Tag: 0-100

In 2019,European Journal of Organic Chemistry included an article by Baron, Marco; Biffis, Andrea. Electric Literature of C5H6O2. The article was titled 《Gold(I) Complexes in Ionic Liquids: An Efficient Catalytic System for the C-H Functionalization of Arenes and Heteroarenes under Mild Conditions》. The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Use of ionic liquids bearing the proper counteranion as reaction solvents allows to boost the reactivity of gold(I) complexes as catalysts in the hydroarylation of alkynes with arenes and heteroarenes. Several com. complexes of general structure LAuX have been tested as catalysts, with L=1,3-bis(2,6-diisopropylphenyl)imidazol-2-ylidene standing out as the one delivering the best performance. Beside high activity, enabling the use of <1 mol-% catalyst under mild conditions (low temperature, no need for an acid cocatalyst), gold-based catalytic systems in ionic liquids also exhibit tunable chemo- and regioselectivity in these reactions and turn out to be recyclable, which renders them quite attractive for synthetic applications. In the part of experimental materials, we found many familiar compounds, such as Ethyl propiolate(cas: 623-47-2Electric Literature of C5H6O2)

Ethyl propiolate(cas: 623-47-2) is a clear colorless to pale yellow liquid that is soluble in ethanol, ether and chloroform. It an important organic chemical raw material and pharmaceutical intermediate. Ethyl propargylate is obtained by oxidation of propargyl alcohol to propargylic acid followed by esterification.Electric Literature of C5H6O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhang, Qing; Han, Bing; Zou, Yucheng; Shen, Shaocheng; Li, Menghao; Lu, Xinzhen; Wang, Man; Guo, Zaiping; Yao, Jianquan; Chang, Zhi; Gu, Meng published their research in Advanced Materials (Weinheim, Germany) in 2021. The article was titled 《Enabling Atomic-Scale Imaging of Sensitive Potassium Metal and Related Solid Electrolyte Interphases Using Ultralow-Dose Cryo-TEM》.SDS of cas: 872-36-6 The article contains the following contents:

Potassium-based solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs) have a much smaller damage threshold than their lithium counterpart; thus, they are significantly more beam sensitive. Here, an ultralow-dose cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) technique (∼8 e S-2 s-1 x 10 s), which enables the at.-scale chem. imaging of the electron-beam-sensitive potassium metal and SEI in its native state, is adapted. The potassium-based SEI consists of large brackets of diverse inorganic phases (≈hundreds of nanometers) interspersed with amorphous phases, which are different from the tiny nanocrystalline inorganic phases (∼a few nanometers) formed in a lithium-based SEI. Organic phosphate-based electrolyte solvents induce the formation of a thin and stable SEI layer for enhanced cycling performance, while the carbonate ester-based electrolytes result in large quantities of metastable KHCO3, and K4CO4 products in the SEI, depleting the potassium reserves in the battery. The findings provide deep insights and guidance in the selection of optimum electrolytes that should be used for potassium batteries. In the experimental materials used by the author, we found Vinylene carbonate(cas: 872-36-6SDS of cas: 872-36-6)

Vinylene carbonate(cas: 872-36-6) belongs to esters. Alkyl carbonates find applications as solvents for lithium ion battery electrolytes and the use of high quality battery grade electrolytes having extremely low water (<10 ppm) and acid (<10 ppm) contents are critical for achieving high electrochemical performance.SDS of cas: 872-36-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Microstructural observations of “”Single Crystal”” positive electrode materials before and after long term cycling by cross-section scanning electron microscopy》 was written by Liu, Yulong; Harlow, Jessie; Dahn, Jeff. Application In Synthesis of Vinylene carbonate And the article was included in Journal of the Electrochemical Society in 2020. The article conveys some information:

Single crystal LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 (SC532), LiNi0.6Mn0.2Co0.2O2 (SC622) and LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (SC811) electrodes were retrieved from heavily cycled com.-grade pouch cells at 4.3 V for cross-section SEM (SEM). SEM images indicated the single crystals showed very little microcracking, thought by many researchers to be one of the main reasons for cell degradation when polycrystalline materials are used. SEM images of electrodes from heavily cycled cells were compared to those from fresh cells which showed little visual difference. Parallel microcracks within very few single crystal particles were observed for both fresh and heavily cycled materials and are thought to be caused during the electrode calendaring process. It is believed by the authors that single crystal materials are highly promising pos. electrode materials for high energy d. and long cycle life lithium-ion cells. In the experiment, the researchers used Vinylene carbonate(cas: 872-36-6Application In Synthesis of Vinylene carbonate)

Vinylene carbonate(cas: 872-36-6) belongs to esters. Alkyl carbonates find applications as solvents for lithium ion battery electrolytes and the use of high quality battery grade electrolytes having extremely low water (<10 ppm) and acid (<10 ppm) contents are critical for achieving high electrochemical performance.Application In Synthesis of Vinylene carbonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Regio- and Stereoselective Synthesis of 1,1-Diborylalkenes via Bronsted Base-Catalyzed Mixed Diboration of Alkynyl Esters and Amides with BpinBdan》 was published in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2020. These research results belong to Liu, Xiaocui; Ming, Wenbo; Luo, Xiaoling; Friedrich, Alexandra; Maier, Jan; Radius, Udo; Santos, Webster L.; Marder, Todd B.. Safety of Ethyl propiolate The article mentions the following:

The NaOtBu-catalyzed mixed 1,1-diboration of terminal alkynes using the unsym. diboron reagent BpinBdan (pin = pinacolato; dan = 1,8-diaminonaphthalene) proceeds in a regio- and stereoselective fashion affording moderate to high yields of 1,1-diborylalkenes bearing orthogonal boron protecting groups. It is applicable to gram-scale synthesis without loss of yield or selectivity. The mixed 1,1-diborylalkene products can be utilized in Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions which take place selectively at the C-B site. DFT calculations suggest the NaOtBu-catalyzed mixed 1,1-diboration of alkynes occurs through deprotonation of the terminal alkyne, stepwise addition of BpinBdan to the terminal carbon followed by protonation with tBuOH. Exptl. observed selective formation of (Z)-diborylalkenes is supported by our theor. studies. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl propiolate(cas: 623-47-2Safety of Ethyl propiolate)

Ethyl propiolate(cas: 623-47-2) is a clear colorless to pale yellow liquid that is soluble in ethanol, ether and chloroform. It an important organic chemical raw material and pharmaceutical intermediate. Ethyl propargylate is obtained by oxidation of propargyl alcohol to propargylic acid followed by esterification.Safety of Ethyl propiolate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《A study of vinylene carbonate and prop-1-ene-1,3 sultone electrolyte additives using polycrystalline Li[Ni0.6Mn0.2Co0.2]O2 in positive/positive symmetric cells》 was written by Liu, Yulong; Hamam, Ines; Dahn, J. R.. Recommanded Product: Vinylene carbonateThis research focused onvinylene carbonate lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxygen sym cell. The article conveys some information:

Vinylene carbonate (VC) and prop-1-ene-1,3 sultone (PES) have been reported to have beneficial effects on both neg. and pos. electrodes of Li-ion cells. To simplify evaluation of these two additives with Li[Ni0.6Mn0.2Co0.2]O2 (NMC622), pos./ pos. sym. cells were used to exclude the influence from any neg. electrode. The compatibility of electrolytes containing 2%VC or 2%PES with NMC622 in 1M LiPF6 EC:DEC (volume/volume 1:2) electrolyte was evaluated by multiple voltage hold periods at 55°C to accelerate the capacity fade. EIS spectra showed 2%PES is superior for impedance control compared to 2%VC. dV/dQ vs V fitting results showed that active mass loss is worse at high voltage than low voltage regardless of electrolyte used. Cross-sectional SEM images showed more microcracking of NMC622 particles at high voltage than at low voltage, which was more severe at the end of testing than at the beginning of testing. Sym. cell storage at 0 V (ca. 3.8 V vs Li/Li+) and 0°C showed a significant increase in cell impedance for cells stored after the end of testing and a moderate impedance increase for cells stored at the beginning of testing suggesting the accumulation of deleterious reaction products in the cells during testing. In addition to this study using Vinylene carbonate, there are many other studies that have used Vinylene carbonate(cas: 872-36-6Recommanded Product: Vinylene carbonate) was used in this study.

Vinylene carbonate(cas: 872-36-6) belongs to esters. Alkyl carbonates find applications as solvents for lithium ion battery electrolytes and the use of high quality battery grade electrolytes having extremely low water (<10 ppm) and acid (<10 ppm) contents are critical for achieving high electrochemical performance.Recommanded Product: Vinylene carbonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Recommanded Product: 872-36-6In 2021 ,《High Energy Density and Stable Three-Dimensionally Structured Se-Loaded Bicontinuous Porous Carbon Battery Electrodes》 was published in Energy Technology (Weinheim, Germany). The article was written by Wang, Junjie; Qu, Subing; Zhang, Runyu; Yang, Ke; Zhang, Shiyan; Nuzzo, Ralph G.; Nanda, Jagjit; Braun, Paul V.. The article contains the following contents:

3D-structured Se-loaded bicontinuous porous carbon (BPC) electrodes are fabricated through colloidal templating of BPC followed by pulsed-voltage Se electrodeposition. The resultant electrodes are found to deliver a specific capacity of 665 mAh g-1 at a rate of 0.1 C, near the theor. value for Se. When a vinylene carbonate (VC) containing electrolyte is utilized, the capacity fade over 500 cycles at 1 C rate is as small as a few percent. Impedance measurements and phys. characterization of cycled electrodes indicate the exceptionally stable cycling performance is possibly due to VC resulting in the formation of a stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) during cycling. Along with the cycling stability, the rate performance of the 3D Se/BPC electrodes is also good. Due to the bicontinuous structure of carbonaceous current collector at rates as high as 5 C, the deliverable capacity is about 300 mAh g-1. In the experiment, the researchers used Vinylene carbonate(cas: 872-36-6Recommanded Product: 872-36-6)

Vinylene carbonate(cas: 872-36-6) belongs to esters. Alkyl carbonates find applications as solvents for lithium ion battery electrolytes and the use of high quality battery grade electrolytes having extremely low water (<10 ppm) and acid (<10 ppm) contents are critical for achieving high electrochemical performance.Recommanded Product: 872-36-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhao, Zijian; Gehrlein, Lydia; Bothe, Annika; Maibach, Julia; Balducci, Andrea; Dsoke, Sonia published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Impact of 3-Cyanopropionic Acid Methyl Ester on the Electrochemical Performance of ZnMn2O4 as Negative Electrode for Li-Ion Batteries》, and you may find the article in Energy Technology (Weinheim, Germany).Category: esters-buliding-blocks The information in the text is summarized as follows:

Due to their high theor. capacity, transition metal oxide compounds are promising electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. However, one drawback is associated with relevant capacity fluctuations during cycling, widely observed in the literature. Such strong capacity variation can result in practical problems when pos. and neg. electrode materials have to be matched in a full cell. Herein, the study of ZnMn2O4 (ZMO) in a nonconventional electrolyte based on 3-cyanopropionic acid Me ester (CPAME) solvent and LiPF6 salt is reported for the first time. Although ZMO in LiPF6/CPAME electrolyte displays a dramatic capacity decay during the first cycles, it shows promising cycling ability and a suppressed capacity fluctuation when vinylene carbonate (VC) is used as an additive to the CPAME-based electrolyte. To understand the nature of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI), the electrochem. study is correlated to ex situ XPS. In the experiment, the researchers used Vinylene carbonate(cas: 872-36-6Category: esters-buliding-blocks)

Vinylene carbonate(cas: 872-36-6) belongs to esters. Alkyl carbonates find applications as solvents for lithium ion battery electrolytes and the use of high quality battery grade electrolytes having extremely low water (<10 ppm) and acid (<10 ppm) contents are critical for achieving high electrochemical performance.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Bin; Le Fevre, Lewis W.; Brookfield, Adam; McInnes, Eric J. L.; Dryfe, Robert A. W. published an article in 2021. The article was titled 《Resolution of Lithium Deposition versus Intercalation of Graphite Anodes in Lithium Ion Batteries: An In Situ Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Study》, and you may find the article in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition.SDS of cas: 872-36-6 The information in the text is summarized as follows:

In situ electrochem. ESR (EPR) spectroscopy is used to understand the mixed lithiation/deposition behavior on graphite anodes during the charging process. The conductivity, degree of lithiation, and the deposition process of the graphite are reflected by the EPR spectroscopic quality factor, the spin d., and the EPR spectral change, resp. Classical over-charging (normally associated with potentials ≤0 V vs. Li+/Li) are not required for Li metal deposition onto the graphite anode: Li deposition initiates at ca. +0.04 V (vs. Li+/Li) when the scan rate is lowered to 0.04 mV s-1. The inhibition of Li deposition by vinylene carbonate (VC) additive is highlighted by the EPR results during cycling, attributed to a more mech. flexible and polymeric SEI layer with higher ionic conductivity A safe cut-off potential limit of +0.05 V for the anode is suggested for high rate cycling, confirmed by the EPR response over prolonged cycling. In addition to this study using Vinylene carbonate, there are many other studies that have used Vinylene carbonate(cas: 872-36-6SDS of cas: 872-36-6) was used in this study.

Vinylene carbonate(cas: 872-36-6) belongs to esters. Alkyl carbonates find applications as solvents for lithium ion battery electrolytes and the use of high quality battery grade electrolytes having extremely low water (<10 ppm) and acid (<10 ppm) contents are critical for achieving high electrochemical performance.SDS of cas: 872-36-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The author of 《Highlighting the Importance of full-cell testing for high performance anode materials comprising Li alloying nanowires》 were Geaney, Hugh; Bree, Gerard; Stokes, Killian; McCarthy, Kieran; Kennedy, Tadhg; Ryan, Kevin M.. And the article was published in Journal of the Electrochemical Society in 2019. Quality Control of Vinylene carbonate The author mentioned the following in the article:

Here, the electrochem. performance of directly grown Ge nanowire anodes in full-cell Li-ion configurations (LiCoO cathodes) are examined The impacts of voltage window, anode/cathode balancing and anode preconditioning are assessed. The cells had a usable upper cutoff of 3.9 V, with a higher voltage cutoff of 4.2 V shown by SEM anal. to lead to Li plating on the anode surface. The rate performance of Ge NW anodes was shown to be boosted within full-cells compared to half-cells, meaning that existing studies may underestimate the rate performance of alloying mode anode materials if they are only based on half-cell studies. The capacity retention of the full-cells is lower compared to equivalent half-cells due to progressive consumption of cycleable Li. This phenomenon is demonstrated using a parallel anode and cathode delithiation approach that could be extended to other full-cell systems. The findings stress the importance of testing promising anode materials within full-cell configurations, to identify specific capacity fade mechanisms that are not relevant to half-cells and aid the development of higher energy d. storage systems. In addition to this study using Vinylene carbonate, there are many other studies that have used Vinylene carbonate(cas: 872-36-6Quality Control of Vinylene carbonate) was used in this study.

Vinylene carbonate(cas: 872-36-6) belongs to esters. Alkyl carbonates find applications as solvents for lithium ion battery electrolytes and the use of high quality battery grade electrolytes having extremely low water (<10 ppm) and acid (<10 ppm) contents are critical for achieving high electrochemical performance.Quality Control of Vinylene carbonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

《Exploring the Role of Vinylene Carbonate in the Passivation and Capacity Retention of Cu2Sb Thin Film Anodes》 was written by Kraynak, Leslie A.; Schneider, Jacob D.; Prieto, Amy L.. Reference of Vinylene carbonateThis research focused onvinylene carbonate copper antimonide anode passivation capacity retention; lithium ion battery electrode vinylene carbonate passivation capacity retention. The article conveys some information:

Electrolyte additives such as vinylene carbonate (VC) have been demonstrated to improve the capacity retention for many types of Li-ion battery electrodes, including intermetallic alloying anodes, but it is still unclear why VC extends the cycle lifetime of copper antimonide (Cu2Sb) anodes so dramatically. Here, we have studied how VC affects the solid electrolyte interface formed on Cu2Sb thin film anodes in fluorine-free electrolyte solutions in order to better understand which nonfluorinated species may play an important role in effective Cu2Sb passivation. Using differential capacity anal. and XPS, it was found that VC effectively passivates Cu2Sb and prevents Cu/Cu2Sb oxidation at high potentials. Carbonate species from the reduction of VC seem to play an important role in passivation, while inorganic species like LiClO4 from the F-free supporting electrolyte do not seem to be beneficial. In addition to this study using Vinylene carbonate, there are many other studies that have used Vinylene carbonate(cas: 872-36-6Reference of Vinylene carbonate) was used in this study.

Vinylene carbonate(cas: 872-36-6) belongs to esters. Alkyl carbonates find applications as solvents for lithium ion battery electrolytes and the use of high quality battery grade electrolytes having extremely low water (<10 ppm) and acid (<10 ppm) contents are critical for achieving high electrochemical performance.Reference of Vinylene carbonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics