Category: 929-77-1

Yilmaz, Nadir published the artcileDetermination of the Optimum Blend Ratio of Diesel, Waste Oil Derived Biodiesel and 1-Pentanol Using the Response Surface Method, Application In Synthesis of 929-77-1, the main research area is diesel waste oil biodiesel pentanol blend response surface method.

Higher alcs. can be included as a third component in biodiesel-diesel mixtures to improve fuel properties and reduce emissions. Determining the optimum concentrations of these fuels according to the purpose of engine use is important both environmentally and economically. In this study, eight different concentrations of diesel (D), waste oil derived biodiesel (WOB), and 1-pentanol (P) ternary mixtures were determined by the design of exptl. method (DOE). In order to determine the engine performance and exhaust emission parameters of these fuels, they were tested on a diesel engine with a constant load of 6 kW and a constant engine speed of 1800 rpm. Using the test results obtained, a full quadratic math. model with a 95% confidence level was created using the Response Surface Method (RSM) to predict five different output parameters (BSFC, BTE, CO, HC, and NOx) according to the fuel mixture ratios. The R2 accuracy values of the outputs were found at the reliability level. According to the criteria that BTE will be maximum and BSFC, CO, HC, and NOx emissions will be min., the optimization determined that the fuel mixture 79.09% D-8.33% WOB-12.58% P concentration (DWOBPopt) will produce the desired result. A low prediction error was obtained with the confirmation test. As a result, it is concluded that the optimized fuel can be an alternative to the commonly accepted B7 blend and can be used safely in diesel engines.

Energies (Basel, Switzerland) published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Application In Synthesis of 929-77-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Vellaiyan, Suresh published the artcileWater in waste-derived oil emulsion fuel with cetane improver: Formulation, characterization and its optimization for efficient and cleaner production, Quality Control of 929-77-1, the main research area is cetane water oil emulsion fuel optimization cleaner production.

The present study aims to formulate the water emulsified waste-derived biodiesel with cetane improver and find its optimum concentration for an efficient and cleaner production from the diesel engines. A waste-derived Lemon peel oil (LPO) is emulsified in diesel fuel along with water, and 2-Ethylhexyl nitrate (EHN). Four levels of each parameter have been chosen for the fuel preparation The experiments are performed in a naturally aspirated diesel engine at maximum brake power conditions based on the L16 orthogonal array. A gray-relational anal. is opted to optimize the performances and emissions responses, and the statistical influence of the operating parameters is estimated based on the anal. of variance. A comprehensive study has also been conducted to understand the improvement in performance and emission parameters at the optimum level. From the results, the optimum condition of LPO, water, and EHN is identified as 20%, 10%, and 2%, resp. The water concentration in base fuel has a contribution of 65.94% on overall engine behavior, whereas the contribution of LPO and EHN is 26.72% and 7.34%, resp. Besides, the confirmation experiment at the optimum condition shows that the signal-to-noise ratio is improved by 40.8% compared to the initial best condition.

Fuel Processing Technology published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Quality Control of 929-77-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Na Rungsi, Artita published the artcileTuning the porosity of sulfur-resistant Pd-Pt/MCM-41 bimetallic catalysts for partial hydrogenation of soybean oil-derived biodiesel, Synthetic Route of 929-77-1, the main research area is sulfur palladium platinum MCM41 soybean oil partial hydrogenation catalyst.

Partial hydrogenation of soybean oil-derived fatty acid Me esters was studied using MCM-41 mesoporous silica-supported Pd-Pt bimetallic catalysts with tunable porosity under mild reaction conditions (100°C, 0.4 MPa H2, 4 h). This process produced partially hydrogenated fatty acid Me esters (H-FAME) as a new type of high-quality biodiesel fuel enriched in monounsaturated fatty acid Me esters (mono-FAME), which is a potential source for formulating high blends of biodiesel fuel with petrodiesel. MCM-41 supports with various structural properties and morphologies were synthesized by self-assembly with different amounts of ammonia solution as a mineralizing agent. Bimetallic Pd-Pt nanoparticles with a Pd/Pt at. ratio of 4 were stepwise impregnated on three MCM-41 supports, resulting in a series of Pd-Pt/MCM-41 bimetallic catalysts with tunable porosity (0.89-1.79 cm3 g-1), average pore size (3.2-8.5 nm), and particle size (0.12-0.62μm). The Pd-Pt/MCM-41 catalyst prepared with the least amount of ammonia produced the best partial hydrogenation conversion of polyunsaturated FAME into mono-FAME, ascribed to nano-aggregation resulting in a dual-pore system containing large pores for fast mol. diffusion; a high turnover frequency (1920 h-1), larger k1 rate constant (0.60 gcat-1h-1), and smaller k2 rate constant (0.37 gcat-1h-1) were obtained. Furthermore, this Pd-Pt/MCM-41 catalyst exhibited excellent sulfur resistance in the synthesis of H-FAME, even though the feedstocks contained approx. 5 ppm of sulfur contaminates. These results demonstrate that the sulfur-resistant Pd-Pt/MCM-41 bimetallic catalysts with stable and dual pore system are beneficial for obtaining higher quality BDF to reduce our reliance on fossil fuels.

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Synthetic Route of 929-77-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kalu-Uka, Godwin Mong published the artcileProspects for biodiesel production from Macrotermes nigeriensis: Process optimization and characterization of biodiesel properties, Application In Synthesis of 929-77-1, the main research area is biodiesel production macrotermes nigeriensis process optimization.

The use of insects as feedstock for biodiesel production has sparsely been studied and very little is known of the fuel properties and engine performance of insect biodiesel. In this study, biodiesel was initially produced from an insect feedstock M. nigeriensis, then its physicochem. properties were characterized. The biodiesel was produced via the three-step process of lipid extraction, acid esterification (1 wt% H2SO4) and alk. transesterification (0.5 wt% NaOH). The optimal reaction time, temperature and methanol-oil molar ratio for the acid-esterification process resulted in a free fatty acid conversion of 96.58%. The volumetric yield, fatty acid Me esters content and physicochem. properties of M. nigeriensis biodiesel were analyzed using various anal. equipment such as the GC-HRMS, and 1H NMR. Anal. of the production process showed that 86.54 vol% biodiesel was obtained from M. nigeriensis oil. Further anal. showed that the biodiesel contained 96.72% fatty acid Me esters. The composition of the fatty acid Me esters was found to be 48% saturated esters and 52% monosatd. esters. The biodiesel d. (841 kg m-3), viscosity (2.32 mm2 s-1), flash point (125°C), pour point (-15°C), cetane number (51.4), higher heating value (41.8 MJ kg-1) and acid value (0.44 mgKOH.g-1) were in compliance with the ASTM D6751 standards One of the important results to highlight is the remarkably low viscosity of the biodiesel, which is attributed to the high concentration of monounsaturated fatty acid Me esters. Lower viscosity of fuel helps to improve fuel atomization and combustion efficiency, and hence lower emissions. The absence of polyunsaturated fatty acid esters also indicates that the biodiesel will have good oxidation stability.

Biomass and Bioenergy published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Application In Synthesis of 929-77-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Changmai, Bishwajit published the artcileBiodiesel production using a renewable mesoporous solid catalyst, HPLC of Formula: 929-77-1, the main research area is biodiesel production renewable mesoporous solid catalyst.

Heterogeneous solid catalysts have been largely developed for biodiesel production, because of their attractive acid-base properties, strong hydrothermal stability, and efficient recovery/reusability. In this framework, developing bio-waste derived heterogeneous catalysts has attracted immense attention for several catalytic applications, owing to their inexpensive, high abundance, non-toxic, and adequate acid-base properties. In the present work, we investigated the catalytic performance of a biomass-derived orange peel ash (OPA), which contains a porous structure, as a raw heterogeneous catalyst for the transesterification of soybean oil to biodiesel. About 98% conversion of soybean oil to biodiesel was obtained under the optimized reaction conditions i.e., 6:1 methanol:oil ratio, 7 weight% catalyst loading, 7 h reaction time at ambient reaction temperature, which ascribed to the presence of abundant basic sites in the developed OPA catalyst. The catalyst can be reused for five successive cycles and shows good stability towards the biodiesel production

Industrial Crops and Products published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, HPLC of Formula: 929-77-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Bharte, Supriya published the artcileThe enhanced lipid productivity of Chlorella minutissima and Chlorella pyrenoidosa by carbon coupling nitrogen manipulation for biodiesel production, Synthetic Route of 929-77-1, the main research area is Chlorella lipid biodiesel carbon coupling nitrogen manipulation; Changing carbon-nitrogen content; Chlorella minutissima; Chlorella pyrenoidosa; Fatty acid methyl esters; Lipid production; Sulpho-phospho-vanillin assay.

Biodiesel production from microalgae has been researched extensively and attempted to commercialize on a large scale, but there are major hurdles in the production process like harvesting and low lipid content, which should be studied to enhance the process and make it economical. Present study aimed to improve the lipid productivity of Chlorella minutissima and Chlorella pyrenoidosa by modifying the carbon and nitrogen content of the medium. Both organisms were grown in BG11 medium for the first 6 days and thereafter grown in a modified BG11 medium completely deprived of nitrogen for 2 to 10 days. Nitrogen deprivation increased the lipid productivity of Chlorella minutissima to 20% and that of Chlorella pyrenoidosa to 17.6% by day 6. This was further coupled with carbon addition in the form of citric acid (5 g/L), sodium acetate (5 g/L), sodium carbonate (5 g/L), and sodium potassium tartarate (5 g/L), which increased the total lipid productivity of Chlorella minutissima up to 24% and that of Chlorella pyrenoidosa up to 23%. The highest lipid productivity of up to 24% for Chlorella minutissima and up to 23% for Chlorella pyrenoidosa was observed with nitrogen deprivation coupled with sodium acetate. Acidic transesterification revealed the presence of fatty acid Me esters, majority of which consisted of hexadecenoic acid Me ester and octadecanoic acid Me ester. Maximum of 3% fatty acid Me esters for Chlorella minutissima and 4% for Chlorella pyrenoidosa were obtained under nitrogen deprivation and sodium acetate as a carbon source. Thus, nitrogen deprivation coupled with sodium acetate as an increased carbon source in BG11 medium helps to increase the lipid productivity of Chlorella minutissima and Chlorella pyrenoidosa, and produces long-chain fatty acid Me esters of C17 and C19 along with C21, C25, and C29.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Synthetic Route of 929-77-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cahyo Kumoro, Andri published the artcileUltrasound-assisted transesterification of tropical goat fat – Palm oil blend for biodiesel synthesis, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is tropical goat fat palm oil blend biodiesel synthesis.

The increasing trend of global energy demand has encouraged the development of renewable energies, especially those derived from biomass and agricultural residues. This work aimed to study the effect of catalyst loading, temperature, and methanol-to-oil molar ratio on the yield and the reaction kinetics of ultrasound-assisted transesterification of tropical goat fats for biodiesel synthesis. Prior to trans-esterification, the oil extracted from the tropical goat fat was mixed with an equal volume of tropical palm oil to prevent its solidification tendency. To reduce the free fatty acids content of the mixed oil, it was esterified using a methanol-to-oil molar ratio of 9 employing 1 wt% sulfuric acid as the catalyst at 65 °C and 400 rpm agitation speed for 60 min. Then, the esterified oil was further subjected to an ultrasound-assisted transesterification system with sodium hydroxide catalyst for the reaction kinetics and biodiesel synthesis studies. The biodiesel properties were evaluated by both laboratory tests and BiodieselAnalyzer software, which employs the fatty acid Me ester composition obtained from GC-MS anal. The highest conversion (78.50%) was achieved at 65 °C, 2.5 wt% of NaOH, and 8:1 methanol/oil blend molar ratio for 60 min. The pseudo-first order reaction fitted all the exptl. data very well by giving the R2 values higher than 0.98 and an apparent reaction rate constant of 2.15×10-2 min-1 at the optimum condition. Furthermore, all the examined biodiesel physicochem. properties fulfilled the ASTM D6751 standard suggesting the promising potential of goat fats as the raw material for biodiesel manufacture

Energy Conversion and Management: X published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Cao, Xiyue published the artcileOne-step direct transesterification of wet yeast for biodiesel production catalyzed by magnetic nanoparticle-immobilized lipase, Recommanded Product: Methyl docosanoate, the main research area is lipase wet yeast biodiesel magnetic nanoparticle transesterification.

To develop a method for direct transesterification of wet yeast using immobilized lipase, the oleaginous yeast Saitozyma podzolica Zwy-2-3 and the lipase producing Burkholderia pyrrolica WZ10-3 were used as materials for production of biodiesel. Fe3O4@SiO2-CHO prepared by modifying Fe3O4 with TEOS, APTES and glutaraldehyde. The biocatalysts covalently cross-linked with WZ10-3 lipase by Fe3O4@SiO2-CHO were characterized by FTIR, XRD and TEM. When the enzyme dosage, glutaraldehyde concentration, temperature and time were 30.22 mL, 2.0%, 40°C and 4 h, the immobilized lipase activity and immobilization rate reached 10038.0 U/g and 96.9%, resp. The optimum temperatures for immobilized and free lipase were 60 degrees and 40 degrees. The immobilized enzyme still had 80% enzymic activity after 48 d storage at 4°C. The optimized conditions for the direct conversion of immobilized lipase to esterified wet yeast (one-step) were: enzyme dosage 2.5 g, reaction temperature 35°C; water content 15%; and molar ratio of n-hexane to methanol 3: 1. The transesterification rates of one-step method for oil and biomass were 98.12% and 56.11%, resp. In contrast, the two-step method was only 88.75% and 51.21%. The immobilized enzyme had 90% enzyme activity after 10 times of reuse.

Renewable Energy published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Recommanded Product: Methyl docosanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Balakrishnan, A. published the artcileExperimental correlation of laminar flame pollutant emission indices with methyl ester fuel degree of unsaturation and equivalence ratio, HPLC of Formula: 929-77-1, the main research area is methyl ester fuel unsaturation equivalence laminar fame pollutant emission.

Fuel unsaturation has been widely cited as a reason for the increased nitric oxide emissions from compression ignition engines when fueled with Me esters (biodiesels) and their blends with petroleum counterparts. In an earlier study, a parameter called degree of unsaturation (DOU) was established to serve as a common platform across different fuel families (esters/alkanes/aromatics) to quantify the effects of fuel unsaturation, particularly with petroleum/biodiesel blends. DOU can be evaluated based on the average mol. formula of the fuel alone without involving complex and expensive exptl. procedures such as those involved in the measurement of iodine number and bromine number In this article, the fuel unsaturation effects on the emission characteristics from the laminar flames of blends of various pre-vaporized Me esters, such as Me oleate, neat biodiesels (from Me esters of soy, canola, palm and rapeseed feedstock) and biodiesel blends were investigated at four burner-exit equivalence ratios of 0.9, 1.0, 1.2 and 1.5. The selection of these fuels for this study was an attempt to isolate the fuel unsaturation effect of biodiesels, and their blending effect with petroleum fuels. Exptl. correlations were developed between DOU (over a range of 1.7-2.5) and global NO and CO emission indexes as a function of equivalence ratio. The effects of DOU on EINO were significantly influenced by the equivalence ratio, with the maximum influence at an equivalence ratio of 1.2.

Fuel published new progress about Biodiesel fuel. 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, HPLC of Formula: 929-77-1.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sazawa, Kazuto published the artcileEvaluation of carbon mineralization and structural alterations of organic carbon in high-moor peat soils during incubation, Name: Methyl docosanoate, the main research area is organic carbon moor peat soil mineralization incubation.

The quantity and quality of soil organic matter (SOM) in the wetlands and peatlands are important for evaluating of the effects of environmental changes. This study’s aim was to evaluate the change in the chem. properties of SOM and dissolved organic matter (DOM) during a constant temperature incubation of high-moor peat soil under two types of vegetation. Incubation of high-moor peat soils collected from marsh vegetation and dwarf bamboo was conducted for 108 days at each temperature of 25°C and 35°C. The chem. properties of alk. extract and DOM in soil samples during incubation were analyzed by tetramethylammonium hydroxide thermochemolysis-gas chromatog.-mass spectrometry (TMAH-GC/MS) and fluorescence anal. The cumulative CO2 emission from peat under dwarf bamboo was higher than that of peat under marsh vegetation. During incubation at 35°C, plant and microbial residues in DOM extracted from dwarf bamboo soil were increased significantly at the early stages of culture. On the other hand, the components of DOM in the marsh vegetation soil sample did not significantly change between incubation at each temperature The fluorescence spectra showed that protein-like fluorescent DOM contained in dwarf bamboo soil is consumed by microorganisms, which promotes leaching of humic-like fluorescent DOM and carbon mineralization during the incubation period at a higher temperature Compared with marsh vegetation soil, the DOM in dwarf bamboo soil is susceptible to temperature rises and can be a larger source of CO2 emissions. This study shows that evaluation of DOM properties in soil could be useful to assess the effect of climate change on soil environment.

Journal of Soils and Sediments published new progress about Bamboo (dwarf). 929-77-1 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Methyl docosanoate, and the molecular formula is C23H46O2, Name: Methyl docosanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics