Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Preparation and Properties of a Modified Fe₂O₃ Pigment for Dope Dyeing Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) Fibers by Melt Spinning was written by Wang, Xiaochun;Zhang, Liping;Liu, Ming;Zhang, Jianfei;Zhao, Guoliang. And the article was included in Fibers and Polymers in 2021.Reference of 6683-19-8 This article mentions the following:

The poor compatibility between a Fe₂O₃ pigment and a blend of ultrahigh mol. weight polyethylene (UHMWPE)/polyolefin (PO) can result in low spinnability and poor mech. properties of the resulting fiber. This study modifies the surface of a Fe₂O₃ pigment with a titanate coupling agent for dope dyeing melt-spun UHMWPE fiber. The effects of the coupling agent dose, reaction temperature and reaction time on the surface properties of the pigments are investigated. In addition, the characteristics of the UHMWPE blend and colored fibers (by dope dyeing with modified and unmodified Fe₂O₃ pigments) are compared. Notably, 3 weight% coupling agent in regard to the pigments mass, a coupling agent to toluene mass ratio of 1:5, a reaction time of 30 min, and a reaction temperature of 80°C achieve the optimal results, which are a 48.4% lipophilic degree of the modified pigment, a zeta potential of 48.4 mV, and a contact angle of 144.3°. Moreover, SEM images and torque results of the blend melt show that the compatibility between the Fe₂O₃ pigment and UHMWPE/PO blend is significantly enhanced. With an increasing pigment content, the mech. properties of the colored fibers decrease, and the K/S values of the colored fibers increase. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8Reference of 6683-19-8).

2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Reference of 6683-19-8

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship study on gas chromatographic retention index of the fragrance compounds of Liliumspp was written by Jiao, Long;Wang, Yuan;Tai, Wenliang;Liu, Huanhuan;Xue, Zhiwei;Wang, Yanzhao. And the article was included in Sepu in 2020.Application of 118-61-6 This article mentions the following:

Quant. structure-activity relationship models on the gas chromatog. retention index of the 38 volatile fragrance compounds of Liliumspp were investigated and established by comparative mol. field anal. (CoMFA) and comparative mol. similarity index (CoMSIA) methods. The robustness and predictive performance of the developed models were assessed using external test set validation and leave-one-out cross validation. Further, the effects of the mol. structure on the gas chromatog. retention indexes of these compounds were intuitively studied in light of the three-dimensional contour maps of mol. fields provided by the developed CoMSIA and CoMFA models. The validation results demonstrated that both the models could accurately predict the retention indexes of the investigated components. The influence of the mol. structure on the retention indexes could be reasonably explained by these models. Moreover, the prediction accuracy of the CoMSIA model was slightly higher than that of the CoMFA model. Obviously, the proposed CoMSIA model is more promising for the anal. of the volatile fragrance compounds of Lilium spp. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6Application of 118-61-6).

Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Application of 118-61-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

(Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)Iridium Dichloride Dimer {[IrCp*Cl₂]₂}: A Novel Efficient Catalyst for the Cycloisomerizations of Homopropargylic Diols and N-Tethered Enynes was written by Benedetti, Erica;Simonneau, Antoine;Hours, Alexandra;Amouri, Hani;Penoni, Andrea;Palmisano, Giovanni;Malacria, Max;Goddard, Jean-Philippe;Fensterbank, Louis. And the article was included in Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis in 2011.Synthetic Route of C10H14O4 This article mentions the following:

(Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)iridium dichloride dimer {[IrCp*Cl₂]₂}-catalyzed hydroalkoxylation of bis-homopropargylic alcs. provides an efficient access to dioxabicyclo[2.2.1]ketals. The cycloisomerizations proceed under mild conditions, with low catalytic loadings and short reaction times. This new protocol involving an Ir(III) catalyst also promoted the cycloisomerization of nitrogen-tethered 1,6-enynes to give azabicyclo[4.1.0]heptenes, enhancing the synthetic potential of our method. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9Synthetic Route of C10H14O4).

Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Synthetic Route of C10H14O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Intrapopulation and temporal differences of phthalate concentrations in North Atlantic fin whales (Balaenoptera physalus) was written by Garcia-Garin, Odei;Sahyoun, Wissam;Net, Sopheak;Vighi, Morgana;Aguilar, Alex;Ouddane, Baghdad;Vikingsson, Gisli A.;Chosson, Valerie;Borrell, Asuncion. And the article was included in Chemosphere in 2022.Reference of 84-61-7 This article mentions the following:

The fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus) is a migratory filter-feeding species that is susceptible to ingest plastics while lunge feeding across the oceans. Plastic additives, such as phthalates, are compounds that are added to plastics to give them specific characteristics, such as flexibility. These so-called plasticizers are currently raising major concern because of their potential adverse effects on marine fauna. However, little is known about phthalate concentrations in tissues of baleen whales as well as their potential relation with biol. variables (i.e., sex, body length and age) and their trends with time. In this study, we assessed the concentration of 13 phthalates in the muscle of 31 fin whales sampled in the feeding grounds off western Iceland between 1986 and 2015. We detected 5 of the 13 phthalates investigated, with di-n-butylphthalate (DBP), diethylphthalate (DEP) and bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) being the most abundant. None of the biol. variables examined showed a statistically significant relationship with phthalate concentrations Also, phthalate concentrations did not significantly vary over the 29-yr period studied, a surprising result given the global scenario of increasing plastic pollution in the seas. The lack of time trends in phthalate concentration may be due in part to the fact that phthalates also originate from other sources. Although no adverse effects of phthalates on fin whales have been detected to date, further monitoring of these pollutants is required to identify potential toxic effects in the future. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7Reference of 84-61-7).

Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Reference of 84-61-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Catalytic C-C coupling of diazo compounds with arylboronic acids: using surface modified sewage sludge as catalyst was written by Zhang, Zhipeng;Yu, Yang;Xie, Yuxing;Hughes, Timothy;Xu, Jun;Huang, Fei;Huang, He. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2020.Recommanded Product: 587-88-2 This article mentions the following:

A green, mild and efficient synthesis of diarylmethines I [R = Ac, Ph, 4-FC₆H₄, etc.; R¹ = H, Ph, 3-pyridyl, etc.; R² = Me, Et, Bn, etc.] using sewage sludge-derived carbonaceous materials (SW) by perchloric acid catalyzed coupling reactions between diazo compounds and arylboronic acids was developed. The reaction showed a high level of functional tolerance and a broad substrate scope. Furthermore, the highly selective 1,2-alkyl shift product chromenones II [R³ = H, 6-F, 6-Br; R⁴ = Me; R⁵ =Me, Et; R⁴R⁵ = (CH₂)₄, (CH₂)₂O(CH₂)₂, CH₂C(Me)₂(CH₂)₃] were furnished through the sterically demanding groups migration of diazo compounds (3-diazochromanone). The structures of 1,2-shift products were further confirmed by single-crystal X-ray anal. Significantly, the synthesis of the core structures of darifenacin (a clin. drug for overactive bladder syndrome, OAB) and diclofensine (a stimulant drug showing antidepressant and monoamine reuptake inhibitor activity) further demonstrated the efficacy and synthetic potential of this method. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate (cas: 587-88-2Recommanded Product: 587-88-2).

Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate (cas: 587-88-2) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Recommanded Product: 587-88-2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Phenol Ethers with a Pseudo Allylic Chain, -(Me)C:CH₂ (III); Cresotinic Series; Synthesis of Thymol was written by Behal, A.;Tiffeneau, M.. And the article was included in Bulletin de la Societe Chimique de France in 1908.Synthetic Route of C10H12O3 This article mentions the following:

Me ether of pseudo-allylorthocresol (methyl-1-methoxy-2-pseudo-allylbenzene-3) MeC₆H₃(OMe)CMe:CH₂. o-Cresotinic acid, tech., m. 163°, is esterified (1) (2) (3) with MeOH and H₂SO₄. Me ester m. 28°-30°, b. 235°. CH₃MgI gives pseudoallyl-3-orthocresol, b. 220-225°, d₂₀ = 1.040, n_D²⁰ = 1.543. This has the odor of thyme. Me sulfate gives pseudo-allyl-3-methyl-1-anisol-2, b. 217-18°, d₀ = 0.9901, d₁₅ = 0.9830, n_D¹⁵ = 1.595. Reduction with Na and absolute alc. gives Me ether of isothymol, CH₃C₆H₃.OCH₃.CH(CH₃)₂, b. 210-3°, d₀ = 0.9559, d₁₉ = 0.9430, n_D¹⁹ = 1.50725. An isothymol is obtained by demethylating with HI. Me ether of pseudoallylmetacresol (methyl-1-methoxy-3-pseudo-allylbenzene-4), MeC₆H₃(OMe)CMe:CH₂. (1) (3) (4) Metacresotinic acid, m. 175-6°, is converted into its Me ester, b₁₂ 118-22°, d₀ = 1.1629, d₂₁ = 1.147, m. 27-8°. Methyl-methoxy-m-cresotinate, b. 259-61°, d₀ = 1.1462, gives on saponification, methoxy-m-cresotinic acid, m. 103°. CH₃MgI gives the alc., MeC₆H₃(OMe)CMe₂OH, b₁₁ 129-30°, d₀ = 1.0448, b. 240-6°. Dehydrated it gives methyl-1-methoxy-3-pseudo-allylbenzene-4, b. 216-9°, d₀ = 0.9835. Methylthymol, MeC₆H₃(OMe).C₃H₇, is obtained by reducing with Na and absolute alc. (1) (3) (4) the pseudo-allyl-4-methyl-1-methoxy-4-benzene and oxidizing the product with KMnO₄. Demethylation with HI yields thymol. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-methoxy-4-methylbenzoate (cas: 81245-24-1Synthetic Route of C10H12O3).

Methyl 2-methoxy-4-methylbenzoate (cas: 81245-24-1) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Synthetic Route of C10H12O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Organic sulfur compounds. IV. Hydrazones from 2-thienylacetic acid hydrazide and aromatic aldehydes was written by Roman, Gh.;Manciuela, Ileana;Ardeleanu, R.. And the article was included in Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov, Series B: Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Medicine, Philology in 2003.Computed Properties of C7H8O2S This article mentions the following:

The condensation reaction between 2-thienylacetic acid hydrazide and several aromatic aldehydes was studied. The resulting ten N-arylidene hydrazides were characterized by elemental anal., IR and NMR spectroscopy. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9Computed Properties of C7H8O2S).

Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Computed Properties of C7H8O2S

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Hypervalent Iodine(III) Catalyzed Balz-Schiemann Fluorination under Mild Conditions was written by Xing, Bo;Ni, Chuanfa;Hu, Jinbo. And the article was included in Angewandte Chemie, International Edition in 2018.SDS of cas: 587-88-2 This article mentions the following:

An unprecedented hypervalent iodine(III)-catalyzed Balz-Schiemann reaction was described. In the presence of a hypervalent iodine compound, the fluorination reaction proceeded under mild conditions (25-60 °C), and featured a wide substrate scope and good functional-group compatibility. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate (cas: 587-88-2SDS of cas: 587-88-2).

Ethyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)acetate (cas: 587-88-2) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.SDS of cas: 587-88-2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The correlation between gut microbiota and serum metabolomic in elderly patients with chronic heart failure was written by Wang, Zhenhua;Cai, Zhaoling;Ferrari, Markus W.;Liu, Yilong;Li, Chengyi;Zhang, Tianzhang;Lyu, Guorong. And the article was included in Mediators of Inflammation in 2021.SDS of cas: 118-61-6 This article mentions the following:

Objective. Chronic heart failure (CHF) refers to a state of persistent heart failure that can be stable, deteriorated, or decompensated. The mechanism and pathogenesis of myocardial remodeling remain unknown. Based on 16S rDNA sequencing and metabolomics technol., this study analyzed the gut microbiota and serum metabolome in elderly patients with CHF to provide new insights into the microbiota and metabolic phenotypes of CHF. Methods. Blood and fecal samples were collected from 25 elderly patients with CHF and 25 healthy subjects. The expression of inflammatory factors in blood was detected by ELISA. 16S rDNA sequencing was used to analyze the changes in microorganisms in the samples. The changes of small mol. metabolites in serum samples were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Spearman correlation coefficients were used to analyze the correlation between gut microbiota and serum metabolites. Results. Our results showed that the IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α levels were significantly increased, and the IL-10 level was significantly decreased in the elderly patients with CHF compared with the healthy subjects. The diversity of the gut microbiota was decreased in the elderly patients with CHF. Moreover, Escherichia Shigella was neg. correlated with biocytin and RIBOFLAVIN. Haemophilus was neg. correlated with alpha-lactose, cellobiose, isomaltose, lactose, melibiose, sucrose, trehalose, and turanose. Klebsiella was pos. correlated with bilirubin and ethylsalicylate. Klebsiella was neg. correlated with citramalate, hexanoylcarnitine, inosine, isovalerylcarnitine, methylmalonate, and riboflavin. Conclusion. The gut microbiota is simplified by the disease, and serum small-mol. metabolites evidently change in elderly patients with CHF. Serum and fecal biomarkers could be used for elderly patients with CHF screening. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6SDS of cas: 118-61-6).

Ethyl 2-hydroxybenzoate (cas: 118-61-6) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.SDS of cas: 118-61-6

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Structure-activity relationships of arylimidazopyridine cardiotonics: discovery and inotropic activity of 2-[2-methoxy-4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl]-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]pyridine was written by Robertson, David W.;Beedle, E. E.;Krushinski, Joseph H.;Pollock, G. Don;Wilson, Harve;Wyss, Virginia L.;Hayes, J. Scott. And the article was included in Journal of Medicinal Chemistry in 1985.Application In Synthesis of Methyl 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxybenzoate This article mentions the following:

The structural requirements for optimal inotropic activity in a series of phenylimidazopyridines were investigated. 2-Phenylimidazo[4,5-c]pyridines were generally 5-10-fold more potent than analogous 2-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridines, or 8-phenylpurines. Furthermore, all the imidazo[4,5-c]pyridines were orally active; in contrast, only 1 of the imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine derivatives was significantly active orally. The structure-activity relationship of this series is presented and compared to that of the imidazo[4,5-b]pyridine and purine series. The phenylimidazopyridines (80 compounds) were prepared from o-pyridinediamines and substituted benzoic acids. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxybenzoate (cas: 28478-46-8Application In Synthesis of Methyl 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxybenzoate).

Methyl 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxybenzoate (cas: 28478-46-8) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Application In Synthesis of Methyl 4-Hydroxy-2-methoxybenzoate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics