Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Retention indices of symmetric dicarboxylic acid esters was written by Lipp, S. V.;Krasnykh, E. L.;Levanova, S. V.. And the article was included in Journal of Analytical Chemistry in 2008.Reference of 1190-39-2 This article mentions the following:

Retention indexes of 28 sym dicarboxylic acid esters containing from two to six carbon atoms in the acid residue were determined exptl. The temperature dependences of the retention indexes were linear. Equations probably predict the retention indexes for sym. and mixed C2-C6 dicarboxylic acid esters. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2Reference of 1190-39-2).

malonic acid dibutyl ester (cas: 1190-39-2) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Reference of 1190-39-2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Multi-step polymer degradation kinetics using activation energy-dependent cataluminescence was written by Li, Zenghe;Feng, Jing;Tian, Rui;Lu, Chao. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2022.Synthetic Route of C73H108O12 This article mentions the following:

Understanding the mechanism of polymer degradation is vital to the development of rational strategies for polymer management. However, conventional techniques for polymer degradation evaluation rely on the determination of functional group or mol. weight, which fail to provide kinetic information on the steps for polymer degradation Herein, the degradation evolution and kinetics of polyoxymethylene (POM) are monitored using cataluminescence (CTL) dynamic curves of the generated formaldehyde. The two peaks in the CTL dynamic curves for POM under different atmospheres indicate the occurrence of different reaction pathways, dependent on the reaction kinetics and activation energies of the degradation steps. The activation energies of 31.44 and 48.14 kJ mol^-1 were attributed to the end-group rupture, and a higher activation energy of 119.52 kJ mol^-1 was responsible for the harsh oxidation reaction of POM. Therefore, we have demonstrated the capability of CTL for the real-time monitoring and effective differentiation of the degradation pathways for polymers. It is anticipated that this method will provide viable possibilities for the design of polymers with high reliability and sustainability. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8Synthetic Route of C73H108O12).

2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Synthetic Route of C73H108O12

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of salicylates from anionically activated aromatic trifluoromethyl group was written by Xie, Huilin;Lin, Chuankai;Wang, Ruixiang;Liu, Jin-Biao. And the article was included in Tetrahedron Letters in 2022.HPLC of Formula: 118-61-6 This article mentions the following:

An efficient approach to salicylates via a novel transformation of anionically activated aromatic trifluoromethyl group is described. 2-(Trifluoromethyl)phenol reacts with phenols/alcs. under alk. conditions to afford the corresponding aryl/alkyl salicylates in high yields. Mechanism studies indicated that the carbonyl oxygen atom of ester is from the H₂O in the solvent. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6HPLC of Formula: 118-61-6).

Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.HPLC of Formula: 118-61-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Inoculation of grape musts with single strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast reduces the diversity of chemical profiles of wines was written by Philipp, Christian;Bagheri, Bahareh;Horacek, Micha;Eder, Phillip;Bauer, Florian Franz;Setati, Mathabatha Evodia. And the article was included in PLoS One in 2021.Formula: C9H10O3 This article mentions the following:

Anecdotal evidence suggests that spontaneous alc. fermentation of grape juice is becoming a more popular option in global wine production Wines produced from the same grape juice by inoculation or spontaneous fermentation usually present distinct chem. and sensorial profiles. Inoculation has been associated with more similar end-products, a loss of typicity, and lower aroma complexity, and it has been suggested that this may be linked to suppression of the local or regional wine microbial ecosystems responsible for spontaneous fermentations However, whether inoculated fermentations of different juices from different regions really end up with a narrower, less diverse chem. profile than those of spontaneously fermented juices has never been properly investigated. To address this question, we used grape juice from three different varieties, Gruuner Veltliner (white), Zweigelt (red), and Pinot noir (red), originating from different regions in Austria to compare spontaneous and single active dry yeast strains inoculated fermentations of the same grape samples. The chem. anal. covered primary metabolites such as glycerol, ethanol and organic acids, and volatile secondary metabolites, including more than 40 major and minor esters, as well as higher alcs. and volatile fatty acids, allowing an in depth statistical evaluation of differences between fermentation strategies. The fungal (mainly yeast) communities throughout fermentations were monitored using automated ribosomal intergenic spacer anal. The data provide evidence that inoculation with single active dry yeast strains limits the diversity of the chem. fingerprints. The fungal community profiles clearly show that inoculation had an effect on fermentation dynamics and resulted in chem. less diverse wines. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6Formula: C9H10O3).

Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Formula: C9H10O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wheat classification according to its origin by an implemented volatile organic compounds analysis was written by De Flaviis, Riccardo;Sacchetti, Giampiero;Mastrocola, Dino. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2021.Safety of 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one This article mentions the following:

Food volatile organic compounds (VOCs) anal. is a useful tool in authentication and classification processes, but, to date, the anal. of wheat VOCs is still little explored. In this study a method of anal. based on solid phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry was optimized by testing different types of fibers, sample preparation methods and amounts, extraction temperatures and times, desorption times and oven programs. The anal. was applied to six wheat cultivars harvested in different areas, and permitted to identify 158 VOCs, of which 98 never found before. A principal component anal. performed on the dataset showed that the area of cultivation accounted for the highest source of variability. Partial least squares anal. permitted to correctly classify wheats based on their cultivation area and species, and to identify the most discriminant VOCs. These results are promising for the study of the influence of geog. origin on wheat quality. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7Safety of 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one).

5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 695-06-7) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Safety of 5-Ethyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Design, synthesis and activity study of aminopeptidase N targeted 3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-butanoic acid derivatives was written by Chen, Laizhong;Mou, Jiajia;Xu, Yingying;Fang, Hao;Xu, Wenfang. And the article was included in Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics in 2011.Reference of 87694-53-9 This article mentions the following:

A series of (2RS,3S)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-butanoic acids (AHPA) derivatives (MA0-MA7) were synthesized. The in vitro aminopeptidase N (APN) enzyme and cell proliferation assay of target compounds were investigated. The results showed that most compounds displayed potent inhibitory activities against APN, compound MA0 showed even better inhibitory effects than bestatin on both enzyme activity and HL60 cell proliferation. The FlexX docking result showed the mode of binding between MA0 and APN. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (S)-tert-Butyl (1-(methoxy(methyl)amino)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (cas: 87694-53-9Reference of 87694-53-9).

(S)-tert-Butyl (1-(methoxy(methyl)amino)-1-oxo-3-phenylpropan-2-yl)carbamate (cas: 87694-53-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Reference of 87694-53-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Effect of lactic acid bacteria and yeasts on the structure and fermentation properties of Tibetan kefir grains was written by Chen, Zhina;Liu, Tian;Ye, Tao;Yang, Xijuan;Xue, Yongzhen;Shen, Yeqiao;Zhang, Qing;Zheng, Xiaomei. And the article was included in International Dairy Journal in 2021.Reference of 659-70-1 This article mentions the following:

To better understand the effects of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and yeasts on the structure and fermentation properties of Tibetan kefir grains (TKGs), we treated TKGs for 1 mo with high doses of mycillin and cycloheximide to inhibit LAB and yeasts, resp. The results showed that in each group of TKGs, Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens was the only dominant and stable bacterial species, and it exhibited two distinct morphologies in TKGs, short rods in the LAB-inhibited group, and long rods in the yeast-inhibited and control groups, which might directly result in the inability of the grains in the LAB-inhibited group to grow further. Compared with bacteria, the relative abundance of yeasts in TKGs was very low. However, even though yeast had no effect on the structure and growth characteristics of TKGs, they had a great influence on the fermentation characteristics of Tibetan kefir, such as acid production and aroma. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1Reference of 659-70-1).

Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Reference of 659-70-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Unsymmetrical α,ω-Difunctionalized Long-Chain Compounds via Full Molecular Incorporation of Fatty Acids was written by Witt, Timo;Stempfle, Florian;Roesle, Philipp;Haeussler, Manuel;Mecking, Stefan. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2015.Product Details of 3903-40-0 This article mentions the following:

α,ω-Difunctionalized long-chain compounds A-(CH₂)_n-B are valuable intermediates and monomers. Unsym. compounds with two different functional groups (A ≠ B) are, however, only accessible by multistep traditional organic syntheses to date. We report on their generation in a single step by isomerizing alkoxycarbonylations of the double bond deep in the chain of oleic derivatives The compatibility with amide, nitrile and imide functionalities in the substrate allows for the formation with high linear selectivities (ca. 90%) and conversions (70 to 96%) of unsym. diesters, ester-amides, ester-nitriles and ester-(N-imides) in which these functional groups are terminally attached to a ≥ 17 methylene unit chain. These products further provide access to carboxylic acid-esters, alc.-esters and amino-esters, and polymers from these AB-monomers. Undesired transesterifications that scramble the A and B functionalities are suppressed completely (<0.1%) by the utilization of a Pd(II) catalyst precursor devoid of acid additives in the presence of amine base. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0Product Details of 3903-40-0).

12-Methoxy-12-oxododecanoic acid (cas: 3903-40-0) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Product Details of 3903-40-0

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Variations in Essential Oils from South Siberian Conifers of the Pinaceae Family: New Data towards Identification and Quality Control was written by Romanenko, Elena P.;Domrachev, Dmitry V.;Tkachev, Alexey V.. And the article was included in Chemistry & Biodiversity in 2022.Recommanded Product: 105-87-3 This article mentions the following:

Conifer essential oils have been used for centuries in traditional medicine, and nowadays they are of special interest for official medicine, aromatherapy and perfumery. In the present work, comprehensive information is given on the composition of essential oils prepared from the twigs of the conifer trees of the pine family (Pinaceae): Abies sibirica Ledeb., Larix sibirica Ledeb., Picea obovata Ledeb., Pinus sibirica Du Tour, Pinus sylvestris L. A total of 50 samples of essential oils have been studied. The samples were prepared during vegetation stage in the time period 1998-2012 from the growing wild trees in the South part of the Western Siberia (Russian Federation) and neighboring territories of Republic of Kazakhstan within the area with geog. coordinates LAT 49.180012-57.908583 and LON 83.213217-91.258717 at elevation of 82-2070 m above sea level. All the essential oil samples were obtained from freshly collected plant raw material by steam distillation at atm. pressure in stainless steel apparatus, which had been specially designed for field research. All the chromatog. profiles were prepared from authentic samples whose voucher specimens are deposited at the Central Siberian Botanical Garden of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (NS). The following information for each sample is provided: (1) date and location of the plant raw material collecting, indicating administrative areas and the exact geog. coordinates; (2) yield of essential oil, (3) chem. composition of the essential oil sample based on GC/MS experiments using full mass-spectra (EI, 70 eV) and linear retention indexes of the components, (4) results of GC-FID quantification based on internal standards and response factors, (5) enantiomeric composition of the main components based on GCxGC experiments using the 2nd column with cyclodextrin-based chiral selector, (6) GC profile of the high-boiling fractions indicating the characteristic sesquiterpenoids. Therefore, this study provides reliable information about the variability and true composition of the Siberian conifer oils, and the exptl. data given can serve as reference chromatog. profiles of volatile substances to solve the problems of quality, authenticity and safety. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3Recommanded Product: 105-87-3).

(E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Recommanded Product: 105-87-3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Discovering a new class of antifungal agents that selectively inhibits microbial carbonic anhydrases was written by Annunziato, Giannamaria;Giovati, Laura;Angeli, Andrea;Pavone, Marialaura;Del Prete, Sonia;Pieroni, Marco;Capasso, Clemente;Bruno, Agostino;Conti, Stefania;Magliani, Walter;Supuran, Claudiu T.;Costantino, Gabriele. And the article was included in Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry in 2018.Computed Properties of C7H8N2O2 This article mentions the following:

Infections caused by pathogens resistant to the available antimicrobial treatments represent nowadays a threat to global public health. Recently, it has been demonstrated that carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are essential for the growth of many pathogens and their inhibition leads to growth defects. Principal drawbacks in using CA inhibitors (CAIs) as antimicrobial agents are the side effects due to the lack of selectivity toward human CA isoforms. Herein we report a new class of CAIs, which preferentially interacts with microbial CA active sites over the human ones. The mechanism of action of these inhibitors was investigated against an important fungal pathogen, Cryptococcus neoformans, revealing that they are also able to inhibit CA in microbial cells growing in vitro. At our best knowledge, this is the first report on newly designed synthetic compounds selectively targeting β-CAs and provides a proof of concept of microbial CAs suitability as an antimicrobial drug target. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-aminonicotinate (cas: 14667-47-1Computed Properties of C7H8N2O2).

Methyl 2-aminonicotinate (cas: 14667-47-1) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Computed Properties of C7H8N2O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics