Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Pen G acylase catalyzed resolution of phenylacetate esters of secondary alcohols was written by Baldaro, E.;D’Arrigo, P.;Pedrocchi-Fantoni, G.;Rosell, C. M.;Servi, S.;Tagliani, A.;Terreni, M.. And the article was included in Tetrahedron: Asymmetry in 1993.Synthetic Route of C11H14O3 This article mentions the following:

Penicillin G acylase from E. coli (Pen G acylase) (EC 3.5.1.11) immobilized on Eupergit C is used for the kinetic resolution of phenylacetate esters of secondary alcs. of pharmaceutical interest. Thus, treatment of racemic esters (RS)-PhCH₂CO₂CHRR¹ (R = Me, Et, CH:CH₂, CH₂Ph, CO₂Et, CO₂Me, CH₂CH₂Cl, CH₂CO₂Et; R¹ = Me, Ph, CH₂CH₂Ph) gave chiral alcs. I in 10 to >98% enantiomeric excess. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate (cas: 15399-05-0Synthetic Route of C11H14O3).

Ethyl 2-hydroxy-3-phenylpropanoate (cas: 15399-05-0) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Synthetic Route of C11H14O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of bridgehead-substituted bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanes by radical cyclization was written by Della, Ernest W.;Knill, Andrew M.;Pigou, Paul E.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 1993.Computed Properties of C10H16O2 This article mentions the following:

A kinetic investigation shows that the rate of cyclization (k_C) of the (4-methylenecyclohexyl)methyl radical (I) at 25° is 4.4 × 10² s^-1, considerably slower than that (2.3 × 10⁵ s^-1) of the parent 5-hexenyl radical. The activation energy for the cyclization is 12.8 kcal mol^-1, which is in excellent agreement with theor. values derived from force-field calculations Ring closure of appropriately substituted (4-methylenecyclohexyl)methyl radical precursors allows the synthesis of bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl systems with useful functionality at the bridgehead to be achieved readily and in high yield. An interesting example is given of the application of an iodine-atom-transfer cyclization to the synthesis of a bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane functionalized at C-7 and C-1. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 4-methylenecyclohexanecarboxylate (cas: 145576-28-9Computed Properties of C10H16O2).

Ethyl 4-methylenecyclohexanecarboxylate (cas: 145576-28-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Computed Properties of C10H16O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cinnamomum camphora fruit peel as a source of essential oil extracted using the solvent-free microwave-assisted method compared with conventional hydrodistillation was written by Liu, Zaizhi;Li, Hualan;Zhu, Zheng;Huang, Dai;Qi, Yanlong;Ma, Chunhui;Zou, Zhengrong;Ni, Hiyan. And the article was included in LWT–Food Science and Technology in 2022.Quality Control of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate This article mentions the following:

In the present study, essential oil from Cinnamomum camphora fruit peel was first separated and characterized by GC-MS. Solvent-free microwave-assisted extraction (SFME) was performed to isolate the essential oil, and the extraction procedure was optimized using a Box-Behnken design. The optimum SFME conditions yielded 80.35 ± 1.88 mg/g of essential oil with 76% moisture content, using a microwave irradiation power of 420 W and an irradiation time of 22 min. No obvious difference was observed between phys. constants of essential oil extracted by SFME and hydrodistillation (HD). SEM micrographs demonstrated more disruption of C. camphora fruit peel cells treated with SFME than by conventional HD. SFME was proposed as an energy-saving, high-efficiency, and environmentally friendly method, as evidenced by its higher yield and volumetric mass transfer coefficient, larger proportions of oxygen compounds, lower consumption of electricity, and lower amounts of CO₂ release and water waste compared to conventional HD. The results show that a once-discarded part of C. camphora can be utilized as a source for the production of essential oil. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3Quality Control of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate).

(E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Quality Control of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Radical C-H functionalization of heteroarenes under electrochemical control was written by O’Brien, Alexander G.;Maruyama, Akinobu;Inokuma, Yasuhide;Fujita, Makoto;Baran, Phil S.;Blackmond, Donna G.. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2014.Related Products of 2199-49-7 This article mentions the following:

Electrochem. reactions are shown to be effective for the C-H functionalization of a number of heterocyclic substrates that are recalcitrant to conventional peroxide radical initiation conditions. Monitoring reaction progress under electrochem. conditions provides mechanistic insight into the C-H functionalization of a series of heterocycles of interest in medicinal chem. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (cas: 2199-49-7Related Products of 2199-49-7).

Ethyl 4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (cas: 2199-49-7) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Related Products of 2199-49-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Elucidation of the impact of different drying methods on the key odorants of Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) Roem. using the sensomics approach was written by Zhai, Xiaoting;Granvogl, Michael. And the article was included in Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry in 2020.Product Details of 868-57-5 This article mentions the following:

The sensomics approach was applied to both green and red Toona sinensis (TS) varieties dried with different methods (freeze drying, solar drying, and oven drying) to elucidate their influences on the key odorants in TS. Odorant screening via comparative aroma dilution anal. revealed eugenol with the highest flavor dilution factor in all six samples. Quantitation of 44 odorants via stable isotope dilution assays and semiquantitation of six compounds via an internal standard method showed (E,E)-, (E,Z)-, and (Z,Z)-di-1-propenyl disulfide, di-Me sulfide, β-ionone, eugenol, cis- and trans-2-mercapto-3,4-dimethyl-2,3-dihydrothiophene, 2- and 3-methylbutanal, and 2-isopropyl-3-methoxypyrazine with high odor activity values (OAVs) in all samples. Differences were found for (E,Z)-2,6-nonadienal, (E,E)-, (E,Z)-, and (Z,Z)-di-1-propenyl trisulfide, 3-methylnonane-2,4-dione, and (E)-2-hexenal with clearly higher OAVs in freeze-dried (FDTS) and solar-dried TS (SDTS) compared to those in oven-dried TS (ODTS). Linalool, 2-methoxyphenol, and 4-ethylphenol (the latter two only for red TS) were obtained with high OAVs only in FDTS. In general, ODTS showed the lowest OAVs, whereas FDTS as the gentlest drying process revealed the highest OAVs for most odorants and, consequently, the highest aroma quality. However, the overall aroma of SDTS did not differ too much from that of FDTS, and thus, solar drying as a much easier and cheaper technique might be the best choice. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5Product Details of 868-57-5).

Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Product Details of 868-57-5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Organic micropollutants and disinfection byproducts removal from drinking water using concurrent anion exchange and chlorination process was written by Li, Xiuwen;Li, Aimin;Li, Zekai;Sun, Hongfang;Shi, Peng;Zhou, Qing;Shuang, Chendong. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2021.Electric Literature of C20H26O4 This article mentions the following:

Many traditional drinking water treatment processes have limited removal efficiencies on natural organic matter (NOM) and organic micropollutants (OMPs), and thus may lead to the production of harmful disinfection byproducts (DBPs). We examined four kinds of anion exchange resins (D205, D213, NDMP-3, and M80) in conjunction with chlorination in the treatment of drinking water. Five categories including 40 OMPs at environmentally relevant concentrations were analyzed. M80 showed the best performance to remove OMPs in water. However, it was vulnerable to the presence of humic acid (HA), indicating its limitation on removing OMPs and NOM at the same time. In contrast, D205, D213, NDMP-3 resins were less affected by HA. Besides, D205, D213 and NDMP-3 provided higher efficiencies on the reduction of DBPs than M80. The amount of trihalomethanes (THMs) lowered by 42.7%, 37.6%, 32.1%, and 0%, whereas haloacetic acids (HAAs) were decreased by 34.0%, 31.2%, 23.0%, and 17.9% by D205, D312, NDMP-3, and M80. Notably, D205 showed the highest removal effects on the bromide ion, brominated THMs, and HAAs, supporting that D205 can be a selective resin for the treatment of drinking water in high bromide-containing areas. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7Electric Literature of C20H26O4).

Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Electric Literature of C20H26O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Optimization, characterization, and antibacterial activity of copper nanoparticles synthesized using Senna didymobotrya root extract was written by Sadia, Bernard Otieno;Cherutoi, Jackson Kiplagat;Achisa, Cleophas Mecha. And the article was included in Journal of Nanotechnology in 2021.Category: esters-buliding-blocks This article mentions the following:

The economic burden and high mortality associated with multidrug-resistant bacteria is a major public health concern. Biosynthesized copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) could be a potential alternative to combat bacterial resistance to conventional medicine. This study for the first time aimed at optimizing the synthesis conditions (concentration of copper ions, temperature, and pH) to obtain the smallest size of CuNPs, characterizing and testing the antibacterial efficacy of CuNPs prepared from Senna didymobotrya (S. didymobotrya) roots. Extraction was done by the Soxhlet method using methanol as the solvent. Gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) anal. was performed to identify compounds in S. didymobotrya root extracts Box-Behnken design was used to obtain optimal synthesis conditions as determined using a particle analyzer. Characterization was done using UV-visible (UV-Vis), particle size analyzer, X-ray diffraction, zeta potentiometer, and Fourier transform IR (FT-IR). Bioassay was conducted using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test. The major compounds identified by GC-MS in reference to the NIST library were benzoic acid, thymol, N-benzyl-2-phenethylamine, benzaldehyde, vanillin, phenylacetic acid, and benzothiazole. UV-Vis spectrum showed a characteristic peak at 570 nm indicating the formation of CuNPs. The optimum synthesis conditions were temperature of 80±C, pH 3.0, and copper ion concentration of 0.0125 M. The FT-IR spectrum showed absorptions in the range 3500-3400 cm^-1 (N-H stretch), 3400-2400 cm^-1 (O-H stretch), and 988-830 cm^-1 (C-H bend) and peak at 1612 cm^-1 (C=C stretch), and 1271 cm^-1 (C-O bend). Cu nanoparticle sizes were 5.55-63.60 nm. The zeta potential value was -69.4 mV indicating that they were stable. The biosynthesized nanoparticles exhibited significant antimicrobial activity on Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with the zone of inhibition diameters of 26.00 ± 0.58 mm and 30.00 ± 0.58 mm compared to amoxicillin clavulanate (standard) with inhibition diameters of 20 ± 0.58 mm and 28.00 ± 0.58 mm, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9Category: esters-buliding-blocks).

5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Controlled Synthesis of Methacrylic Acid-Methyl Acrylate Copolymers and Their Properties at Various Interfaces was written by Zamyshlyayeva, O. G.;Ionychev, B. N.;Frolova, A. I.;Baten’kin, M. A.;Simonova, M. A.;Kopylova, N. A.;Zaitsev, S. D.;Semchikov, Yu. D.. And the article was included in Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry in 2019.Electric Literature of C14H12S2 This article mentions the following:

Conditions were found for controlled reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer radical polymerization to obtain narrow-dispersity gradient methacrylic acid-Me acrylate copolymer (Mn = 1.59 × 10⁴). A copolymer of similar composition and mol. mass (M_n = 1.81 × 10⁴) with random distribution of units was obtained by radical copolymerization in the presence of dodecyl mercaptan. The behavior of the gradient and random copolymers, each containing ∼14 mol% methacrylic acid units, was studied in solutions, Langmuir monolayers, and Langmuir-Blodgett films. Several ranges of the existence of associates and micelles, preserved upon transfer in a Langmuir-Blodgett film, were revealed for the narrow-dispersity copolymer at the water-air interface depending on pH of the subphase. Associates in the form of ribbon structures and mol. ensembles of nanometric size (network structure with loop-like fragments) are observed in the AFM images of Langmuir-Blodgett films of the gradient and random copolymers, resp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7Electric Literature of C14H12S2).

Benzyl benzodithioate (cas: 27249-90-7) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Electric Literature of C14H12S2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Effect of an active β-nucleating agent on the crystallization behavior of polypropylene random copolymer was written by Zhang, Xixiang;Tang, Fan;Lv, Wei;Wu, Hang;He, Xuelian;Zhao, Shicheng. And the article was included in Journal of Polymer Research in 2022.Quality Control of 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) This article mentions the following:

There are few com. available β-nucleating agents (β-NAs) that can induce Polypropylene random copolymer (PPR) to produce large amounts of β-crystals at present. In this work, we discover that the Zinc Suberate (ZnSA) can effectively induce the formation of β-crystals for PPR and the relative β-crystals content (Kβ) can reach 0.82 when 0.2wt% ZnSA is added. The incorporation of ZnSA significantly decrease the size of spherulite and increase the crystallization rate, which are revealed by polarized optical microscopy (POM) images. Then, the effects of ZnSA on the isothermal and non-isothermal crystallization behavior of PPR at ultra-fast cooling rates and heating rates were investigated by Flash-DSC. Through the isothermal crystallization process, a bimodal relationship between the peak crystallization time and temperature was obtained. When the isothermal crystallization temperature is higher than 36°C, ZnSA significantly increases the crystallization rate of PPR. According to the non-isothermal crystallization, we discover that the addition of ZnSA inhibits the formation of mesophase and the low cooling rate (< 10°C·s^-1) is more beneficial for the formation of β-crystals for PPR. In addition, β-crystals are not suitable to be characterized by rapid heating rate (> 300°C·s^-1) because β-crystals and α-crystals are not distinguished at rapid heating rate. This work is beneficial for deeply understanding the influence of β-NAs on crystallization behavior of PPR and providing guidance for the optimization of industrial production processes. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8Quality Control of 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate)).

2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Quality Control of 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate)

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Synthesis of carbon-14-labeled p-[N,N-bis(2-chloroethyl)aminophenyl]butyric acid was written by Moreau, Jean;Madelmont, Jean C.. And the article was included in Journal of Labelled Compounds in 1974.Computed Properties of C11H15NO2 This article mentions the following:

p-(ClCH2CH2)2-NC6H4(CH2)3CO2H is labeled with 14C on 3 different positions: on the carbon bearing the carboxylic function by means of K14CN; uniformly on the 4 carbons of the 2 chloroethyl groups by means of labeled ethylene oxide; on the vicinal carbon of the carboxylic function by means of K14CN. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 4-(4-aminophenyl)butanoate (cas: 20637-09-6Computed Properties of C11H15NO2).

Methyl 4-(4-aminophenyl)butanoate (cas: 20637-09-6) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Computed Properties of C11H15NO2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics