Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Soudagar, Manzoore Elahi M. published the artcileEffect of Sr@ZnO nanoparticles and Ricinus communis biodiesel-diesel fuel blends on modified CRDI diesel engine characteristics, Application In Synthesis of 111-11-5, the main research area is strontium zinc oxide nanoparticle Ricinus communis CRDI diesel engine.

The current study aims to evaluate the performance and emission characteristics of a modified common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engine fueled by Ricinus communis biodiesel (RCME20), diesel (80%), and their blends with strontium-zinc oxide (Sr@ZnO) nanoparticle additives. The Sr@ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using aqueous precipitation of zinc acetate dehydrate and strontium nitrate. Several characterization tests were performed to study the morphol. and content of synthesized Sr@ZnO nanoparticles. The Sr@ZnO nanoparticles were steadily blended with RCME20-diesel fuel blend in mass fractions of 30, 60 and 90 ppm using a magnetic stirrer and ultrasonication process. For a long term stability of nanoparticles, Cetyl trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant was added. The physicochem. properties of the fuel blends were measured using ASTM standards The CRDI engine was operated at two compression ratios 17.5 and 19.5, 1000 bar injection pressure, 23.5°BTDC injection timing and constant speed. For enhanced swirl and turbulence, and improved spray quality lateral swirl combustion chamber and 6-hole fuel injector were used. The compression ratio of 19.5 and 60 ppm of Sr@ZnO nano-additives showed overall enhancement in engine characteristics compared to RCME20 fuel. The engine characteristics such as BTE, HRR and cylinder pressure increased by 20.83%, 24.35% and 9.55%, and BSFC, ID, CD, smoke, CO, HC and CO2 reduced by 20.07%, 20.64%, 14.5%, 27.90%, 47.63%, 26.81%, and 34.9%, while slight increase in NOx for all nanofuel blends was observed

Energy (Oxford, United Kingdom) published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Application In Synthesis of 111-11-5.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Li, Han published the artcileTowards developing high-fidelity yet compact skeletal mechanisms: An effective, efficient and expertise-free strategy for systematic mechanism reduction, SDS of cas: 110-42-9, the main research area is dodecane skeletal mechanism combustion computational fluid dynamics.

This study explored the potential of integrating reduction methods with different features for systematic mechanism reduction Based on our two recently developed/optimized reduction methods, sensitivity anal. method and unimportant reaction elimination, a generalized strategy for systematic reduction of large detailed mechanisms was proposed. This strategy was firstly used to reduce the detailed mechanism for n-dodecane containing 2,115 species. A compact skeletal mechanism with 150 species was obtained, and close agreement with the detailed mechanism was achieved. Next, the detailed mechanism for a three-component biodiesel surrogate with 3,299 species was successfully reduced to a skeletal one with 179 species. Extensive validations were performed to show the high fidelity of the obtained skeletal mechanism. After demonstrating the effectiveness and reduction capability of the proposed strategy, its efficient and expertise-free features were elaborated. This strategy not only greatly lowers the threshold for reducing large detailed mechanisms, but also significantly saves the computational cost and human time effort in mechanism reduction process, while exhibiting satisfactory reduction capability to generate high-fidelity yet compact skeletal mechanisms.

Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, SDS of cas: 110-42-9.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yilmaz, Nadir published the artcileFormation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and regulated emissions from biodiesel and n-butanol blends containing water, Synthetic Route of 929-77-1, the main research area is polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission biodiesel engine butanol water blend; Diesel engine; Higher alcohol; Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Renewable fuel; Toxicity.

To increase the use of biofuels in diesel engines and reduce harmful emissions emitted from diesel fuel, biodiesel and higher alcs. are fuel sources at the forefront of research. The aim of this study is to understand the effect of water-containing n-butanol-biodiesel blends on regulated emissions, emphasizing nitrogen oxides (NOx) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are harmful for the environment and engine durability. 10% n-butanol (B90Bu10) and 10% n-butanol-1% water (B89Bu10W1) were blended with 89% waste-oil biodiesel and tested in a diesel engine at four engine loads at a constant engine speed. PAH samples were analyzed using gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results showed B100, B90Bu10 and B89Bu10W1 blends increased break specific fuel consumption (BSFC), exhaust gas temperatures (EGT), carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions. However, NOx emissions significantly decreased using butanol and butanol-water blends. Compared to diesel, biodiesel and blended fuels significantly reduced total PAHs and PAH toxicity up to 75.0%. However, B89Bu10W1 increased total PAH and PAH toxicity by 35.7%. Overall, the biodiesel-butanol blend, which emits less carcinogenic pollutants and low-cyclic PAHs than water-containing fuel, was found to reduce the risk of wetstacking in diesel engines operating under low loads.

Journal of Hazardous Materials published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Synthetic Route of 929-77-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhang, Xiaoyuan published the artcileHigh-Temperature Pyrolysis and Combustion of C5-C19 Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAMEs): A Lumped Kinetic Modeling Study, COA of Formula: C9H18O2, the main research area is pyrolysis combustion fatty acid methyl ester lumped kinetic model.

In the effort to mitigate the depletion of fossil fuels and climate change, biodiesels are considered to be one of the most suitable substitutes for petro-diesel in compression ignition engine applications. As a follow up to prior modeling studies for gasoline and jet surrogate fuel components (Zhang, X.; Mani Sarathy, S. Fuel, 2021, 286, 119361), this work proposes a lumped kinetic model for both saturated and unsaturated C5-C19 fatty acid Me esters (FAMEs) based on the same methodol. The present lumped model includes 52 FAME fuel components, covering a wide range of biodiesel surrogate fuel components, as well as components typically found in biodiesels. This methodol. decouples the combustion of FAME fuels into two stages: the pyrolysis of fuel mols. and the oxidation of pyrolysis intermediates. Lumped reaction steps are used to describe the (oxidative) pyrolysis of each fuel mol., while a detailed model (Aramcomech 2.0) is adopted as the base mechanism to describe the subsequent conversion of these key intermediates. Rate rules adopted for all the FAME fuels are consistent. The present lumped model is validated against exptl. data from 20 pure FAMEs and six diesel/biodiesel surrogates, including around 130 sets of validation data. In general, the present lumped model satisfactorily captures most of these validation targets. This lumped model performs comparably with the detailed models developed in the literature under combustion conditions. Combined with the lumped model for 50 hydrocarbon fuels developed in previous work by this group, the lumped kinetic model for FAME fuels developed here can be used to predict the pyrolysis and combustion chem. of diesel/biodiesel surrogates in CFD simulations after necessary model reduction for the base model. Also, the stoichiometric parameters of the lumped reactions for various pure FAMEs can be used as the database for data science study in FGMech development for real biodiesels.

Energy & Fuels published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, COA of Formula: C9H18O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Niculescu, Rodica published the artcileOn the determination of the distillation curve of fatty acid methyl esters by gas chromatography, SDS of cas: 929-77-1, the main research area is fatty acid methyl ester distillation curve determination gas chromatog.

Given the increased concern for environmental protection and the need for finding viable alternatives for replacing fossil fuels in internal combustion engines, the research carried out in the recent past on the use of biodiesel has increased. Out of the physico-chem. characteristics of fuels, the volatility has a great influence on the combustion process. It is therefore important to accurately obtain all the data related to the volatility of the fuels. A way to assess the fuel’s volatility is the distillation curve (DC). The simplest way to determine DC is at atm. pressure. However, for low volatility fuels such as biodiesel, atm. distillation is not indicated, therefore, using of alternative methods is needed. One method that can be used in this case is the determination of the boiling range distribution by gas chromatog. (GC). The GC equipment used for this purpose is specifically designed for this aim, meaning that the determination of DC by the GC itself is a given or standard feature of the equipment. However, in many labs, such specifically designed GC equipment is not available. In this context, the paper aims at providing a GC based method for finding the b.ps. of fatty acid methyl-esters (FAME) on standard FID based GC instrument for those researchers wishing to add new capabilities to their existing GC instruments. To validate the method, five different samples of pure biodiesel were analyzed, and the results obtained by applying this method were confirmed by comparison with the distillation curve obtained via vacuum distillation

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, SDS of cas: 929-77-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wu, Gang published the artcileA realistic skeletal mechanism for the oxidation of biodiesel surrogate composed of long carbon chain and polyunsaturated compounds, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is biodiesel oxidation long carbon chain polyunsaturated compound.

To obtain a realistic reduced reaction model for the combustion of biodiesel in compression ignition engine, the heavy Me esters with long carbon chain and polyunsaturated degree were used to characterize real biodiesel fuel in this study. Me palmitate (MHD), Me stearate (MOD), Me linoleate (MOD9D12D), methyl-5-decenoate (MD5D) and n-decane were selected as the surrogate of biodiesel. A skeletal mechanism with 187 species and 982 reactions was developed for the oxidation of biodiesel surrogate using the decoupling methodol. The mechanism was partitioned into three, including the relatively simplified fuel-related sub-mechanism, the ester group-related sub-mechanism, and the detailed core sub-mechanism during the construction process. It was validated by zero-dimensional ignition delay for each component in biodiesel surrogate under variable conditions. The predicted outcomes are in concordance with the exptl. information, which preliminarily verifies the effectiveness and accuracy of the mechanism. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics code coupled with the mechanism was subsequently utilized to simulate engine combustion. The findings show that the combustion characteristics of biodiesel are robustly replicated, portraying that the newly developed biodiesel mechanism can be assuredly used in the practical engine simulation.

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Daridon, Jean-Luc published the artcileSpeed of Sound, Density, and Related Thermophysical Properties of the Methyl Caprate + Methyl Oleate Binary System from 0.1 MPa to 70 MPa at 303.15 K, Quality Control of 110-42-9, the main research area is methyl caprate oleate binary system thermophys property.

In this work, we reported values of speed of sound and d. of the Me caprate + Me oleate binary system over the whole composition range from 0% to 100% for pressures ranging from 0.1 MPa to 70 MPa and at 303.15 K. A pulse-echo technique working by reflection was used to measure the speed of sound w at 3 MHz. A vibrating U-tube densimeter was used to obtain d. data. From the combination of both these measurements, the isothermal and isentropic compressibilities were determined Finally, the speed of sound mol. weight product and the mol. compressibility Κm, also known as Wada’s constant, were calculated and represented as function of molar fraction in order to determine the best combining rule for predicting the speed of sound of the mixture from pure Fatty Acid Me Ester properties.

International Journal of Thermophysics published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Quality Control of 110-42-9.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Wenyu published the artcileAutoignition study of methyl decanoate using a rapid compression machine, Safety of Methyl decanoate, the main research area is autoignition methyl decanoate rapid compression.

Me decanoate (MD), a widely used surrogate of biodiesels, was investigated for its autoignition characteristics using a heated rapid compression machine (RCM). In this study, the ignition delay times (IDTs) of MD were measured at the compressed pressures of 5-20 bar, equivalence ratios varying from 0.53 to 1.60 and compressed temperatures of 633-855 K. An obvious two-stage ignition behavior was observed at low temperatures and typical neg. temperature coefficient (NTC) phenomenon of total IDT was exptl. captured. The influences of compressed pressure, fuel and oxygen content, and nitrogen concentration on ignition delay times were systematically studied. The simulation results of Herbinet’s mechanism and Grana’s mechanism under variable volume simulation were compared with the exptl. data. It is found that the two mechanisms qual. predict the autoignition features of MD but still need further optimization. In addition, reaction pathway anal. and sensitivity anal. were conducted to offer further insight into the low-to-intermediate temperature autoignition chem. of MD.

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Safety of Methyl decanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kuti, Olawole Abiola published the artcileSpray combustion simulation study of waste cooking oil biodiesel and diesel under direct injection diesel engine conditions, SDS of cas: 110-42-9, the main research area is spray combustion simulation waste cooking oil biodiesel diesel engine.

Spray combustion characteristics of waste cooking oil biodiesel (WCO) and conventional diesel fuels were simulated using a RANS (Reynolds Averaged Navier Stokes) based model. Surrogates were used to represent WCO and diesel fuels in simulations. N-tetradecane (C14H30) and n-heptane (C7H16) were used as surrogates for diesel. Furthermore for WCO, surrogate mixtures of Me decanoate, methyl-9-decenoate and n-heptane were used. Thermochem. and reaction kinetic data (115 species and 460 reactions) were implemented in the CFD code to simulate the spray and combustion processes of the two fuels. Validation of the spray liquid length, ignition delay, flame lift-off length and soot formation data were performed against previous published exptl. results. The modeled data agreed with the trends obtained in the exptl. data at all injection pressures. Further investigations, which were not achieved in previous experiments, showed that prior to main ignition, a first stage ignition (cool flame) characterized by the formation formaldehyde (CH2O) species at low temperature heat release occurred. The main ignition process occurred at high temperature with the formation of OH radicals. Furthermore, it was observed that the cool flame played a greater role in stabilizing the downstream lifted flame of both fuels. Increase in injection pressure led to the cool flame location to be pushed further downstream. This led to flame stabilization further away from the injector nozzle. WCO had shorter lift-off length compared to diesel as a result of its cool flame which being closer to the injector. Soot formation followed similar trends obtained in the experiments

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, SDS of cas: 110-42-9.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yuan, Mingxia published the artcileMethylcyclohexyl methacrylate-methacrylate copolymers: an effective cold flow improver for the biodiesel blends, Recommanded Product: Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate, the main research area is biodiesel blend methylcyclohexyl methacrylate copolymer cold flow improver.

The poor cold flow property is one of the main obstacle factors in affecting the utilization of high proportion biodiesel blends in engines. In this study, methylcyclohexyl methacrylate-methacrylate copolymers (MCHMA-R1MC, R1 = C12, C14, C16, C18) were synthesized at various molar ratios by radical polymerization, and their structures were analyzed and characterized by FTIR, GPC, and 1H NMR. These resulting copolymers were used as the cold flow improvers for biodiesel/diesel blends in terms of cold filter plugging point (CFPP) and solid point (SP) measurement. Results showed that the CFPP and SP of B20 decreased to a varied extent after MCHMA-R1MC treatment. When the monomer ratio of was 1:7, MCHMA-C14MC (1:7) exhibited the greatest reduction on the CFPP and SP of B20 by 18 °C and 25 °C at 2000 ppm dosage. The effects of MCHMA-R1MC copolymers on crystallization behavior and morphol. were studied through polarizing optical microscope, differential scanning calorimetry and viscosity-temperature curves. The results indicated that MCHMA-C14MC could effectively delay the aggregation of wax crystals and change their crystalline behavior by changing the crystal shapes and inhibiting the formation of large wax crystals and then lower the low-temperature viscosity of biodiesel blends; therefore, MCHMA-C14MC has proven to be a high-effective cold flow improver for the biodiesel blends.

Research on Chemical Intermediates published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 142-90-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate, and the molecular formula is C16H30O2, Recommanded Product: Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics