Category: 112-63-0

Buckle, F. J.; Pattison, F. L. M.; Saunders, B. C. published the artcile< Toxic fluorine compounds containing the CF link. VI. ω-Fluorocarboxylic acids and derivatives>, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is .

AgF (34 g.), slowly added to I(CH2)4CO2Et (preparation given) with shaking and heated 20 min. at 45-50°, gives 1.5 cc. Et δ-fluorovalerate, b16 56-60°, completely nontoxic. In the preparation of 5-hydroxypentanecarboxylic acid from cyclohexanone by the method of Robinson and Smith (C.A. 31, 5351.9), the solid (m. 130°) which is formed is probably dicyclohexylidene peroxide. Br(CH2)5CO2Et (10 g.) and 11.4 g. AgF, heated 30 min. at 50°, give 27% Et 5-fluoropentanecarboxylate, b14 82-4°, LD50 4 mg./kg. Br(CH2)5CO2H (38 g.), 30 g. FCH2CH2OH, and 2.5 g. H2SO4, heated 5-6 hrs. at 120°, give 53% of the 2-fluoroethyl ester, b13 142°; with Ag2F (15 min. at room temperature and 1 hr. at 40°) it yields 2-fluoroethyl 5-fluoropentanecarboxylate, b14 103-5°, LD50 2.5 mg./kg. (CH2)6Br2 (244 g.) and 77 g. PhOH in 400 cc. H2O, treated at the b.p. with 106 cc. 30% NaOH (20 min.) and refluxed 8 hrs., give 79% 6-phenoxyhexyl bromide, b13 174-80°; with CHNa(CO2Et)2 in EtOH, it yields 51% of the Et ester, b. 155-8°/2 × 10-3 mm., of (6-phenoxyhexyl)malonic acid, m. 162-3° (decomposition); at 230°, this yields 58% 7-phenoxyheptanecarboxylic acid (I), m. 69-70°. I (5 g.) and 20 cc. HI (d. 1.7), heated 6 hrs. at 160-70°, give 70% 7-iodoheptanecarboxylic acid (II), m. 43-4°; Et ester (III), b1 114°. III (10.2 g.), treated slowly with 9.7 g. AgF, gives 0.2 g. Et 7-fluoroheptanecarboxylate, b. 191°, LD50 9 mg./kg. (in the preparation of the ester, there is formed some Et 6-heptenecarboxylate, which was transformed into the dibromide to increase the b.p.; a special apparatus is described for the purification). II (13 g.), 110 g. FCH2CH2OH, and 5.5 g. concentrated H2SO4, refluxed 6 hrs., give 62.5% of the 2-fluoroethyl ester, b0.8 122-4°; AgF gives 21% 2-fluoroethyl 7-fluoroheptanecarboxylate, b13 128-30°, fruitlike odor, L.D50 7 mg./kg. Br(CH2)9CO2H (IV) (preparation given) yields 72% of the Et ester, b10 162-4°; AgF gives 20% Et 9-fluorononanecarboxylate (V), b10 135-8°, LD50 10 mg./kg. The 2-fluoroethyl ester of IV b11 184-8°; AgF gives 17% of the 2-fluoroethyl ester of V, b12 145-9°, LD50 10 mg./kg. Et l0-bromodecanecarboxylate, b0.15 137°, 81%; Et 10-fluorodecanecarboxylate, b11 140-1°, 19%; LD50 above 100 mg./kg. 10-Bromodecanecarbonyl chloride, b10 174-5°, 83%; CH2N2 gives 98% 10-bromo-1-diazoacetyldecane (VI), yellow, m. about 30°; 12.5 g. VI in 100 cc. dioxane, treated with 30 g. 20% aqueous NH4OH and 6 cc. 10% AgNO3, gives 49% 11-bromohendecanecarboxamide (VII), m. 105°. VII (3.5 g.), 20 cc. EtOH, and 6 cc. concentrated H2SO4, refluxed 10 hrs., give 47% Et 11-bromohendecanecarboxylate, b. 127°/9 × 10-3 mm.; with AgF, this gives 12% of the II-F analog, b11 152-3°, LD50 less than 20 mg./kg. In compounds of the type F(CH2)nCO2R, it has been established that if n is odd, the compound is toxic and causes fluoroacetate-like symptoms in animals; if n is even, no such toxic properties are shown. This remarkable alternation of properties is discussed in the light of the β-oxidation theory of long-chain carboxylic acids. This theory does not, however, account for all the facts observed. The toxicity is often greatly enhanced if R = CH2CH2F, compared with R = Me or Et. This difference is less obvious when the chain is long (n = 7) and is negligible when n = 9.

Journal of the Chemical Society published new progress about Acids. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Sung, Dan-Bi; Mun, Bohyun; Park, Sol; Lee, Hyi-Seung; Lee, Jihoon; Lee, Yeon-Ju; Shin, Hee Jae; Lee, Jong Seok published the artcile< Synthesis, Molecular Engineering, and Photophysical Properties of Fluorescent Thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-5(4H)-ones>, Recommanded Product: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate, the main research area is thienopyridinone synthesis regioselective aza cycloaddition aminothiophene unsaturated carboxylic acid; fluorescent thienopyridinone synthesis.

We describe a synthetic approach for a set of fluorescent thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-5(4H)-one derivatives and their photophys. properties. These fluorophores are prepared by a series of reactions employing the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction and a regioselective aza-[3 + 3] cycloaddition of 3-aminothiophenes with α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids. Our findings revealed that the photophys. properties are chem. tunable by an appropriate choice of functional group on the thieno[3,2-b]pyridine-5(4H)-one scaffold.

Journal of Organic Chemistry published new progress about [3+3] Cycloaddition reaction (regioselective aza-[3 + 3] cycloaddition). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Recommanded Product: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Bourgeois, Christine; Gorwood, Jennifer; Olivo, Anaelle; Le Pelletier, Laura; Capeau, Jacqueline; Lambotte, Olivier; Bereziat, Veronique; Lagathu, Claire published the artcile< Contribution of adipose tissue to the chronic immune activation and inflammation associated with HIV infection and its treatment>, Product Details of C19H34O2, the main research area is review adipose tissue immune activation inflammation HIV infection treatment; HIV infection; adipose tissue; antiretroviral treatment; chronic immune activation; chronic inflammation; fat.

A review. White adipose tissue (AT) contributes significantly to inflammation – especially in the context of obesity. Several of AT′s intrinsic features favor its key role in local and systemic inflammation: (i) large distribution throughout the body, (ii) major endocrine activity, and (iii) presence of metabolic and immune cells in close proximity. In obesity, the concomitant pro-inflammatory signals produced by immune cells, adipocytes and adipose stem cells help to drive local inflammation in a vicious circle. Although the secretion of adipokines by AT is a prime contributor to systemic inflammation, the lipotoxicity associated with AT dysfunction might also be involved and could affect distant organs. In HIV-infected patients, the AT is targeted by both HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART). During the primary phase of infection, the virus targets AT directly (by infecting AT CD4 T cells) and indirectly (via viral protein release, inflammatory signals, and gut disruption). The initiation of ART drastically changes the picture: ART reduces viral load, restores (at least partially) the CD4 T cell count, and dampens inflammatory processes on the whole body level but also within the AT. However, ART induces AT dysfunction and metabolic side effects, which are highly dependent on the individual mols. and the combination used. First generation thymidine reverse transcriptase inhibitors predominantly target mitochondrial DNA and induce oxidative stress and adipocyte death. Protease inhibitors predominantly affect metabolic pathways (affecting adipogenesis and adipocyte homeostasis) resulting in insulin resistance. Recently marketed integrase strand transfer inhibitors induce both adipocyte adipogenesis, hypertrophy and fibrosis. It is challenging to distinguish between the resp. effects of viral persistence, persistent immune defects and ART toxicity on the inflammatory profile present in ART-controlled HIV infected patients. The host metabolic status, the size of the pre-established viral reservoir, the quality of the immune restoration, and the natural ageing with associated comorbidities may mitigate and/or reinforce the contribution of antiretrovirals (ARVs) toxicity to the development of low-grade inflammation in HIV-infected patients. Protecting AT functions appears highly relevant in ART-controlled HIV-infected patients. It requires lifestyle habits improvement in the absence of effective anti-inflammatory treatment. Besides, reducing ART toxicities remains a crucial therapeutic goal.

Frontiers in Immunology published new progress about Adipocyte. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Product Details of C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Salehi Marzijarani, Nastaran; Lam, Yu-hong; Wang, Xiao; Klapars, Artis; Qi, Ji; Song, Zhiyan; Sherry, Benjamin D.; Liu, Zhijian; Ji, Yining published the artcile< New Mechanism for Cinchona Alkaloid-Catalysis Allows for an Efficient Thiophosphorylation Reaction>, Application of C19H34O2, the main research area is nucleoside thiophosphorylation cinchona alkaloid catalysis mechanism.

An efficient synthesis of nucleoside 5′-monothiophosphates under mild reaction conditions using com. available thiophosphoryl chloride was achieved with a cinchona alkaloid catalyst. A detailed mechanistic study of the reaction was undertaken, employing a combination of reaction kinetics, NMR spectroscopy, and computational modeling, to better understand the observed reactivity. Taken collectively, the results support an unprecedented mechanism for this class of organocatalyst.

Journal of the American Chemical Society published new progress about Cinchona alkaloids Role: CAT (Catalyst Use), RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), USES (Uses), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Application of C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kwon, Eun Hee; Musema, Godefroid M. A.; Boelter, Jessica; Townsend, Sydney; Tshala-Katumbay, Desire; Kayembe, Patrick K.; West, John; Wood, Charles published the artcile< HIV-1 subtypes and drug resistance mutations among female sex workers varied in different cities and regions of the Democratic Republic of Congo>, SDS of cas: 112-63-0, the main research area is HIV1 subtype drug resistance mutation Africa.

Complex mosaic structures of HIV-1 were found in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Currently, there is limited information on the circulating HIV-1 strains, the distribution of these strains and antiretroviral (ART) resistant viruses in different regions of the country, and the HIV-1 strains harbored by the high-risk groups like female sex workers (FSW) reported to be the source of recombinant and ART resistant viruses. There were 145 (env) and 93 (pol) sequences analyzed. Based on env sequences, the predominant subtype was A1 (44%), and recombinants as defined pol sequences comprised 35% of the total sample. Paired sequences of pol and env from DRC FSW revealed mosaic recombinant in 54% of the sequences. Subtype A1 was prevalent (40%) in Goma located in the East and significantly higher than in Mbuji-Mayi (p<0.05) in the South-central region, or in Lubumbashi in the South. Antiretroviral resistance was detected in 21.5% of 93 pol sequences analyzed, with the M184I/V and K103N mutations that confer high-level resistance to NRTI and NNRTI, resp., being the most frequent mutations. However, the K103N mutant viruses were found only in the East. HIV-1 variants found in DRC FSW reflect those reported to circulate in the general population from the corresponding geog. locations. HIV-1 mosaic genetics were readily detected in FSW. Importantly, ART resistance mutations to NNRTI and NRTI were common in the DRC sex workers. PLoS One published new progress about Evolution. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, SDS of cas: 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Huang, Binbin; Guo, Lin; Xia, Wujiong published the artcile< A facile and versatile electro-reductive system for hydrodefunctionalization under ambient conditions>, SDS of cas: 112-63-0, the main research area is hydrocarbon reductive hydrodefunctionalization chemoselective electrochem green chem.

A general electrochem. system for reductive hydrodefunctionalization is described, employing the inexpensive and easily available triethylamine (Et3N) as a sacrificial reductant. This protocol is characterized by facile operation, sustainable conditions, and exceptionally wide substrate e.g., 9-bromophenanthrene scope covering the cleavage of C-halogen, N-S, N-C, O-S, O-C, C-C and C-N bonds. Notably, the selectivity and capability of reduction can be conveniently switched by simple incorporation or removal of an ethanol. as a co-solvent.

Green Chemistry published new progress about Aromatic hydrocarbons Role: PRP (Properties), RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, SDS of cas: 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Yang, Fei-Cheng; Wang, Chuan; Zhu, Jiang; Gai, Qu-Jing; Mao, Min; He, Jiang; Qin, Yan; Yao, Xiao-Xue; Wang, Yan-Xia; Lu, Hui-Min; Cao, Mian-Fu; He, Ming-Min; Wen, Xian-Mei; Leng, Ping; Cai, Xiong-Wei; Yao, Xiao-Hong; Bian, Xiu-Wu; Wang, Yan published the artcile< Inhibitory effects of temozolomide on glioma cells is sensitized by RSL3-induced ferroptosis but negatively correlated with expression of ferritin heavy chain 1 and ferritin light chain>, COA of Formula: C19H34O2, the main research area is temozolomide glioma cell RSL3 ferroptosis FTH1 FTL chain expression.

Invasive growth of glioblastoma makes residual tumor unremovable by surgery and leads to disease relapse. Temozolomide is widely used first-line chemotherapy drug to treat glioma patients, but development of temozolomide resistance is almost inevitable. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of non-apoptotic cell death, is found to be related to temozolomide response of gliomas. However, whether inducing ferroptosis could affect invasive growth of glioblastoma cells and which ferroptosis-related regulators were involved in temozolomide resistance are still unclear. In this study, we treated glioblastoma cells with RSL3, a ferroptosis inducer, in vitro (cell lines) and in vivo (s.c. and orthotopic animal models). The treated glioblastoma cells with wild-type or mutant IDH1 were subjected to RNA sequencing for transcriptomic profiling. We then analyze data from our RNA sequencing and public TCGA glioma database to identify ferroptosis-related biomarkers for prediction of prognosis and temozolomide resistance in gliomas. Anal. of transcriptome data from RSL3-treated glioblastoma cells suggested that RSL3 could inhibit glioblastoma cell growth and suppress expression of genes involved in cell cycle. RSL3 effectively reduced mobility of glioblastoma cells through downregulation of critical genes involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Moreover, RSL3 in combination with temozolomide showed suppressive efficacy on glioblastoma cell growth, providing a promising therapeutic strategy for glioblastoma treatment. Although temozolomide attenuated invasion of glioblastoma cells with mutant IDH1 more than those with wild-type IDH1, the combination of RSL3 and temozolomide similarly impaired invasive ability of glioblastoma cells in spite of IDH1 status. Finally, we noticed that both ferritin heavy chain 1 and ferritin light chain predicted unfavorable prognosis of glioma patients and were significantly correlated with mRNA levels of methylguanine methyltransferase as well as temozolomide resistance. Altogether, our study provided rationale for combination of RSL3 with temozolomide to suppress glioblastoma cells and revealed ferritin heavy chain 1 and ferritin light chain as biomarkers to predict prognosis and temozolomide resistance of glioma patients.

Laboratory Investigation published new progress about Animal gene Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study) (IDH1, wild-type). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, COA of Formula: C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wannick, Melanie; Assmann, Julian C.; Vielhauer, Jakob F.; Offermanns, Stefan; Zillikens, Detlef; Sadik, Christian D.; Schwaninger, Markus published the artcile< The immunometabolomic interface receptor hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 mediates the therapeutic effects of dimethyl fumarate in autoantibody-induced skin inflammation>, Recommanded Product: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate, the main research area is dimethyl fumarate antiinflammatory agent HCA2 inflammation; G protein-coupled receptor; autoimmune blistering skin disease; immunomodulatory therapy; neutrophils; pemphigoid disease.

The drug di-Me fumarate (DMF) is in clin. use for the treatment of psoriasis and multiple sclerosis. In addition, it has recently been demonstrated to ameliorate skin pathol. in mouse models of pemphigoid diseases, a group of autoimmune blistering diseases of the skin and mucous membranes. However, the mode of action of DMF in inflammatory skin diseases has remained elusive. Therefore, we have investigated here the mechanisms by which DMF improves skin pathol., using the antibody transfer model of bullous pemphigoid-like epidermolysis bullosa acquisita (EBA). Exptl. EBA was induced by transfer of antibodies against collagen VII that triggered the infiltration of immune cells into the skin and led to inflammatory skin lesions. DMF treatment reduced the infiltration of neutrophils and monocytes into the skin explaining the improved disease outcome in DMF-treated animals. Upon ingestion, DMF is converted to monomethyl fumarate that activates the hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCA2). Interestingly, neutrophils and monocytes expressed Hca2. To investigate whether the therapeutic effect of DMF in EBA is mediated by HCA2, we administered oral DMF to Hca2-deficient mice (Hca2-/-) and wild-type littermates (Hca2+/+) and induced EBA. DMF treatment ameliorated skin lesions in Hca2+/+ but not in Hca2-/- animals. These findings demonstrate that HCA2 is a mol. target of DMF treatment in EBA and suggest that HCA2 activation limits skin pathol. by inhibiting the infiltration of neutrophils and monocytes into the skin.

Frontiers in Immunology published new progress about Anti-inflammatory agents. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Recommanded Product: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Du, Kang; Rudola, Ashish; Balaya, Palani published the artcile< Investigations of Thermal Stability and Solid Electrolyte Interphase on Na2Ti3O7/C as a Non-carbonaceous Anode Material for Sodium Storage Using Non-flammable Ether-based Electrolyte>, Product Details of C19H34O2, the main research area is sodium ion battery titanium oxide carbon anode electrolyte; anode; carbonate-based electrolyte; non-flammable electrolyte; sodium-ion battery; solid electrolyte interphase; tetraglyme.

In order to become com. viable, sodium-ion batteries need to deliver long cycle life with good capacity and energy d. while still ensuring safety. Electrolyte plays a key role forming solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layers at low potential, which affects the thermal stability and cycle life of the anode materials under consideration. In this study, an ether-based non-flammable electrolyte, 1 M NaBF4 in tetraglyme, is tested for sodium storage using a non-carbonaceous anode material Na2Ti3O7/C, and the results are compared with those obtained with the popularly used carbonate-based electrolyte, 1 M NaClO4 in ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC) (volume/volume = 1:1). The Na2Ti3O7/C vs. Na cells using 1 M NaBF4 in tetraglyme show a much higher first cycle Coulombic efficiency (73%) than those using 1 M NaClO4 in EC/PC (33%). Thermal stability studies using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) conclusively show that Na2Ti3O7/C electrodes cycled with 1 M NaBF4 in tetraglyme are more thermally stable than the one cycled with 1 M NaClO4 in EC/PC. Further investigations on the formation of SEI layers were performed using attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, field-emission SEM, transmission electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, electrochem. impedance spectroscopy, and DSC studies. These studies unambiguously demonstrate that the SEI formed on Na2Ti3O7/C using 1 M NaBF4 in tetraglyme is not only less resistive but also more stable than the SEI formed using 1 M NaClO4 in EC/PC.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces published new progress about Battery anodes. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Product Details of C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Jiang, Minbao; Yuan, Yong; Wang, Tao; Xiong, Yunkui; Li, Jun; Guo, Huijiao; Lei, Aiwen published the artcile< Exogenous-oxidant- and catalyst-free electrochemical deoxygenative C2 sulfonylation of quinoline N-oxides>, Electric Literature of 112-63-0, the main research area is sulfonylated quinoline regioselective green preparation; quinoline oxide sodium sulfinate electrochem deoxygenative sulfonylation.

An exogenous-oxidant- and catalyst-free electrochem. deoxygenative C2 sulfonylation reaction was achieved. By employing quinoline N-oxides with sodium sulfinates as the starting materials, the electrochem. C-H sulfonylation of electron-deficient quinolines was indirectly achieved at room temperature and a variety of sulfonylated quinoline derivatives I [R = Et, Ph, 4-ClC6H4, etc.; R1 = H, 3-Me, 6-Br, etc.] were synthesized in modest to high yield with excellent regioselectivity. Notably, this protocol was the first example for synthesizing sulfonylated electron-deficient heteroarenes/arenes through electrochem.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, United Kingdom) published new progress about Amine oxides Role: RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Electric Literature of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics