Tag: 100-200

Deodorizing the king of fruits: Durian stalk deodorizes the aroma of durian was written by Tan, Ke Qi;Lim, Zhi Kheng;Fang, Esther Zi Hui;Pui, Carmen Sze Min;Lv, Yunbo;Zhang, Hua Jun;Chua, Chun Kiang. And the article was included in Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society (Weinheim, Germany) in 2021.Category: esters-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Durian fruit is well-known for its strong aroma due to the presence of esters and sulfur compounds Although the usage of durian husk as a deodorizing agent of durian aroma has been a known practice, there is a lack of scientific evidence. Here, we investigated the effect of using durian stalk extract to deodorize durian aroma. Static-headspace gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry technique is used to semi-quant. track the variation of 13 esters and sulfur compounds found in durian. Durian stalk extract reduced the amount of esters and sulfur compounds in headspace up to 45 and 55%, resp. NaCl, CaCl2, and Na2SO4 provided a similar effect on sulfur compounds In addition, lemon and ginger extracts were evaluated and the latter performed as well as durian stalk extract This study has implications for the application of durian husk as a biomass feedstock for the development of plant-based deodorizers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Naphthyridines. I. Synthesis of (2-amino-3-pyridyl)diphenylcarbinols and their cyclization to 4-phenyl-2,3-benzo-1,8-naphthyridines was written by Konshin, M. E.;Chesnokov, V. P.. And the article was included in Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii in 1973.Synthetic Route of C7H8N2O2 This article mentions the following:

Diphenylcarbinols (I; R = H, Cl, Br) were prepared in 63-70% yield by a Grignard reaction of PhMgBr with the appropriate Me 2-aminonicotinate. Heating I 2 hr in PhNO2 at 210-15° gave �0% yield of benzonaphthyridines (II; R = H, Cl). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-aminonicotinate (cas: 14667-47-1Synthetic Route of C7H8N2O2).

Methyl 2-aminonicotinate (cas: 14667-47-1) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Synthetic Route of C7H8N2O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Study on volatile aroma compounds in donkey broths of different stewing time was written by Wang, Shuqi;Liu, Haoyue;Xie, Tian;Zhang, Ning;Sun, Jie;Chen, Haitao;Sun, Baoguo. And the article was included in Flavour and Fragrance Journal in 2022.Category: esters-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Donkey broth has a unique aroma and is affected by cooking time. Five donkey broth samples of different stewing time were prepared The volatile components were extracted by solvent-assisted flavor evaporation (SAFE) and analyzed by gas chromatog.-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). According to the result, a total of 45 volatile aroma compounds were identified in five donkey broths (stewing time of 0 min, 1, 2, 3 and 4 h resp.). In terms of gas chromatog.-olfactometry (GC-O) anal., aroma extraction dilution anal. (AEDA) and calculating odor activity values (OAVs), resp. 26 and 15 aroma active compounds were pointed out significantly in five donkey broths. Twelve odorants including 2-Me pentanal, 3-hydroxyl-2-butanone, hexanal, di-Me trisulfide, nonanal, 3-(Methylthio)propanal, 2-ethyl-1-hexanol, benzaldehyde, 4-methoxyallylbenzene, (E,E)-2,4-nonadienal, delta-hexalactone and octanoic acid were characterized as the common aroma active compounds existed in donkey broths with different stewing time. Principal component anal. (PCA) and sensory evaluation results characterized the difference of aroma profiles for the five different donkey broths, which showed that the duration of the stewing time had an important effect on the general flavor of donkey broth. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Stability of low density lipoprotein particles affect the formation of off-flavor in thermal egg yolk was written by Ren, Liuyang;Ma, Jie;Xu, Weili;Lv, Ying;Tong, Qigen. And the article was included in Food Research International in 2022.Safety of Methyl2-methylbutyrate This article mentions the following:

This study aimed to investigate the role of stability of low d. lipoprotein (LDL) spherical particles as well as oxidation of lipids and proteins on formation of off-odor in heated egg yolk (EY). Off-odor attributes and volatile components of EY with different thermal temperature (25°C-90°C) were investigated by sensory evaluation, gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and GC-ion mobility spectrometry (IMS). The off-flavor and volatile compounds increased significantly when EY were heated at 60°C-65°C. Destruction of LDL particle structure was presented by confocal laser scanning microscopy with thermal treatment at 60°C. A pos. correlation (r = 0.899, p < 0.05) was shown between oil exudation and off-odor of heated EY. Moreover, oxidation of lipids and proteins, protein aggregation, and changes of protein secondary structure (increased β-sheets and decreased α-helixes) in LDL particles were all found when heating temperature rose to 65°C. It was speculated that unstability of LDL particles resulted in the leakage of lipids; then oxidative products of lipids took part in the formation of off-odor volatiles in heated EY. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5Safety of Methyl2-methylbutyrate).

Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Safety of Methyl2-methylbutyrate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Stereoselective Synthesis of Z-Vinylsilanes via Palladium-Catalyzed Direct Intermolecular Silylation of C(sp²)-H Bonds was written by Pan, Jin-Long;Chen, Chao;Ma, Zhi-Gang;Zhou, Jia;Wang, Li-Ren;Zhang, Shu-Yu. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2017.HPLC of Formula: 587-88-2 This article mentions the following:

An efficient and convenient Pd-catalyzed direct intermol. silylation of C(sp²)-H bonds by using disilanes as the Si source with the assistance of a readily removable bidentate directing group is reported. This strategy provided a regio- and stereoselective protocol for exclusive synthesis of Z-vinylsilanes with reasonable to excellent yields and good functional group compatibility. Silylation of the isolated palladacycle intermediate revealed the Z-stereoselective pathway. Also, the practicality and effectiveness of this method were illustrated by a gram-scale experiment and further functionalization of the silylation product. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate (cas: 587-88-2HPLC of Formula: 587-88-2).

Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate (cas: 587-88-2) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. HPLC of Formula: 587-88-2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Characterization and comparison of predominant aroma compounds in microwave-treated wheat germ and evaluation of microwave radiation on stability was written by Zhang, Yukun;Tang, Ning;Shi, Lin;Miao, Yuxin;Liu, Xu;Ge, Xinhui;Cheng, Yongqiang;Zhang, Xiuqing. And the article was included in Journal of Cereal Science in 2020.Electric Literature of C6H10O2 This article mentions the following:

The present study was performed to evaluate the effects of microwave (MW) output power and treatment time on moisture content, lipase and lipoxygenase activities as well as color changes of wheat germ (WG). In addition, the key aroma compounds in different MW-power-treated WG, which is of importance to the flavor of WG products, were also investigated. The obtained results showed that MW treatment maintained the inherent color of WG and significantly reduced the moisture content (maximum reduction of 95%) and the activities of lipase and lipoxygenase (maximum reduction of 65% and 99%, resp.). In terms of aroma compounds, with the increase of the MW output power, the content of esters, alkanes, alcs. and acids decreased, while the content of heterocyclic compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds, aldehydes and ketones increased, providing more compounds with roasted flavor and less volatiles with grass-like flavor. Therefore, MW treatment was an effective stabilization method for WG utilization. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7Electric Literature of C6H10O2).

5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Electric Literature of C6H10O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Deciphering Structure-Activity Relationships in a Series of 2,2-Dimethylchromans Acting as Inhibitors of Insulin Release and Smooth Muscle Relaxants was written by Pirotte, Bernard;Florence, Xavier;Goffin, Eric;Lebrun, Philippe. And the article was included in ChemMedChem in 2017.HPLC of Formula: 16413-26-6 This article mentions the following:

4,6-Disubstituted 2,2-dimethylchromans are reported as pharmacol. active compounds that mainly target the ATP-sensitive potassium channels. The present study is an attempt to characterize the impact of the nature of substituents introduced at the 4- and 6-positions of 2,2-dimethylchromans on their capacities to inhibit insulin release from pancreatic β-cells or to relax vascular smooth muscle cells, both biol. responses that are supposed to reflect interaction with specific ion channels. From the core structure 4-amino-2,2-dimethylchroman, a progressive increase in the steric hindrance of the chem. functionalities introduced at the 4-position (amino, formamido, acetamido, arylureido/thioureido) and at the 6-position (amino, formamido, acetamido, alkoxycarbonylamino) led to a progressive magnification of the inhibitory effect on the insulin release process and, to a lesser extent, of the vasorelaxant activity. Moreover, the dextrorotatory enantiomer of 2,2-dimethylchroman compound 29 was more potent than its levorotatory counterpart for inhibiting the insulin secretory process. Addnl. pharmacol. investigations suggested, however, that the myorelaxant activity of 11 and 15 resulted from a direct Ca²⁺ entry blockade. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Cyanophenylisocyanate (cas: 16413-26-6HPLC of Formula: 16413-26-6).

3-Cyanophenylisocyanate (cas: 16413-26-6) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.HPLC of Formula: 16413-26-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Discovery of a Potent Thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-dione-Based Protoporphyrinogen IX Oxidase Inhibitor through an In Silico Structure-Guided Optimization Approach was written by Wang, Da-Wei;Zhang, Hang;Yu, Shu-Yi;Zhang, Rui-Bo;Liang, Lu;Wang, Xia;Yang, Huang-Ze;Xi, Zhen. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2021.Recommanded Product: Methyl 2-aminonicotinate This article mentions the following:

A key objective for herbicide research is to develop new compounds with improved bioactivity. Protoporphyrinogen IX oxidase (PPO) is an essential target for herbicide discovery. Here, we report using an in silico structure-guided optimization approach of our previous lead compound I and designed and synthesized a new series of compounds Systematic bioassays led to the discovery of a highly potent compound II, 1-methyl-3-(2,2,7-trifluoro-3-oxo-4-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]oxazin-6-yl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4(1H,3H)-dione, which exhibited an excellent and wide spectrum of weed control at the rates of 30-75 g ai/ha by the postemergence application and is relatively safe on maize at 75 g ai/ha. Addnl., the K_i value of II to Nicotiana tabacum PPO (NtPPO) was found to be 2.5 nM, showing 3-, 12-, and 18-fold higher potency relative to compound 1 (K_i = 7.4 nM), trifludimoxazin (K_i = 31 nM), and flumioxazin (K_i = 46 nM), resp. Furthermore, mol. simulations further suggested that the thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine-2,4-dione moiety of 6g could form a more favorable π-π stacking interaction with the Phe392 of NtPPO than the heterocyclic moiety of compound I. This study provides an effective strategy to obtain enzyme inhibitors with improved performance through mol. simulation and structure-guided optimization. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-aminonicotinate (cas: 14667-47-1Recommanded Product: Methyl 2-aminonicotinate).

Methyl 2-aminonicotinate (cas: 14667-47-1) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Recommanded Product: Methyl 2-aminonicotinate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

New 2-Aryloxy-3-phenyl-propanoic Acids As Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors α/γ Dual Agonists with Improved Potency and Reduced Adverse Effects on Skeletal Muscle Function was written by Fracchiolla, Giuseppe;Laghezza, Antonio;Piemontese, Luca;Tortorella, Paolo;Mazza, Fernando;Montanari, Roberta;Pochetti, Giorgio;Lavecchia, Antonio;Novellino, Ettore;Pierno, Sabata;Conte Camerino, Diana;Loiodice, Fulvio. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 2009.Name: Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate This article mentions the following:

The preparation of a new series of 2-aryloxy-3-phenyl-propanoic acids, resulting from the introduction of a linker into the di-Ph system of the previously reported PPARα/γ dual agonist 1, allowed the identification of new ligands with improved potency on PPARα and unchanged activity on PPARγ. For the most interesting stereoisomers I [X = CH₂, CH₂CH₂], X-ray studies in PPARγ and docking experiments in PPARα provided a mol. explanation for their different behavior as full and partial agonists of PPARα and PPARγ, resp. Due to the adverse effects provoked by hypolipidemic drugs on skeletal muscle function, we also investigated the blocking activity of I on skeletal muscle membrane chloride channel conductance and found that these ligands have a pharmacol. profile more beneficial compared to fibrates currently used in therapy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate (cas: 15399-05-0Name: Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate).

Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate (cas: 15399-05-0) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Name: Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Donor-Acceptor Complex Enables Alkoxyl Radical Generation for Metal-Free C(sp³)-C(sp³) Cleavage and Allylation/Alkenylation was written by Zhang, Jing;Li, Yang;Xu, Ruoyu;Chen, Yiyun. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2017.Synthetic Route of C7H8O2S This article mentions the following:

The alkoxyl radical is an essential and prevalent reactive intermediate for chem. and biol. studies. Here we report the first donor-acceptor complex-enabled alkoxyl radical generation under metal-free reaction conditions induced by visible light. Hantzsch ester forms the key donor-acceptor complex with N-alkoxyl derivatives, which is elucidated by a series of spectrometry and mechanistic experiments Selective C(sp³)-C(sp³) bond cleavage and allylation/alkenylation is demonstrated for the first time using this photocatalyst-free approach with linear primary, secondary, and tertiary alkoxyl radicals. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9Synthetic Route of C7H8O2S).

Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Synthetic Route of C7H8O2S

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics