12O3 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Recently, we showed that the addition of physiol. concentrations of ascorbic acid, a tear antioxidant, to the OptiSafe macromol. eye irritation test reduced the false-pos. (FP) rate for chems. that had reactive chemistries, leading to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and mol. crosslinking. The purpose of the current study was to 1) increase the number of chems. tested to comprehensibly determine whether the antioxidant-associated reduction in OD is specific to FP chems. associated with ROS chemistries and 2) determine whether the addition of antioxidants interferes with the detection of true pos. (TP) and true neg. (TN) ocular irritants. We report that when ascorbic acid is added to the test reagents, retesting of FP chems. with reactive chemistries show significantly reduced OD values (P < 0.05). Importantly, ascorbic acid had no significant effect on the OD values of TP or TN chems. regardless of chem. reactivity. These findings suggest that supplementation of ascorbic acid in alternative ocular irritation tests may help improve the detection of TN for those commonly misclassified reactive chems. The experimental process involved the reaction of Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate(cas: 609-14-3Synthetic Route of C7H12O3)

Ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate(cas: 609-14-3) belongs to ketone compounds. Ketones are highly reactive, although less so than aldehydes, to which they are closely related. Much of their chemical activity results from the nature of the carbonyl group. Ketones readily undergo a wide variety of chemical reactions.Synthetic Route of C7H12O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kawaii, Satoru; Matsuoka, Yu; Noguchi, Hideki; Sato, Takanori; Yoshizawa, Yuko published an article in 2022. The article was titled 《Relationship between the structure of alkylpsoralens and their antiproliferative activity in HL60 cells》, and you may find the article in Anticancer Research.Application of 4949-44-4 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A series of alkylpsoralens I were synthesized, and their antiproliferative activity was evaluated in leukemic HL60 cells. Alkylpsoralens I were systematically synthesized from the combination of several chloroketones and 7-hydroxycoumarin derivatives Among the compounds synthesized, 4,4′,8-trimethylpsoralen demonstrated the most potent activity (IC50 = 6.6μM). The correlation between the alkylation pattern and antiproliferative activity showed the importance of the C4-Me and C8-Me moieties in the psoralen nucleus as well as the importance of lipophilicity for their antiproliferative activity.Ethyl 3-oxopentanoate(cas: 4949-44-4Application of 4949-44-4) was used in this study.

Ethyl 3-oxopentanoate(cas: 4949-44-4) belongs to ketone compounds. Ketones are highly reactive, although less so than aldehydes, to which they are closely related. Much of their chemical activity results from the nature of the carbonyl group. Ketones readily undergo a wide variety of chemical reactions.Application of 4949-44-4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Dai, Yubei; Wang, Fang; Zhu, Shengqing; Chu, Lingling published an article in 2022. The article was titled 《Selective Ni-catalyzed cross-electrophile coupling of alkynes, fluoroalkyl halides and vinyl halides》, and you may find the article in Chinese Chemical Letters.Safety of Diethyl 2-methylmalonate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

A Ni-catalyzed three-component cross-electrophile coupling of alkynes with alkenyl halides and fluoroalkyl halides to generate fluoroalkyl-incorporated 1,3-dienes was reported. This mild and operationally simple protocol was distinguished by its broad substrate scope and excellent chemo-, regio- and stereoselectivity, offering a new and organometallic agent-free platform for the construction of fluoroalkyl-incorporated diene motifs. Preliminary mechanistic studies were conducted to probe the potential reaction pathway. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Diethyl 2-methylmalonate(cas: 609-08-5Safety of Diethyl 2-methylmalonate)

Diethyl 2-methylmalonate(cas: 609-08-5) belongs to aliphatic hydrocarbons. Aliphatic hydrocarbons belong to the most abundant fraction in crude oil. Aliphatics molecules are linear or branched open-chain structures such as n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cycloalkanes (naphthenes), terpenes and steranes.Safety of Diethyl 2-methylmalonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2022,Lessard, Jacob J.; Kaur, Parmeet; Paul, Justine E.; Chang, Kelly M.; Sottos, Nancy R.; Moore, Jeffrey S. published an article in ACS Macro Letters. The title of the article was 《Switching Frontal Polymerization Mechanisms: FROMP and FRaP》.Formula: C10H10O2 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Two frontal polymerization (FP) mechanisms, frontal ring-opening metathesis polymerization (FROMP) of dicyclopentadiene and frontal radical polymerization (FRaP) of benzyl acrylate and hexanediol diacrylate, were combined for rapid manufacturing of welded thermoset materials. Leveraging the immiscibility of the two different FP resins, welded thermosets and gradient foams of varying composition were achieved by switching of FP mechanisms. The adhesion strength of the welded thermoset materials differed depending on the originating mechanism. Finally, welded thermoset foams of varying porosity and homogeneity were generated through initiation from the bottom of the two resins. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Benzyl acrylate(cas: 2495-35-4Formula: C10H10O2)

Benzyl acrylate(cas: 2495-35-4) has been used in preparation of high refractive index polyacrylates. Benzyl acrylate is used in the preparation of heptanoic acid benzyl ester. It is used to prepare polybenzylacrylate using azobisisobutyronitrile as initiator.Formula: C10H10O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

In 2022,Avullala, Thirupataiah; Nguyen, Hiep H.; Dakarapu, Udaya Sree; Asgari, Parham; Hua, Yuanda; Jeon, Junha published an article in ACS Catalysis. The title of the article was 《Catalytic Net Oxidative C-C Activation and Silylation of Cyclopropanols with a Traceless Acetal Directing Group》.Related Products of 403-33-8 The author mentioned the following in the article:

Redox-neutral C-C (C-C) bond activation and functionalization strategies of cyclopropanols that give metallo homoenolate have offered merits to construct a range of useful β-functionalized ketones in an inverse-polarity fashion. Discovery and identification of oxidative C-C activation reactions of cyclopropanols that generate metallo enolate-homoenolate would provide an opportunity to afford α,β-difunctionalized ketones. The authors report catalytic, net oxidative C-C activation, and silylation of cyclopropanols with traceless acetal directing groups under consecutive Ir and Rh catalysis in regio-, stereo-, and chemo-selective fashion. In detail, Ir-catalyzed hydrosilylation of cyclopropyl acetates provides the acetal directing group in quant. yield. Rh-catalyzed proximal C-C silylation of the resulting cyclopropyl silyl acetal produces the metallo enolate-homoenolate equivalent, dioxasilepine, which uniquely holds an interconnected β-silyl moiety and Z-vinyl acetal. Upon sequential treatment of a silaphile that removes the acetal directing group and electrophile, the seven-membered Si-containing heterocycle, serving as the ketone α,β-dianion equivalent, delivers α,β-difunctionalized ketones. Scope of the hitherto unexplored reactivity of cyclopropanols toward net oxidative C-C silylation and the versatility of the resulting dioxasilepines were demonstrated. These include late-stage, net oxidative C-C silylation of biol. relevant mols. and facile production of a range of α,β-difunctionalized ketones. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that the C-C activation harnessing the electron-rich Wilkinson-type catalyst is likely the turnover-determining step and a Rh-π interaction is the key to the efficient metal insertion to the proximal C-C bond in cyclopropanols. After reading the article, we found that the author used Methyl 4-fluorobenzoate(cas: 403-33-8Related Products of 403-33-8)

Methyl 4-fluorobenzoate(cas: 403-33-8) is an organic fluorinated building block used for the synthesis of various pharmaceutical compounds. It can be used for the preparation of Blonanserin.Related Products of 403-33-8

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Straub, Matthew R.; Birman, Vladimir B. published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Organocatalytic Kinetic Resolution of N-Boc-Isoxazolidine-5-ones》, and you may find the article in Organic Letters.Reference of N-tert-Butoxycarbonylhydroxylamine The information in the text is summarized as follows:

An effective activation of racemic N-Boc-isoxazolidine-5-ones toward enantioselective alcoholysis by bifunctional organocatalysts was demonstrated. In fact,some of the selectivity factors recorded in this study were among the highest ever obtained in this type of transformation, thus highlighted the potential of these underexplored acyl donors in asym. catalysis. From a practical standpoint, the new methodol. was expected to offer a mechanistically different alternative to existing asym. approaches to isoxazolidinones I [R1 = i-Pr, Ph, 2-thienyl, etc.; R2 = t-Bu, Bn] and could be used to upgrade their level of enantiomericenrichment.N-tert-Butoxycarbonylhydroxylamine(cas: 36016-38-3Reference of N-tert-Butoxycarbonylhydroxylamine) was used in this study.

N-tert-Butoxycarbonylhydroxylamine(cas: 36016-38-3) belongs to anime. Acylation is one of the most important reactions of primary and secondary amines; a hydrogen atom is replaced by an acyl group (a group derived from an acid, such as RCOOH or RSO3H, by removal of ―OH, such as RC(=O)―, RS(O)2―, and so on). Reagents may be acid chlorides (RCOC1, RSO2C1), anhydrides ((RCO)2O), or even esters (RCOOR′); the products are amides of the corresponding acids.Reference of N-tert-Butoxycarbonylhydroxylamine

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chien, Tiffany; Jones, Drew R.; Danino, Tal published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Engineered bacterial production of volatile me salicylate》, and you may find the article in ACS Synthetic Biology.Reference of Methyl Salicylate The information in the text is summarized as follows:

The engineering of microbial metabolic pathways over the last two decades has led to numerous examples of cell factories used for the production of small mols. These mols. have an array of utility in com. industries and as in situ expressed biomarkers or therapeutics in microbial applications. While most efforts have focused on the production of mols. in the liquid phase, there has been increasing interest in harnessing microbes’ inherent ability to generate volatile compounds Here, we optimized and characterized the production of Me salicylate, an aromatic compound found mainly in plants, using a common lab strain of E. coli. We utilized genetic components from both microbes and plants to construct the volatile metabolite circuit cassette. In order to maximize production, we explored expression of Me salicylate precursors, upregulation of expression by increasing ribosomal binding strength and codon optimization of the Me transferase gene obtained from plant Petunia x hybrida. Last, we validated and quantified the production of Me salicylate with liquid chromatog. or gas chromatog. mass spectrometry (LC-MS or GC-MS) and found that the codon optimized strain with precursor supplementation yielded the highest production compared to the other strains. This work characterizes an optimized metabolite producing genetic circuit and sets the stage for creation of an engineered bacteria diagnostic to be used in volatile assays. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl Salicylate(cas: 119-36-8Reference of Methyl Salicylate)

Methyl Salicylate(cas: 119-36-8) has been used: as a component of clarifying solution for treating Mongolian gerbil cochlea intact for immunofluorescence analysis, as a plant elicitor to test its effect on reducing the whitefly population from tomato plants.Reference of Methyl Salicylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Li, Daxiong; Zhang, Chunsheng; Ding, Wei; Huang, Siming; Yu, Le; Lu, Nan; Pan, Wenkai; Li, Yiming; De Clercq, Erik; Pannecouque, Christophe; Zhang, Hongbing; Wang, Yueping; He, Yanping; Chen, Fener published their research in Chinese Chemical Letters in 2021. The article was titled 《Structure-based linker optimization of 6-(2-cyclohexyl-1-alkyl)-2-(2-oxo-2-phenylethylsulfanyl)pyrimidin-4(3H)-ones as potent non-nucleoside HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors》.Name: Diethyl 2-methylmalonate The article contains the following contents:

Most of these new compounds showed moderate to good activities against wild type HIV-1 with IC50 values ranging from 7.55μmol/L to 0.018μmol/L. Most of these new compounds I showed moderate to good activities against wild type HIV-1 with IC50 values ranging from 7.55μmol/L to 0.018μmol/L. Among them, compound I [R1 = Me; R2 = Et; R3 = H] [II] was identified as the most promising inhibitor against HIV-1 replication with an IC50 = 0.018μmol/L, CC50 = 194μmol/L, and SI = 12791, which was much more potent than the reference drugs NVP and DLV and comparable to AZT and EFV. In addition, compound [II] also exhibited improved activity against double mutant HIV-1 strain RES056 compared to that of the reference drugs NVP/DLV and DB02. The preliminary structure-activity relationship (SAR) and mol. modeling studies were also discussed, which provides some useful indications for guiding the further rational design of new S-DACO analogs. In addition to this study using Diethyl 2-methylmalonate, there are many other studies that have used Diethyl 2-methylmalonate(cas: 609-08-5Name: Diethyl 2-methylmalonate) was used in this study.

Diethyl 2-methylmalonate(cas: 609-08-5) belongs to aliphatic hydrocarbons. Aliphatic hydrocarbons belong to the most abundant fraction in crude oil. Aliphatics molecules are linear or branched open-chain structures such as n-alkanes, isoalkanes, cycloalkanes (naphthenes), terpenes and steranes.Name: Diethyl 2-methylmalonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cai, Chen-Yan; Wu, Zheng-Jian; Liu, Ji-Ying; Chen, Ming; Song, Jinshuai; Xu, Hai-Chao published their research in Nature Communications in 2021. The article was titled 《Tailored cobalt-salen complexes enable electrocatalytic intramolecular allylic C-H functionalizations》.Category: esters-buliding-blocks The article contains the following contents:

Oxidative allylic C-H functionalization is a powerful tool to streamline organic synthesis as it minimizes the need for functional group activation and generates alkenyl-substituted products amenable to further chem. modifications. The intramol. variants can be used to construct functionalized ring structures but remain limited in scope and by their frequent requirement for noble metal catalysts and stoichiometric chem. oxidants. Here authors report an oxidant-free, electrocatalytic approach to achieve intramol. oxidative allylic C-H amination and alkylation by employing tailored cobalt-salen complexes as catalysts. These reactions proceed through a radical mechanism and display broad tolerance of functional groups and alkene substitution patterns, allowing efficient coupling of di-, tri- and even tetrasubstituted alkenes with N- and C-nucleophiles to furnish high-value heterocyclic and carbocyclic structures.Methyl 3-hydroxypropanoate(cas: 6149-41-3Category: esters-buliding-blocks) was used in this study.

Methyl 3-hydroxypropanoate(cas: 6149-41-3) belongs to esters with low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and found in essential oils and pheromones. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics