Tag: 100-200

Interaction of Gold Acetylides with Gold(I) or Silver(I) Cations was written by Jasikova, Lucie;Roithova, Jana. And the article was included in Organometallics in 2013.Application of 17920-23-9 This article mentions the following:

Structures and properties of complexes between (trimethylphosphino)gold acetylides and another (trimethylphosphino)gold cation were studied in the light of the possible dual activation reaction mode in Au catalysis. Ag salts are often used as cocatalysts in Au catalysis; therefore, also mixed complexes of acetylides with (trimethylphosphino)Au(I) and Ag(I) cations were studied. Energy-resolved collision-induced dissociation experiments, ion spectroscopy, and d. functional theory calculations show that the Au and Ag cations preferentially coordinate to the Au acetylides rather than to neutral C椤氬挵 triple bonds in diyne-type substrates. The effect of the binding of two metal cations to acetylides with respect to nucleophilic additions is discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9Application of 17920-23-9).

Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Application of 17920-23-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Valorisation of Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile L.) herb by comprehensive evaluation of hydrodistilled aroma and residual non-volatile fractions was written by Baranauskiene, Renata;Venskutonis, Petras Rimantas;Ragazinskiene, Ona. And the article was included in Food Research International in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 659-70-1 This article mentions the following:

Valorization of botanicals for the development of natural food-grade ingredients is an important task in terms of sustainability and processing waste reduction In this study, Roman chamomile (Chamaemelum nobile L.) herb was collected at six different vegetation phases in the period 26 May – 23 August 2019 and subjected to biorefining into the several valuable fractions. The yield of hydro-distilled essential oil (EO) was in the range of 0.22% (intensive vegetative growth) to 0.80% (full flowering). Angelic, isobutyric, butyric and methacrylic acid esters and some monoterpene and sesquiterpene derivatives were the major EO constituents: 3-methylpentyl angelate (20.11-27.56%), methallyl angelate (7.28-10.33%), isoamyl angelate (5.57-9.02%), iso-Bu angelate (4.84-6.79%), 2-methylbutyl angelate (3.11-6.32%), 3-methylamyl methacrylate (5.04-6.17%), 3-methylpentyl isobutyrate (4.29-6.64%), 3-methylamyl isobutyrate (4.29-6.64%), 浼?pinene (1.61-6.37%) and pinocarvone (1.46-4.67%). In order to valorize water soluble and solid EO distillation residues their antioxidant potential was evaluated by several in vitro assays: water extracts were considerably stronger antioxidants than acetone extracts isolated from the solid residues. Water extracts of the plants collected at flowering phases were the strongest antioxidants; their TPC, FRAP and ORAC values were up to 143.2 mg gallic acid equivalent/g, 650, and 5601 娓璵ol TE/g dry extract, resp., while effective concentrations (EC50) of DPPH閳?and ABTS閳? scavenging, were down to 0.59 and 0.49 mg/mL, resp. Among 7 tentatively identified by UPLC/Q-TOF/MS phenolic constituents the intensity of mol. ion of 3,5-dicaffeoyl quinic acid was the largest. The results obtained may assist for developing flavorings, antioxidants and health beneficial preparations from C. nobile extracts In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1HPLC of Formula: 659-70-1).

Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is 绾?valerolactone.HPLC of Formula: 659-70-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

AlCl₃-promoted [3 + 2] annulation of cis-2,3-disubstituted cyclopropane 1,1-diesters with isothiocyanates: stereoselective synthesis of densely substituted 2-iminodihydrothiophenes was written by Sun, Yongxian;Yang, Gaosheng;Chai, Zhuo;Mu, Xiaolong;Chai, Jun. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2013.Related Products of 2740-88-7 This article mentions the following:

Cis-2,3-Disubstituted cyclopropane 1,1-diesters were found to be much more reactive than their corresponding trans-isomers in the AlCl₃-promoted [3 + 2]-annulations with isothiocyanates. The reaction with the cis-cyclopropanes proceeded to completion within minutes, providing a variety of densely substituted diastereomerically pure 2-iminodihydrothiophenes in moderate to excellent yields. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Fluorobenzylisothiocyanate (cas: 2740-88-7Related Products of 2740-88-7).

4-Fluorobenzylisothiocyanate (cas: 2740-88-7) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120鎺?C閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 and O閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C閳ユ彊閳ユ弲 bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Related Products of 2740-88-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Selective electrolytic fluorinations in 70% HF/30% pyridine was written by Lee, Sarah M.;Roseman, Jamie M.;Zartman, C. Blair;Morrison, Eamonn P.;Harrison, Sean J.;Stankiewicz, Corrie A.;Middleton, W. J.. And the article was included in Journal of Fluorine Chemistry in 1996.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate This article mentions the following:

The selective fluorination of compounds containing benzylic hydrogen atoms was accomplished by electrolysis in a mixture of 70% HF and 30% pyridine (Olah’s reagent) using a square wave a.c. (1.76-2.75 V, 0.02-0.05 Hz) and Pt electrodes. This method can be used in the laboratory to prepare conveniently gram-size quantities of monofluorinated products. An ion radical mechanism is proposed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate (cas: 587-88-2Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate).

Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate (cas: 587-88-2) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Absolute configuration of in situ crystallized (+)-绾?decalactone was written by Patzer, Michael;Noethling, Nils;Goddard, Richard;Lehmann, Christian W.. And the article was included in Chemistry (Basel, Switzerland) in 2021.Application In Synthesis of 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one This article mentions the following:

Knowledge about the absolute configuration of small bioactive organic mols. is essential in pharmaceutical research because enantiomers can exhibit considerably different effects on living organisms. X-ray crystallog. enables chemists to determine the absolute configuration of an enantiopure compound due to anomalous dispersion. Here, we present the determination of the absolute configuration of the flavoring agent (+)-绾?decalactone, which is liquid under ambient conditions. Single crystals were grown from the liquid in a glass capillary by in situ cryo-crystallization Diffraction data collection was performed using Cu-K浼?radiation. The absolute configuration was confirmed. The mol. consists of a linear aliphatic non-polar backbone and a polar lactone head. In the solid state, layers of polar and non-polar sections of the mol. alternating along the c-axis of the unit cell are observed In favorable cases, this method of absolute configuration determination of pure liquid (bioactive) agents or liquid products from asym. catalysis is a convenient alternative to conventional methods of absolute structure determination, such as ORD, vibrational CD, UV-visible spectroscopy, use of chiral shift reagents in proton NMR and Coulomb explosion imaging. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9Application In Synthesis of 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one).

5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Application In Synthesis of 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Effect of microwave and hot air treatment on enzyme activity, oil fraction quality and antioxidant activity of wheat germ was written by Meriles, Silvina Patricia;Penci, Maria Cecilia;Curet, Sebastien;Boillereaux, Lionel;Ribotta, Pablo Daniel. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Recommanded Product: 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one This article mentions the following:

The aim of this work was to study the effects of microwaves (MW) and hot air (HA) treatments on enzyme activities and quality parameters in wheat germ (WG). Both MW and HA were effective at inactivating lipases. MW treatment inactivated lipases more at lower temperatures (60 and 70鎺矯) than HA (150-200鎺矯). Peroxide values, acidity, and fatty acid profiles of WG oil remained unaltered after HA and MW treatments. Loss of 浼?tocopherol contents was observed following HA treatment, but total tocopherol content remained above 77% baselines values in all treated samples. The main antioxidant mechanism of WG extracts was associated with inactivation of radicals, rather than reducing capacity. MW treatment at 60 and 70鎺矯 enhanced radical scavenging activity, while total polyphenol contents and reducing capacities were neg. affected. Therefore, MW treatment is a promising technol. to stabilize WG, retaining quality and antioxidant activity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7Recommanded Product: 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one).

5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Recommanded Product: 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Analysis of characteristic volatile flavor components of preserved Lao-Xiang-Huang of Chaozhou was written by Lin, Liang-jing;Cai, Hui-tian;Bao, Han;Huang, Xue-ying;Chen, Xi;Gao, Xiang-yang. And the article was included in Xiandai Shipin Keji in 2021.Synthetic Route of C6H12O2 This article mentions the following:

In this study, the volatile flavor components of different brands of preserved Lao-Xiang-Huang from the Chaoshan area were analyzed based on gas chromatog.-ion mobility spectrometry GC-IMS. A total of 9 types and 70 species were detected, including 8 esters (6%閳?2%), 14 aldehydes (10%閳?4%), 12 alcs. (13%閳?7%), 3 ketones (3%閳?%), 23 terpenoids (49%閳?2%), 6 acids (1%閳?%), 3 furans (2%閳?%), 1 thiazole (0.4%閳?.5%) and 1 pyrazine (0.6%閳?.6%). Through the calculation and anal. of relative activity value (ROAV), the key volatile flavor contributors of (ROAV>1) were obtained, including geraniol, citronellol, linalool, 1,8-cineole-M, 1,8-cineole-D, myrcene-M, methional, 3-methylbutanal, 3-methylbutanol, propanal, Me 2-methylbutanoate, 1-phenylethanol and nonanal. Among them, methional contributed the most to the flavor of the preserved Lao-Xiang-Huang. Principal component anal. (PCA) can effectively distinguish the samples of different brands. Partial least squares discriminant anal. (PLS-DA) combined with one-way ANOVA was used to screen 15 marker volatile compounds (VIP>1). GC-IMS can distinguish different brands of preserved Lao-Xiang-Huang, and allow rapid anal. of the differences in volatile compounds, thereby providing a reference for qual. and quant. research on the characteristic flavor components of preserved Lao-Xiang-Huang. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5Synthetic Route of C6H12O2).

Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Synthetic Route of C6H12O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Diffusion modeling of percutaneous absorption kinetics. Predicting urinary excretion from in vitro skin permeation tests (IVPT) for an infinite dose was written by Liu, Xin;Yousef, Shereen;Anissimov, Yuri G.;van der Hoek, John;Tsakalozou, Eleftheria;Ni, Zhanglin;Grice, Jeffrey E.;Roberts, Michael S.. And the article was included in European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics in 2020.HPLC of Formula: 118-61-6 This article mentions the following:

In this work, we developed a number of generalised skin diffusion based pharmacokinetic models to relate published in vivo urinary excretion data to matching exptl. generated in vitro human skin permeation test (IVPT) data for a series of topically applied salicylate esters. A simplified linear in vivo model was found to inadequately describe the time course of urinary excretion over the entire sampling period. We represented the skin barrier as both a one layer (stratum corneum) and a two-layer (stratum corneum with viable epidermis) diffusion model and convoluted their Laplace solutions with that for a single exponential disposition phase to describe the urinary excretion profiles in the Laplace domain. We also derived asymptotic approximations for the model and estimated the conditions under which they could be used. We then sought to develop in vitro – in vivo relationships (IVIVR) for topically applied Me, Et and glycol salicylates using our exptl. IVPT data and the literature urinary excretion data. Good linear IVIVRs for Et and glycol salicylates were obtained, but the IVIVR for Me salicylate was poor, perhaps because of topical stimulation of local skin blood flow by Me salicylate. The ratio of the hydrated to dehydrated skin permeation for all salicylate esters was the same in both the IVPT and in vivo studies. A diffusion based one compartment pharmacokinetic model was also developed to describe the urinary excretion of solutes after removal of topical products and to compare the Me salicylate skin permeation for five different body sites. The work presented here is consistent with the development of skin IVIVRs, but suggests that different skin conditions, application sites and local skin effects may affect model predictions. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6HPLC of Formula: 118-61-6).

Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.HPLC of Formula: 118-61-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Improved synthesis of thiophene-2-acetic acid was written by Zhou, Jianmin;Tan, Liquan;Yu, Mei;Lin, Rihui;Huang, Min. And the article was included in Jingxi Shiyou Huagong in 2012.Formula: C7H8O2S This article mentions the following:

Influence of different catalysts on acylation reaction of thiophene using thiophene and acetic anhydride as starting materials was reported. With 2-acetyl thiophene (I) as model substrate, effects of solvents and phase-transfer catalysts on oxidation rearrangement of the intermediate were studied. The oxidation rearrangement product 2-thienyl acetate (II) was formed using H₃PW₁₂O₄₀/SiO₂ and PEG-400 as the co-catalysts in chloroform. II was hydrolyzed to 2-thiophene acetic acid (III) with the yield of 66.8% after recrystallization The structure of III was confirmed by ¹H NMR and IR. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9Formula: C7H8O2S).

Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Formula: C7H8O2S

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Addition of essential oil from lemongrass to the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) diet: Effects on growth, intestinal enzymes, haematological and metabolic variables, and antimicrobial challenge was written by Copatti, Carlos E.;Felix e Silva, Altiery;Lorenzo, Vitor P.;da Costa, Mateus M.;Melo, Jose F. B.. And the article was included in Aquaculture Research in 2022.Synthetic Route of C12H20O2 This article mentions the following:

This study evaluated the effect of dietary addition of essential oil from lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) (EOCC) on growth, intestinal enzymes, biochem. and haematol. variables, and survival after Aeromonas hydrophila infection in tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) juveniles. Five diets with different levels of EOCC-0.0 (control), 0.25, 0.50, 1.00 and 1.50 mL kg diet^-1-were evaluated for 60 days, followed by 15 days of bacterial infection. The major chem. compound of EOCC was 浼?citral (73.55%). There were no differences in fish survival. Supplementation of 0.25 or 0.50 mL EOCC kg diet^-1 increased weight gain (p = 0.034). In general, haematol. variables were increased in the treatment 0.25 mL EOCC kg diet^-1 (p < 0.05). As the EOCC concentration in the diet increased, plasma glucose, albumin, total cholesterol levels and hepatic somatic index were decreased, and plasma total proteins and muscle glycogen levels were increased (p < 0.05). In tambaqui fed 0.50 mL EOCC kg diet^-1, there were increased hepatic glycogen levels (p < 0.016) and intestinal alk. protease activity (p = 0.049). In conclusion, up to 0.50 mL EOCC kg diet^-1 could improve growth performance, haematol. variables, muscle glycogen levels and intestinal alk. protease activity in tambaqui but did not affect fish survival after A. hydrophila infection. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3Synthetic Route of C12H20O2).

(E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Synthetic Route of C12H20O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics