Category: 112-63-0

Huang, Ruili; Southall, Noel; Cho, Ming-Hsuang; Xia, Menghang; Inglese, James; Austin, Christopher P. published the artcile< Characterization of Diversity in Toxicity Mechanism Using in Vitro Cytotoxicity Assays in Quantitative High Throughput Screening>, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is compound toxicity mechanism screening caspase apoptosis viability cluster analysis.

Assessing the potential health risks of environmental chem. compounds is an expensive undertaking that has motivated the development of new alternatives to traditional in vivo toxicol. testing. One approach is to stage the evaluation, beginning with less expensive and higher throughput in vitro testing before progressing to more definitive trials. In vitro testing can be used to generate a hypothesis about a compound’s mechanism of action, which can then be used to design an appropriate in vivo experiment Here we begin to address the question of how to design such a battery of in vitro cell-based assays by combining data from two different types of assays, cell viability and caspase activation, with the aim of elucidating the mechanism of action. Because caspase activation is a transient event during apoptosis, it is not possible to design a single end-point assay protocol that would identify all instances of compound-induced caspase activation. Nevertheless, useful information about compound mechanism of action can be obtained from these assays in combination with cell viability data. Unsupervised clustering in combination with Dunn’s cluster validity index is a robust method for identifying mechanisms of action without requiring any a priori knowledge about mechanisms of toxicity. The performance of this clustering method is evaluated by comparing the clustering results against literature annotations of compound mechanisms.

Chemical Research in Toxicology published new progress about Apoptosis. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Ali, Sayyed Iliyas; Nikalje, Milind D.; Sudalai, A. published the artcile< Pyridinium Hydrobromide Perbromide: A Versatile Catalyst for Aziridination of Olefins Using Chloramine-T>, Recommanded Product: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate, the main research area is pyridinium hydrobromide perbromide aziridination olefin; chloramine T aziridination olefin.

Pyridinium hydrobromide perbromide (Py·HBr3) catalyzes effectively the aziridination of electron-deficient as well as electron-rich olefins using chloramine-T (N-chloro-N-sodio-p-toluenesulfonamide) as a nitrogen source to afford the corresponding aziridines in moderate to good yields.

Organic Letters published new progress about Alkenes Role: RCT (Reactant), RACT (Reactant or Reagent). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Recommanded Product: (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Zi Jun; Landfester, Katharina; Zhang, Kai A. I. published the artcile< Conjugated porous polymers as highly efficient heterogeneous visible light photocatalyst>, Safety of (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate, the main research area is conjugated porous polymer photocatalyst phase emulsion polymerization.

Π-Conjugated porous polymers with hierarchical pore structures were synthesized via high internal phase emulsion polymerization (polyHIPE) technique. The polymers could be used as heterogeneous photocatalysts for highly selective oxidation of organic sulfides into sulfoxides and the free radical polymerization of Me methacrylate (MMA) under visible light irradiation

MRS Online Proceedings Library published new progress about Microstructure. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Safety of (9Z,12Z)-Methyl octadeca-9,12-dienoate.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Holm Hansen, Rikke; Højsgaard Chow, Helene; Christensen, Jeppe Romme; Sellebjerg, Finn; von Essen, Marina Rode published the artcile< Dimethyl fumarate therapy reduces memory T cells and the CNS migration potential in patients with multiple sclerosis.>, Reference of 112-63-0, the main research area is .

BACKGROUND: Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a disease-modifying therapy for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). T cells are major contributors to the pathogenesis of RRMS, where they regulate the pathogenic immune response and participate in CNS lesion development. OBJECTIVES: In this study we evaluate the therapeutic effects of DMF on T cell subpopulations, their CNS migration potential and effector functions. METHODS: Blood and CSF from untreated and DMF-treated patients with RRMS and healthy donors were analyzed by flow cytometry. RESULTS: DMF reduced the prevalence of circulating proinflammatory CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells, whereas regulatory T cells were unaffected. Furthermore, DMF reduced the frequency of CD4+ T cells expressing CNS-homing markers. In coherence, we found a reduced recruitment of CD4+ but not CD8+ T cells to CSF. We also found that monomethyl fumarate dampened T cell proliferation and reduced the frequency of TNF-α, IL-17 and IFN-γ producing T cells. CONCLUSION: DMF influences the balance between proinflammatory and regulatory T cells, presumably favoring a less proinflammatory environment. DMF also reduces the CNS migratory potential of CD4+ T cells whereas CD8+ T cells are less affected. Altogether, our study suggests an anti-inflammatory effect of DMF mainly on the CD4+ T cell compartment.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders published new progress about 112-63-0. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Reference of 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Wang, Xuewen; Cai, Changqing; Liang, Qichang; Xia, Meng; Lai, Lihua; Wu, Xia; Jiang, Xiaoyun; Cheng, Hao; Song, Yinjing; Zhou, Qiang published the artcile< Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics analyses of stress-induced murine hair follicle growth inhibition>, Application of C19H34O2, the main research area is hair follicle growth inhibition psychol stress transcriptome metabolome; chronic restraint stress; hair growth inhibition; hexokinase-1; metabolomics; transcriptomics.

Psychol. stress plays an important role in hair loss, but the underlying mechanisms are not well-understood, and the effective therapies available to regrow hair are rare. In this study, we established a chronic restraint stress (CRS)-induced hair growth inhibition mouse model and performed a comprehensive anal. of metabolomics and transcriptomics. Metabolomics data anal. showed that the primary and secondary metabolic pathways, such as carbohydrate metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and lipid metabolism were significantly altered in skin tissue of CRS group. Transcriptomics anal. also showed significant changes of genes expression profiles involved in regulation of metabolic processes including arachidonic acid metabolism, glutathione metabolism, glycolysis gluconeogenesis, nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism, purine metabolism, retinol metabolism and cholesterol metabolism Furthermore, RNA-Seq analyses also found that numerous genes associated with metabolism were significantly changed, such as Hk-1, in CRS-induced hair growth inhibition. Overall, our study supplied new insights into the hair growth inhibition induced by CRS from the perspective of integrated metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses.

Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences published new progress about Amino acids Role: BSU (Biological Study, Unclassified), BIOL (Biological Study) (biosynthesis). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Application of C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Tanaka, Hiroyoshi; Ratoi, Monica; Sugimura, Joichi published the artcile< The role of synthetic oils in controlling hydrogen permeation of rolling/sliding contacts>, Application of C19H34O2, the main research area is hydrogen synthetic oil permeation rolling sliding contact.

Bearing steels suffer from degradation of mech. properties when at. hydrogen diffuses into the steel from the contact surface. In rolling contact fatigue tests this can lead to a significant reduction in fatigue life of the specimens as the amount of hydrogen diffused into the steel increases. To mitigate this challenge, synthetic oils of different chem. have been studied so as to identify their efficiency and mechanism of retarding or preventing hydrogen permeation. Thrust bearing type tests were conducted with three synthetic base oils. The effect of base oil chem. on hydrogen generation and permeation in bearing steel was explored by relating the concentration of hydrogen species in specimens with changes in the surface and subsurface of the wear track and the condition of the oil.

RSC Advances published new progress about Air. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Application of C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

McKenzie, Alec I.; Mahmassani, Ziad S.; Petrocelli, Jonathan J.; de Hart, Naomi M. M. P.; Fix, Dennis K.; Ferrara, Patrick J.; LaStayo, Paul C.; Marcus, Robin L.; Rondina, Matthew T.; Summers, Scott A.; Johnson, Jordan M.; Trinity, Joel D.; Funai, Katsuhiko; Drummond, Micah J. published the artcile< Short-term exposure to a clinical dose of metformin increases skeletal muscle mitochondrial H2O2 emission and production in healthy, older adults: A randomized controlled trial>, Category: esters-buliding-blocks, the main research area is skeletal muscle mitochondrial H2O2 metformin clin dose healthy adult; Aging; Complex I respiration; Free radicals; Insulin sensitizers; Metabolism; Mitochondria; Muscle stem cells.

Metformin is the most commonly prescribed medication to treat diabetes. Emerging evidence suggests that metformin could have off target effects that might help promote healthy muscle aging, but these effects have not been thoroughly studied in glucose tolerant older individuals. The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of metformin consumption on skeletal muscle mitochondrial bioenergetics in healthy older adults. We obtained muscle biopsy samples from 16 healthy older adults previously naive to metformin and treated with metformin (METF; 3F, 5M), or placebo (CON; 3F, 5M), for two weeks using a randomized and blinded study design. Samples were analyzed using high-resolution respirometry, immunofluorescence, and immunoblotting to assess muscle mitochondrial bioenergetics, satellite cell (SC) content, and associated protein markers. We found that metformin treatment did not alter maximal mitochondrial respiration rates in muscle compared to CON. In contrast, mitochondrial H2O2 emission and production were elevated in muscle samples from METF vs. CON (METF emission: 2.59 ± 0.72 SE Fold, P = 0.04; METF production: 2.29 ± 0.53 SE Fold, P = 0.02). Furthermore, the change in H2O2 emission was pos. correlated with the change in type 1 myofiber SC content and this was biased in METF participants (Pooled: R2 = 0.5816, P = 0.0006; METF: R2 = 0.674, P = 0.0125). These findings suggest that acute exposure to metformin does not impact mitochondrial respiration in aged, glucose-tolerant muscle, but rather, influences mitochondrial-free radical and SC dynamics.Clin. trial registration. NCT03107884, clinicaltrials.gov.

Experimental Gerontology published new progress about Adult, mammalian. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Category: esters-buliding-blocks.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Gall, Daniel L.; Kim, Hoon; Lu, Fachuang; Donohue, Timothy J.; Noguera, Daniel R.; Ralph, John published the artcile< Stereochemical Features of Glutathione-dependent Enzymes in the Sphingobium sp. Strain SYK-6 β-Aryl Etherase Pathway>, Product Details of C19H34O2, the main research area is stereochem glutathione enzyme Sphingobium aryl etherase; Bacterial Metabolism; Enzyme Catalysis; Glutathione; Glutathione S-Transferase; Lignin Degradation; Stereoselectivity; Stereospecificity; Thiol; beta-Aryl Etherase; beta-S-Thioetherase.

Glutathione-dependent enzymes play important protective, repair, or metabolic roles in cells. In particular, enzymes in the glutathione S-transferase (GST) superfamily function in stress responses, defense systems, or xenobiotic detoxification. Here, we identify novel features of bacterial GSTs that cleave β-aryl ether bonds typically found in plant lignin. Our data reveal several original features of the reaction cycle of these GSTs, including stereospecific substrate recognition and stereoselective formation of β-S-thioether linkages. Products of recombinant GSTs (LigE, LigP, and LigF) are β-S-glutathionyl-α-keto-thioethers that are degraded by a β-S-thioetherase (LigG). All three Lig GSTs produced the ketone product (β-S-glutathionyl-α-veratrylethanone) from an achiral side chain-truncated model substrate (β-guaiacyl-α-veratrylethanone). However, when β-etherase assays were conducted with a racemic model substrate, β-guaiacyl-α-veratrylglycerone, LigE- or LigP-catalyzed reactions yielded only one of two potential product (β-S-glutathionyl-α-veratrylglycerone) epimers, whereas the other diastereomer (differing in configuration at the β-position (i.e. its β-epimer)) was produced only in the LigF-catalyzed reaction. Thus, β-etherase catalysis causes stereochem. inversion of the chiral center, converting a β(R)-substrate to a β(S)-product (LigE and LigP), and a β(S)-substrate to a β(R)-product (LigF). Further, LigG catalyzed glutathione-dependent β-S-thioether cleavage with β-S-glutathionyl-α-veratrylethanone and with β(R)-configured β-S-glutathionyl-α-veratrylglycerone but exhibited no or significantly reduced β-S-thioether-cleaving activity with the β(S)-epimer, demonstrating that LigG is a stereospecific β-thioetherase. We therefore propose that multiple Lig enzymes are needed in this β-aryl etherase pathway in order to cleave the racemic β-ether linkages that are present in the backbone of the lignin polymer.

Journal of Biological Chemistry published new progress about Chiral resolution. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Product Details of C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Kostyrko, E. O.; Kovtunenko, V. A.; Kysil, V. M. published the artcile< Synthesis and properties of new functionalized 2-benzazepines>, Product Details of C19H34O2, the main research area is aryl cyanomethylbenzyl aminoacetic acid ester cyclization sodium methylate; benzazepine functionalized preparation.

2-Aryl-4-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-1H-2-benzazepine-5-carbonitriles were obtained by the cyclization of Me esters of N-aryl-N-(2-cyanomethylbenzyl)aminoacetic acids by the action of sodium methylate. The keto-enol tautomerism of these compounds and their reactions with hydrazines were studied.

Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds (New York, NY, United States) published new progress about Aromatic esters Role: RCT (Reactant), SPN (Synthetic Preparation), RACT (Reactant or Reagent), PREP (Preparation) (amino). 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, Product Details of C19H34O2.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics

Williams, T. R.; McElvany, S. W.; Ighodalo, E. C. published the artcile< Determination of sulfur dioxide in solutions by pyridinium bromide perbromide and titrimetric and flow injection procedures>, SDS of cas: 112-63-0, the main research area is sulfur dioxide determination; pyridinium bromide perbromide reagent sulfur dioxide; photometric titration sulfur dioxide; flow injection sulfur dioxide determination.

SO2 can be determined by its reaction with pyridinium bromide perbromide by using photometric titrations and flow injection procedures. Both methods are useful down to 30 ppm, and are unaffected by NH3 or NO2. Both Hg(II) and EDTA interfere under some circumstances.

Analytica Chimica Acta published new progress about 112-63-0. 112-63-0 belongs to class esters-buliding-blocks, and the molecular formula is C19H34O2, SDS of cas: 112-63-0.

Referemce:
Ester – Wikipedia,
Ester – an overview | ScienceDirect Topics