Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Biological characteristics of Edgeworthia tomentosa (Thunb.) Nakai flowers and antimicrobial properties of their essential oils was written by Sun, Yanfang;Wang, Zhangqi;Li, Boqi;Sharopov, Farukh S.;Wang, Pan;Suen, Yang;Liang, Zongsuo. And the article was included in Natural Product Research in 2018.COA of Formula: C12H14O4 This article mentions the following:

Edgeworthia tomentosa (Thunb.) Nakai belongs to Thymelaeaceae family, its alabastrum is used as the traditional Chinese medicine ‘Buddleja Officinalis Maxim’. The present study was to elucidate the ultrastructure characteristics of the flower, the phytochem. composition of the aroma essential oils (EOs) and the relevant antimicrobial properties. There were exclusive characters of calyx, ovule, anther and pollen grain of the flowers under SEM. A total of 40 phytochem. components representing 98% of the EOs were successfully identified: monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes were the dominant terpenoids according to Kovats retention index and MS database. EOs exhibited a broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against Gram-pos. and Gram-neg. bacteria, the best bacteriostatic effect was against Diplococcus pneumonia with MIC and MBC values ranging between 7.8 and 62.5 and 26.0-71.0 μg/mL, resp. These results demonstrate that the surface microscopic morphol. characteristics of Edgeworthia chrysantha Lindl. flowers, are full-scale chem. composition and antimicrobial properties of the EOs. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Formyl-2-methoxyphenyl isobutyrate (cas: 20665-85-4COA of Formula: C12H14O4).

4-Formyl-2-methoxyphenyl isobutyrate (cas: 20665-85-4) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.COA of Formula: C12H14O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Copper-catalyzed cyanoisopropylation of beta-keto esters using azos: synthesis of beta-dicarbonyls bearing an alfa-tertiary nitrile moiety was written by Li, Yanni;Yang, Ruirong;Zhao, Xiaohui;Yao, Yongchao;Yang, Siping;Wu, Qiong;Liang, Deqiang. And the article was included in Synthetic Communications in 2019.Product Details of 13669-10-8 This article mentions the following:

A copper-catalyzed α-cyanoisopropylation reaction of β-keto esters using azo compounds as cyanoalkylating agents is presented, providing an easy access to β-dicarbonyls containing an α-tertiary nitrile moiety with adjacent tertiary and quaternary carbon centers. It is remarkable because a tremendous steric conflict is involved during reaction. Such nitriles were otherwise unavailable, and the reaction features simple and relatively mild conditions and good functional-group tolerance. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate (cas: 13669-10-8Product Details of 13669-10-8).

Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(thiophen-2-yl)propanoate (cas: 13669-10-8) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Product Details of 13669-10-8

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Conjugated Macrocycles Related to the Porphyrins. 25.Proton NMR Spectroscopic Evidence for a Preferred [18]Annulene Substructure in Carbaporphyrins from the Magnitude of Selected ⁴J_H,H CH:C-CH₃ Coupling Constants was written by Liu, Dachun;Lash, Timothy D.. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2003.Electric Literature of C8H11NO2 This article mentions the following:

Two new benzocarbaporphyrins with four or five alkyl substituents have been synthesized by the “3 + 1” MacDonald methodol. At lower temperatures, the proton NMR spectrum of the asym. substituted carbaporphyrin I gave two NH resonances, while carbaporphyrin II, which retains a plane of symmetry, gave only one resonance of this kind. As no addnl. peaks were seen for the remaining protons, these data strongly support the proposal that a single tautomer predominates in solution where the two NH protons flank the interior CH. Carbaporphyrin I, which has a CH:CMe unit on the pyrrolic ring opposite the indene moiety, gave a long-range coupling constant of ⁴J_Me,H = 1.3-1.4 Hz. On the other hand, the CH:CMe units of II, which correspond to the pyrrole rings on each side of the carbocyclic moiety, gave ⁴J_Me,H = 0.9-1.0 Hz. These values are in accord with those expected if the exterior carbon-carbon bonds of the pyrrole units next to the indene ring are part of a fully delocalized 18π electron system, while the C:C bond of the remaining pyrrole ring retains substantial olefinic character. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (cas: 2199-49-7Electric Literature of C8H11NO2).

Ethyl 4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (cas: 2199-49-7) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Electric Literature of C8H11NO2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Quantitative analysis of headspace volatile compounds using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and their contribution to the aroma of Chardonnay wine was written by Welke, Juliane Elisa;Zanus, Mauro;Lazzarotto, Marcelo;Alcaraz Zini, Claudia. And the article was included in Food Research International in 2014.Quality Control of Dimethyl decanedioate This article mentions the following:

The quant. determination of volatile compounds of Chardonnay wines using HS-SPME-GC × GC/TOFMS along with the determination of odor activity value (OAV) and relative odor contribution (ROC) of volatiles are reported for the first time. The use of GC × GC/TOFMS for the anal. of Chardonnay wine of Serra Gaucha resulted in the tentative identification of 243 compounds, showing the superior performance of this anal. technique for this specific varietal wine, considering that the number of compounds usually separated by 1D-GC for this type of wine is lower. Furthermore, 42 compounds co-eluted in the first dimension and 34 of them were separated in the second dimension, while the others were resolved by spectral deconvolution (8), which indicates that the conventional 1D-GC/MS may result in misleading results. The calculation of OAV and ROC allowed the determination of the volatile compounds that presented the greater contribution to wine aroma. Et octanoate, Et hexanoate, Et butanoate, and beta-damascenone showed the highest OAV and ROC values, although other 43 compounds showed also potential to contribute to wine aroma. Figures of merit of the developed method were: accuracies from 92.4 to 102.6%, repeatability from 1.2% to 13.4%, LOD from 0.001 μg L^– 1 (Et isovalerate and hexanoic acid) to 2.554 μg L^– 1 (Et 3-hydroxybutanoate), LOQ from 0.003 μg L^– 1 (Et isovalerate and hexanoic acid) to 7.582 μg L^– 1 (Et 3-hydroxybutanoate). In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6Quality Control of Dimethyl decanedioate).

Dimethyl decanedioate (cas: 106-79-6) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Quality Control of Dimethyl decanedioate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The gas/particle partitioning behavior of phthalate esters in indoor environment: Effects of temperature and humidity was written by Zhou, Xiaojun;Lian, Juanli;Cheng, Yan;Wang, Xinke. And the article was included in Environmental Research in 2021.Synthetic Route of C20H26O4 This article mentions the following:

Phthalate esters (PAEs) are ubiquitous and among the most abundant semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) in indoor environments. Due to their low saturated vapor pressure, SVOCs tend to adhere to indoor surfaces and particulate matters, which may result in higher total concentrations than occur in the gas phase alone. Thus, gas/particle partitioning of PAEs plays an important role in their indoor fates and health risks. However, the influence of indoor environmental parameters, including temperature and humidity, on the partitioning of PAEs between air and particles is rarely known. In this study, a novel exptl. system was designed to investigate the effects of temperature and humidity on partitioning behavior between gas- and particle-phase PAEs. The chamber experiments were conducted at temperatures of 12.5°C, 17.5°C, 24.0°C, 29.5°C and 40.0°C and moisture contents of 3.5 g/kg, 5.0 g/kg, 6.5 g/kg, 8.0 g/kg and 9.5 g/kg dry air. The results showed that higher temperatures led to stronger emission of phthalate esters from the PVC panel, which resulted in higher gas-phase concentrations of phthalate esters and particle-phase concentrations In addition, temperature has a strong neg. effect on the gas/particle partition coefficient (K_p), and an order of magnitude difference in K_p was observed between 12.5 and 40°C. There are exponential decay laws between K_p and the absolute temperature However, a smaller effect of humidity than of temperature on K_p was revealed, and no obvious law was found. Moreover, K_p of compounds with larger mol. weights are more obviously influenced by the variations in environmental factors. This study is of pos. significance for reducing the health risks of PAEs by guiding the regulation of indoor environmental parameters. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7Synthetic Route of C20H26O4).

Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Synthetic Route of C20H26O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Rhodium-Catalyzed Silylcarbocyclization (SiCaC) and Carbonylative Silylcarbocyclization (CO-SiCaC) Reactions of Enynes was written by Ojima, Iwao;Vu, An T.;Lee, Seung-Yub;McCullagh, James V.;Moralee, Andrew C.;Fujiwara, Masaki;Hoang, Tram H.. And the article was included in Journal of the American Chemical Society in 2002.Application In Synthesis of Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate This article mentions the following:

The reaction of a 1,6-enyne with a hydrosilane catalyzed by Rh(acac)(CO)₂, Rh₄(CO)₁₂, or Rh₂Co₂(CO)₁₂ under ambient CO atm. or N₂ gives 2-methyl-1-silylmethylidene-2-cyclopentane or its heteroatom congener in excellent yield through Silylcarbocyclization (SiCaC) process. The same reaction, but in the presence of a phosphite such as P(OEt)₃ and P(OPh)₃ under 20 atm of CO, affords the corresponding 2-formylmethyl-1-silylmethylidene-2-cyclopentane or its heteroatom congener with excellent selectivity through carbonylative silylcarbocyclization (CO-SiCaC) process. The SiCaC reaction also was applied to a 1,6-enyne bearing a cyclohexenyl group as the alkene moiety and a 1,7-enyne system. The functionalized five- and six-membered ring systems obtained by these novel cyclization reactions serve as useful and versatile intermediates for the syntheses of natural and unnatural heterocyclic and carbocyclic compounds Possible mechanisms for the SiCaC and CO-SiCaC reactions as well as unique features of these processes are discussed. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9Application In Synthesis of Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate).

Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Application In Synthesis of Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Coupling constants of pyrroles was written by Gronowitz, Salo;Hornfeldt, Anna Britta;Gestblom, Bo;Hoffman, Ragnar A.. And the article was included in Arkiv foer Kemi in 1961.HPLC of Formula: 2199-49-7 This article mentions the following:

Ring-coupling constants for mono-and disubstituted pyrroles are reported from their nuclear magnetic resonance spectra and a discussion of the mechanism of these couplings is given with 34 references. The ring-coupling constants obtained are J₃₄ = 3.40-3.80 cycles/sec., J₄₅ = 2.40-3.10 cycles/sec., J₂₅ = 1.95-2.20 cycles/sec., J₂₄ = 1.35-1.50 cycles/sec. J₁₃ and J₁₄ have similar magnitude to J₄₅, and J₁₂ and J₁₅ are greater. In 2-methyl-5-pyrrolecarboxaldehyde, J_CH3-3 = 0.65 cycles/sec. and J_CH3-4 = 0.45 cycles/sec., in 3-methyl-4-carbethoxypyrrole, J_CH3-2 = 1.0 cycles/sec., and in 2-pyrrolecarboxaldehyde, J_CHO-5 = 1.15 cycles/sec. The values for J₃₄ and J₄₅ differ considerably from those obtained by Abraham and Bernstein (CA 54, 11703e), since these latter authors report an average between these couplings and the NH couplings. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (cas: 2199-49-7HPLC of Formula: 2199-49-7).

Ethyl 4-methyl-1H-pyrrole-3-carboxylate (cas: 2199-49-7) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.HPLC of Formula: 2199-49-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Characterization of key odor-active compounds in sweet Petit Manseng (Vitis vinifera L.) wine by gas chromatography-olfactometry, aroma reconstitution, and omission tests was written by Lan, Yibin;Guo, Jingxian;Qian, Xu;Zhu, Baoqing;Shi, Ying;Wu, Guangfeng;Duan, Changqing. And the article was included in Journal of Food Science in 2021.Name: 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one This article mentions the following:

Petit Manseng (Vitis vinifera L.) has become a popular variety in China for the production of semisweet and sweet wines. However, few studies focused on investigating the mol. odor code of its key odorants. In this study, the key odor-active compounds of Chinese sweet Petit Manseng wine were identified by gas chromatog.-olfactometry (GC-O) and gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Fifty-five odorous zones were sniffed and identified by application of aroma extraction dilution anal. on a distillate prepared by liquid- liquid extraction and solvent-assisted flavor evaporation Among them, isoamyl alc., Et octanoate, isovaleric acid, (E)-β-damascenone, and phenylethanol particularly displayed with highest flavor dilution factors above 1024. The quantification of volatiles by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with GC-MS and GC coupled with triple quadrupole MS/MS and a calculation of odor activity values (OAVs) indicated 23 volatiles with OAVs above 1. Et hexanoate showed the highest OAV with 208.8, followed by (E)-β-damascenone (189.0), 3-mercaptohexanol (60.3), isoamyl acetate (45.4), and furaneol (40.1). The aroma of the sweet wine was successfully reconstituted by combining 42 aroma compounds in a model wine solution 3-Mercaptohexanol, (E)-β-damascenone, furaneol, γ-octalactone + γ-decalactone + γ-hexalactone, and Et cinnamate had important influence on the aroma of sweet Petit Manseng wine assessed by omission tests. Moreover, the discrimination of wines from three regions was successfully achieved by partial least squares discriminant anal. based on quant. results of key odorants. 3-Mercaptohexanol was considered as the most responsible for the region discrimination and had highest concentrations in Petit Manseng wines from Jiaodong Peninsula. Understanding of the knowledge in key odorants of Petit Manseng wines could be useful to improve wine quality through viticultural and enol. practices. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9Name: 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one).

5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Name: 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Construction of isoxazolone-fused phenanthridines via Rh-catalyzed cascade C-H activation/cyclization of 3-arylisoxazolones with cyclic 2-diazo-1,3-diketones was written by Hu, Wangcheng;He, Xinwei;Zhou, Tongtong;Zuo, Youpeng;Zhang, Shiwen;Yang, Tingting;Shang, Yongjia. And the article was included in Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry in 2021.HPLC of Formula: 33166-79-9 This article mentions the following:

A Rh(III)-catalyzed cascade C-H activation/intramol. cyclization of 3-aryl-5-isoxazolones with cyclic 2-diazo-1,3-diketones was described, leading to the formation of isoxazolo[2,3-f]phenanthridine skeletons I [R¹ = 4-Me, 5-Br, 6-MeO, etc.; R² = H, Me; R³ = H, Me, Ph]. The protocol featured the simultaneous one-pot formation of two new C-C/C-N bonds and one heterocycle in moderate-to-good yields with good functional group compatibility. It was amenable to large-scale synthesis and further transformation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9HPLC of Formula: 33166-79-9).

Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.HPLC of Formula: 33166-79-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

D-glucose as a pentavalent chiral scaffold was written by Opatz, Till;Kallus, Christopher;Wunberg, Tobias;Schmidt, Wolfgang;Henke, Stefan;Kunz, Horst. And the article was included in European Journal of Organic Chemistry in 2003.Safety of 3-Cyanophenylisocyanate This article mentions the following:

A novel carbohydrate-based scaffold for combinatorial chem. has been developed. This scaffold allows the selective attachment of five different side chains, giving rise to products of enormous structural diversity. As a demonstration of its usefulness, a series of model compounds has been prepared in high purity and yield by multistep parallel synthesis on a solid phase. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 3-Cyanophenylisocyanate (cas: 16413-26-6Safety of 3-Cyanophenylisocyanate).

3-Cyanophenylisocyanate (cas: 16413-26-6) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Safety of 3-Cyanophenylisocyanate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics