Category: 6197-30-4

On October 31, 2021, Beiras, Ricardo published an article.Recommanded Product: 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate The title of the article was Towards standard methods for the classification of aquatic toxicity for biologically active household chemicals (BAHC) present in plastics, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetic products. And the article contained the following:

A standard method to test the aquatic toxicity of biol. active household chems. (BAHC), including those with very low water solubility, is proposed. The method uses the common marine models Paracentrotus lividus embryos and Acartia clausi larvae, in order to advance towards derivation of water quality criteria for these emerging pollutants that currently lack environmental standards Depending on the water solubility and octanol-water partition coefficient (Kow) of the substance, the protocol consists of testing the toxicity of the substances by serial dilutions of water stocks, dimethyl-sulfoxide stocks, or 100 mg/L lixiviates in seawater. When this method is applied to eleven model BAHC, the pharmaceutical fluoxetine, the antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene, and the UV filters broadly present in cosmetics octocrylene and 4-methylbenzylidene camphor, are classified as very toxic to aquatic life, since their EC50 values are < 1 mg/L. In general, both biol. models, P. lividus and A. clausi, yield the same classification of the substances tested, but variations in the classification of aquatic toxicity depending on methodol. aspects are discussed. The use of A. clausi nauplii provides more protecting value to the toxicity parameters obtained by using this protocol. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate(cas: 6197-30-4).Recommanded Product: 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate

The Article related to aquatic toxicity bahc plastic pharmaceutical cosmetic product, copepods, echinoderms, larvae, toxicity, uv filters, water quality, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Recommanded Product: 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Phelan-Dickinson, Sarah J.; Palmer, Brian C.; Chen, Yue; DeLouise, Lisa A. published an article in 2020, the title of the article was The UVR filter octinoxate modulates aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling in keratinocytes via inhibition of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1.Safety of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate And the article contains the following content:

UV radiation (UVR) is a consistent part of the environment that has both beneficial and harmful effects on human health. UVR filters in the form of com. sunscreens have been widely used to reduce the neg. health effects of UVR exposure. Despite their benefit, literature suggests that some filters can penetrate skin and have off-target biol. effects. We noted that many organic filters are hydrophobic and contain aromatic rings, making them potential modulators of Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) signaling. We hypothesized that some filters may be able to act as agonists or antagonists on the AhR. Using a luciferase reporter cell line, we observed that the UVR filter octinoxate potentiated the ability of the known AhR ligand, 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ), to activate the AhR. Cotreatments of keratinocytes with octinoxate and FICZ lead to increased levels of cytochrome P 4501A1 (CYP1A1) and P 4501B1 (CYP1B1) mRNA transcripts, in an AhR-dependent fashion. Mechanistic studies revealed that octinoxate is an inhibitor of CYP1A1 and CYP1B1, with IC50 values at approx. 1 μM and 586 nM, resp. In vivo topical application of octinoxate and FICZ also elevated CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 mRNA levels in mouse skin. Our results show that octinoxate is able to indirectly modulate AhR signaling by inhibiting CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 enzyme function, which may have important downstream consequences for the metabolism of various compounds and skin integrity. It is important to continue studying the off-target effects of octinoxate and other UVR filters, because they are used on skin on a daily basis world-wide. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate(cas: 6197-30-4).Safety of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate

The Article related to octinoxate aryl hydrocarbon receptor cyp1a1 cyp1b1 keratinocyte, cyp1a1, cyp1b1, aryl hydrocarbon receptor, octinoxate, sunscreens, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Safety of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On July 31, 2021, Meng, Qi; Yeung, Karen; Chan, King Ming published an article.Category: esters-buliding-blocks The title of the article was Toxic effects of octocrylene on zebrafish larvae and liver cell line (ZFL). And the article contained the following:

Octocrylene (OC) is a broad-spectrum UV-absorbing chem. used in sunscreen and other personal care products. Its health effects are a concern because it has been detected in water, fish, humans, and food chains. In vivo and in vitro investigations were performed in zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae and a zebrafish liver cell line (ZFL), resp., to understand the potential risks and mol. mechanisms of OC toxicity. The 96-h median lethal concentration (LC50) of OC was determined to be 251.8 μM in larvae and 5.5 μM in ZFL cells. Quant. real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) showed that OC induced the expression of genes for CYPs (CYP1A, CYP3A65), estrogen receptors (ERα, ERβ1, GPER), vitellogenin (VTG1), and sex determination (BRCA2, CYP19A, DMRT1, SOX9A), both in vitro and in vivo. A whole-transcriptome sequencing method was used to evaluate the gene expression profile of larvae exposed to OC. OC was found to mediate the biosynthesis of estrogens (such as estriol) and affect the antioxidant pathway (glutathione transferases and peroxisome). These findings clarify the toxic effects and mol. mechanisms of OC and support banning its use in cosmetics. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate(cas: 6197-30-4).Category: esters-buliding-blocks

The Article related to octocrylene toxic effect zebrafish larvae liver cell line, endocrine disruption, gene transcription, rna-seq, sexual differentiation, sunscreen chemicals, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Category: esters-buliding-blocks

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Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On October 31, 2021, Ren, Lu; Ji, Hongtao; Heuze, Karine; Faure, Bruno; Genin, Emilie; Rousselot Pailley, Pierre; Tron, Thierry published an article.SDS of cas: 6197-30-4 The title of the article was Modulation of laccase catalyzed oxidations at the surface of magnetic nanoparticles. And the article contained the following:

We explored the coupling of laccases to magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) with different surface chem. coating. Two laccase variants offering two opposite and precise orientations of the substrate oxidation site were immobilized onto core-shell MNPs presenting either aliphatic aldehyde, aromatic aldehyde or azide functional groups at the particles surface. Oxidation capabilities of the six-resulting laccase-MNP hybrids were compared on ABTS and coniferyl alc. Herein, we show that the original interfaces created differ substantially in their reactivities with an amplitude from 1 to > 4 folds depending on the nature of the substrate. Taking enzyme orientation into account in the design of surface modification represents a way to introduce selectivity in laccase catalyzed reactions. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate(cas: 6197-30-4).SDS of cas: 6197-30-4

The Article related to magnetic nanoparticle surface laccase catalyzed oxidation modulation, chemical coating, laccase orientation, magnetic nano-particles, oxidations, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.SDS of cas: 6197-30-4

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Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On February 1, 2022, Li, Wen-Long; Zhang, Zi-Feng; Kilgallon, John; Sparham, Chris; Li, Yi-Fan; Yuan, Yi-Xing published an article.Reference of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate The title of the article was Fate of household and personal care chemicals in typical urban wastewater treatment plants indicate different seasonal patterns and removal mechanisms. And the article contained the following:

Studies on the presence and fate of household and personal care chems. (HPCCs) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are important due to their increasing consumption worldwide. The seasonal patterns and removal mechanisms of HPCCs are not well understood for WWTPs that apply different treatment technologies. To answer these questions, the sewage and sludge samples were taken from 10 typical WWTPs in Northeast China. Levels of UV filters in the influents in the warm season were significantly greater than that of the cold season (p < 0.05). Significant seasonal differences were found for the removals of many HPCCs. Results revealed that the highest removal efficiencies were found for linear alkylbenzene sulfonates with values ranging from 97.2% to 99.7%, and the values were 50.0%-99.9% for other HPCCs. The SimpleTreat model demonstrated that the studied WWTPs were operating with high efficiency at the time of sampling. The sorption of HPCCs to sludge can be strongly associated with their physicochem. parameters. Mass balance calculation suggested that sorption was the dominant mechanism for the removal of antimicrobials, while degradation and/or biotransformation were the other mechanisms for removing the most HPCCs in the WWTPs. This study real the factors influencing the seasonal patterns and removal mechanisms which imply the need for further studies to fully understands the plant and human health implications as sludge could be used in the municipal land application of biosolids. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate(cas: 6197-30-4).Reference of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate

The Article related to hpcc urban wastewater treatment plant seasonal pattern removal mechanism, household and personal care products, modeling, removal, sewage, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.Reference of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Abdi, Sayed Aliul Hasan; Ali, Amena; Sayed, Shabihul Fatma; Nagarajan, Sumathi; Abutahir; Alam, Prawez; Ali, Abuzer published an article in 2022, the title of the article was Sunscreen Ingredient Octocrylene′s Potency to Disrupt Vitamin D Synthesis.HPLC of Formula: 6197-30-4 And the article contains the following content:

Octocrylene is a widely used ingredient in sunscreen products, and it has been observed that the use of sunscreen has been increasing over the last few decades. In this paper, we investigated the way in which sunscreen′s ingredient octocrylene may disrupt normal vitamin D synthesis pathway, resulting in an imbalance in vitamin D levels in the body. The key techniques used for this insilico investigation were mol. docking, mol. dynamic (MD) simulation, and MMPBSA-based assessment. Vitamin D abnormalities have become very common in human health. Unknown exposure to chems. may be one of the important risk factors. In mol. docking anal., octocrylene exhibited a binding energy of -11.52 kcal/mol with vitamin D binding protein (1KXP) and -11.71 for the calcitriol native ligand. Octocrylene had a binding potency of -11.152 kcal/mol with the vitamin D receptor (1DB1), and calcitriol had a binding potency of -8.73 kcal/mol. In addition, octocrylene has shown binding energy of -8.96 kcal/mol with CYP2R1, and the calcitriol binding energy was -10.36 kcal/mol. Regarding stability, the root-mean-square deviation (RMSD), the root-mean-square fluctuation (RMSF), the radius of gyration, hydrogen bonding, and the solvent-accessible surface area (SASA) exhibited that octocrylene has a stable binding pattern similar to calcitriol. These findings revealed that incessant exposure to octocrylene may disrupt normal vitamin D synthesis. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate(cas: 6197-30-4).HPLC of Formula: 6197-30-4

The Article related to vitamin d synthesis octocrylene potency sunscreen ingredient, in silico study, octocrylene, sunscreen’s ingredient, vitamin d disruption, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.HPLC of Formula: 6197-30-4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On June 30, 2021, El Khoury, Rindala; Abboud, Marie; Michael-Jubeli, Rime; Yagoubi, Najet; Baillet-Guffroy, Arlette; Rizk, Toufic; Tfayli, Ali; Lteif, Roger published an article.COA of Formula: C24H27NO2 The title of the article was EBT3 Gafchromic film as a new substrate for in vitro evaluation of sun protection factor. And the article contained the following:

There exist different methods for the determination of sun protection factor (SPF) values for sunscreens. We aimed to develop a new in vitro method using EBT3 Gafchromic film as a substrate. The color of EBT3 Gafchromic film changes when exposed to UV light. Films were covered by sunscreen preparations of different SPF values ranging from 0 to 50. Uncovered and covered films were exposed to different solar light energies and their color change was compared. Absorbance spectra of films was measured at 633 nm using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer apparatus The color of the film darkens when UV energy increases, which means that absorbance increases with exposure time. However, when films are covered by sunscreens, the color change is less visible and the absorbance significantly decreases with increasing SPF value. There is a linear correlation between the absorbance of EBT3 Gafchromic film and SPF value of sunscreens covering the film. Statistical anal. demonstrated that the SPF value of a sunscreen can be predicted using EBT3 Gafchromic film as a substrate. This is the first report of an in vitro method based on color change of a substrate which takes into consideration exposure time, and relates more closely to conditions of real-life. Based on these parameters, this is a reliable in vitro method for SPF testing. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate(cas: 6197-30-4).COA of Formula: C24H27NO2

The Article related to sun protection factor sunscreen uv radiation ebt3 gafchromic film, gafchromic® ebt3, film dosimetry, skin protection, sun protection factor, ultraviolet radiation, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.COA of Formula: C24H27NO2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On December 31, 2021, Mejia-Giraldo, Juan C.; Winkler, Robert; Puertas-Mejia, Miguel published an article.COA of Formula: C24H27NO2 The title of the article was Novel UV filters from Pentacalia pulchella extracts with photoprotective properties and antioxidant activity. And the article contained the following:

Most of the plant species found in the high mountain ecosystems of the tropics is unique and exceptional, because they have developed complex adaptations to survive in extreme environmental conditions, such as high levels of UVR and low temperatures of these ecol. environments. In an exploratory study carried out on some plants of this ecosystem, we found that one of the most promising species was the Pentacalia pulchella (Kunth) Cuatrec. (Asteraceae) an endemic plant of Colombia, which grows between 2500 and 3500 m.a.s.l. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the photoprotective, antioxidant, and chem. composition of extracts from the leaves of P. pulchella. Extracts showed good absorption coefficients in UVA-UVB, high content of total phenols, with antioxidant activity comparable to that obtained with butylhydroxytoluene (BHT). Finally, the formulation labeled “7” with 10% extract presented adequate sensory characteristics for topical use, good in vitro photoprotection values in the UVA-UVB range (SPF (Sun Protection Factor): 7.3 ± 0.9, UVAPF (UV A Protection Factor): 5.3 ± 0.6, λc 376), and antioxidant activity. The extract of P. pulchella has a high potential as a source of new natural solar filters. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate(cas: 6197-30-4).COA of Formula: C24H27NO2

The Article related to pentacalia caffeoylquinic acid hexose methyl linoleate octocrylene chlorophyll antioxidant, natural sunscreens, pentacalia pulchella, photoprotection, uva–uvb radiation, Placeholder for records without volume info and other aspects.COA of Formula: C24H27NO2

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On May 31, 2022, Szeto, Mindy D.; Kokoska, Ryan E.; Maghfour, Jalal; Rundle, Chandler W.; Presley, Colby L.; Harp, Taylor; Hamp, Austin; Wegener, Victoria; Hugh, Jeremy; Dellavalle, Robert P. published an article.Application In Synthesis of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate The title of the article was An analysis of public sunscreen distribution in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. And the article contained the following:

The present article is about anal. of public sunscreen distribution in the United States during the COVID-19 pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic might have significantly affected consumer preferences and societal behavior regarding sun protection and skin cancer. We present a pandemic-era follow-up of previous research published in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatol. on public use of sunscreen distributed by IMPACT Melanoma, a prominent nationwide sunscreen distributor and nonprofit organization for skin cancer prevention and education. Melanoma’s distribution records from 2020 to 2021 were retrospectively analyzed and compared with those from 2018 to 2019. Health care facilities, public health departments, governmental organizations, parks or recreation centers, educational institutions, nonprofits, and private businesses ordered both sunscreen dispensers and cases of different sunscreen types for public use. Every sector showed decreases in the overall orders of sunscreen dispensers (58%) and cases of sunscreen (68%). Park or recreation center and nonprofit organization total sunscreen and dispenser orders (the most common in 2018-2019) decreased in 2020 to 2021 by 78% and 42%, resp. Orders of hybrid sunscreen grew by 41%, driven primarily by hospitals, which also ordered more sunscreen dispensers and likely experienced increased volume at facilities and outreach events (eg, vaccination drives) during the COVID-19 pandemic. In total, Wyoming, Maine, South Dakota, and Massachusetts received the most dispensers and sunscreens by state population from 2020 to 2021 With social distancing, mask mandates, stay-at home orders, and popularity of outdoor activities in flux, it remains unclear how COVID-19 has affected cumulative UV exposure. Required mask-wearing in public settings might contribute to reduced sunscreen use because combining masks with sunscreens can cause skin irritation, pruritus, and occlusion. Addnl., some may equate mask use to sufficient sun protection, although masks confer unknown and variable UV protection. Further research should directly investigate changes in individuals’ sunscreen application behaviors. Although limited by our 2-yr periods of organizational distribution anal., our findings highlight worrisome trends that may be suggestive of increased sun damage risk and warrant addnl. investigation. Consumer research has suggested that the pandemic has eroded consumer attitudes regarding sun protection, and a large fraction now only uses sunscreen on an as-needed basis (eg, long beach vacations or special occasions). Dermatologists can encourage greater awareness about sun protection for everyday outdoor experiences, for indoors, and during colder months, regardless of COVID-19einduced changes and mask-wearing. Melanoma’s touch-free automated sunscreen dispensers and extensive virtual or online outreach programs will be advantageous. However, melanoma rates continue to rise, and the pandemic’s long-term effects are yet to be seen. As sunscreen application and UV exposure data become available in the near future, further examination of UV-associated skin cancer by state or region may be useful in informing outreach efforts and policy. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate(cas: 6197-30-4).Application In Synthesis of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate

The Article related to covid19 pandemic skin cancer sunscreen united states, History, Education, and Documentation: Other and other aspects.Application In Synthesis of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

On October 31, 2021, Ginzburg, Aurora L.; Blackburn, Richard S.; Santillan, Claudia; Truong, Lisa; Tanguay, Robyn L.; Hutchison, James E. published an article.Application of 6197-30-4 The title of the article was Zinc oxide-induced changes to sunscreen ingredient efficacy and toxicity under UV irradiation. And the article contained the following:

Sunscreen safety and efficacy is generally evaluated based upon the properties of the individual chems. in a formulation. However, the photostability of sunscreens has been shown to be highly dependent on the mixture of chems. present. To better understand how sunscreen formulation influences stability, and to establish a foundation for probing the influence of zinc oxide additives, we formulated five different small-mol. based UV-filter (UV-filter) mixtures with a Sun Protection Factor (SPF) of 15. These mixtures contained active ingredients approved in either the United States or European Union and were designed to represent formulations of actual products on the market. We evaluated the photostability and toxicity of these mixtures in the absence and presence of zinc oxide after UV exposure for two hours. Changes in UV absorbance were minimal for all five small-mol.-based mixtures without zinc oxide. The presence of either micro- or nano-sized zinc oxide caused significant small-mol. photodegradation and the degraded mixtures exhibited higher levels of toxicity in embryonic zebrafish assays. This study suggests that caution must be taken when formulating sunscreens containing both zinc oxide and small-mol. UV-filters to avoid unintended consequences during use. The experimental process involved the reaction of 2-Ethylhexyl 2-cyano-3,3-diphenylacrylate(cas: 6197-30-4).Application of 6197-30-4

The Article related to zinc oxide sunscreen ingredient efficacy toxicity uv irradiation, formulation, photodegradation, sunscreen, toxicity, zebrafish, zinc oxide, Pharmaceuticals: Formulation and Compounding and other aspects.Application of 6197-30-4

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics