Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Mohd. Hussin, Fathin Najihah Nor published the artcileTaguchi design-assisted immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase onto a ternary alginate/nanocellulose/montmorillonite composite: Physicochemical characterization, thermal stability and reusability studies, COA of Formula: C7H12O3, the main research area is Candida rugosa lipase immobilization nanocellulose; Alginate; Candida rugosa lipase; Enzyme immobilization; Montmorillonite; Nanocellulose; Taguchi optimization.

Biomass from oil palm frond leaves (OPFL) is an excellent reservoir of lignocellulosic material which full potential remains untapped. This study aimed to statistically optimize the covalent immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) onto a ternary support comprised of OPFL derived nanocellulose (NC) and montmorillonite (MMT) in alginate (ALG) (CRL-ALG/NC/MMT). The coarser topol. and the presence of characteristic spherical globules in the field emission scanning electron micrographs and at. force micrographs, resp., supported the existence of CRL on ALG/NC/MMT. In addition, amide peaks at 3478 and 1640 cm-1 in the fourier transform IR spectra affirmed that CRL was covalently bonded to ALG/NC/MMT. The optimized Taguchi Design-assisted immobilization of CRL onto ALG/NC/MMT (7 h of immobilization, 35°C, pH 5, 7 mg/mL protein loading) gave a production yield of 92.89% of Et levulinate (EL), as proven by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometric ([M] +m/z 144, C7H12O3), FTIR and NMR (CAS-539-88-8) data. A higher optimal reaction temperature (50°C) and the reusability of CRL-ALG/NC/MMT for up to 9 esterification cycles substantiated the appreciable structural rigidification of the biocatalyst by ALG/NC/MMT, which improved the catalytic activity and thermal stability of the lipase.

Enzyme and Microbial Technology published new progress about Diutina rugosa. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, COA of Formula: C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chen, Qincao published the artcileAroma formation and dynamic changes during white tea processing, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is aroma compound white tea withering drying; Amino acid; Aroma; GC × GC-TOFMS; Glycosidically bound volatile; White tea.

The formation of and dynamic changes in aroma during white tea processing have not previously been systematically investigated. In this study, advanced comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatog.-time-of-flight mass spectrometry was employed to investigate the mechanism of white tea aroma formation. A total of 172 volatiles were identified and mainly comprising endogenous volatiles, which displayed diverse change trends during the withering period. In this process, free aroma precursor amino acids and glycosidically bound volatiles (GBVs) were found to contribute to the formation of white tea aroma, with the differential expression of aroma-related key genes accounting for various accumulation of endogenous volatiles and GBVs. In addition, the drying was also shown to play an important role in the formation of white tea aroma. Our study provides the first characterization of white tea aroma formation and establishes a theor. basis for quality control during white tea processing operations.

Food Chemistry published new progress about Drying process. 140-11-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Benzyl acetate, and the molecular formula is C9H10O2, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Utrilla-Vazquez, Marycarmen published the artcileAnalysis of volatile compounds of five varieties of Maya cocoa during fermentation and drying processes by Venn diagram and PCA, Synthetic Route of 106-32-1, the main research area is volatile compound maya cocoa during fermentation drying processes; 2-Heptanone (PubChem CID: 8051); 2-Methylbutanal (PubChem CID: 7284); 2-Nonanone (PubChem CID: 13187); Acetophenone (PubChem CID: 7410); Benzeneacetaldehyde (PubChem CID: 998); Benzonitrile (PubChem CID: 7505); Cocoa beans; Criollo and Trinitario; Fermented and unfermented; Furfural (PubChem CID: 7362); Isobutyl benzoate (PubChem CID: 61048); Trimethylpyrazine (PubChem CID: 26808); Volatile profile, aromatic quality; β-Myrcene (PubChem CID: 31253).

Fermented cocoa beans can be described as a complex matrix that integrates the chem. history of beans, their processing, and environmental factors. This study presents an anal. that aims to identify volatile compounds of five varieties of fine-aroma cocoa types. The cocoa types studied were Carmelo, Rojo Samuel, Lagarto, Arcoiris, Regalo de Dios, that grow in the Maya lands of Chiapas, Mexico. Profile of volatile compounds was obtained from each cacao type during fermentation and drying process. This profile of volatile compounds also was compared with beans unfermented, using a statistical anal. of Venn diagram and a multivariate Anal. of Principal Components (PCA). One hundred nine different compounds were identified by SPME-HS GC-MS, these compounds mainly related to desirable aromatic notes generated by esters, aldehydes, ketones, and alcs. The differences in chem. composition of the volatile compounds were associated mainly with the process and not to cocoa varieties. Fermented dry cocoa beans showed a higher content of esters, aldehydes, pyrazines, alcs., some acids, and furans where Lagarto (CL), Rojo Samuel (CR), and Regalo de Dios (TRD) cocoas type showed a more interesting aromatic profile. On the other hand, as expected dry unfermented cocoas presented a few numbers of aroma compounds, in the five cacao types, where alcs., ketones and hydrocarbons predominated.

Food Research International published new progress about Drying process. 106-32-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C10H20O2, Synthetic Route of 106-32-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Utrilla-Vazquez, Marycarmen published the artcileAnalysis of volatile compounds of five varieties of Maya cocoa during fermentation and drying processes by Venn diagram and PCA, Formula: C9H10O2, the main research area is volatile compound maya cocoa during fermentation drying processes; 2-Heptanone (PubChem CID: 8051); 2-Methylbutanal (PubChem CID: 7284); 2-Nonanone (PubChem CID: 13187); Acetophenone (PubChem CID: 7410); Benzeneacetaldehyde (PubChem CID: 998); Benzonitrile (PubChem CID: 7505); Cocoa beans; Criollo and Trinitario; Fermented and unfermented; Furfural (PubChem CID: 7362); Isobutyl benzoate (PubChem CID: 61048); Trimethylpyrazine (PubChem CID: 26808); Volatile profile, aromatic quality; β-Myrcene (PubChem CID: 31253).

Fermented cocoa beans can be described as a complex matrix that integrates the chem. history of beans, their processing, and environmental factors. This study presents an anal. that aims to identify volatile compounds of five varieties of fine-aroma cocoa types. The cocoa types studied were Carmelo, Rojo Samuel, Lagarto, Arcoiris, Regalo de Dios, that grow in the Maya lands of Chiapas, Mexico. Profile of volatile compounds was obtained from each cacao type during fermentation and drying process. This profile of volatile compounds also was compared with beans unfermented, using a statistical anal. of Venn diagram and a multivariate Anal. of Principal Components (PCA). One hundred nine different compounds were identified by SPME-HS GC-MS, these compounds mainly related to desirable aromatic notes generated by esters, aldehydes, ketones, and alcs. The differences in chem. composition of the volatile compounds were associated mainly with the process and not to cocoa varieties. Fermented dry cocoa beans showed a higher content of esters, aldehydes, pyrazines, alcs., some acids, and furans where Lagarto (CL), Rojo Samuel (CR), and Regalo de Dios (TRD) cocoas type showed a more interesting aromatic profile. On the other hand, as expected dry unfermented cocoas presented a few numbers of aroma compounds, in the five cacao types, where alcs., ketones and hydrocarbons predominated.

Food Research International published new progress about Drying process. 140-11-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Benzyl acetate, and the molecular formula is C9H10O2, Formula: C9H10O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhang, Shuaifeng published the artcileFluorescence enhancement of quantum dots from the titanium dioxide/liquid crystals/polymer composite films, Application In Synthesis of 142-90-5, the main research area is quantum dot titania liquid crystal polymer composite film fluorescence.

The fluorescence enhancement of QDs-doped TiO2/polymer, LCs/polymer, and TiO2/LCs/polymer composite systems was comparatively studied. It was proposed that the large photoluminescence enhancement of QDs was induced by the synergistic effect of LCs/polymer composite and TiO2 nanoparticles possessing 150 nm particle size and 0.1 wt% loading content. The enhancement factor of QDs-doped TiO2/LCs/polymer nanocomposite film was approx. 6-fold relative to the QDs-doped polymer. Moreover, this nanocomposite film enabled to realize elec. tuning of photoluminescence intensity and be prepared by a facile UV polymerization and large-scale manner. Furthermore, the excellent mech. properties nearly remained unchanged doping 0.1 wt% TiO2 in this LCs/polymer composite.

Liquid Crystals published new progress about Electric field. 142-90-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate, and the molecular formula is C16H30O2, Application In Synthesis of 142-90-5.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhou, Le published the artcileSwitchable anti-peeping film for liquid crystal displays from polymer dispersed liquid crystals, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is antipeeping film polymer dispersed liquid crystal.

Liquid crystals displays (LCDs) currently dominate the display market, wherein a wide viewing angle is considered as one of the most important characteristics. However, for LCDs with wide viewing angles, some private information inevitably becomes more visible; thus, an LCD with a switchable viewing angle has attracted greater interest. Here, we report a novel switchable viewing angle film that can make the viewing angle of an LCD elec. switchable between ±30° and ±60°, i.e. between an anti-peeping mode and a share mode, by 5.0 V is turned on and off, resp. The response time necessary to change between the modes is in milliseconds. It is believed that it has potential applications in LCDs with high quality.

Liquid Crystals published new progress about Electric field. 142-90-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate, and the molecular formula is C16H30O2, Related Products of esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Florido, Priscila M. published the artcileStudy of FAME model systems: Database and evaluation of predicting models for biodiesel physical properties, Computed Properties of 110-42-9, the main research area is biodiesel FAME system database evaluation predicting model.

The present paper reports a viscosity and d. unpublished database of systems formed for fatty acid Me esters (FAMEs), leading to 426 exptl. data points of each property. Kay’s mixing rule and Grunberg-Nissan equation were used to estimate data and the group contribution models GC-VOL and GC-UNIMOD were used to predict d. and viscosity, resp. For surface tension, parameters of a Wilson modified equation were adjusted and tested in systems with composition similar to biodiesel. D. estimations resulted in global average relative deviations (ARD) of 0.02%, 0.07% and 0.15% for Kay’s mixing rule weighted in mass and molar fractions, and GC-VOL model, resp. For viscosities, GC-UNIMOD was the most accurate model with global ARD of 5.17%. The surface tension prediction resulted in global ARD minor than 7.00%. These results are an important tool to improve the biodiesel production, its modeling and simulation.

Renewable Energy published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Computed Properties of 110-42-9.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Oprescu, Elena-Emilia published the artcileSynthesis and evaluation of levulinic ester as biodiesel additives, COA of Formula: C7H12O3, the main research area is TiO2 La2O3 levulinic ester biodiesel additive.

In this study, the SO42-/TiO2-La2O3-Fe2O3 catalyst was prepared and tested in the conversion of fructose to Et levulinate. The catalyst was characterized from the point of view of the textural anal., FT-IR anal., acid strength distribution, X-ray powder diffraction and pyridine adsorption IR spectra. The influence of the reaction parameters on the Et levulinate yield was study. The maximum yield of 37.95% in levulinate esters was obtained at 180°C, 2 g catalyst and 4 h reaction time. The effect of Et levulinate addition to diesel-biodiesel blend in different rates, i.e, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5 (w.t %) on d., kinematic viscosity and flash point was evaluated and compared with the European specification.

Revista de Chimie (Bucharest, Romania) published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, COA of Formula: C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zaki, Ayman H. published the artcileSodium titanate nanotubes for efficient transesterification of oils into biodiesel, Product Details of C9H18O2, the main research area is sodium titanate nanotube oil biodiesel transesterification; Cooked oil; FAME; Heterogeneous catalyst; Kinetics; Mechanism; Modeling.

In this work, sodium titanate nanotubes were prepared by a hydrothermal method for 23 h at 160°C and characterized by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), field emission SEM (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) methods, and Fourier transform IR (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The obtained nanotubes were used as catalysts in the transesterification of pure and cooked oils under different exptl. conditions (molar ratio, temperature, catalyst weight, and time). The catalyst showed high efficiency depending on the chosen conditions. The biodiesel yield was found to be 95.9% at 80°C for 2 h. The catalyst also showed high activity for cooked oil conversion, with yields of 96.0, 96.0, and 93.58% for the first, second, and third uses of oil, resp. The methanol was recycled and used in another transesterification experiment, and the biodiesel yield reached 91%. D. functional theory, Monte Carlo simulation, and mol. dynamics simulation were employed to clearly understand the transesterification mechanism. The transesterification reaction is represented by a pseudo-first-order kinetics model. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].

Environmental Science and Pollution Research published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Product Details of C9H18O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Alviso, Dario published the artcileChemical kinetic mechanism for diesel/biodiesel/ethanol surrogates using n-decane/methyl-decanoate/ethanol blends, Product Details of C11H22O2, the main research area is diesel biodiesel ethanol n decane methyl decanoate chem kinetic.

Abstract: Diesel-biodiesel-ethanol blends have been the focus of research in engines, as biodiesel and ethanol additives can lower pollutant emissions while maintaining diesel performance. To facilitate modeling and anal., those complex fuels are often substituted by simplified surrogate fuels, composed of only a few well-characterized mols., but displaying similar properties compared to the fuel that they represent. In this context, the objective of this paper is to develop and validate a new chem. reaction mechanism for diesel-biodiesel-ethanol surrogate fuels. n-Decane and methyl-decanoate (MD) were chosen as the diesel and biodiesel surrogates, resp., as they are frequently used in the literature. As the available reduced methyl-decanoate models do not reproduce the neg. temperature coefficient behavior found in auto-ignition delay experiments, the detailed MD model of Dievart et al. was reduced using DRGEP. This last model was then combined with the reduced n-decane model due to Chang et al. and that of ethanol due to Marinov. Validations are performed on 0D constant-volume auto-ignition by comparing auto-ignition delay times and 1D freely propagating gaseous premixed flame configurations by analyzing laminar flame speeds, using the original single component kinetic models, against the combined surrogate kinetic models, and exptl. results found in the literature. Laminar flame speeds of n-decane/methyl-decanoate/ethanol blends are also presented.

Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Product Details of C11H22O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics