Tag: 100-200

Evaluation of press mud, vinasse powder and extraction sludge with ethanol in a pyrolysis process was written by Devia-Orjuela, John Steven;Alvarez-Pugliese, Christian E.;Donneys-Victoria, Dayana;Cabrales, Nilson Marriaga;Ho, Luz Edith Barba;Brem, Balazs;Sauciuc, Anca;Gal, Emese;Espin, Douglas;Schichtel, Martin;Lang, Dimitrina;Giardinelli, Sebastiano;Briceno, Maria. And the article was included in Energies (Basel, Switzerland) in 2019.Application In Synthesis of Ethyl methyl adipate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The effluents of the sugar and bio-ethanol industry, mainly vinasse as well as lignocellulosic waste, are produced in high volumes Therefore, their treatment and valorization would reduce the environmental impact and make this industry more productive and competitive. The purpose of this study was to determine the potential use of press mud (lignocellulosic waste), vinasse powder, and vinasse sludge from an extraction process with ethanol, as raw materials for conventional pyrolysis evaluating the physicochem. characteristics that affect this thermochem. process, such as calorific power, d., ash content, volatile material, moisture and nitrogen, sulfur, carbon and hydrogen content, thermogravimetric profile, and quantification of lignin cellulose and hemicellulose. The batch pyrolysis experiments showed that all three wastes could be converted successfully into more valuable products. The powder vinasse led to the formation of the lowest content of bio-char (42.7%), the highest production of volatiles (61.6 weight%), and the lowest ash content (20.5 weight%). Besides, it showed the high heating value of 15.63 MJ/kg. Meanwhile, the extraction sludge presented the highest liquid yield (32%) with the lowest gas formation (18.2 weight%) and the lowest heating value of 8.57 MJ/kg. Thus, the sludge could be a good feedstock for production of bio-oil and bio-char. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl methyl adipate (cas: 18891-13-9Application In Synthesis of Ethyl methyl adipate).

Ethyl methyl adipate (cas: 18891-13-9) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Application In Synthesis of Ethyl methyl adipate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Effectiveness of defatted seed meals from Brassicaceae with or without crude glycerin against black grass (Alopecurus myosuroides Huds.) was written by Matteo, R.;Back, M. A.;Reade, J. P. H.;Ugolini, L.;Pagnotta, E.;Lazzeri, L.. And the article was included in Industrial Crops and Products in 2018.Application of 2253-73-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Herbicide resistance has become an increasing problem, and at the same time pesticide usage is declining due to stringent EU pesticide legislation which aims to reduce the impact on environment and human health. For these reasons, new alternative integrated weed management approaches are becoming increasingly relevant. Formulations based on Brassica defatted seed meals (DSMs) and glycerin, have previously been shown to be effective in reducing the germination of lettuce seed. In this work five DSMs, formulated with and without crude glycerin, were chosen for in vitro and glasshouse experiments: (i) Brassica nigra, (ii) Brassica tournefortii, (iii) Eruca sativa, (iv) Rapistrum rugosum and (v) Sinapis alba. Black-grass (Alopecurus myosuroides), a weed demonstrating extensive herbicide resistance, was used as a target, and the germination inhibition caused on this weed by Brassica defatted seed meals was assessed. In both in vitro and in vivo experiments, the most effective DSM for inhibiting germination of both lettuce and black-grass seeds was the sinigrin containing DSM, Brassica nigra. The aim of the manuscript was to suggest a new high value application for Brassicas derived DSM as a co-products from the vegetable oil production chain. The proposed treatments could represent an interesting and 100% novel natural alternative to the conventional herbicides. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Isopropylisothiocyanate (cas: 2253-73-8Application of 2253-73-8).

Isopropylisothiocyanate (cas: 2253-73-8) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Application of 2253-73-8

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Exploring the volatile profile of whiskey samples using solid-phase microextraction Arrow and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was written by Ferracane, Antonio;Manousi, Natalia;Tranchida, Peter Q.;Zachariadis, George A.;Mondello, Luigi;Rosenberg, Erwin. And the article was included in Journal of Chromatography A in 2022.Quality Control of Isopentyl hexanoate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

We present a novel sample preparation method for the extraction and preconcentration of volatile organic compounds from whiskey samples prior to their determination by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatog. (GC x GC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS). Sample preparation of the volatile compounds, important for the organoleptic characteristics of different whiskeys and their acceptance and liking by the consumers, is based on the use of the solid-phase microextraction (SPME) Arrow. After optimization, the proposed method was compared with conventional SPME regarding the anal. of different types of whiskey (i.e., Irish whiskey, single malt Scotch whiskey and blended Scotch whiskey) and was shown to exhibit an up to a factor of six higher sensitivity and better repeatability by a factor of up to five, depending on the compound class. A total of 167 volatile organic compounds, including terpenes, alcs., esters, carboxylic acids, ketones, were tentatively-identified using the SPME Arrow technique, while a significantly lower number of compounds (126) were determined by means of conventional SPME. SPME Arrow combined with GC x GC-MS was demonstrated to be a powerful anal. tool for the exploration of the volatile profile of complex samples, allowing to identify differences in important flavor compounds for the three different types of whiskey investigated. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Isopentyl hexanoate (cas: 2198-61-0Quality Control of Isopentyl hexanoate).

Isopentyl hexanoate (cas: 2198-61-0) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Quality Control of Isopentyl hexanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Development of the 1,2,4-triazole-based anticonvulsant drug candidates acting on the voltage-gated sodium channels. Insights from in-vivo, in-vitro, and in-silico studies was written by Kapron, Barbara;Luszczki, Jarogniew J.;Plazinska, Anita;Siwek, Agata;Karcz, Tadeusz;Grybos, Anna;Nowak, Gabriel;Makuch-Kocka, Anna;Walczak, Katarzyna;Langner, Ewa;Szalast, Karolina;Marciniak, Sebastian;Paczkowska, Magdalena;Cielecka-Piontek, Judyta;Ciesla, Lukasz M.;Plech, Tomasz. And the article was included in European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences in 2019.Product Details of 2253-73-8 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The treatment of epilepsy remains difficult mostly since almost 30% of patients suffer from pharmacoresistant forms of the disease. Therefore, there is an urgent need to search for new antiepileptic drug candidates. Previously, it has been shown that 4-alkyl-5-substituted-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione derivativatives possessed strong anticonvulsant activity in a maximal electroshock-induced seizure model of epilepsy. In this work, we examined the effect of the chem. structure of the 1,2,4-triazole-3-thione-based mols. on the anticonvulsant activity and the binding to voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) and GABA_A receptors. Docking simulations allowed us to determine the mode of interactions between the investigated compounds and binding cavity of the human VGSC. Selected compounds were also investigated in a panel of ADME-Tox assays, including parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (PAMPA), single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) and cytotoxicity evaluation in HepG2 cells. The obtained results indicated that unbranched alkyl chains, from Bu to hexyl, attached to 1,2,4-triazole core are essential both for good anticonvulsant activity and strong interactions with VGSCs. The combined in-vivo, in-vitro and in-silico studies emphasize 4-alkyl-5-substituted-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiones as promising agents in the development of new anticonvulsants. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Isopropylisothiocyanate (cas: 2253-73-8Product Details of 2253-73-8).

Isopropylisothiocyanate (cas: 2253-73-8) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Product Details of 2253-73-8

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Differences in the composition of phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and volatiles between juice and pomace of four citrus fruits from Southern Italy was written by Multari, Salvatore;Carlin, Silvia;Sicari, Vincenzo;Martens, Stefan. And the article was included in European Food Research and Technology in 2020.HPLC of Formula: 112-14-1 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Processing citrus fruits into juice generates large amounts of byproducts, mainly pomaces. This study aimed to perform a comprehensive anal. of the composition in phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of juices and pomaces of four citrus fruits from Southern Italy, i.e., mandarin, lemon, orange, and bergamot. Results indicated that lemon provided the juice with the greatest phenolic content. It was abundant in eriocitrin (90.9 ± 10.8 mg kg^-1 FW), isorhamnetin 3-O-rutinoside (47.3 ± 8.03 mg kg^-1 FW), and rutin (78.9 ± 14.5 mg kg^-1 FW). Likewise, lemon pomace was the richest in phenolics, mostly narirutin (130 ± 14.7 mg kg^-1 FW). As regards carotenoids, mandarin and orange pomaces were equally (p > 0.05) prominent sources of the compounds, providing primarily lutein and β-cryptoxanthin. The phytochem. profile of lemon and mandarin pomaces was unknown up to date. Bergamot accumulated great amounts of VOCs. In particular, bergamot juice was rich in monoterpenes, e.g., α-pinene (375 ± 62.7 mg kg^-1 FW) and γ-terpinene (551 ± 67 mg kg^-1 FW). The study investigated for the first time the carotenoid and VOCs profiles of bergamot products, and of mandarin and lemon pomaces. Since, citrus pomaces contained great amounts of phytochems., they should find new applications in the food and cosmetic industries. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Octyl acetate (cas: 112-14-1HPLC of Formula: 112-14-1).

Octyl acetate (cas: 112-14-1) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.HPLC of Formula: 112-14-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A comprehensive characterization of volatile profiles of plum brandies using gas chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry was written by Filatova, Maria;Bechynska, Kamila;Hajslova, Jana;Stupak, Michal. And the article was included in LWT–Food Science and Technology in 2022.COA of Formula: C10H20O2 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Alike in case of other spirits, specific sensory properties of plum brandies, which are associated with aromatic compounds pattern, depend not only on a fruit quality but also on technol. used for raw material processing. In this study, novel approach based on the non-target screening of (semi)volatile compounds by gas chromatog. coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS) was employed. The potential of this approach to distinguish plum brandies of different origin was investigated. To involve as many compounds as possible for assessment, three different sample handling strategies prior to instrumental anal. were tested: (i) no pre-treatment direct sample injection, (ii) liquid-liquid extraction by Et acetate, (iii) extraction of volatiles by head-space solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME). The latter approach was selected for obtaining GC-HRMS volatiles fingerprints of a unique set of 41 plum brandy samples produced by the distilleries from Czech Republic and from Bulgaria. Multivariate statistical data anal. enabled construction of chemometric models for unbiased authentication of plum brandies, moreover, distinguishing between premium plum brandies and other ones from the Czech Republic was achieved. In addition, volatile compounds such as p-cymene, Me eugenol and furfural were identified among the most significant ‘markers’ responsible for reliable classification of the samples. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Octyl acetate (cas: 112-14-1COA of Formula: C10H20O2).

Octyl acetate (cas: 112-14-1) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. COA of Formula: C10H20O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Solvent Effects in Polyurethane Cure: A Model Study was written by Monaghan, Stephen;Pethrick, Richard A.. And the article was included in Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) in 2012.COA of Formula: C7H14O3 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

The effect of change of solvent type on the rate of cure of a polyol with an isocyanate was measured using a range of different techniques. The initial stages of the cure process were followed using viscosity and Fourier transform IR spectroscopy [FTIR] measurements. The gelation point was observed using viscosity measurements and depends on the solvent used. FTIR measurements confirm that both acceleration and inhibition of the polyurethane formation occurs with change of solvent. Comparative studies carried using mixtures of Et acetate/toluene and Bu acetate/xylene are reported. Intrinsic viscosity measurements revealed that the size of the polyol changes with temperature in a different manner depending on the solvent used. In part, the size of the polyol influences the ability for reaction to occur. Measurements of the permittivity, refractive index and solution viscosity indicates that these solvent mixtures deviate from ideality. A model to describe the observed solvent effects is proposed which includes the influence of polarity on the transition state and viscosity on the diffusion of the reactants. Using the measured viscosity and permittivity data for the mixtures, it was possible to obtain a good fit of the exptl. data. This study illustrates how the polyurethane reaction is sensitive to the type of solvent used and indicates how the reactivity may be influenced by change in solvent. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl 3-ethoxypropanoate (cas: 763-69-9COA of Formula: C7H14O3).

Ethyl 3-ethoxypropanoate (cas: 763-69-9) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.COA of Formula: C7H14O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Structural studies and applications of water soluble (phenoxy)imine palladium(II) complexes as catalysts in biphasic methoxycarbonylation of 1-hexene was written by Akiri, Saphan O.;Ojwach, Stephen O.. And the article was included in Journal of Organometallic Chemistry in 2021.Application In Synthesis of Methyl heptanoate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Reactions of the ligands; sodium 4-hydroxy-3-((phenylimino)methyl)benzenesulfonate (L1), sodium 3-(((2,6-dimethylphenyl)imino)methyl)-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonate (L2) and sodium 3-(((2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino)methyl)-4-hydroxybenzenesulfonate (L3) with Pd(OAc)₂ afforded the resp. palladium(II) complexes [Pd(L1)₂] (PdL1), [Pd(L2)₂] (PdL2) and [Pd(L3)₂] (PdL3). In addition, treatment of the non-water soluble ligands 2-((phenylimino)methyl)phenol (L4), 2-(((2,6-dimethylphenyl)imino)methyl)phenol (L5) and 2-(((2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imino)methyl)phenol (L6) with Pd(OAc)₂ gave the corresponding complexes [Pd(L4)₂] (PdL4), [Pd(L5)₂] (PdL5) and [Pd(L6)₂] (PdL6) in good yields. Solid state structures of complexes PdL1 and PdL4 established the formation of bis(chelated) square planar neutral compounds All the complexes formed active catalysts in the methoxycarbonylation of 1-hexene, affording yields of up to 92% within 20 h and regioselectivity of 73% in favor of linear esters. The catalytic activity and selectivity of the complexes depended on the steric encumbrance around the coordination center. The water soluble complexes displayed comparable catalytic behavior to the non-water soluble systems. The complexes could be recycled five times with minimal changes in both the catalytic activities and regio-selectivity. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Methyl heptanoate (cas: 106-73-0Application In Synthesis of Methyl heptanoate).

Methyl heptanoate (cas: 106-73-0) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Application In Synthesis of Methyl heptanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Advanced treatment of acrylic fiber manufacturing wastewater with a combined microbubble-ozonation/ultraviolet irradiation process was written by Zheng, Tianlong;Zhang, Tao;Wang, Qunhui;Tian, Yanli;Shi, Zhining;Smale, Nicholas;Xu, Banghua. And the article was included in RSC Advances in 2015.Recommanded Product: 18891-13-9 The following contents are mentioned in the article:

This work investigated the effectiveness of a combination of microbubble-ozonation and UV irradiation for the treatment of secondary wastewater effluent of a wet-spun acrylic fiber manufacturing plant. Under reactor condition (ozone dosage of 48 mg L^-1, UV fluence rate of 90 mW cm^-2, initial pH of 8.0, and reaction time of 120 min), the biodegradability (represented as BOD₅/COD_cr) of the wastewater improved from 0.18 to 0.47. This improvement in biodegradability is related to the degradation of alkanes, aromatic compounds, and other bio-refractory organic compounds The combination of microbubble-ozonation and UV irradiation synergistically improved treatment efficiencies by 228%, 29%, and 142% for COD_cr, UV₂₅₄ removal and BOD₅/COD_cr resp. after 120 min reaction time, as compared with the sum efficiency of microbubble-ozonation alone and UV irradiation alone. Hydroxyl radical production in the microbubble-ozonation/UV process was about 1.8 times higher than the sum production in microbubble-ozonation alone and UV irradiation alone. The ozone decomposition rate in the combined process was about 4.1 times higher than that in microbubble-ozonation alone. The microbubble-ozonation/UV process could be a promising technique for the treatment of bio-refractory organics in the acrylic fiber manufacturing industry. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Ethyl methyl adipate (cas: 18891-13-9Recommanded Product: 18891-13-9).

Ethyl methyl adipate (cas: 18891-13-9) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Recommanded Product: 18891-13-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Essential oils from Humulus lupulus as novel control agents against Varroa destructor was written by Iglesias, A.;Mitton, G.;Szawarski, N.;Cooley, H.;Ramos, F.;Meroi Arcerito, F.;Brasesco, C.;Ramirez, C.;Gende, L.;Eguaras, M.;Fanovich, A.;Maggi, M.. And the article was included in Industrial Crops and Products in 2020.Quality Control of Methyl heptanoate The following contents are mentioned in the article:

Humulus lupulus, commonly known as hops has widely been used in breweries globally, however, the acaricidal properties of H. lupulus derived products could also be a novel and interesting avenue of study against insect pests. We tested the antiparasitic activity of H. lupulus essential oils against the honeybee mite Varroa destructor, and its bioactivity against the honeybee Apis mellifera. The hop varieties used in this study were Cascade, Victoria, Spalt, and Mapuche. The essential oils were extracted from flowers by hydrodistillation and then characterized by CG-MS. We evaluated the toxicity of hop essential oils against mites, adult bees (A. mellifera) and larvae, and whether the oils were an attractant or repellent to mites. The major components of the oils for all varieties were β-myrcene, myrcene, beta-farnesene, alpha, and beta caryophyllene. Bioassays revealed that essential oils from all the varieties were toxic to the V. destructor mite. Victoria essential oil was the most toxic to V. destructor. The oils did not act as a repellent or attractant to the mites, and the bee (A. mellifera) mortality associated with complete exposure to the essential oil application was moderate to low. The results presented here provide promising results for the application of essential oils from hops grown in South America as an alternative method for controlling the honeybee mite Varroa destructor. This study involved multiple reactions and reactants, such as Methyl heptanoate (cas: 106-73-0Quality Control of Methyl heptanoate).

Methyl heptanoate (cas: 106-73-0) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Quality Control of Methyl heptanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics