Category: 539-88-8

Lai, Jinhua published the artcileCatalytic Transfer Hydrogenation of Biomass-Derived Ethyl Levulinate into Gamma-Valerolactone Over Graphene Oxide-Supported Zirconia Catalysts, Product Details of C7H12O3, the main research area is ethyl levulinate valerolactone graphene oxide zirconia catalytic transfer hydrogenation.

Abstract: The transformation of biomass-derived intermediates into value-added chems. and liquid fuels is of great importance in sustainable chem. In this study, graphene oxide supported ZrO2 (ZrO2/GO) was found to be an active heterogeneous catalyst for the transfer hydrogenation of Et levulinate to γ-valerolactone (GVL) with iso-propanol as the hydrogen donor. Several important reaction parameters such as the hydrogen donor, the reaction temperature and the catalyst loading were studied in detail with the aim to get a high yield of GVL. It was found that the structure of alcs. had a great effect towards the activity of the ZrO2/GO catalyst and the selectivity of GVL. Iso-propanol was the best hydrogen donor for the transfer hydrogenation of Et levulinate to GVL. The highest GVL yield reached 91.7% with an Et levulinate conversion of 96.2% under optimal reaction conditions. More importantly, the ZrO2/GO catalyst demonstrated a high stability without the loss of its catalytic activity during the recycling experiments, which should be due to the strong interaction between GO and ZrO2. Graphical Abstract: The graphene oxide supported ZrO2 (ZrO2/GO) catalyst showed high activity for the transfer hydrogenation of Et levulinate to GVL with a high yield up to 91.7%.[Figure not available: see fulltext.].

Catalysis Letters published new progress about Activation energy. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Product Details of C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Nguyen, Hoang Chinh published the artcileMicrowave-mediated noncatalytic synthesis of ethyl levulinate: A green process for fuel additive production, Synthetic Route of 539-88-8, the main research area is ethyl levulinate microwave irradiation noncatalytic synthesis fuel additive production.

This study developed a new catalyst-free process for producing Et levulinate, a biofuel additive. Noncatalytic levulinic acid esterification with ethanol using microwave irradiation (MW) was compared with that using traditional heating (TH) under different reaction conditions. The results demonstrated that the esterification process using MW was more effective than that using TH. A reaction conversion of 90.38% was obtained for the esterification using MW at 473 K and reaction time of 3 h. Moreover, this study established a model for depicting the kinetics of levulinic acid esterification using MW and TH. A good fit to the data (R2 of >.9999) was achieved, indicating the validity of the developed model. The rate constants and pre-exponential factor obtained for the esterification using MW were greater than those obtained using TH. Consequently, the microwave-assisted noncatalytic synthesis is a green and promising method for preparing Et levulinate.

International Journal of Energy Research published new progress about Activation energy. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Synthetic Route of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Liu, Yingxin published the artcileOne-pot synthesis of pyrrolidone derivatives via reductive amination of levulinic acid/ester with nitriles over Pd/C catalyst, Application In Synthesis of 539-88-8, the main research area is levulinic acid reductive amination palladium pyrrolidone one pot synthesis.

The selective reductive amination of levulinic acid (LA) into pyrrolidone derivatives is regarded as one of the most promising reactions in the fields of biomass conversion into high value-added chems. Herein, we report a one-pot synthesis of N-substituted-5-methyl-2-pyrrolidones by reductive amination of LA/ester with nitriles over several com. catalysts. Among the catalysts tested, Pd/C was found to be the most efficient for the reductive amination of LA/ester with various nitriles to give high yields of pyrrolidones (up to 92%) under mild reaction conditions (80°C, 1.6 MPa H2, THF solvent). And the catalyst showed good reusability.

Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis published new progress about Activation energy. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Application In Synthesis of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Meng published the artcileA novel tannic acid-based carbon-supported cobalt catalyst for transfer hydrogenation of biomass derived ethyl levulinate, COA of Formula: C7H12O3, the main research area is carbon supported cobalt catalyst transfer hydrogenation biomass conversion; biomass; carbon support; catalyst; ethyl levulinate; hydrogen transfer; tannic acid.

The catalytic conversion of Et levulinate (EL) to γ-valerolactone (GVL) is an important intermediate reaction in the conversion and utilization of biomass resources. The development of novel and efficient catalysts is significantly important for this reaction. In this work, using the biomass-derived tannic acid as carbon precursor and the transition metal cobalt as active component, a novel tannic acid carbon supported cobalt catalyst (Co/TAC) was prepared by pyrolysis and subsequent hydrazine hydrate reduction method. The hydrogenation of EL and other carbonyl compounds by hydrogen transfer reaction was used to evaluate the performance of the catalysts. The effects of different preparation and reaction conditions on the performance of the catalysts were investigated, and the structures of the prepared catalysts were characterized in detail. The results showed that the carbonization temperature of the support had a significant effect on the activity of the catalyst for the reaction. Under the optimized conditions, the Co/TAC-900 catalyst obtained the highest GVL yield of 91.3% under relatively mild reaction conditions. Furthermore, the prepared catalyst also showed high efficiency for the hydrogenation of various ketone compounds with different structures. This work provides a new reference for the construction of the catalysts during the conversion of biomass and a potential pathway for the high-value utilization of tannin resource.

Frontiers in Chemistry (Lausanne, Switzerland) published new progress about Biomass pyrolysis. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, COA of Formula: C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Zhang, Junhua published the artcileHighly Selective Conversion of Furfural to Furfural Alcohol or Levulinate Ester in One Pot over ZrO2@SBA-15 and Its Kinetic Behavior, Application In Synthesis of 539-88-8, the main research area is selective conversion furfural alc levulinate ester zirconia silica catalyst.

Biorefinery for the purpose of producing biofuels, chems., and materials has received much attention. Furfural alc. (FOL) and levulinate ester (LE) are important biomass-derived platform chems., and they are produced from sugar-based furfural (FAL). Unfortunately, the two products are often obtained sep. in different reaction systems, which is undesirable; furthermore, it is of significant practical interest to control their selectivity so that the desired product can be accumulated in high yields. Herein, we present an efficient method for the highly selective conversion of FAL to FOL or iso-Pr levulinate (IPL) in a one pot system using isopropanol as the hydrogen source and ZrO2@SBA-15 as a bifunctional catalyst with both Lewis acid and Bronsted acid sites. Under optimized reaction conditions, high yields of FOL and IPL in up to 90.4% and 87.2%, resp., were obtained. Based on the exptl. results, a kinetic model describing the catalytic conversion of FAL into FOL and IPL process was established, which has a good correlation (R2 > 0.92) between the measured and predicted data. The developed kinetics can provide an effective tool to monitor the process and tailor the process conditions to obtain the desired product. A brief concept for the catalytic conversion of FAL to FOL or IPL in a one pot system over ZrO2@SBA-15 is described.

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering published new progress about Activation energy. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Application In Synthesis of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ye, Lei published the artcileHZ-ZrP Catalysts with Adjustable Ratio of Bronsted and Lewis Acids for the One-Pot Value-Added Conversion of Biomass-Derived Furfural, Computed Properties of 539-88-8, the main research area is catalyst adjustable ratio Bronsted Lewis acid pot biomass furfural.

Bifunctional heterogeneous catalysts (HZ-ZrP) were prepared by using HZSM-5 as the carrier to support zirconium phosphate (ZrP) active component for the one-pot value-added conversion of biomass-derived furfural (FAL). By changing the loading amount of ZrP, the ratio of Lewis to Bronsted acid (2.7-15.4) and the acid strength of the catalysts can be adjusted. HZ-ZrP-5 and HZ-ZrP-16 were selected for the production of different value-added chems., and a total yield of up to 93.8% (i-PL and GVL) and 64.2% (GVL) were obtained using isopropanol as the hydrogen donor under optimized conditions, resp. Furthermore, stability and recyclability of the catalyst were also tested and showed no significant drop in total yield after re-calcination. The catalysts have high activity (Ea = 27.05 ± 3.08 kJ mol-1), but the ring-opening reaction restricted the cascade reaction. In addition, possible reaction pathway and mechanism for the FAL conversion was proposed.

ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering published new progress about Activation energy. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Computed Properties of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

da Silva, Evellyn Patricia Santos published the artcileInvestigation of solvent-free esterification of levulinic acid in the presence of tin(IV) complexes, Synthetic Route of 539-88-8, the main research area is tin complex catalyst levulinic acid solvent free esterification.

In this study, for the first time, the use of dibutyltin dichloride (Bu2SnCl2), dimethyltin dichloride (Me2SnCl2), butyltin trichloride (BuSnCl3) and Bu stannoic acid (BuSnO(OH)) as catalysts in the esterification of levulinic acid (LA) was investigated through a comparison with reactions performed without the use of a catalyst. The most active system (BuSnCl3) led to 93% conversion of LA in 360 min at 110°C with an LA:EtOH:CAT molar ratio of 1:5:0.01. The apparent rate constants (kap) for LA conversion confirm these results, and values of 6.2 × 10-3, 12.5 × 10-3 and 19.4 × 10-3 min-1 were obtained at 70, 90 and 110°C, resp. The activation energy for LA conversion was determined employing BuSnCl3 and the value was 31.2 kJ mol-1.

Molecular Catalysis published new progress about Activation energy. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Synthetic Route of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yu, Xin published the artcileEthylene glycol co-solvent enhances alkyl levulinate production from concentrated feeds of sugars in monohydric alcohols, SDS of cas: 539-88-8, the main research area is alkyl levulinate production ethylene glycol monohydric alc concentrated feed.

Conversion of carbohydrates at concentrated feeds represents highly desirable for the industrial deployment of biobased fuels and chems. but challenging. One key bottleneck is that the excessive formation of polymeric humins greatly diminishes the utilization rate of feedstocks and the destination product yield. We report that the use of ethylene glycol as co-solvent for acid-catalyzed conversion of concentrated sugars enhances desirable alkyl levulinate (AL) production compared to reactions carried out in single monohydric alcs. (e.g., methanol, ethanol). Ethylene glycol served not only as a solubilizer of sugars in the reaction medium to lessen their tendency to polymerize by protecting reactive hydroxyl groups in sugars with alcs., but also as a supporter to restrain the condensation of furan intermediates. With 10 vol% ethylene glycol as the co-solvent of ethanol, an improved yield of Et levulinate (EL) from 45% to 56% was accomplished from concentrated feeds of glucose (200 g/L). In particular, high space time yield and EL concentration resp. up to 30 kg/m3·h and 90 g/L were obtained in a batch reactor. The solvents and catalyst could be isolated from the products, and showed good reusability. This contribution opens a reliable avenue for converting highly concentrated feeds of biomass-related sugars to oxygenated liquid fuels and versatile chems.

Fuel published new progress about Activation energy. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, SDS of cas: 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ahmad, Ejaz published the artcileUnderstanding reaction kinetics, deprotonation and solvation of bronsted acidic protons in heteropolyacid catalyzed synthesis of biorenewable alkyl levulinates, Safety of Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, the main research area is levulinic acid heteropolyacid catalyst esterification kinetics IR spectra.

In search of a ‘descriptor’ for Bronsted acid-catalyzed biorenewable transformations in a complex reaction environment, two concepts related to the reactivity of Bronsted acid catalysts are explored. A simple reaction involving the esterification of levulinic acid in three different alc. mediums (ethanol, 1-propanol, and 1-butanol) is experimented with two different Keggin heteropolyacid (HPA) catalysts to synthesize alkyl levulinates. On the same HPA catalyst, and different solvent medium, apparent activation energies of the esterification reaction are observed to increase by an average of âˆ? kJ/mol on increasing the alkyl chain length of the alc. medium by one carbon. Obtained apparent activation energies are corresponding with the solvation energies of the Bronsted proton in the resp. alc. medium. In contrast, on changing the HPA catalyst and keeping the same alc. medium, the apparent activation energies are observed to differ by an average of âˆ?9 kJ/mol. This directly correlates with the difference (âˆ?0 kJ/mol) in the vapor phase deprotonation energies (DPE) of the two HPA catalysts. Thus, in the solvent environment, DPE values and the degree of solvation of the Bronsted acidic protons are describing the reactivity of the HPA catalysts.

Chemical Engineering Journal (Amsterdam, Netherlands) published new progress about Activation energy. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Safety of Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Gao, Guoming published the artcileCrystal facet-dependent activity of h-WO3 for selective conversion of furfuryl alcohol to ethyl levulinate, HPLC of Formula: 539-88-8, the main research area is crystal facet WO3 furfuryl alc ethyl levulinate.

The use of WO3 as an acid catalyst has received extensive attention in recent years. However, the correlation between the catalytic activity and the predominantly exposed surface with varied acidic sites needs further understanding. Herein, the effects of the Bronsted and Lewis acid sites of different crystal facets of WO3 on the catalytic conversion of furfuryl alc. (FA) to Et levulinate (EL) in ethanol were investigated in detail. A yield of EL up to 93.3% over WO3 with the (110) facet exposed was achieved at 170°C, while FA was mainly converted to polymers over (001) faceted nanosheets and nanobelts with exposed (002) and (100) facets. This was attributed to the different distribution of the acidic sites on different exposed crystal facets. The (110) faceted WO3 possessed abundant and strong Bronsted acid sites, which favored the conversion of FA to EL, while the (100) faceted WO3 with stronger Lewis acid sites and weaker Bronsted acid sites mainly led to the formation of polymers. In addition, the (110) faceted WO3 showed excellent sustainability in comparison with the (100) faceted counterpart.

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics published new progress about Crystal morphology. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, HPLC of Formula: 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics