Esters-buliding-blocks

Yamada, Shinji published the artcileConfined film structure and friction properties of triblock copolymer additives in oil-based lubrication, Recommanded Product: Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate, the main research area is polyolefin friction lubricant oil additive.

The friction properties of a dilute solution of block copolymer additives in poly-α-olefin (PAO) confined between mica surfaces were investigated using the surface forces apparatus Friction measurements were made for poly(11-acrylamidoundecanoic acid)-block-poly(alkyl methacrylate)-block-poly(11-acrylamidoundecanoic acid) with an alkyl chain length of C12 (A5L946A5) in the poly(alkyl methacrylate) blocks. The results were compared to those for a PAO solution of a similar triblock copolymer with an alkyl chain length of C18 (A5S992A5) examined in our previous work (Yamada et al., Langmuir 2015). The friction coefficient μ for A5L946A5/PAO was approx. 0.5, which was one or two orders of magnitude larger than that for A5S992A5/PAO (μ of 0.002-0.039). Detailed anal. of the dynamic thickness and contact geometry enabled us to investigate the difference in the friction reduction abilities of the two additives. A5L946A5 has a high affinity to PAO and the mols. have expanded conformation in PAO; extensive chain entanglement effect results in the formation of a thick and viscous lubricant layer, which gives rise to high friction. On the other hand, A5S992A5 has low affinity to PAO, and the shrunken A5S992A5 mols. adsorbed on the surfaces form a rigid slip plane at the interface, which gives rise to low friction. Our results provide insights into the oil/additive combinations used for low friction in oil-based lubrication.

Polymer Journal (Tokyo, Japan) published new progress about Friction. 142-90-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate, and the molecular formula is C16H30O2, Recommanded Product: Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Erck, Robert A. published the artcileInvestigations of Polymethacrylate Tribochemical Films Using X-Ray Spectroscopy and Optical Profilometry, Recommanded Product: Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate, the main research area is polymethacrylate tribochem film X ray spectroscopy optical profilometry.

This study investigates the elemental composition and surface morphol. of solid tribochem. films formed on steel surfaces. The reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) method was used to synthesize nine different metal-free polymers, which were blended into com. base oils. The polymers were either homopolymers of dodecyl methacrylate and ethylhexyl methacrylate or were co-polymers of these monomers with six polar monomers. After tribol. testing at 100°C using the ball-on-flat geometry, the resulting tribochem. films were imaged using SEM and optical microscopy. The resulting tribochem. films have thicknesses around 50-100 nm. Two of the films corresponding to small (P1-imidazole-containing copolymer) and large (P3-less polar homopolymer) wear were cross-sectioned using focused ion beam and analyzed for elemental composition using energy-dispersive X-Ray mapping. Oxygen and nitrogen enrichment was observed, consistent with the relative chem. composition of the precursor polymers. Transmission electron microscopy evidence suggests that at the worn surface, some organic elements penetrate or are mixed into the steel substrate giving an interlocking appearance. The two samples examined with TEM showed that P1 tribofilm is diffused or mixed with the steel substrate more so than P3, suggesting a stronger affinity and contact during tribofilm formation.

Tribology Letters published new progress about Friction. 142-90-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate, and the molecular formula is C16H30O2, Recommanded Product: Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lu, Yutong published the artcileEnhancement of Removal of VOCs and Odors from Wood by Microwave-Activated Persulfate, Product Details of C6H12O3, the main research area is VOCs odor wood microwave persulfate.

Since traditional methods for removing volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from wood consume large amounts of energy and generate environmental pollution, it is desired to develop a convenient and green treatment method. Oxidation by microwave-activated persulfate (MW-PS) is a promising alternative method that has been used to eliminate VOCs from wood. The penetration of microwave energy can destroy the wood pit membranes and increase VOC emissions. The VOCs are further degraded by ·OH and SO4•-, which are generated via the activation of microwaves. This phenomenon can be detected by the ESR spectrometry. The 35 types of main VOCs of natural wood were determined, including alkanes/terpenes, alcs./ethers, esters, aldehydes/ketones, and others. In the MW-PS system, 23 compounds were removed with an efficiency of 100%. Specifically, as one of the major compounds, the content of alkanes/terpenes was sharply decreased, and no alcs./ethers and esters were detected. It was found that the optimal conditions of the MW-PS system for the min. release of VOCs from wood were the microwave power of 462 W, irradiation time of 30 min, and PS dosage of 0.5 mmol/L.

ACS Omega published new progress about Fir wood. 5405-41-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate, and the molecular formula is C6H12O3, Product Details of C6H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Deyle, Kaycie M. published the artcileA protein-targeting strategy used to develop a selective inhibitor of the E17K point mutation in the PH domain of Akt1, HPLC of Formula: 882847-32-7, the main research area is protein Akt1 inhibitor E17K mutation PH domain PIP3 peptide.

Ligands that can bind selectively to proteins with single amino-acid point mutations offer the potential to detect or treat an abnormal protein in the presence of the wild type (WT). However, it is difficult to develop a selective ligand if the point mutation is not associated with an addressable location, such as a binding pocket. Here we report an all-chem. synthetic epitope-targeting strategy that we used to discover a 5-mer peptide with selectivity for the E17K-transforming point mutation in the pleckstrin homol. domain of the Akt1 oncoprotein. A fragment of Akt1 that contained the E17K mutation and an I19[propargylglycine] substitution was synthesized to form an addressable synthetic epitope. Azide-presenting peptides that clicked covalently onto this alkyne-presenting epitope were selected from a library using in situ screening. One peptide exhibits a 10:1 in vitro selectivity for the oncoprotein relative to the WT, with a similar selectivity in cells. This 5-mer peptide was expanded into a larger ligand that selectively blocks the E17K Akt1 interaction with its PIP3 (phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate) substrate.

Nature Chemistry published new progress about Epitopes. 882847-32-7 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is 1-(9H-Fluoren-9-yl)-3-oxo-2,7,10,13,16,19-hexaoxa-4-azadocosan-22-oic acid, and the molecular formula is C28H37NO9, HPLC of Formula: 882847-32-7.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Li, Zheng published the artcileChemical Upcycling of Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) into Bicyclic Ether-Ester Monomers toward Value-Added, Degradable, and Recyclable Poly(ether ester), Name: Ethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate, the main research area is chem upcycling polyhydroxybutyrate bicyclic monomers degradable polyether polyester; recyclable plastic waste.

The chem. recycling of plastic wastes into value-added products is an attractive strategy to reduce the consumption of fossil fuels and reduce the plastic pollution. We report here the facile upcycling of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (P3HB) into value-added polymerizable monomers and subsequent polymerization toward degradable and recyclable polymers. The bicyclic monomer 4-methyloctahydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]dioxepin-2-one (4-MOHB) was first synthesized from P3HB through efficient steps. The obtained monomers underwent bulk ring-opening polymerization (ROP) catalyzed by stannous octoate (Sn(Oct)2) to give the amorphous materials. With benzyl alc. (BnOH) as an initiator, Sn(Oct)2 can effectively catalyze the ROP of bicyclic ether-ester monomers in a controllable fashion. Moreover, poly(4-methyloctahydro-2H-benzo[b][1,4]dioxepin-2-one) (P(4-MOHB)) showed a closed-loop recovery property due to the fused bicyclic monomer structure. The selective depolymerization of the P(4-MOHB) homopolymer back to 4-MOHB monomer can be easily realized using p-toluenesulfonic acid (TsOH) or Sn(Oct)2 as a catalyst in solution or in bulk. This strategy to recycle bioplastics into value-added materials has a promising application prospect and is beneficial to extend the life cycle of environment-friendly materials.

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering published new progress about Enthalpy. 5405-41-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate, and the molecular formula is C6H12O3, Name: Ethyl 3-hydroxybutanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yao, Lingyun published the artcileCharacterization of key aroma compounds in Xinjiang dried figs (Ficus carica L.) by GC-MS, GC-olfactometry, odor activity values, and sensory analyses, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is Ficus carica GCMS GC olfactometry odor activity sensory analysis.

Xinjiang is the main production area of figs in China. In this work, three different methods (SDE, SAFE, and SPME) were employed to extract the volatile compounds from Xinjiang dried figs. The exactions were then analyzed using aroma extract dilution anal. (AEDA) based on gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatog.-olfactometry (GC-O). Seventy-five aroma-active compounds were identified with flavor dilutions (FD) factors ranging from 1 to 2187. Aroma compounds with odor activity value (OAV) greater than 10 were subsequently used in aroma reconstitution and omission experiments Based on instrumental anal. and sensory evaluation, 22 compounds were identified as the key aroma compounds and eight of these were evaluated as the most important aroma contributors of Xinjiang dried figs, including heptanal, nonanal, linalool, benzyl benzoate, styrene, eugenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, and vanillin. Moreover, three volatile components, including 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol and ortho-guaiacol, were identified as key aroma compounds of dried figs and have not been reported previously.

LWT–Food Science and Technology published new progress about Dilution. 140-11-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Benzyl acetate, and the molecular formula is C9H10O2, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yao, Lingyun published the artcileCharacterization of key aroma compounds in Xinjiang dried figs (Ficus carica L.) by GC-MS, GC-olfactometry, odor activity values, and sensory analyses, HPLC of Formula: 41114-00-5, the main research area is Ficus carica GCMS GC olfactometry odor activity sensory analysis.

Xinjiang is the main production area of figs in China. In this work, three different methods (SDE, SAFE, and SPME) were employed to extract the volatile compounds from Xinjiang dried figs. The exactions were then analyzed using aroma extract dilution anal. (AEDA) based on gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatog.-olfactometry (GC-O). Seventy-five aroma-active compounds were identified with flavor dilutions (FD) factors ranging from 1 to 2187. Aroma compounds with odor activity value (OAV) greater than 10 were subsequently used in aroma reconstitution and omission experiments Based on instrumental anal. and sensory evaluation, 22 compounds were identified as the key aroma compounds and eight of these were evaluated as the most important aroma contributors of Xinjiang dried figs, including heptanal, nonanal, linalool, benzyl benzoate, styrene, eugenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, and vanillin. Moreover, three volatile components, including 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol and ortho-guaiacol, were identified as key aroma compounds of dried figs and have not been reported previously.

LWT–Food Science and Technology published new progress about Dilution. 41114-00-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl pentadecanoate, and the molecular formula is C17H34O2, HPLC of Formula: 41114-00-5.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Shao, Yuewen published the artcileSulfated Zirconia with Different Crystal Phases for the Production of Ethyl Levulinate and 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural, Safety of Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, the main research area is ethyl levulinate sulfated zirconia crystal phase.

Distinct crystal phases of an oxide affect the configuration of surface atoms, which might further affect coordination with sulfate during sulfonation for the preparation of SO42-/MxOy type of acid catalyst. Herein, such an effect is investigated with zirconia of the tetragonal or monoclinic phase as the model catalysts. The results show that sulfonation inhibits the transformation of zirconia from the tetragonal phase to the monoclinic phase, whereas the varied phase of zirconia also affects the bonding patterns of sulfate species with zirconia in sulfonation. The sulfated zirconia of monoclinic phase contains more abundant acidic sites and more Bronsted acid sites than that of sulfated zirconia of tetragonal phase. Consequently, the sulfated zirconia of monoclinic phase is more active than the sulfated zirconia of tetragonal phase for the conversion of furfuryl alc. in ethanol and conversion of fructose in DMSO, achieving the yield of Et levulinate of 96.4% and a high yield of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. The sulfated zirconia is not stable in protic solvent due to the leaching of sulfur species and the change in configurations of the sulfate species and the zirconium species, but in the aprotic solvent, they show good stability and recyclability.

Energy Technology (Weinheim, Germany) published new progress about Crystals. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Safety of Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zainol, Muzakkir Mohammad published the artcileEsterification of Levulinic Acid to Ethyl Levulinate Using Liquefied Oil Palm Frond-Based Carbon Cryogel Catalyst, Application In Synthesis of 539-88-8, the main research area is levulinic acid esterification ethyl levulinate oil palm cryogel catalyst.

Oil palm biomass, which is abundantly available in Malaysia, has many types of applications in various industries. In this study, oil palm frond (OPF) was liquefied with 1-butyl-3-methylimidazole hydrogen sulfate ([BMIM][HSO4]) ionic liquid (IL) at optimum conditions. The liquefied OPF-ionic liquid (LOPF-IL) was mixed with furfural at a ratio of 0.8 (weight/weight), water-to-feedstock ratio of 0.125 (weight/weight), and sulfuric acid loading of 0.5 mL at 100°C for 1 h to form a gel. Carbon cryogel liquefied oil palm frond (CCOPF) was prepared using a freeze-dryer followed by calcination. CCOPF was further characterized using N2 sorption, NH3-TPD, TGA, XRD, FTIR, and FESEM to determine its phys. and chem. properties. The thermally stable CCOPF exhibited a large total surface area (578 m2/g) and high total acidity (17.6 mmol/g). Next, CCOPF was tested for levulinic acid catalytic esterification by varying the parameters including ethanol-to-levulinic acid molar ratio, catalyst loading, and reaction time at 78°C. At the optimum conditions, the conversion of levulinic acid and Et levulinate yield was 70.9 and 71.7 mol%, resp. CCOPF was reusable up to five runs with no significant conversion drop. Accordingly, CCOPF is conferred as a potential biomass-derived acid catalyst for Et levulinate production

BioEnergy Research published new progress about Cryogels. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Application In Synthesis of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Owaba, Azibanasamesa D. C. published the artcilePhysicochemical and spectroscopic analysis of oils from Terminalia ivoriensis a Chev Combretaceae, HPLC of Formula: 111-11-5, the main research area is Terminalia oil seed extract physicochem spectroscopic analysis.

Terminalia ivoriensis A.Chev Combretaceae is a West African medicinal plant widely used by the Ijaws in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria for the treatment of malaria and management of erectile dysfunction in men. The Seeds were extracted using successive maceration at room temperature using n-hexane, dichloromethane and 70% methanol exhaustively and concentrated in vacuo, yielded 11.29, 10.03, and 0.954 percent of oily extracts resp. The samples were subjected to physicochem. anal. and the following parameters were obtained; 0.9104-0.9303, 1.466-1.474, 38.15-58.34mg/KOH, 84.2-115mg KOH/g, 15.23-24g I2/100g and 26-80meq/Kg, for relative d., refractive index, acid value, saponification value, iodine value, peroxide value resp. The GC-FID anal. of the oils showed that the oils contained 11 fatty acids and FT-IR result of the samples reveals that the oils contained fatty acid with a prominent characteristics peak at 1740 and 3004 cm-1 due to carbonyl and methoxyl group of esters resp. The physicochem. anal. revealed that the oils could be used for skincare, emollient, vehicle for topical agents and as an insect repellent in agriculture because of the pungent and irritating odor produced by the oils.

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about Cropland. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, HPLC of Formula: 111-11-5.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics