Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Changes in Physicochemical Properties and Volatile Compounds of Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) Calyx during Different Drying Methods was written by Juhari, Nurul Hanisah;Martens, Helle Jakobe;Petersen, Mikael Agerlin. And the article was included in Molecules in 2021.Category: esters-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

Fresh roselle are high in moisture and deteriorate easily, which makes drying important for extending shelf-life and increasing availability. This study investigated the influence of different drying methods (oven-drying, freeze-drying, vacuum-drying, and sun-drying) on the quality of roselle calyx expressed as physicochem. properties (moisture content, water activity, soluble solids, color), volatile compounds, and microstructure. Oven-drying and freeze-drying reduced moisture content most while vacuum-drying and sun-drying were not as efficient. All drying methods except sun-drying resulted in water activities low enough to ensure safety and quality. Vacuum-drying had no impact on color of the dry calyx and only small impact on color of water extract of calyx. Drying reduced terpenes, aldehydes, and esters but increased furans. This is expected to reduce fruity, floral, spicy, and green odors and increase caramel-like aroma. Sun-drying produced more ketones, alcs., and esters. SEM revealed that freeze-drying preserved the cell structure better, and freeze-dried samples resembled fresh samples most compared to other drying techniques. The study concludes that freeze-drying should be considered as a suitable drying method, especially with respect to preservation of structure. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120鎺?C閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 and O閳ユ弲閳ユ彊 angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C閳ユ彊閳ユ弲 bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

High-temperature stabilization of polypropylene using hindered phenol-thioester stabilizer combinations, Part 1: Optimization and efficacy via nondust blends was written by Allen, Norman S.;Jones, Andrew P.;Liauw, Christopher M.;Edge, Michele;Keck-Antoine, Klaus;Yeo, Joeng-Ho. And the article was included in Journal of Vinyl and Additive Technology in 2021.Synthetic Route of C73H108O12 This article mentions the following:

The thermal degradation of unstabilized polypropylene has been investigated under long-term processing (twin extruder) and thermal aging at 150 鎺矯, with additive concentration studies on combinations of an established hindered phenolic antioxidant (pentaerythritol tetrakis (3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate) [S1010]) and two popular thioesters (distearyl-3,3閳?thiodipropionate [DSTDP] and didodecyl-3,3閳?thiodipropionate [DLTDP]) using melt flow rate, carbonyl index and powder diffuse reflectance IR Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) (FTIR), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) (oxidation induction time [OIT]) and ultimate embrittlement time (Fracture) on injection-molded test pieces. It was found that 20:80 phenol:thioester ratios provided the best long-term thermal stability (LTTS); however, this was the reverse for processing stabilization (80:20), underlining the antioxidant nature of the two stabilizers (long term vs. melt). Melt preblending of the stabilizers (to form a no-dust blend) gave rise to improved LTTS. DRIFTS FTIR indicated that there was an improvement in preblending the additives, which removed any volatile impurities. Increased additive dispersion and localized potential efficacy in the stabilization cycle is important, as well as possible improved addition of the additives to the extruder rather than fine powder. The data are discussed in relation to the long-term stabilization of polypropylene in high-temperature applications such as under the bonnet of automobiles where minimizing stabilizer losses and maximizing synergy are important. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8Synthetic Route of C73H108O12).

2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Synthetic Route of C73H108O12

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Direct authentication of three Chinese materia medica species of the Lilii Bulbus family in terms of volatile components by headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry was written by Yuan, Zhi-ying;Qu, Hao-yu;Xie, Meng-zhou;Zeng, Guang;Huang, Hui-yong;Ren, Fang;Chen, Nai-hong. And the article was included in Analytical Methods in 2019.Product Details of 868-57-5 This article mentions the following:

Juandan-Baihe (Lilium lancifolium Thunb.), Lanzhou-Baihe (Lilium davidii var. unicolor), and Jin-Baihe (Lilium trompeten) are of the same family, but of different genera. They have often been used in Chinese Materia Medica (CMM) as Lilii Bulbus in the Chinese market. These three species of CMM are often confused, and thus, for better application, they must be accurately identified. Herein we use a headspace-gas chromatog.-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) technique as a screening system to authenticate the three species of CMM. The obtained ion mobility data were processed using LAV processing software to identify fingerprints and perform principal component anal. (PCA). From the fingerprints, fifty peaks, for 36 compounds, were identified, among which 3-methylbutanal was the most abundant in Lilium lancifolium Thunb. (JD), butanone was the most abundant in Lilium davidii var. unicolor (LZ), and 3-methylbutanoic acid and 2-heptanone were the most abundant in Lilium trompeten (WP). All three species have a characteristic area in the fingerprint containing their characteristic biomarker. The PCA for the initial solution to original variables showed that the two principal components accounted for 53% and 21% of the total variance. This research is aimed at establishing a green, rapid method based on HS-GC-IMS to provide scientific data for discrimination between Lilii Bulbus from different species. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5Product Details of 868-57-5).

Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Product Details of 868-57-5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

An L-glutaminase enzyme reactor based on porous bamboo sticks and its application in enzyme inhibitors screening was written by Qiao, Juan;Zhao, Liping;Liu, Lili;Qi, Li. And the article was included in Talanta in 2019.HPLC of Formula: 27249-90-7 This article mentions the following:

Inspired by the porous and fibrous structure of com. available bamboo, herein we created an L-glutaminase enzyme reactor based on bamboo sticks. The enzyme was immobilized onto the bamboo sticks through a glutaraldehyde modification to achieve covalent bonding. The enzymic hydrolysis efficiency of the prepared L-glutaminase@bamboo sticks based porous enzyme reactor was evaluated by chiral ligand exchange capillary electrochromatog. using L-glutamine as the substrate. L-Glutaminase@bamboo exhibited improved enzymic hydrolysis performances, including high hydrolysis efficiency (maximum rate V_max: two fold higher than the free enzyme), prolonged stability (14 days) and good reusability. L-Glutaminase@bamboo sticks also expanded application capability in pharmaceutical industry in enzyme inhibitor screening. These excellent properties could be attributed to the micropores of bamboo sticks, which led to the fast enzymic kinetics. The results suggest that the pores of bamboo sticks played an important role in the proposed enzyme reactor during the hydrolysis of L-glutamine and L-glutaminase inhibitor screening. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7HPLC of Formula: 27249-90-7).

Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.HPLC of Formula: 27249-90-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Selective monomethyl esterification of linear dicarboxylic acids with bifunctional alumina catalysts was written by Santacroce, Veronica;Bigi, Franca;Casnati, Alessandra;Maggi, Raimondo;Storaro, Loretta;Moretti, Elisa;Vaccaro, Luigi;Maestri, Giovanni. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2016.Electric Literature of C13H24O4 This article mentions the following:

An environmentally friendly protocol for the selective protection of dicarboxylic acids OHC(O)(CH₂)_nC(O)OH (n = 2, 4, 6, 7, 10) was reported using methanol as a cheap esterifying agent and alumina as a heterogeneous catalyst; the selectivity of the process has been ascribed to a balanced acidity/basicity of the bifunctional alumina catalyst. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0Electric Literature of C13H24O4).

12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Electric Literature of C13H24O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Optically transparent bio-based polyamides with microcellular foaming properties derived from renewable difunctional aminoamides was written by Ranganathan, Palraj;Chen, Yu-Hao;Rwei, Syang-Peng;Lee, Yi-Huan. And the article was included in Journal of Applied Polymer Science in 2022.Application of 106-79-6 This article mentions the following:

A green approach for the synthesis of bio-based polyamides (PAs) with a new macromol. structure was developed. These bio-based PAs were synthesized by solvent and catalyst-free polycondensation combining fatty dimer acid Pripol 1009 with new difunctional aminoamides (DAAs). The later DAAs building blocks were synthesized by aminolysis of renewable di-Me sebacate (DMS) and di-Me adipate (DMA) with 3 different aliphatic diamines having diverse chain lengths, 2, 4, and 6 carbons. Bio-based PAs showed M_w up to 30,581 g/mol, initial thermal degradation over 380鎺? T_m from 168.3-202.4鎺矯, T_g from 28.3-37.5鎺矯, strain from 36.4 鍗?.0-313.5 鍗?.0%, and tensile strength up to 27.4 鍗?.1 MPa. All the PAs films had excellent optical transparency with cut-off wavelengths of 276.0-283.0 nm, transmittance from 82.7%-90.7% at 600 nm. As a proof-of-concept of their usage, 1 of the PA can form microcellular foam by the green scCO₂ method. The foams possessed uniform (cell size; 40娓璵, foam d.; 0.265 g/cm³, expansion rate; 7.2) and bimodal (cell size; 24/38娓璵, foam d.; 0.302 g/cm³, expansion rate; 6.5) cell textures depending on their foaming temperatures This is the first report of bio-based PA foams and transparent films manufacturing without toxic solvents. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6Application of 106-79-6).

Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Application of 106-79-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Aggregation behaviour of poly(fluoro(meth)acrylate)-block-poly(acrylic acid) copolymers at the air /water interface was written by Grigoreva, Alexandra;Tarankova, Kseniia;Zamyshlyayeva, Olga;Zaitsev, Sergey. And the article was included in Journal of Polymer Research in 2021.Safety of Benzyl benzodithioate This article mentions the following:

The formation of monolayers of poly(fluoro(meth)acrylate)-b-poly(acrylic acid) (PFA-b-PAA) amphiphilic diblock copolymers at the air/water interface was characterized with the Langmuir film balance technique and at. force microscopy. Both internal and external effects on the aggregation behavior of the amphiphilic copolymers were considered. The structure of fluorinated hydrophobic part, as an internal factor, affects the surface behavior of the amphiphilic copolymers through changes in the packing d. of the hydrophobic core. The morphol. of the LB films of all the three copolymers exhibit circular micelles with the hydrophobic core and hydrophilic coronas. The variation in pH and ionic strength leads to changes in charge distribution of PAA coronas. The surface area occupied by the PFA-b-PAA copolymers decrease with the rise of pH of subphase. The increase in salt concentration provides for the reduction of electrostatic repulsion between the hydrophilic blocks. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7Safety of Benzyl benzodithioate).

Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Safety of Benzyl benzodithioate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Determination of 18 phthalate plasticizers in waste cotton by solid phase extraction gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was written by Tie, Jiancheng;Liu, Rui;Long, Zhixin;Liu, Jun;Zhu, Peng. And the article was included in Fenxi Shiyanshi in 2021.Application In Synthesis of Dicyclohexyl phthalate This article mentions the following:

A solid phase extraction-gas chromatog. tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-GC/MS) method was established for the anal. of 18 phthalate plasticizers in waste cotton. The research results showed that when the sample was extracted with Et acetate-n-hexane (1: 3, V/V), enriched and purified with the HC-C₁₈ solid phase extraction column, separated with the HP-5 MS capillary column, analyzed with the selected ion scanning (SIM) mode and external standard method for quantification, good linear relationships were found for 18 plasticizers in the range of 0.1-10 娓璯/mL (DIHP, DINP, DIDP were 0.5-50 娓璯/mL). The correlation coefficient was 0.9959-1.0000, the detection limit was 0.051-1.73 娓璯/g, and the quantification limit was 0.24-6.94 娓璯/g, resp. At the spiked levels of 0.2, 1, and 5 娓璯/mL, the recoveries of the 18 plasticizers were 82.2-104.7%, and the intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviations were 1.1-7.9% and 0.8-8.3%, resp. This method is suitable for the anal. of phthalate plasticizers in waste cotton. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7Application In Synthesis of Dicyclohexyl phthalate).

Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Application In Synthesis of Dicyclohexyl phthalate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Thin thermo-responsive polymer films onto the pore system of chromatographic beads via reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization was written by Roohi, Farnoosh;Titirici, Maria-Magdalena. And the article was included in New Journal of Chemistry in 2008.Electric Literature of C14H12S2 This article mentions the following:

Mesoporous silica beads modified with an azo initiator were used for grafting of a thermo-responsive polymer (poly-N-isopropylacrylamide, PNIPAAM) through reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) mediated polymerization The RAFT mediation allowed an efficient control of the grafting process and led to suppression of the solution propagation preventing any visible gel formation. The resulting composites were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption anal., elemental anal., transmission and SEM and as thermo-responsive stationary phases in chromatog. The resulting material proved to be efficient for the separation of a mixture of five hydrophobic steroids and the retention time and efficiency of separation improved with increasing the column temperature above the lowest critical solution temperature of PNIPAAM. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7Electric Literature of C14H12S2).

Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Electric Literature of C14H12S2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Silver-mediated annulation between 5-H-1,2,3-thiadiazoles and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds to construct polysubstituted furans was written by Feng, Mengxia;Jiang, Huanfeng;Huang, Liangbin. And the article was included in Organic Chemistry Frontiers.Recommanded Product: 13669-10-8 This article mentions the following:

An efficient synthesis of polysubstituted furans I [R = Ph, furan-2-yl, 4-MeSC₆H₄, etc.; R¹ = Me, i-Pr, Ph, etc.; R² = CN, C(O)Me, C(O)OEt, etc.] by Ag(I)-mediated annulation between 5-H-1,2,3-thiadiazoles and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds was reported. The methodol. was characterized by availability of starting materials, good functional group tolerance, and the successful construction of heterocycle-substituted furans. The utilization of this method was evidenced by the gram-scale synthesis and further elaboration of the product. In addition, preliminary control experiments ruled out the formation of an alkynyl silver intermediate. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate (cas: 13669-10-8Recommanded Product: 13669-10-8).

Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate (cas: 13669-10-8) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Recommanded Product: 13669-10-8

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics