Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Sensory, physicochemical and volatile compound analysis of short and long shelf-life melon (Cucumis melo L.) genotypes at harvest and after postharvest storage was written by Farcuh, Macarena;Copes, Bill;Le-Navenec, Gaelle;Marroquin, Juan;Cantu, Dario;Bradford, Kent J.;Guinard, Jean-Xavier;Van Deynze, Allen. And the article was included in Food Chemistry: X in 2020.Recommanded Product: 868-57-5 This article mentions the following:

Flavor is a key attribute defining melon fruit quality and driving consumer preferences. We characterized and compared fruit ripening patterns (ethylene, respiration), physicochem. properties (rind/flesh color, firmness, soluble solids, acidity), aroma volatiles, and flavor-related sensory attributes in seven melon genotypes differing in shelf life capacity. Fruits were evaluated at optimal maturity and after storage for six days at 5°C plus one day at room temperature Total volatile content increased after storage in all genotypes, with esters being dominant. Shorter shelf-life genotypes, displaying a sharper climacteric phase, correlated with fruity/floral/sweet flavor-related descriptors, and with esters, sulfur-containing compounds and a terpenoid. Longer shelf-life types were associated with firmness, green and grassy aroma/flavor and aldehydes. Multivariate regression identified key volatiles that predict flavor sensory perception, which could accelerate breeding of longer shelf-life melons with improved flavor characteristics. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5Recommanded Product: 868-57-5).

Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Recommanded Product: 868-57-5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Efficient Method for the Synthesis of Benzimidazoquinazoline Derivatives with Three-Point Diversity was written by Saha, Biswajit;Sharma, Sunil;Kundu, Bijoy. And the article was included in Synthetic Communications in 2007.SDS of cas: 2740-88-7 This article mentions the following:

An efficient strategy for the preparation of a novel heterocyclic ring system of benzimidazoquinazolines with three-point diversity has been described. The compounds were obtained by treating o-phenylenediamine derivatives with o-nitrobenzaldehyde to give benzimidazole derivatives, followed by reduction of the nitro group to give an amine. Derivatization of the resulting amine with isothiocyanates followed by in situ cyclodesulfurization at rt furnished the title compounds in high yields and purity. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Fluorobenzylisothiocyanate (cas: 2740-88-7SDS of cas: 2740-88-7).

4-Fluorobenzylisothiocyanate (cas: 2740-88-7) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.SDS of cas: 2740-88-7

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Alkenylation by dibromides of 1,3-butadiene and isoprene. Transformations of tetraethyl esters of 1,6-disubstituted 3-hexene- and 1,6-disubstituted 3-methyl-3-hexene-1,1,6,6-tetracarboxylic acids was written by Chachatryan, L. A.;Akhnazaryan, A. A.;Manukyan, M. A.;Dangyan, M. T.. And the article was included in Zhurnal Organicheskoi Khimii in 1975.Name: Diethyl isobutylmalonate This article mentions the following:

Reaction of RCH(CO2Et)2 with BrCH2CH:CR1CH2Br (R1 = H, Me) gave 50-80% (E)- and (Z)- (EtO2C)2CRCH2CH:CR1CH2CR(CO2Et)2 (I); alk. decarboxylation of I (R1 = Me) gave either HO2CCHRCH2CH:CMeCH2CHRCO2H or the lactone of the corresponding saturated 4-methyl-4-hydroxy analog. The lactone formation could be either thermal or catalytic. The trans-I (R = H) gave on bromination in CCl4 or oxidation by AcO2H the γ,γ-lactones of 2,7-disubstituted-2,7-dicarbethoxy-4,5-dihydroxysuberic acids. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl isobutylmalonate (cas: 10203-58-4Name: Diethyl isobutylmalonate).

Diethyl isobutylmalonate (cas: 10203-58-4) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Name: Diethyl isobutylmalonate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ruthenium Carbene-Mediated Construction of Strained Allenes via the Enyne Cross-Metathesis/Cyclopropanation of 1,6-Enynes was written by Gao, Ming;Gao, Qiangqiang;Hao, Xiangbin;Wu, Ying;Zhang, Qingmin;Liu, Guohua;Liu, Rui. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2020.Synthetic Route of C10H14O4 This article mentions the following:

Herein, we report on the unprecedented dimerization of 1,6-enynes using a com. available ruthenium complex RuCl₂(PPh₃)₃, which results in a series of bicyclo[3.1.0]hexyl allene derivatives in moderate to excellent yields. Mechanistic investigation indicates that the in-situ-generated ruthenium vinylidene undergoes a site-selective metathesis process to provide allenyl ruthenium carbene, which can be intramolecularly trapped by the pendent C=C bond of enyne through a [2+2]-cycloaddition/metal elimination process. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9Synthetic Route of C10H14O4).

Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Synthetic Route of C10H14O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Characteristic scent from the Tahitian liverwort, Cyathodium foetidissimum was written by Sakurai, Kazutoshi;Tomiyama, Kenichi;Kawakami, Yukihiro;Yaguchi, Yoshihiro;Asakawa, Yoshinori. And the article was included in Journal of Oleo Science in 2018.Electric Literature of C10H20O2 This article mentions the following:

The volatile components of the Tahitian liverwort Cyathodium foetidissimum was analyzed using headspace solid phase micro-extraction (SPME) and GC-MS. Three volatile components, 4-methoxystyrene (24.4%), 3,4-dimethoxystyrene (28.7%), and skatole (15.9%) were identified as the major components from the fresh C. foetidissimum, along with several aliphatic aldehydes, n-octanal, n-nonanal, and n-decanal. However, (E)-2-nonenal recognized as aged malodor was not identified. In GC-O anal., 2-aminoacetophenone was detected as one of the minor components with a strong aging note. In fact, C. foetidissimum showed the characteristic aging odor reminiscent the damp smell from old chest of drawers, or the civet like note with very strong feces and urine odor. The mixture consisted of 4-methoxystyrene, 3,4-dimethoxystyrene, and skatole in the detected ratio showed the sedative effect on CNV (contingent neg. variation) measurement. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1Electric Literature of C10H20O2).

Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1) belongs to esters. Carboxylic acid esters of low molecular weight are colourless, volatile liquids with pleasant odours, slightly soluble in water. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Electric Literature of C10H20O2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Identification of Cytotoxic Flavor Chemicals in Top-Selling Electronic Cigarette Refill Fluids was written by Hua, My;Omaiye, Esther E.;Luo, Wentai;McWhirter, Kevin J.;Pankow, James F.;Talbot, Prue. And the article was included in Scientific Reports in 2019.HPLC of Formula: 659-70-1 This article mentions the following:

We identified the most popular electronic cigarette (EC) refill fluids using an Internet survey and local and online sales information, quantified their flavor chems., and evaluated cytotoxicities of the fluids and flavor chems. “Berries/Fruits/Citrus” was the most popular EC refill fluid flavor category. Twenty popular EC refill fluids were purchased from local shops, and the ingredient flavor chems. were identified and quantified by gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry. Total flavor chem. concentrations ranged from 0.6 to 27.9 mg/mL, and in 95% of the fluids, total flavor concentration was greater than nicotine concentration The 20 most popular refill fluids contained 99 quantifiable flavor chems.; each refill fluid contained 22 to 47 flavor chems., most being esters. Some chems. were found frequently, and several were present in most products. At a 1% concentration, 80% of the refill fluids were cytotoxic in the MTT assay. Six pure standards of the flavor chems. found at the highest concentrations in the two most cytotoxic refill fluids were effective in the MTT assay, and ethyl maltol, which was in over 50% of the products, was the most cytotoxic. These data show that the cytotoxicity of some popular refill fluids can be attributed to their high concentrations of flavor chems. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1HPLC of Formula: 659-70-1).

Isopentyl 3-methylbutanoate (cas: 659-70-1) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.HPLC of Formula: 659-70-1

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Reduction effects of solar radiation, mechanical tension, and soil burial on phthalate esters concentrations in plastic film and soils was written by Wang, Dong;Xi, Yue;Shi, Xiao-Yan;Han, Ya-Nan;Zhang, Ning;Ahmad, Farhan;Li, Feng-Min. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2021.Safety of Dicyclohexyl phthalate This article mentions the following:

Phthalate esters (PAEs) are potentially dangerous chems. in plastic film mulched fields; however, few studies have investigated how to reduce their concentrations in plastic film and soil. In this study, the effects of solar radiation, mech. tension, and soil burial on PAEs concentrations in polyethylene (PE) film and degradable film were investigated, and the half-lives of di-Bu phthalate (DBP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) in soil also studied. PAEs concentrations in polyethylene films were about twice those in the degradable films; however, PAEs concentrations in all exptl. films were similar after 1-yr of field exposure. Mech. tension had no effect on the PAEs concentrations of polyethylene films, but increased the detected concentrations of PAEs in degradable films by 34%-120%. After 4-years of burial, the PAEs concentrations in films decreased by 79.2%-98.0%, and mech. tension promoted the reductions However, there was little difference in PAEs concentrations between the buried soils with and without films, indicating the released PAEs reduced quickly in soil. Also, the half-lives of DBP and DEHP were 2.4-4.6 days and 18.5-41.4 days, resp. Overall, the results presented herein provide reasonable approaches to reduce the concentrations of PAEs in plastic films and soils. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7Safety of Dicyclohexyl phthalate).

Dicyclohexyl phthalate (cas: 84-61-7) belongs to esters. Esters typically have a pleasant smell; those of low molecular weight are commonly used as fragrances and are found in essential oils and pheromones. Esterification is the general name for a chemical reaction in which two reactants (typically an alcohol and an acid) form an ester as the reaction product. Esters are common in organic chemistry and biological materials.Safety of Dicyclohexyl phthalate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

DDQ-Catalyzed Direct C(sp³)-H Amination of Alkylheteroarenes: Synthesis of Biheteroarenes under Aerobic and Metal-Free Conditions was written by Song, Chunlan;Dong, Xin;Yi, Hong;Chiang, Chien-Wei;Lei, Aiwen. And the article was included in ACS Catalysis in 2018.Recommanded Product: Methyl 2-thienylacetate This article mentions the following:

A strategy for oxidative Csp³-H/N-H cross-coupling is presented. This reaction successfully utilizes 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-p-benzoquinone (DDQ) and tert-Bu nitrite (TBN) as co-catalysts to construct the biomedical applicable biheteroarenes under aerobic conditions. Notably, this amination reaction is successful with a wide range of alkylheteroarenes and could be used as a functionalization tactic for pharmaceutical research and other areas. Furthermore, preliminary mechanistic studies indicate that the C-N bond formation proceeds through the nucleophilic attack of azole to the carbon cation. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9Recommanded Product: Methyl 2-thienylacetate).

Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.Recommanded Product: Methyl 2-thienylacetate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Copper-catalyzed cyanoisopropylation of beta-keto esters using azos: synthesis of beta-dicarbonyls bearing an alfa-tertiary nitrile moiety was written by Li, Yanni;Yang, Ruirong;Zhao, Xiaohui;Yao, Yongchao;Yang, Siping;Wu, Qiong;Liang, Deqiang. And the article was included in Synthetic Communications in 2019.Electric Literature of C12H14O3 This article mentions the following:

A copper-catalyzed α-cyanoisopropylation reaction of β-keto esters using azo compounds as cyanoalkylating agents is presented, providing an easy access to β-dicarbonyls containing an α-tertiary nitrile moiety with adjacent tertiary and quaternary carbon centers. It is remarkable because a tremendous steric conflict is involved during reaction. Such nitriles were otherwise unavailable, and the reaction features simple and relatively mild conditions and good functional-group tolerance. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9Electric Literature of C12H14O3).

Ethyl 3-oxo-3-(m-tolyl)propanoate (cas: 33166-79-9) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Electric Literature of C12H14O3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Thymus ciliatus (Desf.) Benth. Essential Oils of Algeria was written by Souadia, Ahmed. And the article was included in Natural Product Communications in 2022.Safety of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate This article mentions the following:

The aim of this work was to study the chem. composition and antioxidant activity of essential oils of Thymus ciliatus (Desf.) Benth from middle Algeria obtained from the aerial parts by hydrodistillation using a Clevenger-type apparatus The oil was analyzed by gas chromatog. (GC) and gas chromatog. coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The antioxidant capacity values of T ciliatus extracts were determined using 2 different and complementary assays: free radical scavenging (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH]) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. Six samples of T ciliatus collected in 2019 were used in the study. GC and GC-MS were used to determine the chem. composition of the essential oils. Twenty-five compounds were identified with a percentage of 89.3%-97.7%. The essential oils of T ciliatus were characterized by the presence of myrcene (9.6%-26.9%), p-cymene (7.6%-17.0%), and borneol (13.4%-30.2%) as principal components. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3Safety of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate).

(E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.Safety of (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics