Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Aung, Wai Thet published the artcileProduction, physicochemical investigations, antioxidant effect, and cellular uptake in Caco-2 cells of the supersaturable astaxanthin self-microemulsifying tablets, Application of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate, the main research area is Caco cell astaxanthin microemulsion tablet antioxidant cellular physicochem property; Antioxidant activity; Astaxanthin; Caco-2 cells; Self-microemulsifying tablets; Spray drying.

The purpose of this study was to develop astaxanthin (AST)-loaded self-microemulsifying drug delivery system (SMEDDS) tablets and evaluate their physicochem. and biol. properties. The optimized liquid (L)-AST SMEDDS formulation was composed of rice bran oil (33.67%), Kolliphor RH 40 (34.70%), and Span 20 (31.63%). Two types of hydrophilic polymers (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, HPMC, and polyvinyl alc., PVA) solutions were selected as a precipitation inhibitor for AST and incorporated into L-AST SMEDDS to obtain supersaturation and enhance dissolution of AST. The formulation was then mixed with microcrystalline cellulose and subsequently transformed to solid S-AST SMEDDS particles using a spray dryer prior to direct compression into tablets. The HPMC AST SMEDDS tablet and PVA AST SMEDDS tablet were characterized for their physicochem. properties, dissolution, AST release, and stabilities. Moreover, the cellular uptake and antioxidant effect of AST SMEDDS tablets were evaluated in Caco-2 cells. With good tablet characters, both HPMC AST SMEDDS tablet and PVA AST SMEDDS tablet dissolution profiles were improved compared to that of raw AST. While initially less than 50% of AST released from HPMC AST SMEDDS tablet and PVA AST SMEDDS tablet in pH 1.2 medium, after 6 h more than 98% of AST releases in pH 6.8 were achieved which was similar to L-AST SMEDDS profile. Cellular antioxidant activities of L-AST SMEDDS and HPMC AST SMEDDS tablet & PVA AST SMEDDS tablet were significantly greater than pure AST powder. HPMC AST SMEDDS tablet showed better uptake and deeper penetration through Caco-2 cells than that in PVA AST SMEDDS tablet and pure powder. Our successfully developed AST SMEDDS tablets were demonstrated to be a potential platform to deliver highly lipophilic AST and improve permeation and bioavailability.

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences published new progress about Antioxidants. 2044-85-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate, and the molecular formula is C24H14Cl2O7, Application of 2′,7′-Dichloro-3-oxo-3H-spiro[isobenzofuran-1,9′-xanthene]-3′,6′-diyl diacetate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Gavril, Georgiana-Luminita published the artcileInfluence of medicinal and aromatic plants into risk assessment of a new bioactive packaging based on polylactic acid (PLA), Name: Ethyl pentadecanoate, the main research area is Melissa Salvia leaf bioactive packaging polylactic acid; Active packaging; Lemon balm; Migration; Polylactic acid; Risk assessment; Sage.

A new biodegradable antioxidant active packaging for food applications based on antioxidants from medicinal and aromatic plants incorporated into a polylactic acid matrix was designed and developed. Melt blending processing technique was applied to prepare polylactic acid films loaded by sage and lemon balm leaves. Antioxidant properties of developed active films were investigated using the following methods- 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), 2,2-diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)hydrazyl and a home-made generator of hydroxyl radicals. In addition, reducing power and total phenolic content of polylactic acid films were checked. The results of antioxidant capacity showed that percentage of hydroxylation for active film with lemon balm and sage was 55.5% ± 0.1% and 67.4% ± 0.3%, resp. The reducing power of active films increased 8 times in comparison to the blank samples. Moreover, extensive investigation of influence of sage and lemon balm leaves on material safety and type of migrants was performed using migration assays. The composition of both non-volatile and volatile compounds of different active packaging films was compared with neat polylactic acid film. Three different food simulants such as 95% (volume/volume) ethanol, 10% (volume/volume) ethanol and 3% (w/v) acetic acid were checked. It was shown that the addition of sage and lemon balm leaves into a polylactic acid structure decreased the migration of both linear and cyclic polylactic acid oligomers, currently not legislated by European Union. Besides, total absence or decrease of migration of volatile compounds were observed when using the active films. Both thermal and mech. properties of films were also evaluated.

Food and Chemical Toxicology published new progress about Antioxidants. 41114-00-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl pentadecanoate, and the molecular formula is C17H34O2, Name: Ethyl pentadecanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhang, Xiaokang published the artcileEnhanced the effects on improving the cold flow properties and oxidative stability of diesel-biodiesel blends by grafting antioxidant on PMA type pour point depressant, Application of Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate, the main research area is polymethacrylate diesel biodiesel blend oxidative stability pour point depressant.

The commercialization and popularization of biodiesel are mainly restricted by the utilization in cold areas and long-term storage due to the poor low-temperature fluidity and oxidation stability. In order to synchronously improve the low-temperature fluidity and oxidation stability of biodiesel, a bifunctional polymethacrylate (PMA) type copolymer was synthesized by grafting amine antioxidant 1-phenylnaphthylamine onto PMA originally. The grafted copolymers showed excellent performance in reducing the cold filter plugging point (CFPP) and pour point (PP) of B20 (20 vol% soybean biodiesel +80 vol% diesel fuel) and the maximum reduction were 13 and 10°C resp. at the addition of 1500 ppm, which exhibited lower values of 5-8°C and 4-6°C resp. than un-grafted copolymers. The induction period (IP) of B20 treated with 2000 ppm of grafted copolymers was prolonged by 17 h compared with pure B20. In addition, the attenuation of the cold flow properties of B20 samples during the oxidation process was studied, and the mechanism of bifunctional copolymer to improve the properties of B20 was explored.

Fuel Processing Technology published new progress about Antioxidants. 142-90-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate, and the molecular formula is C16H30O2, Application of Dodecyl 2-methylacrylate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chi, Yunyang published the artcileChemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oil of Chinese Propolis, Name: Benzyl acetate, the main research area is propolis essential oil antioxidant; antioxidant activity; bioactive compounds; essential oil; flavors and fragrances; propolis.

The chem. composition and in vitro antioxidant activity of the essential oil of propolis (EOP) collected from 25 locations in China was investigated. Steam-distillation extraction was used to extract the EOP, and chem. composition was identified by GC/MS. The antioxidant activities of EOP were also measured. The result showed that a total of 406 compounds were detected in EOP. The major compounds of Chinese EOP were cedrol, γ-eudesmol, benzyl alc., phenethyl alc., 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, 3,4-dimethoxystyrene and guaiol. Principal component anal. revealed the significant correlation between EOP compositions and their origins, and certain correlation was detected between EOP and their color. Linear discriminant anal. showed that 88% and 84% of the propolis samples were predicted correctly as the groupings identified by climatic zone and the color, resp. Furthermore, the differences of antioxidant activities of EOP were significant. EOP of Shandong had the strongest antioxidant activities, whereas EOP of Guangdong, Yunnan and Hunan showed the poorest.

Chemistry & Biodiversity published new progress about Antioxidants. 140-11-4 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Benzyl acetate, and the molecular formula is C9H10O2, Name: Benzyl acetate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mora-Gutierrez, Adela published the artcileMixed Biopolymer Systems Based on Bovine and Caprine Caseins, Yeast β-Glucan, and Maltodextrin for Microencapsulating Lutein Dispersed in Emulsified Lipid Carriers, Name: Methyl octanoate, the main research area is caprine casein yeast glucan maltodextrin microencapsulating lutein lipid carrier; biopolymers; emulsified lipid carriers; lutein; microencapsulation; spray drying; storage stability.

Lutein is an important antioxidant that quenches free radicals. The stability of lutein and hence compatibility for food fortification is a big challenge to the food industry. Encapsulation can be designed to protect lutein from the adverse environment (air, heat, light, pH). In this study, we determined the impact of mixed biopolymer systems based on bovine and caprine caseins, yeast β-glucan, and maltodextrin as wall systems for microencapsulating lutein dispersed in emulsified lipid carriers by spray drying. The performance of these wall systems at oil/water interfaces is a key factor affecting the encapsulation of lutein. The highest encapsulation efficiency (97.7%) was achieved from the lutein microcapsules prepared with the mixed biopolymer system of caprine αs1-II casein, yeast β-glucan, and maltodextrin. Casein type and storage time affected the stability of lutein. The stability of lutein was the highest (64.57%) in lutein microcapsules prepared with the mixed biopolymer system of caprine αs1-II casein, yeast β-glucan, and maltodextrin, whereas lutein microcapsules prepared with the biopolymer system of bovine casein, yeast β-glucan, and maltodextrin had the lowest (56.01%). The stability of lutein in the lutein microcapsules dramatically decreased during storage time. The antioxidant activity of lutein in the lutein microcapsules was closely associated with the lutein concentration

Polymers (Basel, Switzerland) published new progress about Antioxidants. 111-11-5 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl octanoate, and the molecular formula is C9H18O2, Name: Methyl octanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mora-Gutierrez, Adela published the artcileMixed Biopolymer Systems Based on Bovine and Caprine Caseins, Yeast β-Glucan, and Maltodextrin for Microencapsulating Lutein Dispersed in Emulsified Lipid Carriers, Computed Properties of 110-42-9, the main research area is caprine casein yeast glucan maltodextrin microencapsulating lutein lipid carrier; biopolymers; emulsified lipid carriers; lutein; microencapsulation; spray drying; storage stability.

Lutein is an important antioxidant that quenches free radicals. The stability of lutein and hence compatibility for food fortification is a big challenge to the food industry. Encapsulation can be designed to protect lutein from the adverse environment (air, heat, light, pH). In this study, we determined the impact of mixed biopolymer systems based on bovine and caprine caseins, yeast β-glucan, and maltodextrin as wall systems for microencapsulating lutein dispersed in emulsified lipid carriers by spray drying. The performance of these wall systems at oil/water interfaces is a key factor affecting the encapsulation of lutein. The highest encapsulation efficiency (97.7%) was achieved from the lutein microcapsules prepared with the mixed biopolymer system of caprine αs1-II casein, yeast β-glucan, and maltodextrin. Casein type and storage time affected the stability of lutein. The stability of lutein was the highest (64.57%) in lutein microcapsules prepared with the mixed biopolymer system of caprine αs1-II casein, yeast β-glucan, and maltodextrin, whereas lutein microcapsules prepared with the biopolymer system of bovine casein, yeast β-glucan, and maltodextrin had the lowest (56.01%). The stability of lutein in the lutein microcapsules dramatically decreased during storage time. The antioxidant activity of lutein in the lutein microcapsules was closely associated with the lutein concentration

Polymers (Basel, Switzerland) published new progress about Antioxidants. 110-42-9 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl decanoate, and the molecular formula is C11H22O2, Computed Properties of 110-42-9.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zheng, Hongyan published the artcileSynthesis of methyl glycolate via low-temperature hydrogenation of dimethyl oxalate over an efficient and stable Ru/activated carbon catalyst, Synthetic Route of 623-50-7, the main research area is ruthenium activated carbon catalyst dimethyl oxalate hydrogenation methyl glycolate.

Syngas to di-Me oxalate (DMO) followed by hydrogenation to Me glycolate (MG) is considered to be an environmentally friendly and economical route. However, the catalyst with super performance and low cost for this route is still challenging. In this work, a simple and low-lost fabrication method was developed to prepare a Ru/activated carbon (AC) catalyst and was used for DMO hydrogenation to MG under mild reaction conditions. The Ru/AC catalyst showed the best performance in the low-temperature hydrogenation of DMO to MG compared to Ru/SiO2 and Ru/Al2O3. A series of characterization results showed that the super catalytic properties of Ru/AC catalyst might be attributed to the higher dispersion of Ru on support and its smallest nanoparticles size, weak surface acidity and electron-deficient state of Ru species. The key parameters such as Ru loading, temperature, weight hourly space velocity, and pressure, were comprehensively investigated. MG selectivity of 94.6% with DMO conversion of 97.2% were obtained over the 4.0 Ru/AC catalyst at 90°C. The 4.0Ru/AC catalyst showed excellent stability and there was no obvious deactivation after 1032 h test. The Ru/AC catalyst is effective for the DMO hydrogenation to MG under mild conditions and has great promise for industrial applications because of its low cost, simple preparation, high efficiency, and long life. 2022 Society of Chem. Industry (SCI).

Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology published new progress about Hydrogenation. 623-50-7 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 2-hydroxyacetate, and the molecular formula is C4H8O3, Synthetic Route of 623-50-7.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Yazhou published the artcileEffect of Phosphorus Precursor, Reduction Temperature, and Support on the Catalytic Properties of Nickel Phosphide Catalysts in Continuous-Flow Reductive Amination of Ethyl Levulinate, Formula: C7H12O3, the main research area is nickel phosphide ethyl levulinate reductive amination catalyst; N-alkyl-5-methyl-2-pyrrolidone; ethyl levulinate; flow reactor; molecular hydrogen; nickel phosphide; phosphorus precursor; reduction temperature; reductive amination; support effect.

Levulinic acid and its esters (e.g., Et levulinate, EL) are platform chems. derived from biomass feedstocks that can be converted to a variety of valuable compounds Reductive amination of levulinates with primary amines and H2 over heterogeneous catalysts is an attractive method for the synthesis of N-alkyl-5-methyl-2-pyrrolidones, which are an environmentally friendly alternative to the common solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). In the present work, the catalytic properties of the different nickel phosphide catalysts supported on SiO2 and Al2O3 were studied in a reductive amination of EL with n-hexylamine to N-hexyl-5-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (HMP) in a flow reactor. The influence of the phosphorus precursor, reduction temperature, reactant ratio, and addition of acidic diluters on the catalyst performance was investigated. The Ni2P/SiO2 catalyst prepared using (NH4)2HPO4 and reduced at 600°C provides the highest HMP yield, which reaches 98%. Although the presence of acid sites and a sufficient hydrogenating ability are important factors determining the pyrrolidone yield, the selectivity also depends on the specific features of EL adsorption on active catalytic sites.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences published new progress about Nanoparticles. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Formula: C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Barbaro, Pierluigi published the artcileSustainable Catalytic Synthesis for a Bio-Based Alternative to the Reach-Restricted N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone, Formula: C7H12O3, the main research area is aquivion support platinum heterogeneous catalyst preparation nanostructure; ethyl levulinate heptylamine platinum catalyst one pot reductive amination; methyl pyrrolidone preparation.

A variety of bifunctional catalysts are prepared combining immobilized metal nanoparticles and acid solid materials featuring Lewis or Bronsted acidity was reported. The catalytic systems are tested in the reductive amination of bio-derived levulinates with primary amines, using hydrogen as clean reducing agent, to obtain N-substituted-5-methyl-2-pyrrolidones, which were proposed as substitutes for the widely used, REACH-restricted solvent N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. The overall process was studied in depth to identify the best combination of metal and acid functionalities to be used in one-pot and one stage. Pt immobilized onto the Bronsted solid acid Aquivion is shown to be the most efficient catalyst, with a productivity of N-heptyl-5-methyl-2-pyrrolidone of 7.9 mmolgcat-1 h-1 reached at full conversion and 98.6% selectivity, under 120°C, 4 bar H2 pressure and solvent-free conditions.

Advanced Sustainable Systems published new progress about Nanoparticles. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Formula: C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Mocny, Piotr published the artcileSynthesis of Loop Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Brushes via Chain-End Postpolymerization Modification, Application In Synthesis of 86549-27-1, the main research area is polymethyl methacrylate brush postpolymn.

Polymer brushes are typically densely grafted assemblies of polymer chains that are tethered via one end group to a solid substrate. Anchoring linear polymer chains via both end groups to a surface results in loop-type polymer brushes. Although loop polymer brushes have been shown to be able to outperform their linear, single-chain-end tethered analogs, for example, with respect to the prevention of biofouling or reducing friction, this brush architecture has received only relatively limited attention. Loop-type polymer brushes are mostly prepared following grafting-onto approaches using α,ω-heterobifunctional polymers. Grafting-from strategies, so far, have been rarely explored, but could further expand the range of accessible polymer mol. weights and brush grafting densities and allow the preparation of surface-attached polymer loops from a wider scope of monomers. This manuscript reports an alternative grafting-from strategy for the preparation of loop-type poly(Me methacrylate) (PMMA) brushes. The strategy presented here starts with the preparation of linear polymer grafts using conventional surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization The free chain-ends of the linear PMMA grafts are modified with an allyl group and subsequently subjected to a metathesis reaction to induce loop closure. The formation of the loop PMMA brushes was monitored by gel permeation chromatog. anal. after cleavage of the polymer from the silica nanoparticles.

Macromolecules (Washington, DC, United States) published new progress about Nanoparticles. 86549-27-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 2,2-dimethylpent-4-enoate, and the molecular formula is C9H16O2, Application In Synthesis of 86549-27-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics