Esters-buliding-blocks

Impact of a novel probiotic Lactobacillus strain isolated from the bee gut on GABA content, antioxidant activity, and potential cytotoxic activity against HT-29 cell line of rice bran was written by Ghamry, Mohamed;Ghazal, Ahmed Fathy;Al-Maqtqri, Qais Ali;Li, Li;Zhao, Wei. And the article was included in Journal of Food Science and Technology (New Delhi, India) in 2022.COA of Formula: C6H10O2 This article mentions the following:

Rice bran was fermented with Lactobacillus apis, isolated from the bee gut as a novel probiotic strain, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae to investigate the relationship between its metabolites and antioxidant activity, nutraceutical value, and cytotoxic activity against the HT-29 cell line. The findings showed that L. apis improved the antioxidant activity (DPPH of 37.73%) and antioxidant capacity (ABTS of 37.62 mg Trolox/g,), as well as, hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity (91.55%) of rice bran compared to S. cerevisiae. The metabolic anal. of volatile compounds revealed an increase of alcs. and lactones in the samples fermented with S. cerevisiae. While the samples fermented with L. apis displayed an increase of ketones, esters, and thiazoles. On the other hand, L. apis and S. cerevisiae exhibited a significant ability to increase 绾?aminobutyric acid during different fermentation times. Compared with non-fermented samples (18.54%), L. apis increased the cytotoxic activity of rice bran against the HT-29 cell line to 34.17%, and S. cerevisiae to 31.34%. These results suggest that the fermentation of rice bran with S. cerevisiae and L. apis provides a promising strategy to improve the antioxidant activity and nutraceuticals of rice bran, and a potential source for plant-based pharmaceutical products. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7COA of Formula: C6H10O2).

5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120鎺?C閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 and O閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C閳ユ彊閳ユ弲 bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. COA of Formula: C6H10O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Changes in volatile flavor compounds of peppers during hot air drying process based on headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) was written by Ge, Shuai;Chen, Yuyu;Ding, Shenghua;Zhou, Hui;Jiang, Liwen;Yi, Youjin;Deng, Fangming;Wang, Rongrong. And the article was included in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture in 2020.Synthetic Route of C6H12O2 This article mentions the following:

BACKGROUND : Flavor plays a critical role in defining sensory and consumer acceptance of dried pepper, and it can be affected by temperature and moisture content during hot air drying (HAD). Thus, headspace-gas chromatog.-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) was used to analyze changes in volatile compounds of pepper during the HAD process with different drying temperatures RESULTS : A total of 45 volatile flavor compounds were identified, including 11 esters, 11 aldehydes, nine alcs., five ketones, three furans, three acids, two pyrazines, and one ether. The results showed that with the loss of moisture during drying, aldehydes and alcs. decreased, esters initially increased and then decreased. However, Pr acetate, 2,3-butanediol, 2-acetylfuran, and 2-methylpyrazine increased. Moreover, drying temperature was closely related to the change of volatile flavor compounds Aldehydes, alcs., and some other volatile flavor compounds (Me salicylate, Et acetate, 2-methylpyrazine, di-Pr disulfide) decreased with an increase of temperature (60-80鎺矯) at the same moisture content, while high temperature could promote the formation of Et octanoate, Me octanoate, benzaldehyde, furfurol, acetal, 5-methylfurfural, and 2-acetylfuran. Based on principal components anal. and heat map clustering anal., peppers dried at 70 or 80鎺矯 presented similar composition, and the loss of volatile flavor compounds was more than samples died at 60鎺矯 during the HAD process. CONCLUSION : Overall, the flavor quality of peppers dried at 60鎺矯 was better than that of other treatments during the HAD process. HS-GC-IMS was a reliable and effective means of analyzing volatile flavor compounds in peppers during the drying process. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5Synthetic Route of C6H12O2).

Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Synthetic Route of C6H12O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A novel column modification approach for capillary gas chromatography: combination with a triptycene-based stationary phase achieves high separation performance and inertness was written by He, Yongrui;Qi, Meiling. And the article was included in New Journal of Chemistry in 2021.Reference of 118-61-6 This article mentions the following:

This work presents a novel strategy for the construction of a capillary column with high resolving performance and inertness for gas chromatog. (GC) anal. by combining the proposed surface modification with a selective stationary phase. Through the modified biphasic sol-gel reaction inside a capillary GC column, porous modification was made on the capillary surface (PM capillary) prior to coating with a stationary phase. Herein, we designed and synthesized a new triptycene-based stationary phase (TPPG) for the study. Using the proposed strategy, the PM-TPPG column was fabricated with a column efficiency of 4950 plates per m determined by n-dodecane at 120鎺矯 and then investigated for its separation performance, inertness, repeatability, loadability and thermal stability. As demonstrated, the PM-TPPG column showed distinct advantages in these aspects over two reference columns (TPPG column and com. PEG column). Particularly, the PM-TPPG column well resolved all the components in the Grob mixture and exhibited distinctly improved peak shapes for carboxylic acids and heterocyclic bases. Moreover, it exhibited excellent repeatability and reproducibility and higher column loadability than the two reference columns. Its applications to purity monitoring of chem. products demonstrate its good potential for practical GC anal. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6Reference of 118-61-6).

Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Reference of 118-61-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sustainable polypyrrole-based magnetic-microextraction of phthalates from jellies and apple-based beverages prior to tandem mass spectrometry analysis was written by Rodriguez-Ramos, Ruth;Socas-Rodriguez, Barbara;Santana-Mayor, Alvaro;Salazar-Carballo, Pedro Angel;Rodriguez-Delgado, Miguel Angel. And the article was included in Journal of Chromatography A in 2021.Application of 84-61-7 This article mentions the following:

Synthesized polypyrrole-coated Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles have been successfully characterised and applied as sorbent for the magnetic-micro-dispersive solid-phase extraction of eleven phthalic acid esters from jelly and apple-based beverage matrixes widely consumed by the population and, especially, by children. Sorbent was synthesized through chem. coprecipitation and subsequently characterised by different techniques. The influence of several parameters on the extraction efficiency was exhaustively evaluated using a step-by-step strategy. The separation and quantification of the selected phthalates were performed by ultra-high performance liquid chromatog. coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. The validation of the methodol. was carried out for jellies and apple-based beverages, employing dihexyl phthalate-3,4,5,6-d4 as the surrogate standard Relative recovery values were in the range 70-114% for both matrixes and relative standard deviations below 20% were obtained. The limits of quantification of the method were found in the range 0.147-0.416 娓璯/L. Feasibility of the developed methodol. was proved by the anal. of commercialised jelly and apple-based beverage products. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7Application of 84-61-7).

Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Application of 84-61-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Influence of Freezing and Different Drying Methods on Volatile Profiles of Strawberry and Analysis of Volatile Compounds of Strawberry Commercial Jams was written by Abouelenein, Doaa;Mustafa, Ahmed M.;Angeloni, Simone;Borsetta, Germana;Vittori, Sauro;Maggi, Filippo;Sagratini, Gianni;Caprioli, Giovanni. And the article was included in Molecules in 2021.Name: 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one This article mentions the following:

Strawberry is the most consumed berry fruit worldwide due to its unique aroma and flavor. Drying fruits to produce a powder represents one of the possible conservation methods to extend their shelf-life. The aim of the present study was to compare the influence of freezing and different drying methods on the volatile profile of strawberry using the HS-SPME/GC-MS method, in addition to anal. of strawberry jam volatiles. A total of 165 compounds were identified, accounting for 85.03-96.88% of the total volatile compositions Results and PCA showed that freezing and each drying process affected the volatile profile in a different way, and the most remarkable representative differential volatiles were Et hexanoate, hexyl acetate, (E)-2-hexenyl acetate, mesifurane, (E)-nerolidol, 绾?decalactone, 1-hexanol, and acetoin. Shade air-dried, frozen, freeze-dried, and oven-dried 45鎺矯 samples retained more of the fruity and sweet aromas of strawberry, representing more than 68% of the total aroma intensity according to the literature. In contrast, the microwave-drying method showed drastic loss of fruity esters. Strawberry jams demonstrated complete destruction of esters and alcs. in most jams, while terpenes were significantly increased. These findings help better understand the aroma of strawberry and provide a guide for the effects of drying, freezing, and jam processing. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9Name: 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one).

5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Name: 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Flavor components in tobacco capsules identified through non-targeted quantitative analysis was written by Lim, Hyun-Hee;Choi, Kyeong-Yun;Shin, Ho-Sang. And the article was included in Journal of Mass Spectrometry in 2022.Application In Synthesis of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate This article mentions the following:

Tobacco flavors increase the attractiveness of a tobacco brand and ultimately promote addiction. Information about what flavor and how much flavor is in flavor capsules can provide an effective way to regulate tobacco flavor. In this study, 128 flavor chems. were identified and quantified by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry using libraries and authentic standards Validation of the developed method was performed for interference, detection limits, calibration curves, accuracy, and precision. Menthol was the main ingredient in all capsules, and the carcinogenic pulegone was detected. Detected menthofuran, benzyl alc., geraniol, and eugenol cause toxic or severe irritation, and detected lactones can increase nicotine addiction by inhibiting nicotine metabolism in smokers. Margin of exposures for carcinogenic pulegone and non-carcinogenic menthol were well below safety thresholds, indicating a significant risk of inhalation exposure. It is desirable to prohibit the use of flavor capsules in consideration of human risk. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3Application In Synthesis of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate).

(E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Application In Synthesis of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Characterization of the volatile profile of Chinese rice wine by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to quadrupole mass spectrometry was written by Yu, Haiyan;Xie, Tong;Qian, Xinhua;Ai, Lianzhong;Chen, Chen;Tian, Huaixiang. And the article was included in Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture in 2019.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate This article mentions the following:

BACKGROUND : Chinese rice wine (CRW) is a kind of traditional fermentation wine in China. Aged CRW is more popular among consumers owing to its harmonious and pleasant flavor. The volatile profile of CRW has been extensively studied using gas chromatog./mass spectrometry (GC/MS). However, flavor components in CRW are far richer than those detected by GC/MS. To obtain more information about the volatile profile of fresh (5-yr) and aged (10-yr) CRW, a method based on comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatog. coupled to quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC鑴矴C/qMS) was developed. The major volatile compounds contributing to the characteristic aroma of fresh and aged CRW were identified by surrogate odor activity value (OAV). RESULTS : Ninety-eight volatile compounds were detected in the 5-yr CRW samples and 107 in the 10-yr samples by GC鑴矴C/qMS. The numbers of compounds detected by GC鑴矴C/qMS for the 5-yr and 10-yr samples were 71.4 and 65.4% higher than those detected by GC/MS. The aged wine had a more complex volatile profile than the fresh wine, with an increase in esters and aldehydes and a decrease in alcs. and organic acids. There were 22 volatile compounds with surrogate OAV > 1. Nine were the potent key aroma compounds in CRW: Et isovalerate (OAV 500-33 500), Et butyrate (OAV 84-334), Et isobutyrate (OAV 49-170), 2-nonenal (OAV 20-100), Et heptanoate (OAV 1-74), Et hexanoate (OAV 60-77), phenylethyl alc. (OAV 2-18), benzaldehyde (OAV 28-30) and hexanal (OAV 4-11). CONCLUSION : GC鑴矴C/qMS showed better separation than GC/MS. The presented GC鑴矴C/qMS method was suitable for characterization of the volatile profile of CRW. 婕?2019 Society of Chem. Industry. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate).

Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is 绾?valerolactone.Recommanded Product: Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

A convenient method for the synthesis of chiral N-protected 1,2-amino alcohols via the reduction of the aminoketones was written by Zhou, Zheng Hong;Tang, Yi Long;Li, Kang Ying;Liu, Bing;Tang, Chu Chi. And the article was included in Chinese Chemical Letters in 2003.Product Details of 87694-53-9 This article mentions the following:

A series of optically active N-protected 1,2-amino alcs. were synthesized via the reduction of the corresponding 浼?aminoketones starting from the readily available L-amino acids. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-tert-Butyl (1-(methoxy(methyl)amino)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (cas: 87694-53-9Product Details of 87694-53-9).

(S)-tert-Butyl (1-(methoxy(methyl)amino)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (cas: 87694-53-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120鎺?C閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 and O閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C閳ユ彊閳ユ弲 bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Product Details of 87694-53-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Continued optimization of the MLPCN probe ML071 into highly potent agonists of the hM₁ muscarinic acetylcholine receptor was written by Melancon, Bruce J.;Gogliotti, Rocco D.;Tarr, James C.;Saleh, Sam A.;Chauder, Brian A.;Lebois, Evan P.;Cho, Hyekyung P.;Utley, Thomas J.;Sheffler, Douglas J.;Bridges, Thomas M.;Morrison, Ryan D.;Daniels, J. Scott;Niswender, Colleen M.;Conn, P. Jeffrey;Lindsley, Craig W.;Wood, Michael R.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters in 2012.Safety of Methyl 4-aminobicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1-carboxylate This article mentions the following:

This Letter describes the continued optimization of the MLPCN probe mol. ML071 (I). After introducing numerous cyclic constraints and novel substitutions throughout the parent structure, we produced a number of more highly potent agonists of the M₁ mACh receptor, e.g., II. While many novel agonists demonstrated a promising ability to increase soluble APP浼?release, further characterization indicated they may be functioning as bitopic agonists. These results and the implications of a bitopic mode of action are presented. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 4-aminobicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1-carboxylate (cas: 135908-33-7Safety of Methyl 4-aminobicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1-carboxylate).

Methyl 4-aminobicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1-carboxylate (cas: 135908-33-7) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Safety of Methyl 4-aminobicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1-carboxylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Characterization of key aroma compounds in flat peach juice based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry (GC-MS-O), odor activity value (OAV), aroma recombination, and omission experiments was written by Tan, Fengling;Wang, Peng;Zhan, Ping;Tian, Honglei. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Application of 706-14-9 This article mentions the following:

The aroma profiles of fresh flat peach juice (FPJ) samples obtained from four different cultivars (RP1), (ZLP), (RP18), and (ZP) were characterized by gas chromatog.-Mass spectrometry-olfactometry (GC-MS-O). Totally, 32 aroma-active compounds in FPJs were identified by GC-MS-O and further quantified. Of these, 14 aroma-active compounds presented odor activity values (OAVs) greater than 1, with several lactones and aldehydes contributing as key aroma-active components of FPJs. Partial least-squares regression (PLSR) revealed that RP18 was greatly related to “fruity”, “sweet” and “peach-like” attributes, while ZLP was highly correlated with “floral” and “green and grassy” attributes, confirming the quant. describe anal. (QDA) results. In addition, an aroma recombination experiment was conducted to mimic the aroma profile of flat peach juice based on the actual concentrations of RP18. Omission experiments indicated that lactones were very highly significant for the characteristic aroma of FPJ. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9Application of 706-14-9).

5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is 绾?valerolactone.Application of 706-14-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics