Esters-buliding-blocks

Scheurlen, Katharina M published the artcileItaconate and leptin affecting PPARγ in M2 macrophages: A potential link to early-onset colorectal cancer., Application In Synthesis of 617-52-7, the publication is Surgery (2022), 171(3), 650-656, database is MEDLINE.

BACKGROUND: Along with the rising incidence of obesity, there has been an increase in patients diagnosed with early-onset colorectal cancer (<50 years old). In colorectal cancer, worse patient survival is associated with certain cytokine expression and downregulation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma expression. The effects of the obesity hormone leptin and macrophage-specific metabolite itaconate on these mechanisms are poorly understood. We investigated their impact on peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma and macrophage cytokine expression in vitro. METHODS: M2-like macrophages were treated with either leptin, 4-octyl itaconate, or dimethyl itaconate in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Gene expression after treatment with 4 doses (D1-4) of each compound was analyzed at 4 time points (3, 6, 18, and 24 hours). RESULTS: Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma was downregulated after 4-octyl itaconate treatment at 18 hours (FC -32.67, P â‰?.001). Interleukin-8 was upregulated after leptin and dimethyl itaconate treatment at 6 hours (FC 26.35 at D4, P â‰?.001, and FC 23.26 at D3, P = .006). Dimethyl itaconate upregulated IL-1β at 24 hours (FC 18.00 at D4, P â‰?.001). Tumor necrosis factor-α showed maximum downregulation after 4-octyl itaconate at 18 hours (FC -103.25 at D4, P â‰?.001). CONCLUSIONS: Itaconate downregulates peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma as a tumor-suppressing factor and upregulates anti-inflammatory cytokines in M2-like macrophages. Itaconate provides a link between obesity and colorectal cancer and may be a key regulator in early-onset colorectal cancer.

Surgery published new progress about 617-52-7. 617-52-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester, name is Dimethyl itaconate, and the molecular formula is C7H10O4, Application In Synthesis of 617-52-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Dunkelblum, E. published the artcileIdentification of sex pheromone components from pheromone gland volatiles of the tomato looper, Plusia chalcites (Especially), Formula: C14H26O2, the publication is Journal of Chemical Ecology (1987), 13(5), 991-1003, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The sex pheromone glands of P. chalcites released dodecyl acetate, (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate, (Z)-9-dodecenyl acetate, 11-dodecenyl acetate, (Z)-8-tridecenyl acetate, and (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate. A combination of capillary gas chromatog., gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry, and di-Me disulfide derivatization enabled a rigorous identification of all these compounds, some of which were previously found in gland extracts Bioassays in a flight tunnel showed that a ternary blend of (Z)-7-dodecenyl acetate, (Z)-9-dodecenyl acetate, and (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate elicited directed flights from 85-100% of the males tested and elicited copulation attempts, at the end of the flights, from 44-74% of the males tested. This blend was equal in activity to the natural gland extract Addition of the other acetates had only a slight influence on the activity of this mixture Substitution of either (Z)-9-dodecenyl acetate or (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate in this blend by 11-dodecenyl acetate gave 2 ternary mixtures which also elicited high levels of courtship activity, almost as high as that of the original blend. Addition of (Z)-7-dodecenyl alc. inhibited almost totally the flight activity of males.

Journal of Chemical Ecology published new progress about 16974-11-1. 16974-11-1 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Aliphatic Chain, name is (Z)-Dodec-9-en-1-yl acetate, and the molecular formula is C14H26O2, Formula: C14H26O2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

McComsey, David F. published the artcileNovel, Broad-Spectrum Anticonvulsants Containing a Sulfamide Group: Pharmacological Properties of (S)-N-[(6-Chloro-2,3-dihydrobenzo[1,4]dioxin-2-yl)methyl]sulfamide (JNJ-26489112), Quality Control of 115314-17-5, the publication is Journal of Medicinal Chemistry (2013), 56(22), 9019-9030, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Broad-spectrum anticonvulsants are of considerable interest as antiepileptic drugs, especially because of their potential for treating refractory patients. Such “neurostabilizers” have also been used to treat other neurol. disorders, including migraine, bipolar disorder, and neuropathic pain. A series of sulfamide derivatives was synthesized and their anticonvulsant activity evaluted. Thus, the authors identified promising sulfamide I (JNJ-26489112) and explored its pharmacol. properties. Compound I exhibited excellent anticonvulsant activity in rodents against audiogenic, elec. induced, and chem. induced seizures. Mechanistically, I inhibited voltage-gated Na⁺ channels and N-type Ca²⁺ channels and was effective as a K⁺ channel opener. The anticonvulsant profile of I suggests that it may be useful for treating multiple forms of epilepsy (generalized tonic-clonic, complex partial, absence seizures), including refractory (or pharmacoresistant) epilepsy, at dose levels that confer a good safety margin. On the basis of its pharmacol. and other favorable characteristics, I was advanced into human clin. studies.

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 115314-17-5. 115314-17-5 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Epoxides,Chiral,Nitro Compound,Sulfonate,Benzene, name is (R)-Oxiran-2-ylmethyl 3-nitrobenzenesulfonate, and the molecular formula is C9H9NO6S, Quality Control of 115314-17-5.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Bialecka-Florjanczyk, Ewa published the artcileThe influence of structural changes of symmetrical dimers containing two phenyl groups on liquid crystalline behaviour, Product Details of C15H14O3, the publication is Liquid Crystals (2012), 39(10), 1216-1221, database is CAplus.

Some sym. dimeric compounds containing biphenyl, biphenylcarboxylic acid or benzoiloxyphenyl moieties and polymethylene spacers were synthesized. The mesogenic properties of the synthesized compounds were studied by optical microscopy, calorimetric and x-ray methods. The location and direction of the ester bonds has a crucial significance in mesophase formation.

Liquid Crystals published new progress about 50670-76-3. 50670-76-3 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Benzene,Phenol,Ester, name is Ethyl 4′-hydroxy-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-carboxylate, and the molecular formula is C15H14O3, Product Details of C15H14O3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lamut, Andraz published the artcileSecond-generation 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[d]thiazoles as novel DNA gyrase inhibitors, HPLC of Formula: 1877-71-0, the publication is Future Medicinal Chemistry (2020), 12(4), 277-297, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV are essential bacterial enzymes, and in the fight against bacterial resistance, they are important targets for the development of novel antibacterial drugs. Building from our first generation of 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[d]thiazole-based DNA gyrase inhibitors, we designed and prepared an optimized series of analogs that show improved inhibition of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV from Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with IC₅₀ values in the nanomolar range. Importantly, these inhibitors also show improved antibacterial activity against Gram-pos. strains. The most promising inhibitor, 29, is active against Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium and S. aureus wild-type and resistant strains, with min. inhibitory concentrations between 4 and 8 g/mL, which represents good starting point for development of novel antibacterials.

Future Medicinal Chemistry published new progress about 1877-71-0. 1877-71-0 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Carboxylic acid,Benzene,Ester, name is 3-(Methoxycarbonyl)benzoic acid, and the molecular formula is C9H8O4, HPLC of Formula: 1877-71-0.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cytlak, Tomasz published the artcileFunctionalization of α-hydroxyphosphonates as a convenient route to N-tosyl-α-aminophosphonates, Product Details of C10H19NO3, the publication is RSC Advances (2018), 8(22), 11957-11974, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Direct conversion of the α-hydroxyl group by para-toluenesulfonamide to yield α-(N-tosyl)aminophosphonates is reported. α-Aminophosphonates 23a,b–37a,b were obtained from the corresponding α-hydroxyphosphonates 6a,b–21a,b in the presence of K₂CO₃, via the retro-Abramov reaction of the appropriate aldehydes, 1–5. The subsequent formation of imines with simultaneous addition of di-Et phosphite provided access to the α-sulfonamide phosphonates 23a,b–37a,b with better diastereoselectivity than in the case of the Pudovik reaction. The mechanism for this transformation is proposed herein. When Cbz N-protected aziridine 9a,b and phenylalanine analog 12a,b were exploited, intramol. substitution was observed, leading to the corresponding epoxide 38 as the sole product, or oxazolidin-2-one 39 as a minor product. Analogous substitution was not observed in the case of proline 18a,b and serine 21a,b derivatives

RSC Advances published new progress about 106391-88-2. 106391-88-2 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Amine,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Amide,Aldehyde, name is (R)-tert-Butyl (3-methyl-1-oxobutan-2-yl)carbamate, and the molecular formula is C10H19NO3, Product Details of C10H19NO3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Schultz, T. Wayne published the artcileStructure-activity relationships for gene activation oestrogenicity: evaluation of a diverse set of aromatic chemicals, Name: Ethyl 4′-hydroxy-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-carboxylate, the publication is Environmental Toxicology (2002), 17(1), 14-23, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

Structure-activity relationships for estrogenicity were developed based on 120 aromatic chems. evaluated in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based Lac-Z reporter assay. Relative gene activation was compared to 17β-estradiol and varied over eight orders of magnitude. Anal. of the data compared to 17β-estradiol identified three structural criteria that were related to xenoestrogen activity and potency: (1) the hydrogen-bonding ability of the phenolic ring mimicking the A-ring, (2) a hydrophobic center similar in size and shape to the B- and C-rings, and (3) a hydrogen-bond donor mimicking the 17β-hydroxyl moiety of the D-ring, especially with an oxygen-to-oxygen distance similar to that between the 3- and 17β-hydroxyl groups of 17β-estradiol. Binding data were segregated into activity clusters including strong, moderate, weak, and detectable gene expression, and those compounds that were inactive. The hydrogen-bonding ability of hydroxy group in the 3-position on 17β-estradiol was observed to be essential for gene activation. Compounds with a 4-hydroxyl substituted benzene ring and a hydrophobic moiety of size and shape equivalent to the B-ring of 17β-estradiol were generally observed to be weakly active compounds Moderately active compounds have a 4-hydroxyl substituted benzene ring with a hydrophobic moiety equivalent in size and shape to the B- and C-ring of 17β-estradiol, or have a high hydrogen-bond donor capacity owing to the presence of halogens on a nonphenolic ring. Strongly active compounds, similar to 4,4′-diethylethylene bisphenol (DES), possess the same hydrophobic ring structure as described for moderately active compounds and an addnl. hydroxyl group with an oxygen-to-oxygen distance close to that exhibited by the 3- and 17-hydroxyl groups of 17β-estradiol.

Environmental Toxicology published new progress about 50670-76-3. 50670-76-3 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Benzene,Phenol,Ester, name is Ethyl 4′-hydroxy-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-carboxylate, and the molecular formula is C8H6F3NO, Name: Ethyl 4′-hydroxy-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-carboxylate.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Schultz, T. Wayne published the artcileEffect of substituent size and dimensionality on potency of phenolic xenoestrogens evaluated with a recombinant yeast assay, Application In Synthesis of 50670-76-3, the publication is Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (2000), 19(11), 2637-2642, database is CAplus.

Estrogenicity was assessed using the Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based Lac-Z reporter assay and was reported as the logarithm of the inverse of the 50% molar β-galactosidase activity (log[EC₅₀^-1]). Previous studies indicated that the position, size, and shape of the nonphenolic moiety of xenoestrogens affects potency. In an effort to quantify the relationship between the size and shape of the nonphenolic moiety and estrogenic potency, a series of primarily hydrocarbon, para-substituted phenols were evaluated. There is a general trend of increase in estrogenicity with increased substituent size. Attempts were made to correlate estrogenic activity with a variety of mol. parameters. These parameters included two-dimensional mol. connectivity and other topol. indexes, MO properties and other assorted steric properties, as well as hydrophobicity. Regression anal. revealed that hydrophobicity, because of its colinearity with size, was moderately correlated with estrogenic activity (r_adj² = 0.431). Among the parameters describing the bulk and/or shape of the mol., the second-order path mol. connectivity for the substituent (²χ_p(sub)) was the single best parameter correlated with estrogenicity. It modeled activity by the relationship log(EC₅₀^-1) = 0.925(²χ_p(sub)) + 3.47;, s = 0.37, r_adj² = 0.868, f = 179,. In this model, the active chem. domain is defined by the presence of the para-phenolic ring, while the potency is quantified by the values of the substituent connectivity index. A comparison of 3-, 5-, and 7-d estrogenicity and potency ratio, as compared with 17-β-estradiol, showed some compounds that were not active after the third day but that were active on the fifth and seventh days of exposure. Potency varied with length of exposure, but the potency ratio did not change. These results suggest that activity with this assay should be reported after 5 d of exposure.

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published new progress about 50670-76-3. 50670-76-3 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Benzene,Phenol,Ester, name is Ethyl 4′-hydroxy-[1,1′-biphenyl]-4-carboxylate, and the molecular formula is C7H10BNO3, Application In Synthesis of 50670-76-3.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Duclos, Marie-Christine published the artcileSynthesis and evaluation of P-chirogenic monodentate binaphthyl phosphines, Formula: C22H12F6O6S2, the publication is Tetrahedron Letters (2012), 53(45), 5984-5986, database is CAplus.

P-Chirogenic monodentate binaphthyl phosphines were prepared in five steps from enantiomerically pure BINOL. This approach supposes the utilization of two methods previously developed in our group, the formation of secondary phosphine oxide, and the reduction of tertiary phosphine oxide using the association of tetramethyldisiloxane and Ti(OⁱPr)₄. During the last reduction step, only the formation of the more stable diastereoisomer was observed This product was employed as a ligand for the palladium catalyzed hydrosilylation of styrene to afford the corresponding alc. with high yield and enantiomeric excess.

Tetrahedron Letters published new progress about 126613-06-7. 126613-06-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Chiral Diphenols, name is (R)-[1,1′-Binaphthalene]-2,2′-diyl bis(trifluoromethanesulfonate), and the molecular formula is C22H12F6O6S2, Formula: C22H12F6O6S2.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Singh, Sukhvinder published the artcileIntegrative metabolomics and transcriptomics identifies itaconate as an adjunct therapy to treat ocular bacterial infection, SDS of cas: 617-52-7, the publication is Cell Reports Medicine, database is CAplus and MEDLINE.

The eye is highly susceptible to inflammation-mediated tissue damage evoked during bacterial infection. However, mechanisms regulating inflammation to protect the eye remain elusive. Here, we used integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics to show that the immunomodulatory metabolite itaconate and immune-responsive gene 1 (Irg1) are induced in bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus)-infected mouse eyes, bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs), and Muller glia. Itaconate levels are also elevated in the vitreous of patients with bacterial endophthalmitis. Irg1 deficiency in mice led to increased ocular pathol. Conversely, intraocular administration of itaconate protects both Irg1-/- and wild-type mice from bacterial endophthalmitis by reducing inflammation, bacterial burden, and preserving retinal architecture and visual function. Notably, itaconate exerts synergistic effects with antibiotics. The protective, anti-inflammatory effects of itaconate are mediated via activation of NRF2/HO-1 signaling and inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome. Collectively, our study demonstrates the Irg1/itaconate axis is a regulator of intraocular inflammation and provides evidence for using itaconate, along with antibiotics, to treat bacterial infections.

Cell Reports Medicine published new progress about 617-52-7. 617-52-7 belongs to esters-buliding-blocks, auxiliary class Alkenyl,Aliphatic hydrocarbon chain,Ester, name is Dimethyl itaconate, and the molecular formula is C24H20Ge, SDS of cas: 617-52-7.

Referemce:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ester,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics