Category: 539-88-8

Saetiao, Phonsan published the artcileUsing reactive distillation for upgrading bio-oil from co-pyrolysis of palm kernel shell and palm empty fruit bunches, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, the main research area is biooil copyrolysis palm kernel shell fruit reactive distillation.

Due to the poor phys. properties of raw bio-oil from pyrolysis, in this work reactive distillation was used to upgrade vaporized bio-oil from selected co-pyrolysis of palm kernel shell and palm empty fruit bunches at 75%/25% mixing ratio by using 10%Ni/HZSM-5 catalyst and ethanol at various reboiler temperatures In the pyrolysis process, the feed temperature (biooil vapor and non-condensable gas) was in the range between 35 and 230°C. The reboiler temperature not only influenced the separation of heavy oil from raw bio-oil, which would help minimize catalyst deactivation, but also possibly affected contact time of reactants with catalyst via the residence time. The vaporized bio-oil was upgraded by esterification and acetalization reactions producing levulinic acid Et ester, nonanoic acid Et ester, and 1,1-diethoxyethane. The phys. characteristics d., kinematic viscosity, water content, and pH were improved from those of the raw bio-oil.

Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology published new progress about Acetalization. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ravi, Krishnan published the artcileHighly active and scalable SO3H functionalized carbon catalyst synthesized from bagasse for transformation of bio-based platform chemicals into fuel precursors and its in-depth characterization studies, Application In Synthesis of 539-88-8, the main research area is sulfonic acid bagasse bio based platform chem fuel acetalization.

Scalable synthesis of SO3H functionalized carbon from sugar industry waste (bagasse) and detailed structural characterization and activity were reported. The incorporation of SO3H functionality groups on the carbon surface and the growth of the aromatic carbon framework was supported by FT-IR and 13C CP-MAS NMR anal. The hydrothermally synthesized carbon exhibited total acidity of 5 mmol/g and uniform distribution of sulfur on the surface of carbon. The synthesized catalyst was found to be efficient for the acetalization, alkylation and alcoholysis reactions and exhibits excellent stability during the reactions. Various bio-derived carbonyl compounds were demonstrated by the solvent-free acetalization of bio-derived glycerol gives 50-100% conversion and 52-98% selectivity towards solketal derivatives at room temperature The synthesized catalyst′s reactivity was better than the com. used Bronsted/Lewis acids. Furthermore, the SO3H functionalized carbon was also used for alcoholysis followed by ring-opening of furfuryl alc., giving 67-98% selectivity towards alkyl levulinates with complete conversion of furfuryl alc. The mechanistic pathway suggests that the alcoholysis reaction goes through three different intermediates (2-alkoxymethylfuran, 4,5,5-trialkoxypentan-2-one, and 5-hydroxy-4,5-dialkoxypentan-2-one) to produce the alkyl levulinates. Addnl., the catalyst was tested for solvent-free condensation of 2-methylfuran with various carbonyl compounds to selectively produce an excellent yield of fuel precursors (for C12-C15 hydrocarbons) at 60 °C. The catalyst was reused up to four cycles with 14% loss in the conversion of furfural for acetalization of glycerol, and negligible losses in the alkylation of 2-methylfuran were observed

Fuel published new progress about Acetalization. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Application In Synthesis of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Da Silva, Marcio Jose published the artcileEsterification of levulinic acid over Sn(II) exchanged Keggin heteropolyacid salts: An efficient route to obtain bioadditives, HPLC of Formula: 539-88-8, the main research area is esterification levulinate tin exchanged Keggin heteropolyacid bioadditive.

In this paper, we describe a process to add value to the biomass derivatives (i.e., levulinic acid), converting it to bioadditives over solid Sn(II) exchanged Keggin heteropolyacid salts. These solid catalysts are an attractive alternative to the traditional soluble and corrosive Bronsted acid catalysts. Among Sn(II) heteropoly salts, the Sn1.5PW12O40 was the most active and selective catalyst, achieving high conversions (ca. 90%) and selectivity (90-97%) for alkyl esters and angelica lactone, the main reaction products. The impacts of the main reaction parameters (i.e., catalyst load, temperature, and the molar ratio of alc. to acid) were investigated. The use of renewable raw material, and an efficient and recyclable catalyst are the main pos. features of this process. The Sn1.5PW12O40 catalyst was easily recovered and reused without loss activity.

Molecular Catalysis published new progress about Esterification. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, HPLC of Formula: 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Melfi, Diego Trevisan published the artcileSupercritical CO2 as solvent for fatty acids esterification with ethanol catalyzed by Amberlyst-15, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, the main research area is carbon dioxide Amberlyst esterification catalyst fatty acid ethanol.

This work reports on the esterification of fatty acids with ethanol using Amberlyst-15 in a scCO2-assisted system. A factorial design was carried out for the following process variables: temperature (70°C-110°C), ethanol to acid molar ratio (3:1 to 9:1) and catalyst to acid concentration (5-20 wt%), with a fixed amount of CO2 added to the reactor (28.62 g). The best reaction condition led to an 87% conversion at 110°C, 9:1, and 20 wt% in 15 min of reaction time. An exploratory kinetic study illustrates the effect of catalyst amount and molar ratio in isothermal kinetic curves. Also, a catalyst reuse study was performed. Addnl., different carboxylic acids and methanol, instead of ethanol, were evaluated as reagents. At all proposed systems, the addition of scCO2 increased the reaction conversion.

Journal of Supercritical Fluids published new progress about Esterification. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Recommanded Product: Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Li, Ning published the artcilePreparation and catalytic performance of loofah sponge-derived carbon sulfonic acid for the conversion of levulinic acid to ethyl levulinate, Formula: C7H12O3, the main research area is catalytic loofah sponge carbon sulfonated levulinic acid ethyl levulinate; esterification catalyst levulinic acid ethanol.

The sulfonated carbon derived from loofah sponge are prepared and used as catalysts to synthesize Et levulinate. Various synthetic and reaction parameters on the catalytic efficiency are comparatively investigated. The acidic d. of the resultant catalysts with a satisfactory reusability is as high as 1.59 mmol g-1. The conversion of levulinic acid can reach 91% under the optimized conditions. The results show that the catalysts have great potential to be an environmentally friendly alternative solid acid for the synthesis of Et levulinate fuel additive.

Catalysis Communications published new progress about Esterification. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Formula: C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Anjali, Kaiprathu published the artcileNiobium based macromolecule preparation and its potential application in biomass derived levulinic acid esterification, Application In Synthesis of 539-88-8, the main research area is preparation niobium carboxyphenylporphyrin complex levulinate esterification; levulinate esterification niobium carboxyphenylporphyrin complex catalyst; niobium macromol biomass levulinate esterification.

Niobium incorporated meso-tetra-(4-carboxyphenyl)-porphyrin (Nb-TCPP) was prepared for the first time and grafted through the axial position by the surface amine groups present on functionalized SBA-15 (SBA-AM). The synthesized TCPP ligand, Nb-TCPP complex, and the grafted Nb-TCPP-SBA-AM complex were thoroughly characterized by various anal. and spectroscopic techniques such as FTIR, UV-visible, DR UV-visible, CHN, 1H NMR, powder XRD, and N2 sorption studies. The catalytic activity of the homogeneous (Nb-TCPP) and the heterogenized (Nb-TCPP-SBA-AM) complex were explored for the esterification of levulinic acid. The studies revealed that Nb-TCPP and Nb-TCPP-SBA-AM showed comparatively good catalytic activity (74-80% conversion) for the esterification of levulinic acid using methanol under mild reaction conditions with the formation of Me levulinate and α-angelica lactone as the major products.

Inorganic Chemistry Communications published new progress about Esterification. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Application In Synthesis of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yang, Fu published the artcileCatalytic Upgrading of Renewable Levulinic Acid to Levulinate Esters Using Perchloric Acid Decorated Nanoporous Silica Gels, COA of Formula: C7H12O3, the main research area is perchloric acid decorated silica gel catalyst levulinate ester synthesis.

Catalytic upgrading of renewable biomass resource toward useful chems. is interesting but challenged, in this paper, several inorganic acids were examined for the catalytic esterification of levulinic acid with alc., and then ulteriorly loaded on the applicable supports to obtain the heterogeneous catalysts. Among them, HClO4/SiO2 nanoporous solid-acid catalyst exhibits the highest catalytic activity for the synthesis of Et levulinate. The resulting HClO4/SiO2 catalyst was characterized by FT-IR, Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX)-mapping, X-ray Diffraction (XRD), NH3-Temperature-Programmed-Desorption (TPD), and N2 desorption. Various reaction factors including loading of HClO4, catalyst dosage, reaction time and temperature were checked and optimized. As expected, the targeted catalyst affords 99% yield of Et levulinate and a durable activity even with five runs. Finally, esterification of levulinic acid with various alcs. over the HClO4/SiO2 was further expanded based on the optimal reaction condition.

ChemistrySelect published new progress about Esterification. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, COA of Formula: C7H12O3.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Guo, Tianmeng published the artcileSelective conversion of biomass-derived levulinic acid to ethyl levulinate catalyzed by metal organic framework (MOF)-supported polyoxometalates, Application of Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, the main research area is biomass ethyl levulinate metal organic framework MOF supported polyoxometalate.

The esterification of levulinic acid (LA) and ethanol into Et levulinate is an attractive biomass conversion process since the product EL has wide applications as food additive, fragrance and fuel. Herein, a metal-organic framework (MOF)-supported phosphomolybdic acid [Cu-BTC][HPM] was synthesized with 1,3,5-Benzenetricarboxylic acid, copper nitrate and phosphomolybdic acid in a one-step process at ambient temperature The synthesized [Cu-BTC][HPM] was used for the catalytic esterification of levulinic acid to EL in ethanol, and showed excellent activity with a high EL yield close to 100% at 120 °C for 6 h, which should be ascribed to the uniform dispersion of HPM embedded in the MOF. The [Cu-BTC][HPM] catalyst could keep stable crystal structure and active component contents, and thus exhibited good stability in recycling process.

Applied Catalysis, A: General published new progress about Esterification. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Application of Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Quereshi, Shireen published the artcileSynthesis and Characterization of Zirconia Supported Silicotungstic Acid for Ethyl Levulinate Production, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is zirconia supported silicotungstate ethyl levulinate preparation.

A Keggin silicotungstic acid (HPS) catalyst was heterogenized by loading (10-40 weight %) over zirconia support, and the resulting catalysts were named ESZN-1 (10 weight %), ESZN-2 (20 weight %), ESZN-3 (30 weight %), and ESZN-4 (40 weight %). After that, synthesized catalysts were characterized using several tools and techniques which revealed that the Keggin structure of the parent HPS catalyst remained intact after heterogenization. Eventually, synthesized catalyst performance evaluation tests were performed for the production of Et levulinate from biomass-derived levulinic acid under microwave heating irradiations. Under optimum operating conditions, more than 90% LA conversion with 100% EL selectivity was obtained at a 110 °C temperature in 30 min in the presence of 100 mg of ESZN-4 in a solution containing levulinic acid and ethanol in a 1:43 ratio. A kinetic study on LA conversion in the presence of the ESZN-4 catalyst revealed a pseudo-first-order mechanism for Et levulinate synthesis.

Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research published new progress about Esterification. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Pachamuthu, M. P. published the artcilePreparation of mesoporous stannosilicates SnTUD-1 and catalytic activity in levulinic acid esterification, Synthetic Route of 539-88-8, the main research area is mesoporous stannosilicate SnTUD1 catalytic levulinate esterification.

The direct synthesis of SnTUD-1 with different Si:Sn ratios (100, 50 and 25) by using non-surfactant template triethanolamine (TEA). It functioned as a structure-directing agent and assisted to graft the Sn ions into the TUD-1 silica layer. The physicochem. properties of these materials were examined with XRD, N2 sorption, DR UV-Vis, NH3-TPD, 29Si-NMR, HRTEM, XPS and pyridine adsorbed FT-IR studies, which indicated highly interconnected mesoporous structure with wormhole like morphol. Sn4+ ions were mainly tetrahedrically coordinated with silica; while increase of loading lead to the formation of nanocrystalline SnO2 with different sizes. Materials showed acidity in the range of 0.13-0.31 mmol/g. Synthesized catalysts were tested in the esterification of levulinic acid (LA) with various aliphatic alcs. and exhibited excellent activity. The catalyst was recycled five times without loss of its activity.

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials published new progress about Esterification. 539-88-8 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, name is Ethyl 4-oxopentanoate, and the molecular formula is C7H12O3, Synthetic Route of 539-88-8.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics