Category: esters-buliding-blocks

Immobilization of the acylase from Escherichia coli on glyoxyl-agarose gives efficient catalyst for the synthesis of cephalosporins was written by Estruch, Ilona;Tagliani, Auro R.;Guisan, Jose Manuel;Fernandez-Lafuente, Roberto;Alcantara, Andres R.;Toma, Lucio;Terreni, Marco. And the article was included in Enzyme and Microbial Technology in 2008.Electric Literature of C7H8O2S This article mentions the following:

The catalytic properties of penicillin G acylase (PGA) from Escherichia coli, when used in kinetically controlled N-acylation (kcNa) of cephalosporanic nuclei, can be strongly influenced by the moiety in 3-position of the cephem structure. In the synthesis of Cefonicid (1c), the adsorption of the cephalosporanic nucleus (7-SACA) in the PGA active site appeared sensitively increased by a pos. ionic interaction between an arginine (ArgA145) in the enzyme active site and the sulfonic group of the β-lactam structure. Interestingly, when PGA was immobilized on solid supports, any effect depending on the substrate structure resulted minimized; the catalytic properties of this enzyme were affected with different outcomes depending on the type of matrix and binding chem. The PGA immobilized on glyoxyl-agarose (hydrophilic support activated with aldehyde groups) resulted in a good catalyst when used in kinetically controlled N-acylation of different cephalosporanic nuclei. This derivatives allow much better Vs/Vh₁ (defined as the ratio between the rate of synthesis and the rate of hydrolysis of the acylating agent) than the same enzyme immobilized on Eupergit C, an acrylic hydrophobic supports activated with epoxy groups. The synthetic performances of the Eupergit derivative vs. different nuclei were always much poorer if compared with glyoxyl-agarose or the soluble protein. The use of PGA immobilized on glyoxyl-agarose allowed the development of efficient processes for the preparation of Cefazolin in high yield and purity. The results obtained in the optimization of this process are presented. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9Electric Literature of C7H8O2S).

Methyl 2-thienylacetate (cas: 19432-68-9) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Electric Literature of C7H8O2S

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Concise Synthesis of 1-Thioalkyl Glycoside Donors by Reaction of Per-O-acetylated Sugars with Sodium Alkanethiolates under Solvent-Free Conditions was written by Feng, Guang-Jing;Luo, Tao;Guo, Yang-Fan;Liu, Chun-Yang;Dong, Hai. And the article was included in Journal of Organic Chemistry.Quality Control of (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate This article mentions the following:

A relatively green method for synthesizing 1-thioalkyl glycosides has been developed, where sodium alkanethiolates were used to react with per-O-acetylated sugars instead of odorous alkyl mercaptans in the presence of BF₃·Et₂O without the use of solvents under mild conditions. Furthermore, we found that 1,2-trans-β-thioglycosides can be converted into corresponding 1,2-cis-α-thioglycosides in the presence of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid in nonpolar solvents under mild conditions. This provides a simple and efficient new approach for synthesizing challenging 1,2-cis-α-thioglycosides. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4Quality Control of (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate).

(2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate (cas: 4163-60-4) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits, including apples, durians, pears, bananas, pineapples, and strawberries. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Quality Control of (2S,3R,4S,5S,6R)-6-(Acetoxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4,5-tetrayl tetraacetate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Distribution of fragrances and PAHs in the surface seawater of the Sicily Channel, Central Mediterranean was written by Vecchiato, Marco;Turetta, Clara;Patti, Bernardo;Barbante, Carlo;Piazza, Rossano;Bonato, Tiziano;Gambaro, Andrea. And the article was included in Science of the Total Environment in 2018.Synthetic Route of C12H14O4 This article mentions the following:

The Mediterranean Sea is highly influenced by several anthropic pressures, including different kinds of organic pollutants. Fragrance materials (FMs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were investigated in the surface seawater of the Sicily Channel in offshore and coastal areas. Total concentrations of FMs and PAHs resulted resp. up to 112 ng L^-1 and 43 ng L^-1, with similar distributions of both classes of analytes. Low values were detected in some coastal samples, due to the upwelling of deep and unpolluted waters, while the presence of gyres probably accumulates contaminants in offshore areas. Confirming previous works, the allergenic and estrogenic Salicylates generally resulted the most abundant FMs and diagnostic ratios indicated combustion processes as the sources of PAHs. The coupling of the well-known PAHs with a new class of personal care products (PCPs) helped the identification of the major environmental drivers: the results highlighted the role of mesoscale hydrodynamics and suggested long-range atm. transport as key factors. The first detection of the selected FMs in open sea areas supports the hypothesis of their environmental persistence. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 4-Formyl-2-methoxyphenyl isobutyrate (cas: 20665-85-4Synthetic Route of C12H14O4).

4-Formyl-2-methoxyphenyl isobutyrate (cas: 20665-85-4) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Polyesters are important plastics, with monomers linked by ester moieties. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides alcoholysis is another way to produce esters. Acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with alcohols to produce esters. Anydrous conditions are recommended since both acyl chlorides and acid anhydrides react with water.Synthetic Route of C12H14O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Antiprotozoal activity of Turkish Origanum onites essential oil and its components was written by Tasdemir, Deniz;Kaiser, Marcel;Demirci, Betul;Demirci, Fatih;Baser, K. Husnu Can. And the article was included in Molecules in 2019.Reference of 868-57-5 This article mentions the following:

Essential oil of Origanum species is well known for antimicrobial activity, but only a few have been evaluated in narrow spectrum antiprotozoal assays. Herein, we assessed the antiprotozoal potential of Turkish Origanum onites L. oil and its major constituents against a panel of parasitic protozoa. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation from the dried herbal parts of O. onites and analyzed by Gas Chromatog.-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID) and Gas Chromatog. coupled with Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The in vitro activity of the oil and its major components were evaluated against Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense, T. cruzi, Leishmania donovani, and Plasmodium falciparum. The main component of the oil was identified as carvacrol (70.6%), followed by linalool (9.7%), p-cymene (7%), gamma-terpinene (2.1%), and thymol (1.8%e). The oil showed significant in vitro activity against T. b. rhodesiense (IC₅₀ 180 ng/mL), and moderate antileishmanial and antiplasmodial effects, without toxicity to mammalian cells. Carvacrol, thymol, and 10 addnl. abundant oil constituents were tested against the same panel; carvacrol and thymol retained the oil’s in vitro antiparasitic potency. In the T. b. brucei mouse model, thymol, but not carvacrol, extended the mean survival of animals. This study indicates the potential of the essential oil of O. onites and its constituents in the treatment of protozoal infections. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5Reference of 868-57-5).

Methyl2-methylbutyrate (cas: 868-57-5) belongs to esters. Esters perform as high-grade solvents for a broad array of plastics, plasticizers, resins, and lacquers, and are one of the largest classes of synthetic lubricants on the commercial market. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Reference of 868-57-5

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

The key food odorant receptive range of broadly tuned receptor OR2W1 was written by Haag, Franziska;Di Pizio, Antonella;Krautwurst, Dietmar. And the article was included in Food Chemistry in 2022.Reference of 706-14-9 This article mentions the following:

Mammals perceive a multitude of odorants by their chem. sense of olfaction, a high-dimensional stimulus-detection system, with hundreds of narrowly or broadly tuned receptors, enabling pattern recognition by the brain. Cognate receptor-agonist information, however, is sparse, and the role of broadly tuned odorant receptors for encoding odor quality remains elusive. Here, we screened IL-6-HaloTag-OR2W1 and haplotypes against 187 out of 230 defined key food odorants using the GloSensor system in HEK-293 cells, yielding 48 new agonists. Altogether, key food odorants represent about two-thirds of now 153 reported agonists of OR2W1, the highest number of agonists known for a mammalian odorant receptor. In summary, we characterized OR2W1 as a human odorant receptor, with a chem. diverse but exclusive receptive range, complementary to chem. subgroups covered by evolutionary younger, highly selective receptors. Our data suggest OR2W1 to be suited for participating in the detection of many foodborne odorants. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9Reference of 706-14-9).

5-Hexyldihydrofuran-2(3H)-one (cas: 706-14-9) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Cyclic esters are called lactones, regardless of whether they are derived from an organic or inorganic acid. One example of an organic lactone is γ-valerolactone.Reference of 706-14-9

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Migration testing of metallized polypropylene films treated with ionizing radiation was written by Zhang, Hong;Wang, Yini;Wu, Jingjie;Zhu, Lei;Xia, Yining. And the article was included in Food Packaging and Shelf Life in 2022.Application of 6683-19-8 This article mentions the following:

An UHPLC-QTOF/MS method was employed to identify chems. migrating from metalized polypropylene (met PP) films. The migration test was conducted by converting met PP films into pouches filled with 95% ethanol as a fatty food simulant and treating the pouch samples with gamma and electron beam irradiation at a dose of 10 kGy. A temperature of 22°C and a duration time of 21 days were used for the migration test. Over 10 chems. were identified, 3 of them were intentionally added substances (IAS), while the rest were considered as non-intentionally added substances (NIAS) including radiolysis products (RPs) derived from antioxidants. Based on the identification results, 5 chems. (3 hindered phenolic compounds, 1 phosphate compound and 1 phosphonate compound) were selected and their migration behaviors were evaluated under the effect of irradiation It was found that irradiation treatment significantly reduced the migration level of all substances. The extent of decrease was dependent on their stability under irradiation The phosphate/phosphonate compounds recorded higher stability resulting in less decrease (3-25%) in migration level. The hindered phenolic compounds were susceptible to irradiation and a large drop (45-88%) of migration level was observed Potential risks of met PP films were evaluated by comparing the migration levels of selected chems. with their migration limits either listed in Regulation (EU) Number 10/2011 or established with Cramer classification. The results showed that the migration level of the phosphonate compound was above the recommended migration limit, which may present a safety concern. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8Application of 6683-19-8).

2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8) belongs to esters. Esters are also usually derived from carboxylic acids. It may also be obtained by reaction of acid anhydride or acid halides with alcohols or by the reaction of salts of carboxylic acids with alkyl halides. Because of their lack of hydrogen-bond-donating ability, esters do not self-associate. Consequently, esters are more volatile than carboxylic acids of similar molecular weight.Application of 6683-19-8

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Comparing the effect of Thymus spp. essential oils on Candida auris was written by Ribeiro, Rita;Fernandes, Liliana;Costa, Raquel;Cavaleiro, Carlos;Salgueiro, Ligia;Henriques, Mariana;Rodrigues, Maria Elisa. And the article was included in Industrial Crops and Products in 2022.Recommanded Product: (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate This article mentions the following:

Candida auris is an emergent yeast pathogen responsible for many invasive fungal infections due to its multidrug-resistant character and its huge transmission ability. Essential oils (EOs) obtained from several aromatic plants have been regarded as an alternative treatment upon to fungal infections. For example, Thymus spp. are known by their antifungal effect due to the presence of some volatile compounds in their EOs, such as carvacrol, thymol, linalool and gamma-terpinene. So, the main goal of this work was to compare the effect of several EOs from Thymus spp. on C. auris biofilm. The antifungal activity of Thymus vulgaris, Thymus zygis, Thymus satureioides and Thymus mastichina against planktonic cells of C. auris NCPF 8971 was assessed by agar disk diffusion method. The effect of these EOs with direct or vapor phases on preformed biofilms was evaluated by colony-forming unitsprime enumeration. Importantly it was noticed a completely different range of action between the EOs from the same genus. While T. vulgaris showed the biggest antifungal effect with a halo of 59.75 plusmn 15.75 mm, T. mastichina for the other side, presented a halo of 13.13 plusmn 1.36 mm, showing a very low activity. In addition, the direct application of T. vulgaris and T. zygis EOs demonstrated higher antifungal activity against C. auris biofilms than vapor phase application. However, T. vulgaris also showed significant action in the vapor phase mode. The chem. composition of Thymus EOs was analyzed by GC and GC-MS, and was demonstrated that they have different chem. profiles, namely in the amount of phenolic compounds, which justify the different antifungal actions.In conclusion, T. vulgaris and T. zygis oils, can be pointed out as a great contribution to the treatment of C. auris infections, being promising alternatives to conventional therapy. However, the efficiency of the EOs differs substantially between the four species of Thymus. Therefore, the selection of natural therapies should always have in account EOs composition In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3Recommanded Product: (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate).

(E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esters contain a carbonyl center, which gives rise to 120° C–C–O and O–C–O angles. Unlike amides, esters are structurally flexible functional groups because rotation about the C–O–C bonds has a low barrier. Their flexibility and low polarity is manifested in their physical properties; they tend to be less rigid (lower melting point) and more volatile (lower boiling point) than the corresponding amides. Recommanded Product: (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Gold-Catalyzed Hydrofluorination of Internal Alkynes Using Aqueous HF was written by Gauthier, Raphael;Mamone, Marius;Paquin, Jean-Francois. And the article was included in Organic Letters in 2019.COA of Formula: C10H14O4 This article mentions the following:

The gold-catalyzed hydrofluorination reaction of internal alkynes using hydrofluoric acid is reported. Notably, these conditions use one of the most economical sources of HF and are free of addnl. additives. Both sym. and unsym. internal alkynes can be utilized, and the use of alkynes bearing a fluorinated group at the propargylic position as substrates allowed for a regioselective hydrofluorination reaction. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9COA of Formula: C10H14O4).

Diethyl 2-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)malonate (cas: 17920-23-9) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Many esters have the potential for conformational isomerism, but they tend to adopt an s-cis (or Z) conformation rather than the s-trans (or E) alternative, due to a combination of hyperconjugation and dipole minimization effects. The preference for the Z conformation is influenced by the nature of the substituents and solvent, if present. Lactones with small rings are restricted to the s-trans (i.e. E) conformation due to their cyclic structure.COA of Formula: C10H14O4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Evaluation of phytochemical profiles and relationships of compounds in Lippia citriodora during multiple growth-exploitation phases was written by Shahhoseini, Reza. And the article was included in Biochemical Systematics and Ecology in 2022.SDS of cas: 105-87-3 This article mentions the following:

In the present study the variations of biomass, essential oil content and composition of lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora) during different growth-exploitation phases from 27^th May 2020 to 8^th June 2021 were investigated. The uniform rooted cuttings were planted in the greenhouse under natural light. The aerial parts of lemon verbena at flowering stage were harvested at six times included 27th May (H₁), 29th August (H₂), 4th Nov. (H₃), 17th Jan. (H₄), 27th March (H₅), and 8th June (H₆). Hydro distillated essential oils were analyzed by using GC-FID and GC/MS techniques to determine the essential oil profile. Results showed a considerable variation in plant biomass, essential oil quantity and quality at different harvesting times. Plant biomass increased by 66.83% up to fourth harvesting time (H₄) then decreased. During the studied harvesting frequencies the essential oil content of L. citriodora showed a sinusoidal trend. The highest essential oil content (0.858% v/w) and yield (17.95 L ha^-1) were obtained at third harvesting time (H₃) and in the followed harvesting times their contents were decreased. The observed changes in the essential oil composition of L. citriodora during different harvesting times were due to the relative proportions of constituents and the presence of new constituents. In the all essential oil samples, oxygenated monoterpenes represented by geranial (25.42-30.11%) and neral (19.81-24.19%) were the predominant compounds The highest ratio of monoterpenes to sesquiterpenes compounds (≈5:1) was recorded in collected plants at third harvesting time. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, (E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3SDS of cas: 105-87-3).

(E)-3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl acetate (cas: 105-87-3) belongs to esters. Volatile esters with characteristic odours are used in synthetic flavours, perfumes, and cosmetics. Certain volatile esters are used as solvents for lacquers, paints, and varnishes. Esters are more polar than ethers but less polar than alcohols. They participate in hydrogen bonds as hydrogen-bond acceptors, but cannot act as hydrogen-bond donors, unlike their parent alcohols. This ability to participate in hydrogen bonding confers some water-solubility.SDS of cas: 105-87-3

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Recycled polyethylene/polyethylene-ethylene-1-octene-maleic anhydride composite with improved mechanical properties was written by He, Hezhi;Wang, Yi;Gao, Jun;Huang, Zhaoxia;Liu, Yufan;Tian, Guidong;Xu, Li;Zhu, Zhiwen. And the article was included in Journal of Applied Polymer Science in 2022.Product Details of 6683-19-8 This article mentions the following:

In this work, we confirmed that the major sort of impurity in waste polyethylene (PE) packing films is calcium carbonate. Consequently, PE/poly(ethylene-co-1-octene)-maleic anhydride (rPE/POE-g-MAH) and poly(ethylene-co-1-octene) (rPE/POE) composites were recycled using a custom-made three-screw extruder, who can supply intensive shear flow during extrusion. The POE-g-MAH is detected to be filled between PE and inorganic impurities, and the compatibility is improved through chem. reactions. As mech. test manifested, the rPE/POE-g-MAH blends present higher tensile strength and elongation at break than the rPE/POE blends at the same composition The reason for such improved toughness of composite was explained in detail through the tensile fracture surface anal. Rheol. test further shows that POE-g-MAH improves the compatibility of matrix and impurities. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8Product Details of 6683-19-8).

2,2-Bis(((3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoyl)oxy)methyl)propane-1,3-diyl bis(3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propanoate) (cas: 6683-19-8) belongs to esters. Esters are widespread in nature and are widely used in industry. In nature, fats are in general triesters derived from glycerol and fatty acids. Esters are responsible for the aroma of many fruits. Liquid esters of low volatility serve as softening agents for resins and plastics. Esters also include many industrially important polymers. Polymethyl methacrylate is a glass substitute sold under the names Lucite and Plexiglas; polyethylene terephthalate is used as a film (Mylar) and as textile fibres sold as Terylene, Fortrel, and Dacron.Product Details of 6683-19-8

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics