Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Synthesis of 4,5-Diaryl-1H-pyrazole-3-ol Derivatives as Potential COX-2 Inhibitors was written by Patel, Meena V.;Bell, Randy;Majest, Sandra;Henry, Rodger;Kolasa, Teodozyj. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2004.Computed Properties of C10H11FO2 This article mentions the following:

4,5-Diaryl-1H-pyrazole-3-ol was utilized as a versatile template to synthesize several classes of compounds such as pyrazolooxazines, pyrazolobenzooxazines, pyrazolooxazoles, and annulated pyrazolooxazoles as potential COX-2 inhibitors. The pyrano- and thiopyranopyrazolooxazoles were successfully synthesized with use of pyridinium p-toluenesulfonate mediated cyclization of ketal intermediates. Diarylpyrazolobenzooxazepine analogs were synthesized by using Cu-mediated cyclization of O-alkylated aryl bromide intermediate. Arylsulfonamides were synthesized efficiently on a large scale with the 4-[4-(4-fluorophenyl)-5-hydroxy-2H-pyrazol-3-yl]benzenesulfonamide template readily synthesized from com. available 4-sulfamoylbenzoic acid. The structure of a representative compound from each class was confirmed by X-ray crystallog. Selected compounds tested for inhibitory activity against COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes showed good selectivity for COX-2 vs. COX-1 enzyme. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate (cas: 587-88-2Computed Properties of C10H11FO2).

Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate (cas: 587-88-2) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Computed Properties of C10H11FO2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Determination of phthalate esters in bottled beverages by direct immersion solid-phase microextraction with a porous boron nitride coated fiber followed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was written by Zang, Xiaohuan;Wang, Mengting;Chang, Qingyun;Wang, Chun;Wang, Zhi;Xu, Jianzhong. And the article was included in Journal of Separation Science in 2022.Application In Synthesis of Dicyclohexyl phthalate This article mentions the following:

A porous boron nitride with a large surface area was synthesized by a one-step grinding method with melamine, urea, and boric acid as the precursors. The prepared porous boron nitride was used as the fiber coating material for the solid-phase microextraction of seven phthalate esters (di-Et phthalate, diallyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, di-Bu phthalate, butylbenzyl phthalate, dicyclohexyl phthalate, and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate) prior to their gas chromatog.-mass spectrometric detection. The important exptl. parameters including the extraction time, extraction temperature, salt concentration, and stirring rate were optimized by both single factor and central composite design methods. Under the optimized exptl. conditions, the linear response range for the analytes was from 0.030 to 30.0娓璯/L, and the limits of detection were from 0.010 to 0.040娓璯/L, resp. The relative recoveries of the analytes for spiked samples at two concentration levels were 83.0%-109% with the relative standard deviations less than 12%. The established method was successfully applied for the determination of the phthalate esters in bottled juice beverage samples. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7Application In Synthesis of Dicyclohexyl phthalate).

Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Application In Synthesis of Dicyclohexyl phthalate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis and properties of carbamate- and amine-containing poly(phenylacetylenes) was written by Saeed, Irfan;Khan, Fareha Zafar;Shiotsuki, Masashi;Masuda, Toshio. And the article was included in Journal of Polymer Science, Part A: Polymer Chemistry in 2009.Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl (3-ethynylphenyl)carbamate This article mentions the following:

The 3- and 4-aminophenylacetylenes protected by t-butoxycarbonyl (t-Boc) and 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) groups were synthesized and polymerized using [(nbd)RhCl]₂ (I) and [(nbd)Rh⁺-鐣?sup>6-PhB^–Ph₃] catalysts. The t-Boc-containing polymers were obtained in high yield (82-91%). Among the Fmoc-protected monomers, the para-derivative polymerized well [yield = 85-94%], whereas its meta-substituted analog did not afford high mol. weight polymer in good yield [yield = 10-15%]. The use of KN(SiMe₃)₂ as a cocatalyst in conjunction with I led to a dramatic increase in the mol. weight of the polymers. The acid- and base-catalyzed removal of the t-Boc and the Fmoc groups, resp., generated primary amine-containing polymers which cannot be obtained directly by the polymerization of the corresponding monomers. The solubility characteristics of the polymers bearing protected amino groups were quite different from those of the unprotected ones, the former being soluble in polar solvents, whereas the latter displayed poor solubility even in polar protic or highly polar aprotic solvents. The attempts to accomplish the free-standing membrane fabrication by solution casting were successful only for 3-(tert-butoxycarbonylamino)phenylacetylene homopolymer, and an augmentation in the gas permeability and CO₂/N₂ permselectivity was discerned in comparison with the unsubstituted poly(phenylacetylene) and poly(m-t-butyldimethylsiloxyphenylacetylene). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, tert-Butyl (3-ethynylphenyl)carbamate (cas: 185619-66-3Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl (3-ethynylphenyl)carbamate).

tert-Butyl (3-ethynylphenyl)carbamate (cas: 185619-66-3) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Recommanded Product: tert-Butyl (3-ethynylphenyl)carbamate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

GC characterization and erectogenic enzyme inhibitory effect of essential oils from tangerine and lemon peels: A comparative study was written by Idowu Oyeleye, Sunday;Ajayi, Oluwasegun E.;Ademosun, Ayokunle O.;Oboh, Ganiyu. And the article was included in Flavour and Fragrance Journal in 2022.Safety of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate This article mentions the following:

This study comparatively evaluated inhibitory effect of essential oils (EOs) from tangerine and lemon peels on some enzymes [angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), arginase, monoamine oxidase (MAO), phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE-5), adenosine deaminase (ADA) and 5-nucleotidase] related to erectile dysfunction (ED), as well as thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARs) level in isolated Wistar albino rats penile homogenate. In addition, the chem. compositions of these EOs were characterized via gas chromatog. coupled with flame ionization detector (GC-FID). The result revealed that the studied EOs were able to inhibit these erectogenic enzymes and TBARs level in a dose-dependent manner. The EOs were found to be rich in monoterpenes hydrocarbon. However, the major constituent in both oils was D-limonene, 45.48% and 34.99% abundance in lemon and tangerine EOs, resp. Other phytoconstituents detected in substantial amounts include the following: 4-Vinyl-2-methoxyphenol (5.42% and 2.97%), N-methyl-D3-Aziridine (6.58% and 10.01%) and Xanthotoxin (12.055 and 18.7%) for lemon and tangerine EOs, resp. It is suggestive that these EOs owe their exceptional inhibitory capacities to the availability of these phytochems. Hence, their ability to inhibit ACE, AChE, arginase, MAO, PDE-5, ADA and 5-nucleotidase activities, and TBARs level could be the possible mechanism by which the studied EOs exert their therapeutic potentials in the management of ED. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3Safety of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate).

(E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Safety of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

^tBuOLi-Promoted Hydroboration of Esters and Epoxides was written by Shi, Yinyin;Wang, Yue;Huang, Zhefan;Zhang, Fangjun;Shao, Yinlin. And the article was included in ACS Omega in 2022.Reference of 19432-68-9 This article mentions the following:

Com. available and inexpensive lithium tert-butoxide (tBuOLi) acts as a good precatalyst for the hydroboration of esters, lactones, and epoxides using pinacolborane as a borylation agent. Functional groups such as cyano-, nitro-, amino-, vinyl, and alkynyl are unaffected under the presented hydroboration process, representing high chemoselectivity. This transformation has also been effectively applied to the synthesis of key intermediates of Erlotinib and Cinacalcet. Preliminary investigations of the mechanism show that the hydroboration proceeds through the in situ formed BH₃ species. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9Reference of 19432-68-9).

Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Reference of 19432-68-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Theoretical and practical investigations of copper ion selective electrode with polymeric membrane based on N,N’-(2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diyl)-bis(dihydroxyacetophenone) was written by Ghanei-Motlagh, Masoud;Taher, Mohammad Ali;Saheb, Vahid;Fayazi, Maryam;Sheikhshoaie, Iran. And the article was included in Electrochimica Acta in 2011.Name: Dimethyl decanedioate This article mentions the following:

A novel ion-selective poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) membrane sensor for Cu²⁺ ions based on N,N’-(2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diyl)-bis(dihydroxyacetophenone) (NDHA) as a new ionophore was prepared and studied. The best performance was observed for the membrane composition, including 30:65:1:4 (wt%) = PVC:DBP:KTpClPB:NDHA. The electrode showed a good Nernstian slope of 30.0 鍗?0.5 mV/decade in a wide linear range activity of 3.0 鑴?10^-7 to 1.0 鑴?10^-2 mol dm^-3 Cu(NO₃)₂ with limit of detection 2.5 鑴?10^-7. Sensor exhibited a fast response time (t _95% < 10 s) and could be used for 閳? mo in the pH range of 3.0-7.4. The proposed potentiometric sensor was found to work satisfactorily in partially nonaqueous media up to 30 (vol%) content of MeOH, EtOH and acetone. Applications of this electrode for the determination of Cu in real samples, and as an indicator electrode for potentiometric titration of Cu²⁺ ion using EDTA, are reported. To predict the extraction ability of NDHA for different metallic ions, [M(NDHA)] and [M(H₂O)₆] (M = Cu²⁺, Co²⁺, Hg²⁺, Pb²⁺, Ag⁺, Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Mn²⁺, Zn²⁺, Cd²⁺, K⁺ and Al³⁺) were studied using ab initio theor. calculations The metal binding capability was evaluated using the binding energy. Results of the authors’ study could be useful for prediction of the extraction power of this Schiff base and could play a guiding role in planning experiments In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6Name: Dimethyl decanedioate).

Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Name: Dimethyl decanedioate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Lectin and E. coli binding to carbohydrate-functionalized oligo(ethylene glycol)-based microgels: effect of elastic modulus, crosslinker and carbohydrate density was written by Schroeer, Fabian;Paul, Tanja J.;Wilms, Dimitri;Saatkamp, Torben H.;Jaeck, Nicholas;Mueller, Janita;Strzelczyk, Alexander K.;Schmidt, Stephan. And the article was included in Molecules in 2021.SDS of cas: 4163-60-4 This article mentions the following:

The synthesis of carbohydrate-functionalized biocompatible poly oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate microgels and the anal. of the specific binding to Con A (ConA) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) is shown. By using different crosslinkers, the microgels閳?size, d. and elastic modulus were varied. Given similar mannose (Man) functionalization degrees, the softer microgels show increased ConA uptake, possibly due to increased ConA diffusion in the less dense microgel network. Furthermore, although the microgels did not form clusters with E. coli in solution, surfaces coated with mannose-functionalized microgels are shown to bind the bacteria whereas galactose (Gal) and unfunctionalized microgels show no binding. While ConA binding depends on the overall microgels閳?d. and Man functionalization degree, E. coli binding to microgels閳?surfaces appears to be largely unresponsive to changes of these parameters, indicating a rather promiscuous surface recognition and sufficiently strong anchoring to few surface-exposed Man units. Overall, these results indicate that carbohydrate-functionalized biocompatible oligo(ethylene glycol)-based microgels are able to immobilize carbohydrate binding pathogens specifically and that the binding of free lectins can be controlled by the network d. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4SDS of cas: 4163-60-4).

(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.SDS of cas: 4163-60-4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis, structural activity-relationships, and biological evaluation of novel amide-based allosteric binding site antagonists in NR1A/NR2B N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors was written by Mosley, Cara A.;Myers, Scott J.;Murray, Ernest E.;Santangelo, Rose;Tahirovic, Yesim A.;Kurtkaya, Natalie;Mullasseril, Praseeda;Yuan, Hongjie;Lyuboslavsky, Polina;Le, Phuong;Wilson, Lawrence J.;Yepes, Manuel;Dingledine, Ray;Traynelis, Stephen F.;Liotta, Dennis C.. And the article was included in Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry in 2009.Recommanded Product: Methyl 4-(4-aminophenyl)butanoate This article mentions the following:

The synthesis and structure-activity relationship anal. of a novel class of amide-based biaryl NR2B-selective NMDA receptor antagonists are presented. Some of the studied compounds are potent, selective, non-competitive, and voltage-independent antagonists of NR2B-containing NMDA receptors. Like the founding member of this class of antagonists (ifenprodil), several interesting compounds of the series bind to the amino terminal domain of the NR2B subunit to inhibit function. Analog potency is modulated by linker length, flexibility, and hydrogen bonding opportunities. However, unlike previously described classes of NR2B-selective NMDA antagonists that exhibit off-target activity at a variety of monoamine receptors, the compounds described herein show much diminished effects against the hERG channel and 浼?sub>1-adrenergic receptors. Selections of the compounds discussed have acceptable half-lives in vivo and are predicted to permeate the blood-brain barrier. These data together suggest that masking charged atoms on the linker region of NR2B-selective antagonists can decrease undesirable side effects while still maintaining on-target potency. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 4-(4-aminophenyl)butanoate (cas: 20637-09-6Recommanded Product: Methyl 4-(4-aminophenyl)butanoate).

Methyl 4-(4-aminophenyl)butanoate (cas: 20637-09-6) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Recommanded Product: Methyl 4-(4-aminophenyl)butanoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Comparative study of three Achillea essential oils from eastern part of Turkey and their biological activities was written by Demirci, Betul;Baser, K. Husnu Can;Aytac, Zeki;Khan, Shabana I.;Jacob, Melissa R.;Tabanca, Nurhayat. And the article was included in Records of Natural Products in 2018.Product Details of 659-70-1 This article mentions the following:

Essential oils obtained by hydrodistillation were analyzed both by gas chromatog. (GC) and gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The main constituents found in Achillea oil were as follows: A. filipendulina Lam.: 43.8% santolina alc., 14.5% 1,8-cineole and 12.5% cis-chrysanthenyl acetate; A. magnifica Hiemerl ex Hub.-Mor.: 27.5% linalool, 5.8% spathulenol, 5.5% terpinen-4-ol, 4.7% 浼?terpineol and 4.7% 灏?eudesmol; A. tenuifolia Lam.: 12.4% artemisia ketone, 9.9% p-cymene, 7.1% camphor, 5.9% terpinen-4-ol, 4.7% caryophyllene oxide and 4.5% 浼?pinene. Furthermore, the Achillea essential oils were evaluated for antimalarial and antimicrobial activities. A. magnifica and A. filipendulina oils showed strong antimalarial activity against both chloroquine sensitive D6 (IC₅₀= 1.2 and 0.68 娓璯/mL) and chloroquine resistant W2 (IC₅₀= 1.1 and 0.9 娓璯/mL) strains of Plasmodium falciparum without any cytotoxicity to mammalian cells up to IC₅₀=47.6 娓璯/mL against Vero cells whereas A. tenuifolia oil showed no antimalarial activity up to a concentration of 20 mg/mL. All three Achillea oils showed no antibacterial activity against human pathogenic bacteria up to a concentration of 200 娓璯/mL. A. tenuifolia and A. magnifica oils demonstrated mild antifungal activity against Cryptococcus neoformans (IC₅₀= 45, 20 and 15 娓璯/mL, resp.). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1Product Details of 659-70-1).

Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Product Details of 659-70-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

FeCl₃-Promoted [3 + 2] Annulations of 绾?Butyrolactone Fused Cyclopropanes with Heterocumulenes was written by Feng, Manli;Yang, Pengfei;Yang, Gaosheng;Chen, Wenlong;Chai, Zhuo. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2018.Product Details of 2740-88-7 This article mentions the following:

In the presence of FeCl₃ in 1,2-dichloroethane, cyclopropane-fused 绾?lactones such as I (R = Me, Et; R¹ = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 3-MeOC₆H₄, 2-MeOC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄, 3-ClC₆H₄, 2-ClC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄; R² = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 3-MeOC₆H₄, 2-MeOC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄) underwent regio- and diastereoselective cycloadditions with isothiocyanates R³NCS (R³ = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 2-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 3-MeOC₆H₄, 2-MeOC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄, 2-ClC₆H₄, 4-FC₆H₄, 4-F₃CC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄, 3-O₂NC₆H₄, 2-O₂NC₆H₄, PhCH₂, 4-FC₆H₄CH₂, H₂C:CHCH₂, PhCH₂CH₂, Bu, cyclohexyl) and carbodiimides R⁴N:C:NR⁴ (R⁴ = cyclohexyl, i-Pr) to yield thioimidate- and amidine-containing 绾?lactones such as II (R = Me, Et; R¹ = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 3-MeOC₆H₄, 2-MeOC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄, 3-ClC₆H₄, 2-ClC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄; R² = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 3-MeOC₆H₄, 2-MeOC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄; R³ = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 2-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 3-MeOC₆H₄, 2-MeOC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄, 2-ClC₆H₄, 4-FC₆H₄, 4-F₃CC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄, 3-O₂NC₆H₄, 2-O₂NC₆H₄, PhCH₂, 4-FC₆H₄CH₂, H₂C:CHCH₂, PhCH₂CH₂, Bu, cyclohexyl) and III (R = Et; R¹ = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 3-MeOC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-ClC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄; R² = Ph, 4-MeC₆H₄, 4-MeOC₆H₄, 3-MeOC₆H₄, 2-MeOC₆H₄, 4-BrC₆H₄, 4-O₂NC₆H₄; R⁴ = cyclohexyl, i-Pr) in 93-99% and 94-99% yields, resp., as single diastereomers. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Fluorobenzylisothiocyanate (cas: 2740-88-7Product Details of 2740-88-7).

4-Fluorobenzylisothiocyanate (cas: 2740-88-7) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Product Details of 2740-88-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics